Many myths and legends of the world closely overlap with real events and meetings that cannot be explained. A snowman is one of the most ambiguous figures in history. Although his existence is not proven, there are eyewitnesses, claiming that they met this Yeti.
The origin of the image of Yeti.
The first mentions about the existence of a huge, hairy humanoid creature living in the mountains are found in. There is an entry that a person's uniformity is inhabited on this territory, which has an instinct of survival and self-preservation.
The term "snowy man" first appeared thanks to people who went to the expedition and conquered the snow-covered vertices of Tibetan mountains. They argued that they saw huge traces of snow belonging. Now this term is considered obsolete, since it became known that Yeti prefer mountain forests, not snow.
While the discussion about who such a snow man is a myth or reality, the inhabitants of the Mountain Eastern countries are actively undergoing among the scientists of the whole world, and in particular Tibet, Nepal and some regions of China are absolutely confident in its existence and even often Yeti to contact. In the middle of the XX century The Government of Nepal even recognized the existence of the Yeti at the official level.
By law, one who can detect the habitat of snow people will receive a great cash reward.
On the basis of this, it can be said that the Yeti is a mythical or real human-like animal, inhabitants in the mountain forests of Tibet, Nepal and some other localities.
Description of the appearance of Yeti
From Tibetan legends and observations of eyewitnesses, you can learn a lot about what a snow man looks like. Characteristic features of its appearance:
- Yeti belong to the family of hominids, which includes the most developed individuals of primates, i.e., people and man-like monkeys.
- A feature of such creation is their extremely big growth. The average adult person of this species can reach from 3 to 4.5 m.
- Yeti's hands are disproportionately long and almost reach the feet.
- The whole body of a snowy man is covered with wool. It can be gray or black.
- It is believed that the females of this type of hominids differ so much breast size, which during the rapid movement they have to throw them on their shoulders.
The Yeti family is American and South American Bigfoot. Some sources are called bullets.
Character and lifestyle creatures
Despite its appearance, Yeti is far from aggressive, has a relatively balanced and peace-loving character. Avoid contact with people and deftly climb on trees, like monkeys.
Yeti omnivores, but prefer fruits. Inhabit the caves, but there are assumptions that some species inhabiting deep in the forest are able to build at home on trees.
The hominids are able to develop an unprecedented speed of up to 80 km / h, which is why they are so hard to catch. No attempt to catch Yeti was crowned with success.
Meetings from Yeti in reality
Stories are known many cases of a meeting of man with Yeti. Typically, hunters and people leading such stories are the main active persons of such stories in forest or mountainous terrain.
Yeti is one of the main items of study for people who are fond of cryptozoology. This is a pseudosciential direction that search for evidence of the existence of mythical and legendary creatures. Often crypto-beams are simple enthusiasts without the presence of higher scientific education. They still apply a lot of effort to catch a mythical creature.
For the first time, traces of a snow man were found in the Himalayan mountains in 1899, the Witness was the Englishman on the name Weddo. According to an eyewitness, he did not find an animal.
One of the official mentions about the meeting with Yeti dates back 2014 during a mining expedition of professional climbers. Forwarders conquered the highest point of the Himalayan Mountains - Jomolungma. There, on the top of the top, they first noticed gigantic traces located at a fairly long distance among themselves. Later they saw a wide, hairy figure of a human-like creature that achieved the growth of 4 m.
Scientific refutation of the existence of Yeti
In 2017, Dr. Biological Sciences Peter Kamensky gave an interview for the scientific publication "Arguments and Facts", which argued the impossibility of the existence of Yeti. He used several arguments.
At the moment, there are no places left on Earth. The last major type of primates was opened more than 100 years ago. The outbursts of modern science figures are predominantly rare little plants, etc. Yeti is too big to be able to constantly hide from researchers, zoologists and ordinary settlements of mountainous locations. A large role is played by the population of Yeti. It is clear that to maintain the existence of a separate type in one area, at least several dozen individuals should dwell. Hide such a number of huge hominids The task is not from the lungs.
The overwhelming part of the evidence in favor of the existence of a snowy man turned out to be falsification.
The image of the yeti in mass culture
Like many other folklore and mythical creatures, the image of a snowy person is actively used in art and various manifestations of mass culture. In total. Literature, film industry and computer video games. The character is emphasized both positive and negative features.
Snow man in literature
The character of Yeti is actively used in their works Writers around the world. The image of a huge hairy gominide is found in both fantastic, mystical novels, popular science works and children's books.
One of the main roles of Yeti plays in the novel of American fantastic Frederick Brown "Horror of Himalayas." Events books unfold in the Himalayan mountains during the filming of the movie. Suddenly, the actress, who played a major role in the film, abducts Yeti - a huge human-like monster.
In the fantastic series "Flat World" of the famous British Prose Terry Pratchett, Yeti are one of the main. They are distant relatives of giant trolls living in the terrain of permafrost behind the Ovepik Mountains. They have snow-white wool, can subjugate their time, and their giant feet consider powerful aphrodisiac.
In the children's fantastic novel, Alberto Melis called "In Search of Yeti", the adventure of the team of researchers, who went to Tibetan mountains, are described in order to save a snowy person from the ubiquitous hunters.
