The Pskov Theological Seminary is the oldest educational institution in the city. It was discovered in the 1920s. XVIII century through the efforts of the Bishop of Pskov and Narva Raphael (Zaborovsky). It was created on the basis of the Greco-Latin classes that existed since 1733, located in one of the side-altars of the Trinity Cathedral in Pskov.
In 1738, a building was erected specifically for the seminary next to the courtyard of the Pskov-Pechersky monastery. In the 1770s. the building was rebuilt after a fire.
In the XIX century. To expand the premises of the seminary, Archbishop Eugene II (Kazantsev) applied to the commission of theological schools at the Synod with a request for permission to purchase from the wife of the inspector of the Pskov Medical Council Yefim Yavorsky a wooden house on a stone foundation for 6.5 thousand rubles at the expense of the seminary. The commission allowed the purchase of the Yavorskys' house and notified Archbishop Eugene of this.
For some time, the Yavorskys' house satisfied the needs of the seminary, but in 1840 the question of building a new building arose again. Having received a building permit, the leadership of the diocese turned to the academician of architecture, professor of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts A.F. Shchedrin. The construction of a new two-story building was carried out on the site of the former Yavorskys' house. The building housed spacious, light classrooms, well adapted for classes. In the central part of the building there was a house church. At the beginning of the XX century. according to the project of the St. Petersburg architect A. Pavlovsky, the old and new buildings were combined. During the reconstruction of the building in 1901-1904. the architect A. Pavlovsky added the volume of the house church in the name of the Three Saints to the building with a domed completion (two-height hall).
The dome over the building of the seminary reminded of its home church in honor of the Three Hierarchs. On December 14 (26), 1891, a seminary teacher V.I. Belavin is the future His Holiness Patriarch Tikhon. In memory of this, on December 26, 1997, a memorial plaque was erected on the building. Even before perestroika, there was an inscription on the facade: “Lord! In Thy light they saw light. "
In 1918 the Pskov Theological Seminary was closed. In the 1920-30s. In the premises of the former seminary, the OGPU Marine Border Detachment was located, since the border with Estonia passed (as now) along the Pskov and Peipsi Lakes, and the seamen of the Pskov Marine Border Detachment were guarding the border. The house church was liquidated, and the appearance of the building changed - the church dome disappeared. During the war, the building survived, and the Pskov Pedagogical Institute settled there. Now the former building of the theological seminary houses the biological faculty of the pedagogical university.
The building of the theological seminary is under protection as a monument of federal significance (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 176 of 20.02.1995).
| Sight | |
Spiritual school |
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| Country | Russia |
| Town | Pskov |
| Denomination | Orthodoxy |
| Diocese | Pskov diocese |
| Date of foundation | |
| Status | architectural monument(federal) |
| Site | |
Pskov Theological School- educational spiritual institution Pskov and Velikie Luki Diocese Russian Orthodox Church. It was created on the basis of the Greek-Latin classes, operating from the year. There are two temples at the school Protection of the Holy Virgin and Saint Nicholas.
Historically, the school was located in a building on Velikolutskaya Street (now Sovetskaya). In fact, it ceased to exist in the year. It was reopened already in the year on the street. Karl Marx (former Petrovskaya Street). In 1997, the first graduation took place.
Currently operating educational institution. The term of study is 3 years.
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An excerpt characterizing the Pskov Theological School
“Yes, we know, but the evil that I know for myself, I cannot do to another person,” Prince Andrey said, becoming more and more animated, apparently wanting to express to Pierre his new view of things. He spoke French. Je ne connais l dans la vie que deux maux bien reels: c "est le remord et la maladie. II n" est de bien que l "absence de ces maux. disease. And the only good is the absence of these evils.] To live for yourself, avoiding only these two evils: this is all my wisdom now.- And love for one's neighbor, and self-sacrifice? - began to speak Pierre. - No, I cannot agree with you! To live only so as not to do evil, so as not to repent? this is not enough. I lived this way, I lived for myself and ruined my life. And only now, when I live, at least I try (Pierre corrected himself out of modesty) to live for others, only now I understood all the happiness of life. No, I do not agree with you, and you do not think what you are saying.
Prince Andrew silently looked at Pierre and smiled mockingly.
