Listed below are the most interesting facts about bony fish . Which one is the fastest, the heaviest? Which of the inhabitants depths of the sea not sensitive to pain? Read about all this below.
- The sunfish is the heaviest bony fish. It is compressed from the sides and extended upward, which is why it got its name. The largest representative of bony fish weighs 2235 kilograms and is 4.3 meters long. Thanks to this size, it is listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
- The bubble helps the fish float to the surface. Bony fish have a swim bladder that is filled with gases. When the bubble increases, they float up; when its volume decreases, they sink down.
- IN Atlantic Ocean There are fish with colorless blood. There are no red blood cells in the blood of so-called “white bloods”, so their blood is not red. Their meat is rich in potassium and phosphorus.
- Smallmouth macropine watches prey through its head. For protection, the little fish chose an unusual tool. The head of the Pacific macropina is transparent, and the eyes are located inside the head. This significantly increases the viewing angle, while the eyes are reliably protected.
- Fish with a face live in the Indian and Pacific oceans. The blobfish is sedentary and prefers to lie on the ocean floor with its mouth open, waiting for prey. The structure of her nose and mouth make her face look human.
- Indo-Pacific sailboat faster than a cheetah
. It is not easy to arrange competitions for them, but it has been proven that a sailboat can accelerate to 100 kilometers per hour. The elongated body of the “water Schumacher” is designed specifically for fast movements. The fin, which sticks out above the water like a sail, helps cut through the water and control movement.
- Living fossils are found in Africa and Indonesia. Once upon a time, coelacans came out of the water and became the ancestors of land animals. But they died out long ago. This was believed until their closest relatives, coelacanths, were discovered. The structure of coelacanths has hardly changed compared to their ancestors, who lived 400 million years ago.
- Shooter fish strikes prey from a distance. In another way, the shooter is called a splasher. Having waited for the right moment, he shoots a stream of water at the victim, knocking it down. Favorite dish arrow – insects flying over water.
- 20 species of fish can heat up on their own. Fish are cold-blooded animals, but some have special organs that heat the body. The heating organs of the swordtail are located on the head and increase the temperature of the eyes to 30 degrees, thereby improving vision.
- Some fish walk on land. The mudskipper is a goby that lives in mangrove forests. The jumper breathes through its skin, like amphibians, and also jumps excellently. Burying 30 centimeters deep into the river silt, he equips housing there.
- Sharks 'on painkillers'. One of the most dangerous and severe sea creatures feels no pain at all. The body of this predator produces a special substance that blocks pain signals from the body.
- Pike is indiscriminate in food. This freshwater fish doesn't choose gourmet dishes, she eats everything that comes her way. Both small fish and perches with their spines are used.
- Pisces can talk. They do not use coherent speech, words or shouts to talk, but this does not mean that they do not convey various signals and messages. They lack vocal cords, so the sounds they make are hissing, wheezing, and creaking. Near the swim bladder are muscles whose vibration helps produce sounds for communication.
- Most fish can see colors. Color plays a significant role not only above water. In its depths, the ability to distinguish colors helps fish find their prey. Others underwater inhabitants use colors for camouflage.
- The fish may drown. Oxygen is necessary to maintain life. It is found not only in the air, but also in water. If the oxygen content in the water is too low, the fish will not be able to stay afloat and will sink.
Our article about interesting facts about fish We would like to start with the fact that these animals originated on our Earth more than 400 million years ago. Even before the dinosaurs. But what do we know about them? Today we will lift the curtain of secrecy and plunge into the amazing undersea world. We are sure that everyone will discover some interesting fact about fish that they did not know before. Forward to adventure!
1. Someone can even fly!
Some fish pick up speed underwater and jump up! They are able to fly over water up to 350 meters. This interesting fact about the behavior of fish once again proves that everything is possible in the world. Do you know why they do this? To evade predators.
2. How can they remain motionless in the water?
An air bubble is the answer to this question. It is because of this that they can hang in the air. For example, one of the interesting facts about cartilaginous fish indicates that they do not have such a bubble. To stay afloat, a shark must constantly swim, and when it gets tired it can lie down on the bottom. Are you ready to learn the most interesting facts about fish? Scroll below!
