- 1. List of abbreviations
- 2. Modern Russian language (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 3. The concept of the Russian language
- 4. The concept of modern language
- 5. Lexicology
- 6. The concept of vocabulary and lexicology (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 7. Word as a unit of vocabulary (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 8. The meaning of the word. Word and concept
- 9. Estimating properties of words
- 10. Reflection of the processes taking place in society in vocabulary
- 11.language
- 12. Loss of meaning in speech. "Weathering" the meanings of words
- 13. The polysemy of the word (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 14. Metaphor
- 15. Metonymy
- 16. Synecdoche
- 17. Use of ambiguity
- 18. Erroneous, unfortunate use of words in figurative
- 19.value
- 20. Homonyms (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 21. Types of homonyms
- 22. The reasons for the emergence of lexical homonyms
- 23. Use of homonyms in speech
- 24. Synonyms (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 25. The concept of synonyms. Types of synonyms differences
- 26. Reflection of synonymy in synonymous dictionaries
- 27. Use of synonyms
- 28. Antonyms (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 29. General characteristics of antonyms
- 30. Types of antonyms
- 31. Reflection of antonyms in modern dictionaries
- 32. Use of antonyms
- 33. Vocabulary of the Russian language from an expressive-stylistic point
- 34.view (L.I. Rakhmanova)
- 35. Interstyle vocabulary (stylistically neutral)
- 36. Vocabulary of book styles
- 37. Book words
- 38. Official business vocabulary
- 39. Newspaper and journalistic words
- 40. Poetic vocabulary
- 41. Conversational vocabulary
- 42. Colloquial words
- 43. Common words
- 44. Signs of stylistically colored words
- 45. Signs of vocabulary of book styles
- 46. Signs of vocabulary of the spoken style
- 47. Use of words of different stylistic layers
- 48. Using the vocabulary of book styles
- 49. Using colloquial vocabulary
- 50. Old and new in vocabulary (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 51. Outdated vocabulary
- 52. Types of archaisms
- 53. Use of obsolete vocabulary in modern texts
- 54. New vocabulary
- 55. Reflection of neologisms in dictionaries
- 56. Use of copyright neologisms
- 57. Russian vocabulary from the point of view of origin (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 58. Primordially Russian vocabulary from the point of view of its time
- 59.
- 60. Borrowed vocabulary. Other types of borrowings (L.I.
- 61. Rakhmanova)
- 62. Borrowings from the Old Church Slavonic language
- 63. Borrowings from Scandinavian languages
- 64. Borrowings from Finno-Ugric languages
- 65. Türkic borrowings
- 66. Greek borrowings
- 67. Latin borrowings
- 68. Borrowings from the German language
- 69. Borrowings from the Dutch language
- 70. Borrowings from the French language
- 71. Borrowings from the English language
- 72. Borrowings from the Italian language
- 73. Borrowings from the Spanish language
- 74. Borrowings from Slavic languages
- 75. Dictionaries reflecting the origin of words (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 76. Mastering borrowed words (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 77. Phonetic development
- 78. Graphic mastering
- 79. Grammar development
- 80. Semantic development. Exotisms and barbarisms
- 81. Reflection of exoticisms and barbarisms in dictionaries (V.N.
- 82. Suzdaltseva)
- 83. The use of exoticism and barbarism in modern texts
- 84. (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 85. Attitude towards borrowing (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 86. Russian vocabulary from the point of view of the sphere of use (L. I.
- 87. Rakhmanova)
- 88. The concept of public and non-public vocabulary (L. I.
