Subject: organs and systems of plant organs. The escape. Laboratory work number 1. "The external structure of the escape of plants. The structure of the vegetative and generative kidney "The purpose of the lesson: familiarization with the main organs of plants, the study of the structure and development of escape from the kidneys. Tasks: Educational:
Become acquainted with the vegetative and generative organs of plants;
Recove the content of the concept of "escape"
Teach distinguishing vegetative kidneys from generative.
Developing:
Develop the ability to compare, analysis, generalization;
Develop communicative skills and skills.
Form an idea of \u200b\u200bthe deployment process of the kidney;
Teach recognize vegetative and generative shoots and kidneys.
Educational:
Continue work on the formation of scientific worldview.
Wood formation:
Personal Wood:
The establishment of communication between educational activities and the motive.
Regulatory Wood:
Learn to plan, build an activity algorithm, make forecasting;
Teach self-esteem, self-control work;
Learning to work according to the sample, according to the algorithm.
Communicative Wood:
Develop the attention of students;
Teach the ability to listen and write down the content and explanation of the teacher or the student's answer;
Teaching the issue.
Cognitive Wood:
Work on the formation of logical skills:
Synthesis analysis;
Comparison;
Generalizations and classifications;
Proof of;
Nomination hypotheses and their rationale;
Building a chain of reasoning.
2. Reading and working with text.
Equipment: ICT.
Concepts: Escape, vegetative and generative kidney
LESSON STRUCTURE: 1. Organization 2. Target installation 3. Actualization of reference knowledge 4. Studying a new topic + execution L.R. 5. Final fix 6. Homework 7. Comment
During the classes:
date : ___________
Laboratory work number 1
Subject: The external structure of the escape of plants. The structure of vegetative and generative kidney
Purpose: get acquainted with the structure of the kidneys and their location on the stem.
Equipment: cuttings of the shoots of trees (poplar, birch, lilac, elderberry, rowan, kleon), shrubs (currants, gooseberries, raspberries, blackberries); Herbarian copies of plants; blades, magnifiers; Tables: "Building the kidney", "Development of a shoot of kidneys"; Tutorial drawings on with. 72-73.
1. Open albums for laboratory work and make records:
Authorities that provide basic processes of vegetable organism: nutrition, growth, breathing, isolation, called vegetative.
The main vegetative organs of plants - escape and root.
In addition to vegetative, plant has generative bodies - breeding bodies.
These include: flower, fruit, seed.
The escape - This is a stem with leaves and kidneys located on it.
The presence of leaves - the main difference between the root stem .
The kidneys can be the top and side.
The tops are located on the top of the escape, the side - on his sides above each sheet.
The angle between the sheet and the above part of the stem is called a sinus sheet, and the side kidneys that are in the sinuses of the leaves - stool.
The stalk plot on which the leaf and stuffed kidney are called the node. It is usually thicker of interstice - a plot of stem between two nodes.
Thus, escape consists of repetitive sites: interstitial, knots with leaves and kidneys.
Such a structure has vegetative shoots.
Draw Escape and make notation in the laboratory album.
Fig. 1 Building escape
Draw a vegetative and generative kidney and make notation in the laboratory album.
Fig. 2 Structure of vegetative and generative kidney plants
Spring kidney on shoots swell.
Inside the kidneys occurs intensive growth of all its parts, especially leaves and interstitial.
For some time, scales remain tightly closed. Then they are moving away and green rolled leaves of a young escape appear.
In the future, kidney scales when deploying the kidneys are falling.
On the stem from the fallen scales remain the scars in the form of rings - renal rings. You can calculate the age of the branches of trees and shrubs.
General structure of plants
Plants whose body is formed by different organs called higher plants or lombaled .
Seed Definition
Seed - This is the organ reproduction and plant resettlement.
seed poppy
seed seychelles Palma
Seed External structure
Outside the seed has dense cover - peel .
- from damage;
- from drying;
- from the penetration of pathogenic organisms.
seed bombing
(beans)
one-bedroom seed
(wheat)
Seed Internal structure
Seed Germination of seeds
In monocoons underground germination of seeds, and in bobbers - overhead .