“You’ll see your sister, Princess Marya. You will get along with her, ”he said. “Perhaps you are right for yourself,” he continued, after a pause; - but each lives in his own way: you lived for yourself and say that by doing this you almost ruined your life, and learned happiness only when you began to live for others. And I have experienced the opposite. I lived for glory. (After all, what is glory? The same love for others, the desire to do something for them, the desire for their praise.) So I lived for others, and not almost, but completely ruined my life. And since then I have become calmer, as I live for myself.
- But how can you live for yourself alone? - Pierre asked, getting excited. - And the son, and the sister, and the father?
- Yes, this is still the same me, these are not others, - said Prince Andrew, and others, neighbors, le prochain, as you and Princess Marya call, is the main source of delusion and evil. Le prochain [Neighbor] are those, your Kiev men, to whom you want to do good.
Nowadays, educational institutions for future lawyers and economists are in vogue, young men dream of being managers, and girls - models. But there is still another life going on, other young people live, which in many respects differs from the majority: both in the style of clothing, and in behavior, and in how seriously they take life. To eternal life. We came to the Theological School of Pskov to talk with its students about this school, which few people know about even in the city itself - modern ideals and priorities for choosing a life path are not behind such educational institutions. And thank God. In the Theological School of Pskov, as many students study in full-time and part-time departments as the school can accept - about eighty.
The time of receiving the initial theological education, namely about this, a certificate is issued at the end of the theological school, three years. Someone then goes to the seminary, someone is ordained, for someone this study remains only a fact of biography. The school teaches about twenty subjects, including the Holy Scriptures, Catechism, Theology, Homiletics, Patrology, Church history and Church law, Church Slavonic, Liturgy, solfeggio, etc. The work of a teacher in the school is not paid, usually teachers are parish priests, and they work in the school for the Glory of God. With the blessing of Vladyka Eusebius, the rector's father of the school is Archpriest Vitaly Gerusov.
Applicants come to the school for the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos on August 28, in September there are entrance exams. Those who complete the third year of study at the Theological School take final exams, then fulfill obedience, almost until the end of July, and leave the walls of their theological school. Holidays here are on the great and great holidays of the Church: Christmas holidays, Christmastide, Easter and Trinity weeks. The school has two churches - St. Nicholas the Wonderworker - the "home church" of the students, and the parish church on Karl Marx, which is also located on the territory of the school - the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos, where they learn to worship.
We talk with the students of the school: Maria Romashova, a graduate, she is finishing her third year and taking her final exams, of which there are fourteen. Our other interlocutor is Mikhail Osipov, a freshman. Children from Orthodox families, Misha's grandmother is nun Juliania, and Masha's grandfather is Mitred Archpriest Igor. When Masha began to study, there were 17 people on the course, eight were left for graduation.
What do you need to enter such a school?
Misha: First, the desire and recommendation of your parish priest, or confessor.
Have you imagined why you need college in your life? And what after?
Masha: I would like to be the regent, if Father Ermogen blesses, and how the time will be: we live for the day, but we do not know what will happen the next day. As God bless, but would like to be a regent.
Misha: I was taught from childhood to the church: I want to study at the Theological School, and then continue my studies.
Are you going to be a priest, Misha?
Going to. The ways of the Lord are inscrutable, but I hope that the Lord will bless.
What exams are passed upon admission?
Misha: In the beginning there was an interview - such a simple human conversation with Father Rector. He got to know us, asked why I was doing ... There was a good conversation. We took exams in the Church Slavonic language, in church singing, the Law of God, and wrote an exposition. I am familiar with the choir, the altar, and I did it without any problems, although I was a little worried. In the first year, we also have the Russian language, we write two essays a year on different topics, for example, "The Shrines of the Pskov Land", according to the New Testament.
Masha: Our Vladyka interviewed us, we all went through it: he was very kind to us. In the first year, they wrote an essay on the 14 Epistles of the Apostle Paul, I took the topic "Marriage and celibacy."
And what, Masha, shocked you in the Apostolic Epistles?
To be honest, I like celibacy. As well as to the Apostle Paul, who said "he who gives in marriage to his damsel does well, but he who does not give in marriage does better." Loneliness in the Church is a serious matter.