- 89. Rakhmanova)
- 90. Dialect (regional) vocabulary (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 91. Special vocabulary (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 92. Slang vocabulary (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 93. Phraseology (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 94. Types of phraseological units in terms of the degree of semantic
- 95. cohesion and phraseological connectedness
- 96. Characteristics of phraseological units from the point of view of their
- 97. stylistic and emotional properties and their scope
- 98. original use
- 99. Characteristics of phraseological units in terms of their
- 100. origin
- 101. Use of phraseology
- 102. Erroneous, unsuccessful use of phraseological units
- 103. Morphology
- 104. Subject of morphology (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 105. Grammatical forms, grammatical meanings,
- 106. Grammar Categories
- 107. Means and ways of expressing grammatical meanings
- 108. Principles of classification of parts of speech. The system of parts of speech in
- 109. Russian
- 110. Noun (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 111. Nouns concrete and non-specific (real,
- 112. collective, abstract)
- 113. Common and proper nouns
- 114. Nouns animate and inanimate
- 115. Category of the genus (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 116. Generic nouns
- 117. Gender of nouns with size-evaluative suffixes
- 118. Gender of compound nouns
- 119. Gender of non-declining nouns
- 120.A. Common nouns
- 121.B. Proper nouns
- 122. Gender of abbreviated words (abbreviations)
- 123. Generic variants
- 124. Stylistic use of the gender category
- 125. Category of number (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 126. Nouns that have only the singular form
- 127. (singularia tantum)
- 128. Nouns that have only plural form
- 129.numbers (pluralia tantum)
- 130. Use of the singular form of specific
- 131.
- 132. Use of the plural form of specific
- 133.
- 134. Using the plural form of nouns
- 135.Singularia tantum
- 136. Misuse of the plural form
- 137.
- 138. Category of case (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 139. Declination of nouns
- 140. Features in the formation of case forms in a single
- 141. number of some groups of nouns of the 1st declension
- 142. Features in the formation of case forms in a single
- 143. the number of some groups of nouns of the 2nd declension
- 144. Declination of nouns with the first component gender ... (gender-)
- 145. Variants of case endings of nouns of different
- 146. Declensions in singular
- 147. Features in the formation of forms of the nominative case
- 148. plural of distinct groups of nouns
- 149. Variants of Nominative Plural Endings
- 150.numbers of masculine nouns of the 1st declension
- 151. Genitive plural. Endings options
- 152. genitive plural
- 153. Variants of the endings of the instrumental plural
- 154.
- 155. Declination of compound nouns
- 156. Declination of proper names
- 157. A. Declination of names and surnames
- 158.B. Declination of toponyms
- 159. Adjective (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 160. General characteristics of the adjective as a part of speech.
- 161. Lexico-grammatical categories of adjectives
- 162. Qualitative adjectives
- 163. Relative Adjectives
- 164. Possessive adjectives
- 165. Degrees of comparison of qualitative adjectives
- 166. Significance and education of comparative and superlative degree
- 167. Stylistic coloring and the use of degrees of comparison
- 168. Adjectives
- 169. Short form of adjectives
- 170. Education short form
- 171. Grammatical properties of short adjectives
- 172. Use of short and full adjectives
- 173. (stylistic, semantic and constructive
- 174.Differences Between Short and Long Form)
- 175. Polysemy and lexico-grammatical categories
- 176.
- 177. The use of quality, relative and possessive
- 178. Adjectives in Modern Texts
- 179. Transition of other parts of speech into adjectives
- 180. Transition of adjectives into nouns
- 181. Numeral name (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 182. Grades of numerals
- 183. Use of numerals
- 184. Use of cardinal numbers
- 185. Use of collective numerals
- 186. Pronoun (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 187. The question of the pronoun as a part of speech. Grammatical
- 188. Pronouns
- 189. Ranks of Pronouns by Meaning
- 190. Use of pronouns of various categories
- 191. Personal pronouns
- 192. Possessive Pronouns
- 193. Demonstrative Pronouns
- 194. Definitive Pronouns
- 195. Indefinite Pronouns
- 196. Verb (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 197. Infinitive
- 198. Bases and classes of the verb
- 199. Category of a person (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 200. Abundant and Insufficient Verbs
- 201. Use of personal forms of the verb
- 202. Impersonal Verbs
- 203. Category of species (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 204. Formation of species pairs
- 205. One-Species and Two-Species Verbs
- 206. Using different kinds of verbs
- 207. Category of time (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 208. Values of the form of the present tense
- 209. Use of the present tense form
- 210. Using verbs in the past tense
- 211. Use of future tense forms
- 212. Category of inclination (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 213. Indicative Mood
- 214. Imperative Mood
- 215. Subjunctive Mood
- 216. Using forms of different moods
- 217. Pledge category (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 218. General characteristics of the pledge. Formation of valid and
- 219.