Character in computer games
A snowman can be called one of the most frequent characters of computer games. Usually live in tundra and other ice locations. For games, there is a standard image of a snowy person - a creature that resembles something medium between the gorilla and man, a giant growth with snow-white and thick wool. This color helps them effectively disguise in the environment. They lead a predatory lifestyle and represent a danger to travelers. In battle apply gross power. The main fear is the flame.
Bigfut and his story
Bigfoot or Saskvochech is a relative of a Tibetan snowfall, inhabiting the forest and mountainous terrain of the American continent. For the first time, the term appeared at the end of the sixties thanks to the American Bulldozeron Roy Wallace, who discovered the traces around his house, resembling human form, but achieved huge sizes. History of Roy quickly gained popularity in the press, and the animal was recognized as a relative of the Tibetan snow man.
After almost 9 years, Roy introduced a short video material in the media. On the video you can see how the bigfut female moves through the forest. This video was on the examination and all kinds of science figures and not only. Many recognized him with the present.
After the death of Roy, his friends and relatives admitted that all the history of Walhesis were only inventive, and confirmation was falsification.
- For traces, he used ordinary boards cut out in the form of large feet.
- On the video was the wife of a bulldozer, disgraceing into a suit.
- False were the remaining materials that Roy regularly demonstrated the public.
Although the story of Roy turned out to be false, it does not mean that there are no human hominids in America. There are still quite a few stories in which Saskvoch appears as the main acting person. Indians, the indigenous people of America, argue that huge hominids lived on the territory of the continent long before them themselves.
Externally, Bigfut looks almost as well as his Tibetan relative - a snowy man. The main differences is that the maximum growth of the adult individual reaches 3.5 m. The color of the American Big Foot red or brown.
Albert captive at Big Foot
In the seventies, some Albert Ostrana, who worked in Canada's all his life, told his story about how he lived in captivity at the Big Foot family.
At that time, Albert was only 19 years old. After work, he stayed overnight on the outskirts of the forest in a sleeping bag. In the middle of the night someone is huge and strong grabbed the bag along with Albert. As it turned out, Bigfut was stolen and taken into a cave, where the female and two children lived. Creatures did not exist aggressively towards the logger, but rather treated him as people belong to pets. A week later, the guy still managed to escape.
The history of Bigfort on the farm of Michelin
At the beginning of the XX century. In Canada, unusual events took place at the Farm of Family Michelin. For 2 years, they came across Big Foot, which over time simply disappeared. Over time, the Michelin family shared some stories from meetings with this creature.
For the first time with Bigfort, face to face they encountered when their youngest daughter played not far from the forest. There she noticed a big, hairy creature, resembling her man. When Bigfut saw a girl, he headed in her direction. Then she began to shout and fled Men with guns, down to the unknown monster.
The next time the girl saw the hominid when she was doing homemade. There was noon. She raised his eyes to the window, then faced with the view of the Big Fut, who now intently watched her through the glass. This time the girl shouted again. Parents came running towards her assistance and drove the creatures with shots.
The last time Bigfut came to the farm at night. There he ran into dogs who were loudly ledali, because of what he disappeared. After that, the hominid no longer appeared on the farm of Michelin.
History of frozen bigfuta
One of the most sensory stories related to the meeting of man and Yeti is the history of the American military pilot Frank Hansen. In 1968, Frank appeared on the famous touring exhibition. He had an unusual exhibit - a huge refrigerator, inside of which I was lumpy. Inside this block, it was possible to consider the body of a man-like creature coated with wool.
A year later, Frank allowed the two figure of science to study a frozen creature. Over time, the FBI service began to be interested in the FRIA exhibit. They wanted to get a frozen Big Foot corpse, but the mysterious way disappeared for many years.
After the death of Hansen in 2012, his family recognized that Frank had kept a fridge with a frozen corpse for several decades in the basement of his own home. The relatives of the pilot sold the exhibit of Steve Basti, the owner of the museum of oddities.
Professional examination of the exhibit
In 1969, Frank Hansen allowed the Zologs of Euvelmans and Sandersen to inspect the exhibit. They compiled a small scientific work, describing their observations in it.
Hansen refused to talk about where Big Fut's corpse came from, so initially zoologists suggested that he was Neanderthal, who was preserved in the block of ice from the time of the Stone Age. Then it was discovered that the creature died from bullet injury to the head and was in ice no more than 2-3 years.
- The individual was a male, and the growth reached almost 2 m. The peculiarity was that the whole body of the hominid was covered with thick, black-colored wool, which is absolutely not typical for people, even if there are diseases of excessive hair.
- The proportions of the Big Foot body are pretty close to human, but more resemble the physique of Neanderthal. Wide shoulders, too short neck, convex chest. The limbs were also distinguished by their prehistoric proportions: the legs are shorter than human, curved, and their hands are too long and almost replete to the tide of the hominid.
- Big Foot features also resemble the appearance of Neanderthal.
- Little forehead, a big mouth without lips, a large nose with bloated eyebrows that are strongly found.
- The feet and palms are much larger and wider than human, and your fingers are shorter.
Recognition of Frank Hansen
There he wrote that one day went to the mountain forests to hunt. He went along the trail of a deer, whom he drove for some time and completely unexpectedly saw his shocking picture. Three huge hominids covered with black wool from head to feet were stood around the dead deer with a suspicious belly and happressed his inside. One of them noticed Frank and headed for a hunter. Frightened, the man shot him right in his head. Hearing the sound of a shot, two other big patches fled.