3. Who has the most fast speed?
An interesting fact from the life of a swordfish is that it can become a winner in any race, because... their speed is 125 km/h. Research has shown that in fact, due to their structure, they should not swim so fast. But this can be a miracle!
4. Which of them have legs?
An interesting fact about the Protoptera fish is that it has four pairs of thin fins that resemble legs. It is with them that she can walk along the bottom.
5. What is this human face?
The first interesting fact about bony fish states that there are blob fish. Their faces are very similar to human ones. This aquatic animal is very lazy, lies on the bottom and waits for its prey.
6. Do they swim vertically?
You can also find an interesting fact about fish migration. It turns out that during this large-scale process, some of them swim vertically. This is explained by the fact that zooplankton moves in water at different depths.
We hope that our article was useful to you! We know that children will also enjoy interesting facts about fish. So don't forget to show them. And next time we will tell you more about the signs of Pisces, what interesting facts are hidden behind it and what they warn us about.
Fish have inhabited the world's oceans for 450 million years. Today there are more than 20 thousand species: small and huge, marine and freshwater, predatory and herbivorous, the most common and somehow very interesting.
firefly fish
Myctophoid anchovies - bony deep sea fish that can glow. Their special organs, located on the body and near the eyes, produce so much light that one could read a book nearby, although doing this under water is somewhat difficult.
Underwater cuckoos
The catfish Synodontis multipunctata, instead of raising its offspring on its own, throws children to other fish, just like a cuckoo. Typically, “foster mothers” are fish that carry eggs in their mouths. While they are spawning, a cunning catfish swims up, eats some of the eggs, and leaves its own in their place.
Incorrigible bullies
Betta fish are known for their complex character. Males cannot be kept together, as they immediately begin to fight to the death. In Thailand they even organize fish fights with their participation.
My own gastroenterologist
Some species of sharks turn their stomach inside out through their mouth to clean it, but they manage to avoid damaging it with their teeth.
Egoists
Surprisingly, Pisces can also be real egoists. For example, when an astyanax sees an approaching predator, it gives its relative to be eaten, thereby saving its own skin. They choose the weakest, shower him with blows, and swim away to a safer place.
How to make a fish jealous?
If male fish Poecilia mexicana see that they are losing the competition in the fight for a female, they resort to cunning. They demonstratively look after other fish by biting their abdomen. Jealous females immediately begin to become interested in the gentleman who so easily abandoned them and is about to go to his “neighbor.”
Changeable natures
And some fish are able to change sex. So, a male imperial angel always has about five females surrounded by him, and if the “father of the family” dies, one of the lower ones takes his place. Also, some other species of fish can change from a female to a male: representatives of the families of grouper fish, pomacentra, wrasse, and parrot fish.
Deadly dangerous!
The most poisonous fish in the world - stone fish or wart, its bite in humans causes shock, paralysis and even death, if action is not taken immediately.
Fish chatter
Pisces are considered a model of silence, but in fact they make sounds and communicate through them. Some wheeze, others mumble, and some hiss, whistle, or even crack their bones and clench their teeth. Certainly, vocal cords Fish do not; to produce sound, they use other suitable parts of the body, for example, vibrating muscles near the swim bladder.
Entertaining material for younger students. There are many unusual things in nature
There are about 200 thousand species on earth different fish, more than frogs, newts, toads, salamanders, snakes, lizards, all birds and all animals taken together!
The sizes of fish are very different: from 1 cm to 20 meters. It has been noticed that in small reservoirs fish do not grow as large as in large ones. Whatever the fish is, it’s its own special shape body, your color and your size. There are fish that are thin and long, like a whip, thick and round, like a ball, tiny - the size of an ant, and huge - more than an elephant. There are herbivorous fish, like sheep and goats, and there are carnivorous fish, like tigers and lions.
The body of almost all fish is covered with scales, like chain mail. Fish scales grow throughout their lives, growing in patches. In summer, the fish grows quickly - and the ring on the scales is wide, but in winter it hardly grows - and the ring turns out to be narrow. By the rings, wide and narrow, you can count how many winters there are and how old the fish is.