- 220. Use of constructions of real and passive
- 221. collateral
- 222. Communion (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 223. Forms of participles
- 224. Formation of the participles
- 225. Using the participles
- 226. Vernacular (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 227. Formation of participles
- 228. Use of participles
- 229. Adverb (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 230. Categories of adverbs by meaning
- 231. Pronoun adverbs
- 232. Degrees of Comparison of Adverbs
- 233. Use of adverbs
- 234. Using adverbial adverbs and adverbs
- 235. The use of adverbs in the names of artistic and other
- Art 236.
- 237. Substantiation of Adverbs
- 238. Condition category (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 239. Question about the category of state as a part of speech
- 240. General characteristics of words of the category of state
- 241. The use of the category of state in modern texts
- 242. Prepositions (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 243. Grades of prepositions by education and structure
- 244. The categories of prepositions by meaning and by combination with case
- 245.
- 246. Use of prepositional-case forms in speech
- 247. Unions (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 248. Degrees of unions by syntactic function and meaning
- 249. Grades of unions by structure
- 250. Particles (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 251. Particle discharges by value
- 252. Sense particles
- 253. Emotionally Expressive Particles
- 254. Modal Particles
- 255. Discharges of Particles by Education
- 256. Functions of Particles in Speech
- 257. Modal words (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
- 258. Interjections (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 259. Meanings and composition of interjections
- 260. Grades of interjections from the point of view of semantic functions
- 261. Use of interjections
- 262. Onomatopoeic words (L. I. Rakhmanova)
- 263. List of recommended literature
2. Fomina M.I. Modern Russian language. Lexicology. M., 2001.
3. Modern Russian language. Ed. L.A. Novikov. SPb, 2001.
4. Solodub Yu.P. Modern Russian language. Vocabulary and phraseology of the modern Russian literary language: Textbook. M., 2002.
5. Zhukov V.P. Russian phraseology. M., 1986.
6. Shansky N.M. Russian language: Vocabulary. Word formation. M., 1975.
7. Shansky N.M. Phraseology of the modern Russian language. M., 1996.
ADDITIONAL EDUCATIONAL LITERATURE
1. Vinogradov V.V. Selected Works. Lexicology and Lexicography. M., 1977.
2. Kuznetsova E.V. Lexicology of the Russian language. M., 1982.
3. Molotkov A.I. Fundamentals of the phraseology of the Russian language. M., 1977.
4. Russian language: 2 hours / Ed. L.Yu. Maximova. M., 1989. Part 1.
5. Modern Russian literary language / Ed. P.A. Lecant. M., 1988.
6. Modern Russian language / Ed. V.A. Beloshapkova. 3rd ed., Rev. and add. M., 1997.
7. Shmelev D.N. Modern Russian: Vocabulary. M., 1977.
BASIC REFERENCE LITERATURE
1. Akhmanova O.S. Dictionary of linguistic terms. M., 1966 (or: 2004).
2. Akhmanova O.S. Dictionary of homonyms of the Russian language. M., 1974.
3. Belchikov Yu.A., Panyusheva M.S. Dictionary of paronyms of the Russian language. M., 2002.
5. Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Yartseva. M., 1990 (and later editions).
6. New explanatory dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language / Ed. Yu.D. Apresyan. M., 1995,1997
7. Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Yu. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. M., 1993 (and subsequent editions).
8. Rosenthal D.E., Telenkova M.A. Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. A guide for teachers. 2nd ed., Rev. and add. M., 1976.
