Functional training (GPP and SPP)
athlete training competitive
High demands on the functional capabilities of the body should be made at the initial stages of sports training in order to increase the functional level in the learning process through means of general physical training, a wide variety of sports (sports games, swimming, running, skiing, etc.), which is assessed by the level of general physical performance . At the stages of sports improvement, high sportsmanship, functional readiness is improved through the means of accentuated special and significant general physical training, as well as the focus of training methods with varying volumes and intensity as the main parameters of the training load. This ratio of funds stimulates successful competitive activity based on the high functional readiness of the body.
Functional readiness covers the development of all body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular, etc., which provide the basic level of physical performance under training and competitive conditions. Based on the main parameters of the body’s functional systems, it is possible to determine their condition, reaction to the load being performed, recovery, the level of the athlete’s preparedness and his adaptation to the training and competitive load. The main task in the development of functional readiness is to create a level of redundancy in the body's systems, which are capable of, as a unity, ensuring high reliability during competitive actions. It is necessary to know the characteristics of the body’s parameters, their dynamics, which allows you to quickly and accurately assess the level of functional readiness of the athlete.
Regarding the training cycle of preparation, the main means of special physical training (SPT) are exercises characteristic of the chosen sport, including those of a competitive nature.
The level of development of basic physical qualities, taking into account the development of the functional systems of the athlete’s body, including the specifics of the chosen sport and accentuated qualities (strength, speed, endurance, etc.) characterize special physical training.
Thus, general physical training is carried out throughout the entire annual cycle, however, its share decreases in the main period and especially the competitive period (up to 10-20%), while the majority of time is devoted to physical training (80-90%).
Basics of technology
The task of technical training comes down to the development of skills and abilities that ensure the effective use of the athlete’s functional potential to achieve the highest results in the process of performing competitive actions, as well as systematic technical improvement at various stages of training.
The ability to perform a motor action is formed on the basis of certain knowledge about its technique, the presence of appropriate motor prerequisites as a result of a number of attempts to consciously build a given system of movements. In the process of developing motor skills, a search for the optimal variant of movement occurs with the leading role of consciousness. Repeated repetition of motor actions leads to gradual automation of the main elements of their coordination structure, and motor skill develops into a skill that is characterized by such a degree of mastery of technology in which movement control occurs automatically and actions are highly reliable.
During sports training, motor skills have an auxiliary function. It can manifest itself in two ways. Firstly, when it is necessary to achieve solid mastery of the technique of corresponding motor actions, the formation of skills is a prerequisite for the subsequent formation of motor skills. Secondly, when it is necessary to master introductory exercises for subsequent learning of more complex motor actions.
A large number of diverse motor skills is a good prerequisite for effective technical improvement and due to the fact that in the process of mastering them, athletes develop the ability for creative thinking, analysis of performed movements, improve specialized perceptions, and the ability to combine simple movements into more complex motor actions.
The monograph summarizes the data of theoretical analysis and experimental research on the problem of functional training of athletes.
The main structural components of the functional readiness of athletes are considered, the leading categories of factors that determine it are determined, and their significance is determined in accordance with the stage of long-term training and specialization.
Based on an analysis of the literature, the leading mechanisms and patterns of increasing the functional capabilities of athletes in the process of adaptation to muscular activity are identified and characterized.
The structure, means and methods of developing the main components of functional readiness are discussed in detail. The concept of comprehensive, targeted optimization of functional training is formulated.
A separate chapter presents the methodological foundations and describes methods for monitoring the main parameters of functional readiness and its integral indicator - physical performance, and substantiates a differentiated approach to its comprehensive assessment.
The book is intended for teachers and students of physical education institutions of higher education, coaches.
1.1. THE PROBLEM OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION IN SPORTS
The problem of increasing the efficiency of the process of training athletes arises whenever sports results reach new, higher levels. At the same time, the contradictions of the modern system of sports training at almost all levels are intensifying again and again.