Is there no such graceless loneliness in the Church as in the world?
Masha: No, there is no loneliness. But when you sin, and everything accumulates for a long time, you don’t confess, then it’s very hard. During Bright Week I visited the Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery and I am very glad that I went there, although there were internal obstacles, but I thank God that I went there, met many people - for me the beauty of monasticism is above all.
Where was the monastery obedience?
In the kitchen, but for me it's not at all difficult: I got up early, went to bed late, and the fact that I slept for four hours was not at all difficult. I read more books than at school. There was a lot of grace there, and it inspires.
Misha, what subjects are taught in the 1st year?
I just had an exam in Church history, I passed it to Father Vladislav Kuznetsov, the New Testament is taught by Father Andrei Vakhrushev, our vice-rector, also an excellent teacher. We pass the Russian language, it is one year, the course of Catechism - Father Vladimir Semindyaev. Both Russian and Catechism are already entering the certificate.
What are the ratings?
So far, we have excellent, but decisive marks on the exams - what you answer will be given to you. We hand over the Old Testament, Church Slavonic. We have a connoisseur of the Church Slavonic language, Father Roman Ledin, no words, he is an excellent teacher.
Masha: He is a very interesting father, kind, and he understands the students; students resort to him for spiritual help.
Misha: You can consult with him, and in the spiritual sense, the priest understands very much, can explain incomprehensible passages from the Holy Scriptures, just translate some word, he is a truly knowledgeable person. Liturgy is taught here by Father Nikolai Yegorov.
Explain to our readers what the subject of Liturgy is?
Misha: This is the study of the order, the system of worship, the study of what is served, what is read, the Church Charter - everything that is done is served in the church at the Divine Service. Schemes of various services performed are given. We are from the church environment and this is not new for us, but here we get a system of knowledge on the subject, we reinforce it in the lessons, everything is memorized and lined up in a logical chain, the entire Divine service, all its beauty becomes clearer.
Masha: Of course, you will learn something new in terms of statutory divine services, for example, there are very long and special services during Great Lent.
Is it difficult to be a tutor?
Masha: Yes, I now have such an obedience: to keep order so that everything is correct, there are no mistakes in the order of the service, the Registrar monitors which stichera are sung, troparia, where, what, in what place is read and sung, which voices.
Misha: It is well built in the school, here there is a fairly professional choir director Tatyana Sergeevna Zimarskaya, a specialist in her field, a real choir director. And in our school there is still a lesson in church singing. This year we learned voices, Sunday troparia.
What is a voice?
Misha: A voice is a definite melody on which words are superimposed: troparion voices, sticher voices. Eight voices - eight melodies, and each voice should be sung in this way in its own time. After lunch, we usually have a choir of our Intercession Church, gathering those who can sing. The Lord gave everyone his own, no more and no less, and whoever has a talent in singing does not burrow here, but is used and developed. Over the course of the year, I gained a lot for myself at the school precisely in singing, I understood a lot, learned, just wonderful.
Masha: Father Viceroy (Pskovo - Pechersky Monastery) teaches Church law in our third year, a serious subject, and the exam today was serious.
What grade did you get, Masha?
Five. Father Viceroy is the first year at the school, he teaches very responsibly, he teaches strictly, but he is quite lenient towards us, he loves us, and we love him: he usually comes to us with gifts. Father Alexander Savelyev teaches Moral Theology and the New Testament - the father is wonderful, interesting in his own way, was a class teacher, and we had a tradition to drink tea and talk together.
Is there for you some kind of separation between the knowledge of the subject by the teacher and his attitude towards the students?
Misha: Exists. If the priest is interesting as a person, then you show more interest in the subject he teaches. The school has a good teacher of the History of the Russian Church, Larisa Georgievna Greben, she gave all of herself to us, once she graduated from this school herself, stayed here, now she is working for the Glory of God.
Masha: You can sympathize with her - she is a mentor for our girls, I also have the obedience of a mentor, but I would rather go to all other obediences than to mentor for two days, it is very difficult. When I was a first-year student, everything was stricter, now it is simpler, Father Rector loves children very much and wants us to feel better.
Does it spoil you a little?
Yes.