9. Russian language. Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. F.P. Owl. M., 1979.
10. Russian language. Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. Yu.N. Karaulov. M., 1997.
11. Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language .: In 2 volumes / ed. A.P. Evgenieva. L., 1970-1971.
12. Dictionary of Russian compatibility / under. Ed. Denisov. M., 1983.
13. Stylistic Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Russian Language / Ed. M.N. Kozhina. M., 2003.
14. Explanatory dictionary of the modern Russian language. Language changes at the end of the twentieth century. / Ed. G.N. Sklyarevskaya. M., 2001.
15. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language at the beginning of the 21st century. Actual vocabulary. ed. G.N. Sklyarevskaya. M., 2006.
16. Fasmer M. Etymological dictionary of the Russian language. M.,
17. Phraseological dictionary of the Russian language / ed. A.I. Molotkov. M.,
References to sections of module 1
1. Akhmanova O.S. Dictionary of homonyms of the Russian language. M., 1974 (and later editions).
2. Belchikov Yu.A., Panyusheva M. S. Dictionary of paronyms of the modern Russian language. M., 2002.
3. The Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language (BTS), ed. S.A. Kuznetsova. SPb., 1998
4. Vvedenskaya L.A. Dictionary of the antonyms of the Russian language. Rostov-on-Don, 1995.
5. Vishnyakova O.V. Dictionary of paronyms of the Russian language. M., 1984.
6. Evgeniev A. P. Dictionary of synonyms. M., 2001.
7. Karaulov Yu.N. and other Russian semantic dictionary. Experience in the automatic construction of a thesaurus from concept to word. M., 1983.
8. Kolesnikov N.P. Dictionary of homonyms. Rostov-on-Don, 1995.
9. Kolesnikov N.P. Dictionary of paronyms of the Russian language. Rostov n / D., 1994.
10. Lexical basis of the Russian language. Comprehensive educational dictionary / Ed. V.V. Morkovkin. M., 1984.
11. Lexical difficulties of the Russian language: Dictionary-reference book / А.А. Semenyuk, I.L. Gorodetskaya, M.A. Matyushina et al. M., 1994.
12. Lvov MR School dictionary of antonyms of the Russian language. M., 2002.
13. Lvov M.R. Dictionary of the antonyms of the Russian language. M., 1978.
14. New explanatory dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language / Under total. hands. Yu.D. Apresyan. Issue 1. M., 1997; Issue 2. M., 2000. Issue. 3.M., 2003.
15. Ozhegov S. I. Dictionary of the Russian language. M., 2003.
M .: Publishing house of Moscow State University, CheRo, 1997 .-- 480 p.
This study guide was written in accordance with the approved program of the course "Modern Russian language". The authors tried to present the grammatical (morphological) material in close connection with the content of the "Vocabulary" section. The illustrations are works of classical and modern Russian literature, as well as contemporary press.
The manual is addressed primarily to students of faculties and departments of university journalism. It can also be used by students of the humanitarian departments of pedagogical universities.