Perhaps, there comes a moment when the understanding of sports training as a purely pedagogical process becomes a factor limiting further growth, both in technological (methodological) and methodological terms. Improving and developing the system of training athletes inevitably requires a worldview restructuring, and, above all, associated with the understanding of training as a process of formation of a biological subject. It is increasingly understood (and taken into account) that no matter what “purely pedagogical” means we manipulate, the object of influence always remains a person - a living, dynamic, extremely complex system, which has several multi-level contours of regulation and self-regulation, and is also subject to a wide range of influences from both biological and social factors.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
List of symbols.
Chapter! FUNCTIONAL PREPAREDNESS
ATHLETES.
1.1. THE PROBLEM OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION IN SPORTS.
1.2. STRUCTURE OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION OF ATHLETES.
1.2.1. Mental component of functional readiness of athletes.
1.2.2. Neurodynamic component of athletes' functional preparedness.
1.2.3. The energy component of the functional readiness of athletes.
1.2.4. Motor component of athletes' functional readiness.
1.3. FACTORS DETERMINING FUNCTIONAL PREPAREDNESS.
1.4. HIERARCHY OF INCLUSION OF DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF FACTORS IN PROVIDING VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF FUNCTIONAL PREPAREDNESS.
1.4.1. The importance of various factors in ensuring functional readiness (physical performance)
athletes at different stages of preparation.
1.4.2. The importance of various factors in ensuring functional readiness (physical performance)
among athletes of various specializations.
Chapter 2. MECHANISMS AND REGULARITIES OF DEVELOPMENT
FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITIES OF ATHLETES.
2.2. GENERAL MECHANISMS FOR INCREASING FUNCTIONAL
ATHLETES' PREPAREDNESS.
2.2. FUNCTIONAL MOBILIZATION AND ECONOMIZATION.
2.3. FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION.
Chapter 3. FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION (IMPROVEMENT
FUNCTIONALITY LEVEL).
3.1. INCREASING THE LEVEL OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION.
3.2. DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF FUNCTIONAL PREPAREDNESS.
3.2.1. Improving mental (psychofunctional) preparedness.
3.2.2. Development of the neurodynamic component of functional readiness.
3.2.3. Increasing the level of energy supply.
3.2.4. Improving motor (physical) readiness.
Chapter 4. OPTIMIZATION OF FUNCTIONAL READINESS.
4.1. THE PROBLEM OF OPTIMIZING FUNCTIONAL TRAINING OF ATHLETES.
4.2. OPTIMIZATION OF FUNCTIONAL TRAINING MANAGEMENT.
4.3. OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNICAL PREPAREDNESS.
4.4. OPTIMIZATION OF TRAINING INFLUENCES.
4.5. OPTIMIZATION OF RESTORATION PROCESSES.
Chapter 5. CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL
ATHLETES' PREPAREDNESS.
5.1. METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF CONTROL OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION OF ATHLETES.
5.2. DIAGNOSTICS OF THE STATE OF COMPONENTS OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION OF ATHLETES.
5.2.1. Diagnosis of psychofunctional readiness.
5.2.2. Assessment of the state of the neurodynamic component of functional readiness.
5.2.3. Determination of the level of energy production of athletes.
5.2.4. Study of motor (physical) readiness of athletes.
5.3. INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION OF ATHLETES.
5.4. DIFFERENTIATED COMPREHENSIVE CONTROL OF FUNCTIONAL PREPARATION OF ATHLETES.
CONCLUSION.
LITERATURE.
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What is physical and functional training of an athlete? and got the best answer
Reply from Big Bang in my head[guru]
Physical is like just general physical training. There are squats, push-ups, etc. And functional training is training aimed at developing qualities (movements) that are needed specifically for some purpose. For example, the goal: to develop a strong punch for a boxer. We take a dumbbell and begin to practice hitting with weights - this is functional training.