Instruction
Science Cryptozoology is full of various secrets and riddles regarding the existence of those or other animals. Among them are a snowy man, or Yeti. This creation is perhaps one of the most amazing mysteries of modern humanity. As soon as they do not call a snowy person in the modern world: he is Saskvatch in Canada, in North America - Bigfoot, and in Australia - Yaui.
Currently, enthusiasts have collected a great many of all sorts of information, testifying to people meetings with this huge and cosmatic creature resembling a person. At the same time, most of these meetings allegedly occurred in the hard-to-reach areas of the planet, where the person's leg almost did not go.
One of the most common indirect confirmations of the existence of a snow man is considered to be allegedly his traces left in the snow or soft ground, as well as the shreds of the alleged wool. The researchers examined and classified hundreds of such observations were studied, but so far the evidence of its existence is never represented. In the process of studying, the Yeti was investigated by many caves in a variety of corners of the world.
It is curious that in the Russian cave of Aigul, located in Altai, scholars, speleologists discovered strange rock coarse on which the snow man was depicted. Moreover, scientists who studied vintage handwritten books from some Altai monasteries argue that they also have images of these mysterious hairy human-like creatures. But the basic information of the existence of a snow man is not rock paintings and books, but photos, amateur video filming, casts from huge prints of unknown whose feet and, of course, numerous eyewitness testimony.
Unfortunately, the lion's share of such "evidence" is scientific inaccuracies, confused information or intentional fakes. Even the wool, which many hunters were issued for the hair of Yeti, after careful study turned out to be deer or bearish. That is why there is still no official confirmation of the existence of a snowy person! It is worth noting that numerous certificates of meetings from Yeti are so picturesque and bright that many people have practically no doubt about their true authenticity, despite the lack of significant evidence.
There is an interesting opinion on the existence of a snow man. Some zoologists and anthropologists believe that Yeti is a relic hominid. In their opinion, a snow man is a mammal belonging to the detachment of primates, but to the nature of people. They do not exclude that Yeti miraculously remained from prehistoric times to the present. It is curious that for the capture of a snow man, the current governor of the Kemerovo Region Aman Tuleyev promises to pay a remuneration of 1 million rubles.
There are many unknown and unexplored in the world. One of the controversial topics for scientists is a snowy person, disputes are being conducted, who he is from where it appeared. Various opinions and versions are expressed, and each of them has its rationale.
Is there a snowman?
And and no, it depends on whom and for what features include this category of living organisms:
- There are several of its names, for example, Saskvochech, Yeti, Almate, Bigfut and a number of others. It dwells high in the mountains in the territory of Central and Northeast Asia, as well as in the Himalayas, but there is no reliable confirmation of its existence;
- There is an opinion of Professor B. F. Porshnev that it is the so-called relict (preserved since ancient times) hominid, that is, refers to the instrument of primates, which includes a person as a biological genus and kind;
- Academician A. B. Migdal in one of his articles brought the opinion of the ocean scientist regarding the reality of the Loch Nesky monster and a snowy person. Its essence was that there is no reason to believe in it, despite the fact that I would very much like: the basis of the scientific approach is its proof;
- According to the Paleontologist K. Yesakova, this subject in principle can dwell in certain natural ranges. At the same time, according to the zoologist, the location of the beings in this case should be known and studied by professionals.
It is also expressed by the view that snow man is a representative of an alternative branch of the evolution of the human race.
What does a snow man look like?
The descriptions of the Yeti do not differ in a large variety:
- The creature has a similar human face with dark skin, rather long hands, with a short neck and thighs, heavy lower jaw, a pointed shape of the head. The muscular and dense body is covered with thick hair, which in length is shorter than the hair cover on the head. The body length varies from the usual average human growth and up to about 3 meters altitudes;
- There is a big dexterity at climbing on trees;
- The length of the feet, according to the available information, is up to 40 cm in length and 17-18 and even up to 35 cm in width;
- In the descriptions there are information that the palm of the yeti is also covered with wool, and they themselves are like monkeys;
- In one of the districts of Abkhazia in the second half of the 19th century, a wild woman who overgrown with his hair lived, which had children from men from the local population.
Stories about the meetings with a snowman are accompanied by a description of huge, overgrown wool creatures, which suggest fear and horror, from which people can even lose consciousness or get psyche disorder.
Who are cryptosisologists and what do they do?
The term is formed from the words "Cryptos", which is translated from Greek as hidden, secret, and "zoology" - to all the well-known science of the animal world, which is both a person:
- In the late 80s of the last century, in our country, enthusiasts created a society of cryptozoologists engaged in the search and study of a snow man as a special branch of human-like creatures, preserved from ancient times and existing in parallel with the "intelligent man";
- It is not included in academic science, although at one time it was "assigned" to the Ministry of Culture of the Soviet Union. One of the most active founders of the Company was the doctor M.- J. Kofman, the participant of the expedition to the Pamir on the search for a snowman organized through the Academy of Sciences in 1958, and a member of the Special Commission, which included famous scientists in the field of geology, nerds, anthropology, physics;
- Professor BF F. Porshnev, who considered this problem not only from the point of view of paleontology, was played a huge role in the development of the relic hominids, but also included a worldview approach here, based on the social role of a modern person, in contrast to his purely biological functions.