And you, Misha, what kind of obedience?
Choir: on Saturday evenings and Sunday mornings, it is compulsory to sing at the Divine Service, on big holidays, when the whole school gathers. There is a good tradition here - to perform akathist to the Mother of God every Wednesday, we also sing. At the bakery in our school, delicious buns are baked.
Girls?
There are bakers, and of the students are assigned to help the bakery, as obedience.
And how many parents send, Masha?
Not at all. My sister works, there are seven children in our family, with dad, mom and grandmother - ten people work out - it's difficult for us. My elder sister is nun Olga, and my father the Rector blessed my other sister to work in a hospital, as a nurse, somehow you have to live, and she is in her second year at the school. We are fed at the school, and there is no charge for living here.
What is the most difficult subject for you?
Masha: At first, then I began to delve into church law, I liked the Course of Lectures of Archpriest V. Tsypin, a good textbook, and Father Viceroy disposed to this subject, although, of course, this is a difficult subject. But I like Moral Theology more.
And what is Moral Theology?
Masha: We consider such issues in the classroom as the formation of personality, its manifestation in the sphere of being. Why did the Lord create man, what he should strive for. We talk about sin in Moral Theology, how thoughts develop - all this is very deep and interesting. Man is a co-creator with God, and the Lord will not save man if he himself does not want to. God loves everyone and calls to the last, but if a person refuses ... You know, they say, there is such a stone that the Lord cannot lift - this is a human heart.
And Dogmatic Theology?
This is the teaching about God, the Holy Trinity, all the Dogmas. Father Vitaly Sknar teaches it in a very interesting way, you can talk to him on a free topic.
Misha, what subject do you like?
Church - Slavic language. I had the skill to read, the knowledge of prayers - I have been in church since childhood, but here there is an in-depth study of the language - rules, verbs, nouns, in fact, you learn a new language. This gives an understanding of the Sacred Text and a correct explanation of what you read: it is quite clearly defined how exactly one or another word should be understood.
What are your inner feelings from school?
Here you gain experience, it is not only a school, but also a school of life. I enjoy studying, it is very valuable to communicate with teachers, priests, and, probably, this gives a good preparation for entering the seminary.
What are temptations for a student of the Theological School, Masha?
Internal experiences. You strive for something, you worry, but the Lord humbles and gives more experience in the spiritual life, you begin to understand that you simply cannot achieve anything by your own will. And everyone has their own cross - this is first of all, but the Lord gives it according to his strength, He loves everyone, and he cannot send the cross beyond his strength: what He gives means that it is necessary that we endure. The Lord endured and told us to.
How do you assess three years in college?
I thank the Lord, the mercy of God, that I am here. I would not have been able to receive such a lively communication with priests at home, and the services here are much higher than where I live, everything takes for the soul. Thank God! If the Lord wills, it will be necessary to study further. The priests help a lot, if any problems happen, Father Andrey Vakhrushev save him, Lord, spiritually he gave me a lot. I was ashamed: after all, my father, a teacher, but he helped me, and always says: "There is something to strive for, Maria." You grow up in school, but only good things remain in your memory.
You see modern secular youth, what can you say about them? What would you wish her?
Masha: Recently I had to communicate with one high school boy, I tried to talk to him, but it was hard, he just crumpled, I hope that all the same he thought about it. Our youth were seduced by everything that comes to us from the West: clothes, habits, demeanor. The young are disbanded, and it's just scary. I think there should be a sermon in schools too. Help them, Lord. Misha: I believe that the root of everything that happens to young people is in upbringing: 70 years of atheism were not in vain, but everything will be as God wants. I would like the Lord to make them understand, so that they understand where the truth is.
The rise to the school at half past seven, at eight - common prayer in the St. Nicholas Church, at six forty-five in the morning there is an early Liturgy, at which the singers are the disciples. Then breakfast, and from 9 o'clock to 2 o'clock - classes, lunch, obediences, on Mondays and Thursdays - choir singing. Dinner at eight o'clock, until ten - free time, then evening prayer in the church and lights out at eleven o'clock. The school has priests - mentors who monitor discipline. There are also deductions from the school of careless, apparently, those who did not understand why they came here. Our interlocutors, Maria and Mikhail, are internally collected, carefully weighing what has been said, and not only because there is a pupil's fear, but also because - the Orthodox and know the value of the word. The conversation turned out to be simple-minded: the question is the answer, you cannot ask about spiritual personal life here, they tell their confessor or God about this.