Answer from Day of the Insane[newbie]
we need to work and not create theories...
Answer from Vlad Ermolenko[newbie]
Functional training is aimed at developing the functional capabilities of the athlete’s body and improving the functioning of various systems (breathing, circulatory, muscular, etc.). During it, the athlete increases the physical, biochemical, physiological, morphological and other reserves of the body. Functional training is an integral element of all previously discussed types of training. Both physical training, technical and psychological are based on the development of the functional capabilities of the athlete’s body. Although all types of training are closely related to each other, functional training, in our opinion, should be distinguished as an independent type of training for several reasons: firstly, the athlete’s functional capabilities must be able to measure and plan their development; secondly, functional training largely determines the success of an athlete in the mountains.
Answer from 3 answers[guru]
Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: What is the physical and functional training of an athlete?
1Recently, it has become increasingly clear that sports training, the ultimate goal of which is to achieve the highest sports results, is aimed at developing the functional capabilities of the athlete’s body. In modern conditions, the need to increase the efficiency of the training process determines the search for new technologies that provide adequate functional training for athletes, which should go in two main directions - increasing functional reserves and improving functioning mechanisms and optimizing functional readiness, ensuring maximum efficiency in using the already achieved level of functional capabilities. Systematic differentiated control of the level of physical performance helps to increase the effectiveness of the training process. The use of dosed breathing through DMP as a means of restoration has a significant positive effect on the level of physical performance and the speed of recovery processes.
athletes
training process
functional training
1. Balsevich V.K. Contours of a new strategy for training Olympic athletes // Theory and practice of physical culture. – 2001. – No. 4. – P. 9–10.
2. Vazin A.N., Sorokin A.P., Sudakov K.V. Quantitative analysis of various modes of intense muscle load // Advances in physiological sciences. – 1978. – T. 9. – No. 3. – P. 133–148.
3. Verkhoshansky Yu.V. Fundamentals of special physical training for athletes. – M.: Physical culture and sport, 1988. – 331 p.
4. Mishchenko V.S. Functional capabilities of athletes. – Kyiv: Health, 1990. – 200 p.
5. Platonov V.N. General theory of training athletes in Olympic sports. – Kyiv: Olympic Literature, 1997. – 584 p.
6. Solopov I.N. Physiological effects of targeted influence methods on human respiratory function: monograph. – Volgograd, 2004. – 220 p.
7. Solopov I.N., Gorbaneva E.P., Chemov V.V., Shamardin A.A., Medvedev D.V., Kamchatnikov A.G. Physiological foundations of functional training of athletes: monograph. – Volgograd: VGAFK, 2010. – 346 p.
8. Fomin V.S. Physiological bases of managing the training of highly qualified athletes. – M., 1984. – 64 p.
9. Shamardin A.A. Targeted functional training of young football players: monograph. – Volgogad, 2009. – 264 p.
10. Shamardin A.I. Optimization of functional readiness of football players: monograph. – Volgograd, 2000. – 276 p.
The problem of increasing the efficiency of the process of training athletes arises whenever sports results reach new, higher levels. At the same time, the contradictions of the modern system of sports training at almost all levels are intensifying again and again.
Perhaps there comes a moment when the understanding of sports training as a purely pedagogical process becomes a factor limiting further growth in both technological (methodological) and methodological terms. Improving and developing the system of training athletes inevitably requires a worldview restructuring, and, above all, associated with the understanding of training as a process of formation of a biological subject. It is increasingly understood (and taken into account) that no matter what “purely pedagogical” means we manipulate, the object of influence always remains a person - a living, dynamic, extremely complex system, which has several multi-level contours of regulation and self-regulation, and is also subject to a wide range of influences from both biological and social factors.
Recently, it has become increasingly clear that sports training, the ultimate goal of which is to achieve the highest sports results, is aimed at developing the functional capabilities of the athlete’s body.