This society exists and today, and its members publish their work.
How to call hominids correctly?
The name "Snowman" appeared in the 20s of the last century, and on one of the versions, due to the inaccuracy of the translation:
- It does not suggest that the creature constantly lives in the snow of the highlands, although it can appear there during their movements and transitions. At the same time, food finds below this zone, in forests and meadows;
- Boris Fedorovich Porshnev believed that this creation attributable to the family of hominids, not only can not be associated with snow, but also, by and large, no reason to call a person In the sense, as we understand it. Residents of the districts in which studies were conducted are not consumed. The scientist generally considered this term random and not corresponding to the essence of the subject of study;
- Professor Geographic E. M. Murzaev mentioned in one of the works that the name "Snowman" was the literal translation of the word "Bear" from some languages \u200b\u200bof the peoples of Central Asia. Many it was found in the literal sense, which brought the well-known confusion of concepts. It quotes in its work about Tibet L. N. Gumilev.
In different regions of the country and the world, he has many local "names".
Theme of a snowy person in art
It is present in various legends and legends, is the "hero of" artistic tapes and animated films:
- In the role of a snowman in the folklore of the northern peoples of Siberia spoke half a fantastic "Stray Chukchi". The indigenous and Russian population believed in its existence;
- About wild people called chuchuns and mülenami, Says Yakut and Evenki folklore. These characters wore animal skins, had long hair, high height and inseparable speech. They were very strong, quickly ran, wearing onions and arrows with them. Could steal food or deer, attack a person.
- Russian scientist and writer Peter Dranhert in the 1930s based on local stories published an article about these, as he called, primitive, people. At the same time, its reviewer of xenophon believed that this information relates to the field of vintage belief of Yakuts who believed in spirits;
- On the topic of a snowy person, several films belonging to different genres were shot: from horrors to comedy. These include the film Eldar Ryazanov "Man nowhere", a number of American paintings, a German cartoon "Star in Himalayas".
In the city of Bhutan, the tourist route is laid in the mountains, called the "Snow Man's Path".
Straight, as in the verses of Marshak about an unknown hero, whom everyone is looking for, but can not find. Even know how his name is a snowy man. Who is this - just until it is not possible to determine, and whether it exists in principle.
6 rare rollers about Yeti
In this video, Andrei Voloshin will show rare personnel, proving the existence of a snow man:
Description
In the testimony of meetings with "snow people", the creatures that differ from the modern man with a more dense physique, a pointed shape of the skull, longer hands, low neck and massive lower jaw, relatively short hides, with thick hair around Body - black, red, white or gray-colored. Dark face. On the head hair is longer than on the body. Mustache and beard are very rare and short. Good climb on the trees. The assumptions were expressed that the mountain populations of snowy people live in the caves, forest build nests on the branches of trees. Karl Linney designated him as Homo Troglodytes. (Cave man). Very fast. It can overtake the horse, and on two legs, and in water - the motor boat. Omnivore, but prefers vegetable food, apples love very much. Eyewitnesses described meetings with specimens of various growth, from the middle human up to 3 m or more.
Views O. snow man And its various local counterparts are very interesting from the point of view of ethnography. The image of a huge terrible person can reflect the inborn fears in front of darkness, unknown, relations with mystical forces from different nations. It is possible that in some cases for snow people People with unnatural hairproof or wild people were accepted.
origin of name
He was named a snowy man thanks to a group of climbers who conquered Everest. They discovered the disappearance of food reserves, then heard a heartbreaking cry, and a chain of traces similar to human ones appeared on one of the snow-covered slopes. The tenants explained that this is a Yeti, a terrible snowman, and categorically refused to break the camp in this place. Since then, Europeans call it a snowy creature.
Existence
Most of the modern scientists are skeptical about the possibility of the existence of a snow man.
... He said about a snowy man: "I really want to believe, but there is no reason." The words "no reason" mean that the issue has been studied, and as a result of the study, it was discovered that there was no reason to trust the initial statements. This is: And there is a formula of a scientific approach: "I want to believe", but once "there is no reason", then you need to refuse this faith.
Academician A. B. Migdal from guess to truth.
The attitude of a professional biologist to the question of the possibility of the existence of a "snow man" illustrated the Paleontologist Kirill Eykov in a popular article:
I, at least, are unknown by the laws of nature, which would have imposed a direct ban on the existence in the Mountains of the Central Asian Relician hominoid - "Monkey, or just a major man monkey. With eternal snow, he must assume that, contrary to his name, is not connected in any way (except that sometimes leaves there tracks), and it should have to dwell on the belt of mountain forests, where enough foods and shelters are. It is clear that any messages about North American "Big Futs" with a calm conscience will not read without reading (for no primates on that continent there are never and never happened, but to go there from Asia through the Supolar Berringia, as people did, you need to at least have Fire), but in the Himalayas or on the Pamir - why not? There are even quite plausible candidates for this role, for example, Megantrope is a very large (about two meters in growth) fossil monkey from South Asia, who has a number of "human" features that bring it closer to African Australopithek, right ancestors of the hominid [...]