Fish are perfectly adapted for life in water. No wonder they say: “Pisces are children of water.” Their bodies are streamlined, and this makes swimming easier for them. The gills extract the oxygen needed for breathing from the water. The caudal fin, like an oar, moves the fish in the water. Pebbles - otoliths - float in special chambers in the head; they help the fish maintain balance. Fish have a swim bladder (no one but fish has one!), which helps them dive, surface and soar in the air, and even “talk”. And there's more amazing organ- lateral line. It allows fish to see without eyes and hear without ears. A person has five senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch. And fish have six of them! Sixth - feeling the sideline. The predator is not yet visible or heard, but the fish already feels its approach - with its sides!
The science that studies fish is called ichthyology. Fish are adapted to the place in which they live. Fish that have to swim a lot are slender and streamlined in shape. These include herring, tuna, salmon, sharks, and mullet. Those for whom it is more important to hide more reliably, to be invisible, look like stones, like algae, like lumps of silt. For example, Sea Horses, pipefish, stingrays, gobies.
The coloring of the fish is also very different. There are white, black and brown fish. There are completely colorless, almost transparent. There are many multi-colored fish: striped, speckled, spotted, zigzag. Some fish are colored like chameleons. Flounder on a sandy bottom turns yellow, on a muddy bottom - gray, and on a rocky bottom - spotted. There are fish that turn pale when they are scared and turn red when they are angry.
Birds lay eggs and fish spawn. The eggs hatch into fry. Fish lay eggs in hundreds, thousands, millions. Most of our fish spawn in spring and summer (pike, perch, roach, bream, carp, catfish), some spawn in autumn (salmon, trout), or even in winter (burbot).
The eggs mature on algae, driftwood, and stones. But there are fish that make special nests for eggs. The seahorse and pipefish always carry their eggs with them, in a special pouch on their belly. The fewer eggs a fish lays, the more it cares about them.
There are viviparous fish: sharks, rays, eelpout. They hatch eggs inside the body and immediately spawn live fish. And still most of fish and eggs die. But it would be much worse if a fry hatched from each egg, and a fish grew from each fry. Then all the rivers, seas, lakes and oceans would overflow with fish, and then they would all die from overcrowding and lack of food.
Fishes of the Amur region
In reservoirs Amur region there are up to 60 species of fish. From the sturgeon family in the Amur. Zee, Selemdzha are home to the largest local fish - kaluga and Amur sturgeon. Largest sizes Kaluga - up to 4 m in length and about a ton of weight. From the salmon family, taimen, whitefish, and lenok are found within the region. Cold-loving fish northern regions region - grayling.
Many small representatives of cyprinids live in rivers and lakes: minnows, Amur ide. Valuable commercial fish Cyprinids include grass carp, silver carp, Amur carp, silver carp, and silver carp.
A ubiquitous inhabitant of our reservoirs is pike, reaching up to a meter in length and up to 16 kg in weight. The Amur catfish is widely known. It's predatory night fish. Lives in large rivers and lakes, mainly in the southern regions. The Amur fish of the killer whale family are unique: the creaking killer whale, the whip killer whale, etc. All killer whales are devoid of scales, their skin is covered with poisonous mucus, there are antennae on the upper and lower jaws, and sharp spines in the dorsal and pectoral fins. Interesting fish Cupid is a snakehead. It is found in the riverbed of the Amur, big lakes, in muddy places. Can use atmospheric oxygen for breathing. In the Amur, from the lower reaches to Blagoveshchensk, Chinese perch (auha) is found. This is a typical predator. The only freshwater fish from the cod family found in our reservoirs is burbot.
River Dwellers
Pink salmon is a traveler fish. While it grows, it swims across the seas. But when the time comes to postpone the game, the pink salmon will rush with all its might into the river where it itself was once born. Its path is long and difficult - through waterfalls, shallows and riffles, sometimes crawling on its belly the fish reaches its native channel or stream. It arrives at the spot, digs a hole at the bottom, lays eggs, and, exhausted, dies. When the pink salmon fry hatch from their eggs, they will roll down the river into the ocean.