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Content
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 3
MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE 6
The concept of the Russian language 6
The concept of modern language 12
LEXICOLOGY 12
The concept of vocabulary and lexicology 12
WORD AS A UNIT OF LEXICO 13
Meaning of the word. Word and Concept 14
Valuation properties of words 15
Reflection of the processes taking place in society in the vocabulary of the language 17
Loss of meaning in speech. "Weathering" the meanings of words 21
THE MULTIPLE VALUE OF 25
Metaphor 25
Metonymy 30
Sinekdokha 33
Using ambiguity 35
Erroneous, unsuccessful use of words in a figurative meaning 38
OMONYMS 41
Types of homonyms 42
Causes of lexical homonyms 42
Use of homonyms in speech 44
The concept of synonyms. Types of differences between synonyms 46
Reflection of synonymy in synonymous dictionaries 50
Use of synonyms 51
ANTONYMS 57
General characteristics of antonyms 57
Types of antonyms by the semantic essence of the opposite and by structure 58
Reflection of antonyms in modern dictionaries 59
Use of antonyms 60
VOCABULARY OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE FROM AN EXPRESSIVE-STYLISTIC POINT OF VIEW 62
Interstyle vocabulary (stylistically neutral) 63
Book Style Vocabulary 64
Book Words 65
Official Words 66
Newspaper-publicistic words 66
Poetic Words 67
Conversational vocabulary 68
Spoken words 68
Common Words 69
Signs of stylistically colored words 71
Signs of vocabulary of book styles 71
Conversational vocabulary features 71
The use of words of different stylistic layers 73
Using Book Style Vocabulary 73
Using Colloquial Vocabulary 79
OLD AND NEW IN LEXICA 82
Outdated vocabulary 82
Types of archaisms 83
Use of obsolete vocabulary in modern texts 85
New vocabulary 87
Reflection of neologisms in dictionaries 89
Use of copyright neologisms 89
RUSSIAN VOCABULARY FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF ORIGIN 91
Primordially Russian vocabulary from the point of view of the time of its origin 91
Borrowed Vocabulary. OTHER TYPES OF BORROWING 92
Borrowings from individual languages 94
Historical studies 94
Borrowings from Scandinavian languages 97
Borrowings from Finno-Ugric languages 97
Turkic borrowings 98
Greek borrowings 98
Latin borrowings 99
Borrowings from German 99
Borrowings from the Dutch language 100
Borrowings from French 100
Borrowings from English 100
Borrowings from Italian 101
Borrowings from Spanish 101
Borrowings from Slavic languages 101
DICTIONARIES REFLECTING THE ORIGIN OF WORDS 102
DEVELOPMENT OF BORROWED WORDS 102
Phonetic mastery 102
Graphic Mastery 104
Grammar development 104
Semantic assimilation 105
THE USE OF EXOTISMS AND BARVARISMS IN CONTEMPORARY TEXTS 108
Attitude towards borrowing 110
RUSSIAN VOCABULARY FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE CONSUMPTION SPHERE 112
The concept of public and non-public vocabulary 112
Dialect (regional) vocabulary 113
Reflection of dialect vocabulary in dictionaries 115
The use of dialectal vocabulary 116
Special vocabulary 118
Reflection of special vocabulary in dictionaries 121
Use of special vocabulary 121
Slang vocabulary 123
Reflection of slang vocabulary in dictionaries 125
The use of slang vocabulary in fiction and journalistic texts 125
PHRASEOLOGY 127
Types of phraseological units from the point of view of semantic cohesion and phraseological coherence 127
Characteristics of phraseological units in terms of their stylistic properties and the scope of their initial use 129
Characteristics of phraseological units from the point of view of their origin 130
Reflection of phraseology in phraseological dictionaries and other reference publications 132
Use of phraseology 134
Erroneous, unsuccessful use of phraseological units 137
MORPHOLOGY 141
Morphology Item 141
Grammar forms, grammatical meanings, grammatical categories 141
Means and ways of expressing grammatical meanings 142
Principles of classification of parts of speech. The system of parts of speech in Russian 143
Noun 145
Concrete and non-specific nouns (real, collective, abstract) 145
Common nouns and proper nouns 146
Nouns animate and inanimate 147
CATEGORY OF GENDER 150
Gender nouns 151
Gender of nouns with size-evaluative suffixes 152
Gender of nouns formed by word composition 152
Gender of non-declining nouns 153
A. Common nouns 153
B. Proper nouns 154
The genus of abbreviated words (abbreviations) 154
Generic variants 155
Stylistic use of the category of gender 155
CATEGORY NUMBER 156
Nouns that have only the singular form (singularia tantum) 157
Nouns with only plural forms (pluralia tantum) 157
Use of the singular form of nouns varying by number 157
Using the plural form of nouns that change by number 159