So, do I admit (as a zoologist-professional) the principal possibility of the existence of a relic hominoid? - Answer: "Yes." Do I believe in his existence? - Answer: "No." And since it was not about "I know / don't know," and I do not know about "I believe /", I will allow myself to express a complete subjective judgment, based on personal experience: [...] where the professional foot came, nor One animal larger rat has a single chance to remain "unknown science." Well, because by the end of the twentieth century places where the foot of a professional would not go at all, read, no longer left (at least on land) - draw conclusions ...- "Cryptuha, sir!", Article. Kirill Eykov, Computerra, 13.03.07, №10 (678): p. 36-39.
Currently, there is not a single representative of the species living in captivity, not a single skeleton or skins. Nevertheless, allegedly there are hair, footprints and several dozen photos, video recordings (poor quality) and audio recordings. The accuracy of these evidence is in doubt. For a long time, a short film shot by Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin in 1967 in Northern California was considered one of the most convincing evidence. On the film, as stated, a snowy female is captured. However, in 2002, after the death of Ray Wallace, for which this shooting was made, testimonies of his relatives and acquaintances, who told (however, without presenting any physical evidence) appeared, that the whole story with the American Yeti was from the beginning and to the end is falsified; Sorokasantimeter "Traces of Yeti" was made by artificial forms, and the film was a staged episode with a man in a specially sewn monkey costume.
However, it should be noted that Patterson's film caused genuine interest to researchers of the National Geographic Channel TV channel. In the "Reality or Fiction" heading (Ether in December 2010), an attempt was made to study and explore the Patterson film in terms of the possibility of its falsification. Experts were attracted by experienced grimerals, a high actor, imitating the gait, specialists in special effects and scientists. The appearance of the creature in the film, its wool adjacent to the muscles, the proportions of the limbs, the dynamics of the movement, took into account the distance of the shooting, etc. As a result, according to the unanimous opinion of the attracted experts, even at the modern level of development of the media industry and video effects, not to mention Already about the level of 1967, it is almost impossible to achieve such an extent of the realism of the plot of a snowy person.
On the other hand, the enthusiasts of this topic can be heard of the charges of "official science" in the fact that its representatives simply disappear from the evidence available. Here is the characteristic text of this kind:
In fact, those who say "no reason" simply do not want to even familiarize themselves with the fact that the researchers enthusiasts are "nary". "In the history we are the darkness of examples." I will give only two. When Canadian Rene Dakhinden at the end of 1971 brought us a copy of the film shot by Patterson in 1967, I personally approached the then director of the Anthropology Institute of Moscow State University V. P. Yakimov and offered to show the film to him and staff of the institute, he literally put his hand forward would stick away from the provision said; "Not! Do not!" But it did not prevent him from claiming that there was no reason ...
And when at the international symposium, on which he (Yakimov), Professor Astanan went to the stands in order to present the materials of the anatomical study of Yeti's anatomical study from the Pangboche monastery (Tibet), Yakimov did not give him to talk and drove it from the stands in violation of democratic traditions of such forums - Under the protesters of exclamations of participants ... As a result, some of them left the meeting of the symposium.
And a recent example: when I arrived from the United States after a five-week "investigative" of events on the Carter Farm in the fall of 2004, where, according to the hostess, the Big Foot clan died, and suggested to speak and talk about the results in the department of anthropology of the Institute of Ethnology RAS, his head. S. Vasiliev ran away under the pretext of employment by other issues.
At the same time, when there was noise in the press on the existence of a "snow man" in the mountains of Shoria (South of the Kemerovo region), then the same Vasilyev was owned by: "Alas, we do not have the data on the existence of human-like, anywhere in the world"…
Igor Burtsev, Cand. East. Sciences, Director of the International Center Hominology, Moscow.
Much attention was paid to the topic of a snowy man. Soviet scientist B. F. Porshnev.
Commission of the Academy of Sciences on the study of the issue of "Snezhny man"
Members of the Commission Zh.-M. I. Kofman and Professor B. F. Porshnev and other enthusiasts continued to actively engage in the search for a snowy person or his traces.
Society of cryptozoologists
Mentions in history and literature
Abstract snowy man drawing.
There are numerous images of creatures like a snow man (on the subjects of art of ancient Greece, Rome, ancient Armenia, Carthage and Etruscans and medieval Europe) and mention, including in the Bible (in Russian translation shaggy), Ramayana ( rakshasa), in the poem, Nizami Ganjevi "Iskander-Nona", folklore of different nations ( faun, satyrand silen In ancient Greece, yet. on Tibet, in Nepal and Bhutan, guli Bani. in Azerbaijan cucuchens, Chuchanaa in Yakutia almam in Mongolia enemy (野人 ), maowny (毛人) and jenshun (人 熊) in China, kiik Adam and albastov In Kazakhstan , led, shish and shishiga among the Russians div. in Persia (and Ancient Rus), chugayster. in Ukraine , virgin and albastov on the Pamir, shuraile and yarymtyk from Kazan Tatars and Bashkir, arsuri In the Chuvash, pitz from the Siberian Tatars, abnaauay in Abkhazia , saskvoche In Canada , therek, girkychavilin, mirughda, kiltanya, arynch, arysa, rECKEM, julia on Chukotka, batatuta, sedap and orangpendek on Sumatra and Kalimantane, agogve., kakundakari. and ki-Lomba in Africa, etc.). In the folklore appear in the form of satirs, demons, devils, led, water, mermaids, etc.