Each property, ability or motor quality is based on certain functional capabilities of the body, and they are based on specific functional processes. For example, such a motor quality as endurance and all its varieties will be mainly determined and limited by the level of development of the main mechanisms of energy supply - anaerobic and aerobic productivity, as well as the degree of “functional stability”, the ability to maintain a high level of functioning of the body in conditions of shifts in homeostasis.
The ratio, the share of contribution, the role of certain processes in ensuring the athlete’s performance will be determined by the specifics of the sport, which will determine “functional specialization.” In addition, functionality will be determined by such parameters as “functional reserves” and the ability to implement them - “functional mobilization”.
The very concept of “functional readiness” is very complex and multi-valued. Based on the definition of the word “function”, which in a physiological sense is interpreted as the body, organs and organ systems performing their actions, it follows that functional readiness is the body’s readiness to perform a certain activity. In this regard, the concept of “functional readiness” most accurately and completely reflects the following definition: “Functional readiness of athletes is a relatively steady state of the body, integrally determined by the level of development of the key functions for a given type of sports activity and their specialized properties, which directly or indirectly determine the effectiveness of competitive activities".
The most comprehensive idea of functional readiness can be obtained based on its four-component structure proposed by V.S. Fomin. In relation to sports, functional readiness is considered as a level of coherence of interaction (interaction) of mental, neurodynamic, energetic and motor components, organized by the cerebral cortex and aimed at achieving a given sports result, taking into account the specific type of sport and the stage of the athlete’s training.
In physical education and sports theory, technical, tactical, physical and psychological training are distinguished. The above allows us to assert that each of these aspects of sports training is based on a certain component of general functional readiness.
Keeping in mind that the performance of muscular work in sports is ensured by the activity of a large number of systems and organs, functional readiness should be understood not as a separate function of any of these organs, but as a function of a functional system that unites these organs to achieve the necessary sports result. It should be remembered that in each specific case the function of the body will be specific.
Speaking about the organization and implementation of training for athletes, we can highlight two main areas of functional training for athletes:
1. Increasing functional reserves and improving functioning mechanisms. Such aspects as “functional economization”, “functional specialization” and “functional mobilization” should also be considered as components of these processes.
2. Optimization of functional readiness, i.e. ensuring maximum efficiency in using the existing (achieved) level of functionality. At the same time, as our early studies have shown, such optimization must be comprehensive, affecting all the main aspects and the control link of the functional training process.
Sometimes functional and physical training (readiness) are equated. It should be noted that the motor component of functional readiness is nothing more than physical fitness.
Another component of functional readiness is energy. The level of development of the basic mechanisms of energy supply is the main and integral part of physical fitness. It should be said that other components of functional readiness (neurodynamic and mental) are somehow linked to the performance of a motor act.
From here it is quite clear that all components of functional readiness in sports are developed by practically the only means - muscle loads, organized in a certain way within the framework of a specific biomechanical structure, i.e. physical exercise.
Yu.V. Verkhoshansky notes that the leading role in the formation of intersystem relations in the body and the development of the adaptation process under conditions of intense muscular activity belongs to the locomotor system, or more precisely, to the mode of its operation. In this regard, the main attention in the training process should be paid to the methods of developing the motor component - physical fitness.
However, it should be remembered that the training of an athlete should be focused on the development and improvement of precisely those functional reserves and processes in the body that mainly determine specific performance. Undoubtedly, when using only physical exercises, all these processes are improved as a result of the process of adaptation to muscular activity and physical activity. At the same time, the effectiveness of preparation and the adaptation process itself can be significantly increased by using targeted, additional means of influencing various aspects of the functioning of the body.
In modern conditions this is especially relevant. Currently, the volume and intensity of training loads in sports have reached critical values, the further growth of which significantly exceeds the resources of the physiological capabilities of the human body and is limited by social factors. In this regard, the task of developing new technologies for optimizing adaptation processes, searching for alternative approaches to the use of effective additional means that can significantly expand the range of adaptive changes at the achieved level of volume and intensity of training loads and increase the efficiency of specific muscle activity in sports arises.