Use of plural forms of nouns that do not change in numbers 159
Misuse of the plural form of nouns 162
CATEGORY CASE 162
Declination of nouns 164
Features in the formation of case forms in the singular of some groups of nouns of the 1st declension 165
Features in the formation of case forms in the singular of some groups of nouns of the 2nd declension 166
Declination of nouns with the first component gender ... (gender-) 166
Variants of case endings of nouns of different declensions in the singular 167
1st declension 167
2nd and 3rd declension 168
Features of the formation of the nominative plural forms of separate groups of nouns 169
Variants of the nominative plural endings of 1st declension masculine nouns 169
Genitive plural. Genitive plural endings of 171
Instrumental plural endings 173
Declination of proper names 174
A. Declination of first and last names 174
B. Declination of place names 177
APPENDIX NAME 178
General characteristics of the adjective as a part of speech. Lexico-grammatical categories of adjectives 178
Qualitative Adjectives 178
Relative adjectives 179
Possessive adjectives 179
Comparison of Qualitative Adjectives 179
Comparative and Superlative Significance and Education 179
Stylistic coloring and the use of degrees of comparison of adjectives 181
Comparative 181
Superlative 182
Short form of adjectives 184
Formation of short form 184
Grammatical properties of short adjectives 185
The use of short and full adjectives (stylistic, semantic and constructively determined differences between short and full forms) 185
Polysemy and lexico-grammatical categories of adjectives 187
The use of qualitative, relative and possessive adjectives in modern texts 190
Transition of other parts of speech into adjectives 192
Conversion of adjectives to nouns 192
NUMBER NAME 193
Number places 195
Use of numerals 195
Use of cardinal numbers 196
Use of collective numbers 197
Pronoun 197
The question of the pronoun as a part of speech. Grammatical features of pronouns 197
Ranks of pronouns by value 199
The use of pronouns of various categories 200
Personal Pronouns 200
Grammatical opposition of personal pronouns as a means of increasing the expressiveness of speech 202
Possessive Pronouns 203
Demonstrative Pronouns 204
Definitive Pronouns 205
Indefinite Pronouns 205
VERB 207
Infinitive 208
Fundamentals and classes of the verb 209
FACE 210
Abundant and Insufficient Verbs 211
Using personal forms of the verb 211
Impersonal Verbs 212
VIEW CATEGORY 213
Formation of species pairs 214
One-and Two-Species Verbs 215
Using different kinds of verbs 216
TIME CATEGORY 218
Present Tense Values 218
Using the Present Tense Form 220
Using Past Tense Verbs 222
Use of Future Tense Forms 223
INCLINATION CATEGORY 224
Indicative mood 224
Imperative 225
Subjunctive 227
The use of forms of some moods in the meaning of others 227
MORTGAGE CATEGORY 229
General characteristics of the collateral. Formation of active and passive voice 229
Use of Active and Passive Voice Constructions 230
Communion 231
Participle forms 231
Formation of the participles 232
Using the participles 233
DEPARTMENT 234
Formation of participles 234
Use of participles 235
Speech 236
Adverb categories by value 237
Pronoun adverbs 237
Comparison of Adverbs 238
Use of adverbial adverbs and adverbs 238
Substantiation of adverbs 239
CATEGORY OF CONDITION 239
Question about the category of state as a part of speech 239
General characteristics of words in the category of state 240
The use of the category of state in modern texts 241
OFFERS 242
Grades of prepositions by education and structure 242
The categories of prepositions by meaning and by combination with case forms 242
The use of prepositional-case forms in speech 243
UNIONS 244
Union digits by syntactic function and value 244
Union ranks by structure 246
PARTICLES 246
Particle Discharges by Value 247
Emotional Expressive Particles 247
Modal Particles 247
Particle discharges by education 248
MODAL WORDS 248
INTERMEDIA 250
Meanings and composition of interjections 250
The categories of interjections from the point of view of semantic functions 250
Use of interjections 251
SOUND WORDS 252
Aspect Press, 2007, 978-5-7567-0436-5, 211 * 140 * 20 mm., Circulation: 3000
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Book Description
This textbook was written in accordance with the approved program of the course "Modern Russian language". The authors tried to present the grammatical (morphological) material in close connection with the content of the "Vocabulary" section. The illustrations were works of classical and modern Russian literature, as well as the modern press. For students of faculties and departments of journalism of universities, as well as for students of humanitarian departments of pedagogical universities.