Opponents of the existence of a snowman, to which most professional biologists and anthropologists include, indicate the lack of unequivocal confirmations (living individuals or their remains, high-quality photos and videos) and the ability to arbitrary interpretation of existing evidence. References to a well-known biological fact: the long existence of the population requires a minimal number of about hundreds of individuals whose vital activity, according to critics, simply cannot be invisible and not leaving numerous traces. Explanation of evidence generally reduced to the next set of versions:
Links
see also
Notes
- K. Eykov. "Cryptuha, sir!"
- Movie Patterson
- B. F. Pisthennev Contemporary state of the question of relice hominoids Viniti, Moscow, 1963
- Soviet "snowy man." Magazine "Results"
- Zhanna-Maria Cofman
- see for example, "Popular Biological Dictionary", 1991, ed. Academy of Sciences, edited by Corresponding Member A. V. Yablokova
- V. B. Sapunov, Dr. Biol. Snowy man science in two dimensions, or alternative to the noosphere
- J. Kofman at the origins of the new science (to the 40th anniversary of the release of the monographs of Professor B. F. Porshnev "The current state of relic hominoids" Viniti 412 since 1963) Magazine "Median" No. 6 2004
- Kazakhstan chronicle "P" year 1988
- Trachherthertz M. S. Habitard Primates of the View of Alamas Magazine "Natural and Technical Sciences" ISSN 1684-2626, 2003, No. 2, p.71-76
- Dmitri Bayanov, Igor Bourtsev In The Footsteps of the Russian Snowman 240 Pages "Pyramid Publications" 1996 ISBN 5-900229-18-1 ISBN 978-5-900229-18-8 (eng.)
- B. A. Shurinov Paradox of the XX century "International Relations" 315pro. 1990 ISBN 5-7133-0408-6
- The Russian biologist considers Saskwacha and other Yeti the same oligofrens.
- Baiko V. B., Berezina M. F., Bogatyreva E. L., and others. Great encyclopedia of the animal world: scientific-pop. Edition for children. - M.: ZAO "Rosman-Press", 2007. - 303 p. UDC 087.5, BBC 28.6, p. 285.
, Ramayana ("Rakshasa"), folklore of different nations (Favn, Satir and Silen in ancient Greece, Yeti on Tibet and Nepal, Biang-Guli in Azerbaijan, Chuchunna, Chuchuaa in Yakutia, Almam in Mongolia, Ierose, Maoren and Yen Hsung in China, Kiikadam and Albaste in Kazakhstan, Leshel, Shish and Shishiga among the Russians, Div in Persia (and Ancient Russia), virgas and Albasti on the Pamirs, Shuraile and Yarymtyk at Kazan Tatars and Bashkir, Arsuri in Chuvash, Pitz Siberian Tatars, Saskvochet in Canada, Tairk, Girkychavilin, Mirygda, Kiltany, Arynk, Arys, Rack, Julia on Chukotka, Batatuta, Sedap and Orangpendek on Sumatra and Kalimantane, Agogn, Kakundakari and Ki-Lubba in Africa, etc.) .
Plutarch wrote that there was a case of the capture of satire by the soldiers of the Roman commander Sulla. Diiodor Sicilian argued that Tirana Dionia was sent several satriots. These strange creatures were depicted on Vases of ancient Greece, Rome and Carthage.
On the silver jug \u200b\u200bof the Etruscans, located in the Roman Museum of the Prehistoric Epoch, the scene is depicted when armed horses hunters pursue a huge monkey man. And in the Psaltre Queen Mary, relating to the XIV century, depicted an attack of pieces of pieces on the coated man's coated.
Eyewitnesses of a snowy man
At the beginning of the 15th century, the Turks captured a European-named Hans Schiltenberger in captivity and sent him to the courtyard of Tamerlane, who handed the prisoner in the Mongolian Prince's match. Schiltenberger was still able to return to Europe in 1472 and published about his adventures a book in which, among other things, mentioned wild people:
A wild tribe does not have anything in common in the mountains, having nothing to do with all other people. The skin of these creatures is covered with wool, which is not only on their palms and faces. They jump in the mountains as wild animals, feed on foliage, grass and everything that can be found. The local ruler was presented to the gift of two forest people - a man and a woman captured in dense thickets.
The Indians of the North-West of the United States and Western Canada believe in the existence of wild people. In 1792, the Spanish botanist and the naturalist José Mariano Mosigno wrote:
I do not know what to say about Matlose, a resident of the mountainous terrain, leading to all in an indescribable horror. According to the descriptions, it is a real monster: its body is covered with a rigid black bristle, the head resembles human, but much large sizes, fangs are more powerful and sharpering the bear, the hands of an incredible length, and on the fingers and legs - long curved claws.
Turgenev and President of the United States personally faced a snowman
Our compatriot, Great Writer Ivan Turgenev, hunting in Polesie, personally faced a snowman. He spoke about this Flaub and Moopassana, and the latter described it in his memoirs.
« Being still young, he (Turgenev) somehow hunted in the Russian forest. He wandered all day and in the evening went to the coast of a quiet river. She flowed under the shadow of trees, all overgrown with grass, deep, cold, clean. The hunter covered an insurmountable desire to plunge into this transparent water.
Understanding, he rushed into her. It was high height, strong, strong and fastened well. He calmly surrendered to the will of the current, which was quietly carried away. Herbs and roots hung his body, and a slight touch of stems was nice.