A way out of this situation can be found in the use of additional factors that optimize the training effects of the physical exercises used.
It is known that muscle loads contribute to the consolidation of changes in functional systems that characterize the adaptogenic effect and determine the targeted training of the body’s resistance to various extreme influences. The systematic use of muscle loads is a targeted effect on the body, optimizing the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and increasing performance. At the same time, the effectiveness of adaptation to systematic muscle loads can be significantly increased through the use of means and methods of purposefully improving the functional capabilities of the body as a whole, as well as its individual systems, in particular the respiratory system. These targeted effects on the body act as an additional adaptogenic factor and, when used in conjunction with muscle loads, significantly enhance the effect of their impact.
As a means of creating additional load, it is proposed to use the following methods of influencing the respiratory system: breathing through an additional “dead” space (ADS), breathing with increased resistive and elastic resistance, voluntary hypoventilation. These effects enhance the influence of training loads on the body and contribute to the formation of more advanced adaptation mechanisms.
The second most important aspect of functional training for athletes - optimization of functional readiness - has been the object of our close attention for a number of years.
In our opinion, the conditions for successful optimization of the functional readiness of athletes are, first of all, the following: clarification of the necessary focus and increasing the degree of impact of the mastered training loads, targeted acceleration of recovery processes, rationalization of the system of adequate comprehensive control.
Since optimizing the functional readiness of athletes is primarily associated with improving the management of the training process, when programming effects on the body, the entire range of factors that, to one degree or another, influence the real and formed levels of physical performance of athletes must be taken into account. In particular, it is very important to take into account factors such as age, qualifications, and training period.
We proceed from the fact that optimal dynamics of functional readiness can be ensured only in the presence of an effective control system, which is an integral part of the management process. At the same time, control and assessment of functional readiness as a multifactor system should be carried out comprehensively across all the main components that make it up. When organizing comprehensive monitoring of athletes' preparedness, it should be taken into account that at various stages of long-term sports training, the contribution to ensuring the performance of various body reserves is unequal.
A differentiated approach to diagnosing physical performance and the reasonable use of control results in the subsequent training process contribute to the successful optimization of the functional readiness of athletes by increasing the role of leading factors for a certain stage of training when connecting and activating factors of “higher” categories.
As a result of the experiments, it turned out that a complex control system differentiated in accordance with the stage of preparation and the role of various factors in ensuring physical performance, combined with timely correction of the structure of training loads, emphasizing the latter along the lines of “dominant” factors for the corresponding stage of preparation, causes significant progress precisely in current directions and, as a result, significantly more effectively increase the level of functional readiness of athletes in general, making it more balanced.
The results obtained allow us to conclude that systematic differentiated control of the level of physical performance helps to increase the effectiveness of the training process and is an effective factor in optimizing and rationalizing the training of athletes.
The results of our research to determine the effectiveness of using targeted influences on the respiratory system of athletes suggest that they increase the effectiveness of normal training loads. The use of these means contributes to the effectiveness of physical and functional training, which is expressed in a significant increase in special physical fitness, physical performance, aerobic performance and optimization of the state of the respiratory system.
Experiments have convincingly shown that targeted effects on respiratory function can be successfully used in the training of athletes. This to a certain extent expands the arsenal of training tools and diversifies the training process, creating an additional stimulus. There is an additional opportunity to individualize the training of athletes based on targeted influence on individual aspects of functional readiness associated with the specifics of muscle activity, for example, in connection with a certain playing role of football players.
Along with the development of methods that enhance the impact of physical exercise and increase the intensity of the training process, it is necessary to improve and introduce into the practice of training athletes an adequate system for restoring the body after training and competitive loads, especially in the acute period.