Ruff is somewhat reminiscent of a hedgehog - just as prickly. Ruff is very tenacious: if you throw it on the ice, it will freeze, but in the warmth it will thaw and float again. Crucian carp is unpretentious. Can live in stagnant water. Eats everything.
Roaches are very similar to swallows - sharp, dexterous and have forked tails. Because of its beautiful red fins, fishermen call the roach rudd.
Tench on land becomes covered with spots and some kind of rags. This mucus on it hardens, flakes off and falls off. The fish got its name from its ability to shed.
Fishermen called the pike the river wolf. She attacks both small fish and large ones if she is hungry. It will drag a gosling or duckling to the bottom. But pike also has one nickname - river orderly. After all, first of all, pike attacks sick fish and thereby cleans water bodies and prevents diseases from spreading.
Riddles about fish
1. Parents and children have all their clothes made of coins. (Fish.)
2. I took the bait without saying “thank you”
An impolite... (fish) swam away somewhere.
3. Wags its tail back and forth, and it is gone, and there is no trace. (Fish.)
4. Brawler and bully in river water lives
And it doesn’t allow little fish to pass through.
Bony and prickly, he doesn’t like to joke,
Even a pike can’t swallow it. (Ruff.)
5. She lives in the water, has no beak, but pecks. (Fish.)
6. All covered in needles, like a hedgehog, what is the name of the fish?... (Ruff.)
7. In rivers, oxbow lakes,
There are many thickets in which,
This fish lives
And lives in quarries,
And he doesn’t avoid ponds
With freezing water.
And it happens to be silver,
And it comes in gold. (Crucian carp.)
8. He lives in the pool itself, the master of the depths,
It has a huge mouth, and its eyes are barely visible. (Som.)
9. At the bottom, where it is quiet and dark, lies a mustachioed log. (Som.)
10. She had a saw in her mouth, she lived under water.
It frightened everyone, swallowed everyone and now ended up in the cauldron. (Pike.)
11. She is the most dangerous of all in the river, cunning, gluttonous, strong.
Besides, she’s so mean! Of course it's... (pike).
12. I am a fish. My whole family lives in the seas
Only in the river - me! (Burbot.)
Poems about fish
Boy Zhenya is a fisherman.
And Zhenya is a fisherman.
Fishing is a passion.
What you use to catch fish is tackle.
There is a worm on the hook - profit.
There's a catch of crucian carp in the scoop.
V. Gusev
Egorka is lucky again!
It’s not in vain that he sits by the river:
Five crucian carp in a bucket
And four minnows.
But look - at the bucket
A sly cat appeared...
How many fishes go home Egorka
Will he bring it to our ear?
V. Torticollis
WHERE DOES THE FISH SLEEP?
It's dark at night, quiet at night.
Fish, fish, where do you sleep?
The fox trail leads to the hole,
The dog's trail goes to the kennel,
Belkin's trail leads to a hollow,
Myshkin - to the hole in the floor.
It’s a pity that it’s in the river on the water
There are no traces of you anywhere.
Only darkness, only silence.
Fish, fish, where do you sleep?
I. Tokmakova
THE MOST-MOST
Who are you?
I'm the best!
Mustached, strong and stubborn!
Whiskered? You must be a cat.
And the strongest one is
That means an elephant.
But does an elephant live in water?
And the cat? He's afraid of water!
But I don’t like it on land.
My warm home is at the bottom of the river.
I'm the very best
I am the very, very, very catfish!
FISHERMAN
Fisherman, angler,
Show off your catch!
I caught a big bream
And burbot - like this!
Two humpbacks, striped
Perch and two tench!
Pike, carp, pike perch...
And in the bucket there are two fry.
V. Musatov
The pike in the river sleeps at the bottom,
A school of fish swims above her.
How can you, fish, not get caught?
A toothy pike in your mouth!
Under the water lilies in silence,
Where it’s not very shallow,
Important breams are walking
The width of a plate.
Quiz about fish
1. Who has both eyes on the same side? (At the flounder.)
2. Who has a mouth on its belly? (At the shark.)
3. Which fox kills fish with its tail? (One of the shark species: it has weak teeth and a very long tail, almost like a body.)