Suddenly, someone's hand touched his shoulder. He quickly turned around and saw a strange creature that looked at him with greedy curiosity. It looked like a woman, not the monkey. He had a wide wrinkled grimacing and laughing face. Something indescribable - two of some bag, obviously chest, - came in front. Long-matted hair, stretched from the sun, framed the face and fluttering behind her back.
Turgenev felt wild, chilling fear of supernatural. Without thinking, not trying to understand, to comprehend what it is, he walked his best to the shore. But the monster sailed even faster and with joyful squeal concerned his neck, back and legs.
Finally, the young man, distraught from fear, got to the shore and rushed to run through the forest, throwing clothes and gun. A strange creature followed him. It ranks just as quickly and still had time.
Exhausted fugitive - his legs were drunk from horror - she was already ready to fall, when the boy was sought armed with a whip, her flock of goats. He began to whip the disgusting human-like beast, which was empty, making cries of pain. Soon this is a creature similar to the female gorilla, disappeared in the thickets».
As it turned out, the shepherd has already seen this creature. He told Barina that it was just a local youting, which had long gone to live in the forest and completely there was a wild. Turgenev, however, noticed that it does not grow wool on the whole body.
Mets with a snowman and US President Theodore Roosevelt. He included this story, artistically processed, in his book "Wild Beasts Hunter". The action of the story takes place in the beet clocks, between the states of Idaho and Montana. From there, by the way, there are still evidence of meetings with snow people.
In the first half of the XIX century, the trapper (that is, the hunter, the capacanis) Bauman and his comrade investigated the wild gorge. Their camp constantly ruined some kind of huge creature, moving to two, and not on four legs. The attacks took place either at night or during the day in the absence of hunters, and therefore it was not possible to consider the creature. One day, Comrade remained in the camp, and Bauman, returning, found him confused. The traces surrounding the body were identical to human, but looked much more.
Children of a snowy man
A very curious meeting with Big Foot in 1924 was expected by Lesoruba Albert Islant. He spent the night in a sleeping bag in the forest under Vancuer. Big Foot Grabbed him, right in the bag put himself on his shoulder and carried. He walked three hours and brought Islant to the cave, where, besides his wife, his wife and two children were still.
There is a lumberjack, but they accepted quite hospitably: they offered to eat spruce shoots, which snow people were fed. Ostman refused and lasted a week on canned from his backpack, which big Foot Prudently captured with me.
But soon Ishman realized what the cause of such hospitality was: he was prepared in the husband of the already grown daughter of the head of the family. Representing the wedding night, Ostman decided to risk and sank into the food tobacco's hospitable owners.
While those rinsed their mouths, he rushed from the cave from all his feet. For many years he did not tell anyone about his adventure and questions where the whole week disappeared, simply dismissed. But when we went about the talk about the snowy people, the tongue of the old man was unleashed.
Yeti woman
It was documented that in the XIX century in Abkhazia in the village of Tyn, there lived a woman in the village, similar to a snowy man and had several children from people, subsequently normally integrated into human society. This is how her eyewitnesses described:
The reddish wool covered her grayish-black skin, and the hair on his head was longer than on the whole body. She published inseparable shouts, but he could not learn speech. Her close-up with protruding cheekbones, strongly outstanding jaws, powerful abrasion arcs and large white teeth was distinguished by a fierce expression.
In 1964, Boris Porshnev, the author of the book about the relic hominide, met with some granddaughters. According to his description, the skin of these granddaughters - the name of their chalikwa and Taya was a dark, nozzide type, chewing muscles are highly developed, and the jaws are extremely powerful.
Pisthen even managed to ask the villagers, which, being children, attended the funeral in the 1880s.
The Russian zoologist K. A. Satunin, who in 1899 saw the female of the relic hominid in the Talysh mountains in the south of the Caucasus, draws attention to the fact that "the movements of the creature were completely human."
Snowy man in captivity
In the 20s of the 20th century, several people were caught in Central Asia yet., imprisoned and after unsuccessful interrogations are shot like Basmachi.
Known story of the supervisor of this prison. He watched two big Futilocated in the chamber. One was young, healthy, strong, he could not accept non-free and raging all the time. Another old, sitting calmly. They did not eat anything other than raw meat. When someone from the commanders saw that the warden feeds these prisoners only raw meat, he stuck him:
- It is impossible so, after all, people ...
According to people who participated in the fight against Basmachs, there were still about 50 such subjects, which, as a result of their "wild" hazard, did not imagine the danger for the population of Central Asia and the revolution, and they were very difficult to catch them.
It is known to testify by the Lieutenant Colonel of the Medical Service of the Soviet Army B. C. Karapetyan, who in 1941 made an inspection of a living snow man caught in Dagestan. He described his meeting with Yeta so:
« Together with the two representatives of the local authorities, I entered the barn ... So far I see, as if I reveal, which arose in front of my male creature, completely naked, barely.
Without a doubt, it was a man, with a completely human body, despite the fact that his breasts, her back and shoulders covered the darketable wool of a dark brown color 2-3 centimeters long, very similar to the bear.
Below the chest the wool was less likely and softer, and on the palms and soles it was not at all. On the wrists with the furnace leather only rare hair, but the magnificent head of the head, very rude to the touch, went down to the shoulders and partly covered the forehead.