Monocoan - mainly herbs, less often trees, shrubs and liauns (lily, tulip, aloe, lily of the lily, onions, garlic, wheat, corn, rye, oats, millet)
Dichomotic - Cabbage, radish, radish, apple tree, raspberry, cherry, strawberry, beans, peas, potatoes, pepper, tomato, sunflower.
Root Definition
Root - specialized plant organ.
Root functions:
- Soil (mineral) nutrition;
- Fixing plants in the soil.
Root Types of roots. Root systems
Main root Developed from an embryonic root.
Putting roots develop on the stem part of escape. Can grow on the leaves.
Side roots Arise on the roots of all kinds.
Urichned root systems Characterized for all monocotyledonic plants and some digestive.
Root External and internal structure
Root zones:
1) the division zone is active cell division;
2) growth zone - growth (pulling) cells;
3) the zone of suction is the absorption of water;
4) the zone of conduct - transport substances.
The escape Building escape
The escape consists of the axial part, or stem , and its side parts, called leaves .
Functions: The formation of organic substances during photosynthesis.
The escape Vegetative and generative kidneys
Bud - This is a successful escape.
Late position
Fine - Vasilek, Peony, Rose, Len, peas.
Suggested - carnation, lilac, elder, maple.
Mutovaya - Elodea, Oleander, Voroniye Eyes.
Sheet External structure
Sheet is part of escape.
The flat sheet of sheet provides the greatest contact of the surface of the plant with an air medium and sunlight.
There are plants in which there are no petioles and horses.
Sheet Internal structure
Functions:
1) Photosynthesis
2) Gas exchange
3) evaporation
4) removal of unnecessary substances - leaf fall .
Stem
Stem - This is the axial part of the escape consisting of knots and intersdes.
Functions:
- Conductive
- Reference
- Flashing
Flower Structure
Flower - This is the generative body. The components of its elements provide sexual reproduction.
Functions: Food and seed formation
Receptacle - The upper end of the flower pads on which the flower is located.
Venchik and cup Form a picker.
Perianth - Protects pestle and stamens from adverse conditions, and attracts pollinators with its brightness.
The main parts of the flower
A fruit is developing from Zajazi Pestik, and seeds are formed from the sumps.
Socuagement
Simple - Flowers are located one by one on the main axis of escape.
Sophisticated - On the main axis of escape there are branched small inflorescences.
G.Y.Sultantangirov
biology teacher
Organ - part of the body having a certain structure and performing certain functions.
Views:
- Vegetative organs
- Generative bodies
- Root;
- Stem;
- Sheet;
- The escape;
- Flower.
Root -
this is an axial organ plant. It has an upheat growth, has positive geotropism, that is, it grows towards the center of the Earth.
- Fastening the plant in the soil;
- Suction, water and mineral substances;
- Supply of nutrients;
- Interaction with roots of other plants (symbiosis), mushrooms, microorganisms living in the soil (mycornis, legumes, legumes).
- Vegetative reproduction
- Synthesis of biologically active substances
- Many plant roots perform special functions (air roots, roots of suction cups).
Stem-
vegetative organ
plants having a radial structure, upheat growth in length.
- the place of formation of leaves and flowers, and in their sinuses - stubborn kidneys;
- assimilation of organic substances;
- transportation of water, mineral and organic substances from the root to the leaves and back;
- vegetative reproduction.
Sheet -
vegetative plant organ
developing on a stem having
bilateral symmetry,
growing base
inserting growth (single-bedroom) or
without the surface (dicotyled).
The main functions of the sheet
- assimilation of organic substances
(photosynthesis);
- transpiration (water evaporation);
- gas exchange (absorption and selection
- power supply of nutrients and water;
- vegetative reproduction.
The escape-
one of the main vegetative vegetative organs of higher plants consisting of a stem with the leaves and kidneys located on it.
- photosynthesis process;
- transpiration;
- formation of reproductive organs (sporangies, cones, colors);
- reference;
- transport
Flower -
the organ of seed reproduction of flowering (coated brine) plants.
- ensuring sexual reproduction of plants;
- protection (flowers serve to cover and protect ripening fruits and seeds)
- All flowering plants have the same organs.
- An essential feature of all flowering plants is the presence of a flower (modified escape).
- All organs of the plant are interconnected.
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