You can buy this book in online stores
Approved by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
List of abbreviations
Modern Russian language (L. I. Rakhmanova)
The concept of the Russian language
The concept of modern language
Lexicology
The concept of vocabulary and lexicology (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Word as a unit of vocabulary (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Meaning of the word. Word and concept
Estimating properties of words
Reflection of processes occurring in society in vocabulary
language
Loss of meaning in speech. "Weathering" the meanings of words
The polysemy of the word (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Metaphor
Metonymy
Synecdoche
Using ambiguity
Erroneous, unfortunate use of words in figurative
meaning
Homonyms (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Types of homonyms
Reasons for the occurrence of lexical homonyms
Use of homonyms in speech
Synonyms (L.I. Rakhmanova)
The concept of synonyms. Types of synonyms differences
Reflection of synonymy in synonymous dictionaries
Using synonyms
Antonyms (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
General characteristics of antonyms
Types of antonyms
Reflection of antonyms in modern dictionaries
Use of antonyms
Vocabulary of the Russian language from an expressive-stylistic point
vision (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Interstyle vocabulary (stylistically neutral)
Book style vocabulary
Book words
Official business vocabulary
Newspaper publicistic words
Poetic vocabulary
Conversational vocabulary
Spoken words
Common words
Signs of stylistically colored words
Signs of vocabulary of book styles
Conversational vocabulary signs
The use of words of different stylistic layers
Using the vocabulary of book styles
Using colloquial vocabulary
Old and new in vocabulary (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Outdated vocabulary
Types of archaisms
Use of obsolete vocabulary in modern texts
New vocabulary
Reflection of neologisms in dictionaries
Use of copyright neologisms
Russian vocabulary from the point of view of origin (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Primordially Russian vocabulary from the point of view of its time
emergence
Borrowed vocabulary. Other types of borrowings (L.I.
Rakhmanov)
Borrowings from the Old Church Slavonic
Borrowings from Scandinavian languages
Borrowings from Finno-Ugric languages
Turkic borrowings
Greek borrowings
Latin borrowings
Borrowings from the German language
Borrowings from the Dutch language
Borrowings from French
Borrowings from English
Borrowings from Italian
Borrowings from Spanish
Borrowings from Slavic languages
Dictionaries reflecting the origin of words (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Mastering borrowed words (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Phonetic mastery
Graphic mastering
Grammatical mastering
Semantic mastering. Exotisms and barbarisms
Reflection of exoticisms and barbarisms in dictionaries (V.N.
Suzdaltseva)
The use of exoticisms and barbarisms in modern texts
(V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Attitude towards borrowing (L. I. Rakhmanova)
Russian vocabulary from the point of view of the sphere of use (L.I.
Rakhmanov)
The concept of public and non-public vocabulary (L.I.