Although the whole face covered rare vegetation, beard and mustache were absent. Rare, short hair also grew around the mouth.
The man stood completely straight, dropping his hands on the seam. His height was slightly above average - about 180 cm, however, he seemed to be touched by me, standing with a mighty chest. And in general, he was much larger than any local resident. His eyes did not exceed absolutely nothing: empty and indifferent, it was an animal's eyes. Yes, in fact, he was an animal, no more».
Unfortunately, during the retreat of our army, the hominid was shot.
Snowy man in the Himalayas
But the snowy people from Himalayas became most famous, relic hominids are called the objective "Yeti".
For the first time on these unusual inhabitants of the mountains, it became known from the notes of English officers and officials who served in India. The author of the first mention is considered B. Khodjson, from 1820 to 1843 the Plenipotentiary representative of Great Britain at the court of the King Nepal. He described in a detail in detail how, during his journey along the Northern Nepal, the porters came to horror, seeing a hairy elderly creature similar to a person.
Several Buddhist monasteries claim that they keep the remains of Yeti, including scalps. Western researchers have long been interested in these relics, and in 1960, Edmund Hillary managed to get a scalp from the Humbung Monastery for scientific expertise.
At about the same time, relics were investigated and from several Tibetan monasteries. In particular, a mummified hand of a snowy man. The results of the examination many were questioned, and there were supporters of versions of both fakes and incomprehensible artifact.
Snow people hiding in Pamir caves
Major General of the Soviet Army M. S. Topilsky recalled, as in 1925 he pursued with his part of the snowy people who hid in the Pamir caves. One of the prisoners told that in one of the caves on him and his comrades, several creatures were attacked, similar to human monkeys. Topilsky examined the cave, where he discovered the corpse of a mysterious creature. In his report, he wrote:
« At first glance it seemed to me that this is really a human monkey: wool covered the body from head to feet. However, I know perfectly well that man-like monkeys on the Pamirs are not found.
Looking around, I saw that the corpse resembles human. We twisted wool, suspecting that it was a masking, but it turned out to be natural and belonged to the creature.
Then we measured the body, turning it on his stomach several times and again on the back, and our doctor examined it carefully, after which it became apparent that the human body was not.
The body belonged to the creature of the male floor, the growth of about 165-170 cm, judging by the promise of several places, - medium or even old age ... his face was dark color, without mustache and beard. On the temples were gallows, and the head was covered with thick, tangled hair.
The dead man lay with open eyes, poking teeth. The eyes were dark color, and the teeth are large and smooth, in the form resembling human. Low forehead, with powerful abnormal arcs. Strongly protruding cheekbones did the face of the creature of the Mongoloid. The nose is flat, with a deeply concave nose. Ears without hair, pointed, and the mushcies are longer than a person. The lower jaw is extremely massive. The creature possessed a powerful chest and well-developed muscles».
Snowy man in Russia
There were many meetings with a snowman and in Russia. The most remarkable, perhaps, occurred in 1989 in the Saratov region. Storesby the collective farm garden, having heard a suspicious noise in the branches, caught a squeaking apples a kind of man-like creature, in all signs similar to the notorious Yeti.
However, it turned out when the stranger was already connected: before that, the guard thought it was just thieves. When they were convinced that the stranger does not understand the human language, and indeed it is not too similar to a person, they plunged him into the trunk "Zhiguli" and caused police, press and power. But Yeti managed to unleached, opened the trunk and ran away. When after a few hours all the arrived arrivals in the collective farm garden, the guard was in a very awkward position.
Snowy man shot on video
Actually, certificates of meetings of different proximity with a snowman hundreds. Much more interesting testimony material. Two researchers managed to remove a snowy person in 1967 on the film. These 46 seconds have become a real sensation in the world of science. Professor D. D. Donskoy, Head of the Department of Biomechanics of the Central Institute of Physical Education, comments on this short film like this:
« After multiple consideration of the gait of a two-legged creature and a detailed study of poses on photographic printing with a film, it remains an impression of a well-automated, high-entertaining system of movements. All private movements are combined into a single integer, in a well-established system. Sophisticated movements are repeated equally from step to step, which can be explained only by the steady interaction of all muscle groups.
Finally, it can be noted such a sign that is not amenable to the exact description as expressiveness of movements ... This is typical for deeply automatic movements with their high perfection ...
All this together takes place to estimate the nature of the creature as a natural, without noticeable signs of artificiality characteristic of various kinds of deliberate imitation. Considered walking of a creature for a person is completely atypical».
English Biomechanics Dr. D. Griev, quite skeptical about relic hominids, wrote:
« The possibility of fake is excluded».
After the death of one of the authors of the film, Patterson, his film was declared fake, but no evidence was presented. It is worth a recognition that the notorious yellow press in pursuit of sensations is often not only inventing them, but he loves and expose past, both imaginary and valid. Do not recognize this film with documentary yet no reasons.
Despite the set of evidence (sometimes from people who deserve absolute confidence), the absolute majority of the scientific world refuses to recognize the existence of a snowy person. The reasons are that so far, the bones of wild people have not been discovered, not to mention the lively wild man.
Meanwhile, a number of examinations (we talked about some above) allowed to conclude that the remains presented could not belong to any recognized science. What is the matter? Or again we come across the progressive lies of modern science?
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