Vladyka Eusebius himself is closely watching the life of the school, which was created with his blessing. As the vice-rector of the school, Father Andrei Vakhrushev, says: “The archpastor contains the ability to see everything that happens in the diocese entrusted to him, he knows the life of all churches and monasteries, his eye warms everything that he sees, and this eye is human love. The spiritual school, the father pro-rector thinks, enjoys his great love. Students know that we are all under the special patronage of Vladyka, our entire educational and educational process, for which we are accountable to him: Vladyka presides over our teachers' councils.
Not a single student enters the Theological School without the knowledge of the Bishop. His Eminence always comes for an interview, personally carefully takes an interest in the biographies of students, asks questions that characterize the knowledge of the Church Slavonic language, the Holy Scriptures of the applicant. Especially frankly at this moment we see the experience of the Archpastor, the subtle knowledge of the human soul - several of his questions sometimes reveal what we, the entire commission, missed - they open a person in a completely new way.
Traditionally, Vladyka comes to celebrations at the school on the occasion of the admission of new students at the beginning of school on September 14, celebrates services on the feast of the Protection of the Mother of God - this is our patronal feast, during the year Vladyka comes to us to serve as the Akathist of the Protection of the Mother of God, serves the Passion in Great Lent, leads the graduation celebrations. Every year he comes to the final exams in all three courses: and now he arrived one day, attended all the courses, having looked through all examination sheets, study books, magazines, teaching methods, and interviewed students in all courses. Vladyka's patronage and love are known to students, he is kind, he himself interrogates very lovingly, and this year was no exception. Vladyka's fatherly love also evokes childish love in return: our students and teachers unswervingly congratulate Vladyka on Christmas and Easter, and no one leaves these days without a bishop's gift: Vladyka has mercy on everyone. "
The theological school borrows the traditions of the seminary of the Trinity - Sergius Lavra, where graduation takes place after Trinity. On June 13, after the feast of the Holy Spirit, after the festive Liturgy performed by the Archpastor, congratulations to the graduates will be pronounced in the assembly hall and diplomas of graduation from the Theological School will be issued, and the best graduates will thank their teachers for their love and science.
Since ancient times, the city of Pskov has carried on itself two great missions: the mission of a warrior-defender, due to its geographical position, and the mission of the bearer and guardian of the Orthodox faith. That is why there are so many beautiful temples here, and the center of the city is the majestic Cathedral in honor of the Holy Trinity. Despite all the turns of history, sometimes very difficult and cruel, the city of Pskov does not stop fulfilling its missionary service. Nowadays, this has been proven by the feat of the Pskov division paratroopers who died in Chechnya. The mission of preserving and spreading the Orthodox faith is modestly carried out by the Pskov Theological School under the heavenly patronage of the Most Holy Theotokos and St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and under the sensitive guidance and paternal care of the ruling Metropolitan of Pskov and Velikie Luki Eusebius. It is the center for educating young people in the spirit of the gospel truths.
Not far from the city center, on the territory of two churches in honor of the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos and St. Nicholas, the life of this spiritual institution proceeds. In summer, it is a piece of paradise, surrounded by flowers and the scent of blossoming trees, and in winter, it is a wonderful fairy tale, in the silence of which the Divine Child is born. This is the place where young people, who wished to devote their lives to serving God and the Mother of the Church, are strengthened in faith, receive strong spiritual hardening and gain resistance to the temptations of this world. Daily classes (the program is focused on the Moscow Theological Seminary), constant communication with the priesthood, participation in divine services and sacraments of the Church, obedience - all this forms strong personalities capable of leading people along the difficult and thorny path of faith.