4. Which dog doesn't bark? (There is a dog fish, it does not bark, but bites hard: its caviar and liver are poisonous.)
5. What kind of fish builds a nest? (Stickleback fish.)
6. Who swims tail first? (Pink salmon fry leave the river into the sea with their tail first.)
7. Who flies and not the bird? ( Flying fish can fly more than a hundred meters, flies like a glider.)
8. What fish is domesticated by humans? (Mirror carp.)
9. What kind of fish appearance does it look like a chess piece? (Sea Horse.)
10. What fish have antennae? (Sturgeon, barbel, carp, carp.)
11. What animals sleep with with open eyes? (Fishes have no eyelids, snakes have fused eyelids.)
12. What fish carry weapons on their noses? (Swordfish, sawfish.)
13. What fish are named heavenly bodies? (Moon fish, sun fish.)
14. Which fish live long? (Beluga - up to 100 years, pike - more than 100 years, catfish - up to 60 years.)
15. Which fish swims faster than all other fish? ( Swordfish- 25 m/sec.)
Proverbs, sayings, signs
The fish looks for where it is deeper, and the person looks for where it is better.
You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
Silent as a fish.
Like a fish in water.
Slippery like an eel.
Where there is no pike, the ruff is the master.
Fish jump out of the water - before the rain.
The best
The largest fish on Earth - whale shark, its length is up to 20 meters.
The largest River fish- catfish The length of this predator reaches 5 m, and its weight is more than 300 kg.
The most frost-resistant is rare fish dalliya, or black fish, living in small rivers and swamps of Chukotka, as well as off the coast of Alaska. The reservoirs there freeze to the very bottom. But this does not interfere with the dalia; it buries itself in the silt and spends the winter there, freezing even into the ice. At the same time, it freezes so much that it becomes brittle. It remains in this state throughout the long winter. In the spring she thaws out and continues to live normally!
The smallest fish in our waters is the Berg goby, which inhabits the Black, Azov, Caspian Sea. Bulls 3 cm in size seem like giants among their relatives.
The record holder for jumping among fish is salmon, which overcomes 3-4 m in the air.
Off the coast of Europe, from Black to Barents Sea fish lives angler. In appearance, it lives up to its name. Imagine a one and a half meter tadpole with a huge toothy mouth, a back studded with spines, and skin covered with warts. Front beam dorsal fin- “fishing rod” - stretched out into a flexible rod, at the end of the rod there is a tassel. Half-buried in the sand, the devil tilts the rod in different directions and moves the brush. Once an interested fish approaches, it
instantly disappears into a huge mouth.
Pineapple fish lives in small rivers, lakes in India and on the Philippine Islands. People call it a creeper. When it rains or is hit by morning dew, the Pineapple often gets out of water bodies and travels overland in search of food. The fish crawls, pushing off with its tail, pectoral fins and spines of gill covers, walks hundreds of meters from pond to pond, crawls over stones and fallen trees. And when it happens that the water in the river completely dries up, the slider fish bury themselves in the silt and hibernate.
Another unique fish, the mudskipper, also lives in tropical waters. It can often be seen climbing onto the aerial roots of mangrove trees. The peculiar structure of the pectoral fins allows the fish to quickly jump on land. It's almost impossible to catch up with them.
The leaf fish lives in the rivers of Brazil. Its body is flat, like a leaf, its nose is elongated, like the petiole of a leaf, and on its sides there are patterns similar to leaf veins. And she floats like a dead leaf with the flow. Everyone confuses it with a leaf and doesn’t touch it.
In the tropics there lives a four-eyed fish: each eye is divided in two. The fish swims on the surface and watches the air with the upper halves of its eyes, and the bottom with its lower halves. He sees what is above and what is below - he will not overlook anything.
Piranha means "pirate" in Portuguese. These seemingly harmless fish have powerful, bulldog-like jaws set with strong, sharp teeth. A piranha will instantly bite through a stick as thick as a finger, and it won’t spare the finger itself. If piranhas encounter a swimming boar or bull, they will leave behind a pile of gnawed bones. Even crocodiles are afraid of them. However, they are edible, you just need to catch them carefully.
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