Rakhmanov)
Dialect (regional) vocabulary (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Special vocabulary (L. I. Rakhmanova)
Slang vocabulary (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Phraseology (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Types of phraseological units in terms of the degree of semantic
cohesion and phraseological coherence
stylistic and emotional properties and their scope
initial use
Characteristics of phraseological units from the point of view of their
origin
Use of phraseology
Erroneous, unsuccessful use of phraseological units
Morphology
Subject of morphology (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Grammatical forms, grammatical meanings,
grammatical categories
Means and ways of expressing grammatical meanings
Principles of classification of parts of speech. The system of parts of speech in
in Russian
Noun (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Concrete and non-specific nouns (real,
collective, abstract)
Common and proper nouns
Nouns animate and inanimate
Genus category (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Generic nouns
Gender of nouns with size-evaluative suffixes
Gender of compound nouns
Gender of non-declining nouns
A. Common nouns
B. Proper nouns
The genus of abbreviated words (abbreviations)
Generic variants
Stylistic use of the gender category
Number category (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Singular nouns
(singularia tantum)
Plural-only nouns
numbers (pluralia tantum)
Use of the singular form of specific
nouns
Use of the plural form of specific
nouns
Using the plural form of nouns
singularia tantum
Misuse of the plural form
nouns
Case category (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Declination of nouns
the number of some groups of nouns of the 1st declension
Features in the formation of case forms in a single
the number of some groups of nouns of the 2nd declension
Declination of nouns with the first component gender ... (gender-)
Variants of case endings of different nouns
declensions in the singular
Features in the formation of forms of the nominative case
plural of distinct groups of nouns
Nominative plural endings
the number of masculine nouns of the 1st declension
Genitive plural. Endings options
genitive plural
Variants of the instrumental plural endings
the numbers
Declination of compound nouns
Declination of proper names
A. Declination of first and last names
B. Declination of place names
Adjective (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
General characteristics of the adjective as a part of speech.
Lexico-grammatical categories of adjectives
Qualitative adjectives
Relative adjectives
Possessive adjectives
Comparison of Qualitative Adjectives
Comparative and superlative value and education
Stylistic coloring and the use of degrees of comparison
adjectives
Short form of adjectives
Short form formation
Grammatical properties of short adjectives
Using short and full adjectives
(stylistic, semantic and constructive
differences between short and full forms)
Polysemy and lexico-grammatical categories
adjectives
Eating qualitative, relative and possessive
adjectives in modern texts
The transition of other parts of speech to adjectives
Changing adjectives to nouns
Numeral name (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Numeral categories
Use of numerals
Use of cardinal numbers
The use of collective numerals
Pronoun (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
The question of the pronoun as a part of speech. Grammatical
features of pronouns
Ranks of pronouns by meaning
The use of pronouns of various categories
Personal pronouns
Possessive pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns
Definitive pronouns
Indefinite pronouns
Verb (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Infinitive
Verb stems and classes
Person category (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Abundant and insufficient verbs
Using personal forms of the verb
Impersonal verbs
Species category (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Formation of species pairs
One-and two-kind verbs
Using different kinds of verbs
Time category (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Present tense form values
Using the present tense form
Using verbs in the past tense
Use of future tense forms
Inclination category (L.I. Rakhmanova)
Indicative
Imperative mood
Subjunctive mood
Using forms of different moods
Pledge category (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
General characteristics of the collateral. Formation of valid and
passive voice
Use of real and passive constructions
pledge
Communion (L. I. Rakhmanova)
Participle forms
Forming participles
Using the participles
Vernacular (L. I. Rakhmanova)
Formation of gerunds
The use of participles
Adverb (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Adverb categories by value
Pronoun adverbs
Comparison of adverbs
Use of adverbs
Use of adverbial adverbs and adverbs
The use of adverbs in artistic and other names
works
Substantiation of adverbs
Condition category (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Question about the category of state as a part of speech
General characteristics of the words of the category of state
The use of the category of state in modern texts
Prepositions (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Grades of prepositions by education and structure
The categories of prepositions by meaning and by combination with case
forms
Use of prepositional-case forms in speech
Unions (V. N. Suzdaltseva)
Union digits by syntactic function and value
Grades of unions by structure
Particles (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Particle discharges by value
Sense particles
Emotionally Expressive Particles
Modal particles
Particle discharges by education
Particle functions in speech
Modal words (V.N.Suzdaltseva)
Interjections (L. I. Rakhmanova)
Meanings and composition of interjections
The categories of interjections from the point of view of semantic functions
Use of interjections
Onomatopoeic words (L. I. Rakhmanova)
Recommended reading list
about the author
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