The Pskov Theological School was opened in 1994. In 1997, the first graduation took place. This year the school is preparing to celebrate its fifteenth anniversary. In the first years of the existence of the school, one of the main tasks was the internal arrangement. During this time, construction work was carried out in the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God (an architectural monument of the 16th century), wall paintings of the 19th century were washed and fixed. The exterior of the temple has also been updated with plastering and whitewashing works. The St. Nicholas Church (an architectural monument of the 17th century) was cleared of debris by the efforts of the students, with which it was filled up to the very dome during the years of militant atheism. It also underwent restoration work. An assembly hall was arranged in the right end of the St. Nicholas Church, and a library is located in the left one. The library fund contains more than 7000 copies of books and teaching aids. The library fund has significantly increased thanks to the donation of Archbishop John of Rockland (about 2000 books). For three years, work was underway on the library fund: the entire library was completely encrypted and two catalogs were compiled.
For the feast day of 1995, a fresco depicting the Mother of God was painted over the entrance to the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God in an ancient niche, which became a symbol of the Theological School and a sign of Heavenly protection over it. In the 1995/96 academic year, a set of bells was donated from the Regional Administration. But, unfortunately, the temples are still devoid of iconostases. In 1995, with the assistance of the Administration of the Pskov Region, significant outbuildings were transferred to the Theological School: storage rooms, a boiler room, garages, as well as a one-story administrative building occupied by the earlier Electrosvyaz JSC.
During the existence of the school, work was carried out to improve the territory: flower beds and an orchard were laid out. Equipped with a carpentry workshop, a prosphora room, a candle workshop, a laundry room and a bathhouse. In 2002, a bakery was opened, where students bake their own bread, and for Easter and Easter cakes, delighting residents and guests of Pskov with their work. The spiritual school does not become isolated on itself. Students are drawn to communication with the laity and are always waiting for guests. The school has a Sunday school. Its teachers are graduates and pupils of the Theological School. In recent years, a tradition of meetings with schoolchildren and students has developed, there is an active cooperation with teachers of schools and higher educational institutions. It is with great pleasure that the students of the school visit orphanages and nursing homes. The school also conducts missionary work in the Pskov pre-trial detention center, following the commandment of Christ.
Life in a theological school, of course, differs from the life of universities, technical schools and other secular educational institutions. It accepts persons of the Orthodox faith, boys and girls from 18 to 35 years old, with a complete secondary education and living in Pskov and the Pskov region, as well as in other regions of Russia and neighboring countries. The school provides free tuition, accommodation and three meals a day. Every day at the school begins and ends with a common prayer. Classes are held daily in special theological disciplines: Holy Scripture of the Old and New Testaments, Catechism, Church Slavonic language, Church Charter, Basic, Dogmatic and Comparative Theology, History of the Russian Orthodox Church and many others. etc. In addition to the disciplines studied, every six months students write semester essays on the proposed topics. The purpose of writing them is to acquire by students the skill of working with primary sources and literature, the development of a creative approach to various church problems. The teachers of the Theological School are mainly clergymen who were educated at the Seminary or Academy. Graduates of the Theological School enter the higher educational institutions of the Moscow Patriarchate. Some of them go straight to the second and third year. Students of the school also perform various household obediences in the church, in the prosphora, in the kitchen, at the bakery, in the vegetable warehouse, in the laundry, in the garage, thereby ensuring the life of the school.
The life of students is inseparably linked with the temple worship, which is performed in our churches every day - morning and evening. During the divine services, students carry out ponomar and singing obedience, thus acquiring in practice the necessary skills for further parish life. The mastery of church singing is honed on the rehearsals of the liturgical choir. The choir of the school is often given the honor of participating in bishop services and visiting parishes of the Pskov diocese. The choir prepares concert programs for the patronal feast of the Intercession of the Mother of God, for the feast of the Nativity of Christ, for Holy Easter, which are always held in a solemn atmosphere. Life in the school proceeds according to the church calendar. Secular holidays are not celebrated here, but large church holidays are solemnly celebrated, the days of which are non-educational for students.
Since 2003, the school has been taking care of the church in honor of the holy Martyr Barbara.
| Spiritual school in Pskov for over 200 years | |
| Fifteenth graduation of students at the Pskov Theological School | |
| Cooperation between the Diocese and the Regional Department of Education | |
| Address of the Bishop of Zaraisk Mercury to the participants of the Round Table on May 18, 2010 | |
| XII Orthodox Educational Korniliev Readings "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture in the Modern School". |
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