Dosed inhalation of moderately hypoxic-hypercapnic gas mixtures can be considered a very promising direction for optimizing recovery processes. Thus, it has been shown that short-term breathing through the DMP accelerates the course of recovery processes in the acute period of restitution.
The results of the experiments showed that the use of dosed breathing through DMP as a means of restoration has a significant positive effect on the level of physical performance and the speed of recovery processes, which is the basis for a significant increase in the indicators of special physical fitness of athletes.
The above allows us to conclude that in modern conditions, in the training process of athletes, not only physical exercises should be used, structuring them in various ways within the framework of certain methods, but it is also imperative to use them not as additional, but as integrative components of a means of targeted influence on key for a certain specific sports activity, functional processes, properties, functional systems and the organism as a whole. In addition, improving the functional readiness of athletes should follow the path of its comprehensive target optimization. There is no doubt the necessity and effectiveness of taking into account the laws of adaptation, differentiating loads according to the direction of impact depending on the individual characteristics of athletes, the stage of long-term training, further rationalization of the system of rehabilitation measures, objectification of monitoring the dynamics of the condition of athletes during the educational and training process.
Reviewers:
Vershinin M.A., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Education, Volgograd State Academy of Physical Culture, Volgograd;
Zolotarev A.P., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Theory and Methodology of Football and Rugby, Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, Krasnodar.
The work was received by the editor on November 29, 2013.
Bibliographic link
Shamardin A.A., Solopov I.N. FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF TRAINING ATHLETES // Fundamental Research. – 2013. – No. 10-13. – S. 2996-3000;URL: http://fundamental-research.ru/ru/article/view?id=32952 (access date: 03/18/2020). We bring to your attention magazines published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural Sciences"
key words: methodology, boxing, physical education, loads, scientific
The process of training a modern specialist in the field of physical culture and sports determines the need to form a systematic understanding of the process of training athletes. The development of a paradigm for systematic training in sports will make it possible to link all currently available ideas about the training process into a single, purposeful scientific and practical complex.
The following premises served as the basis for the development of a functional training system that allows a unidirectional approach to an individual record result.
The first is the modern idea of a person as a multi-structured, multi-layered, dynamic form, constantly changing in time and space under the influence of the environment, which is also changing dynamically.
The second is the idea of the training load, which in its standard application, which is typical for the vast majority of sports, in the first training will be maximum, in the second - large, in the third training - moderate, in the fourth - indifferent, and in the fifth - it will become harmful, i.e. .To. the psyche of an athlete who comes to training is aimed at overcoming training work of a developmental nature, and already in the fourth performance it does not cause the necessary changes in the athlete’s body, and this forms a negative attitude towards training on the part of the psyche of the trainee.
The third premise is the concept of the training load, as the product of the time it takes to complete the training work and the indicator of its intensity, measured by heart rate, with a fixed idea of the intensity of the training load, sufficiently developed in various sports, the variable value is the time the exercises are performed in different power zones of training work. The following five-stage functional training system meets all of the above positions.
The first stage of the system is loads of moderate power (such as jogging), where the pulse varies in the range of 140-150 beats/min, the work time tends to infinity, exercises are performed without rest intervals, changing the types of exercises for different muscle groups determines the effectiveness of recovery. muscles that were previously working.
The second stage is training work in a high-power zone, where the pulse varies from 150 to 170 beats/min, work time is 15-30 minutes, rest interval is 3-6 minutes.
The third stage is work in the zone of submaximal power, where the pulse varies from 170 to 186 beats/min, the work time is 3-6 minutes, and the rest time between work segments varies from 1 to 2 minutes.
The fourth stage is work in the zone of maximum load, where the pulse rises to 200 beats/min, the operating time varies from 10 to 60 seconds. and the rest time is determined by the interval of heart rate recovery to 120 beats/min.
The fifth stage is work in the zone of record results, which is determined by specific forms of preparation (control assessments, fights, fights, etc.), as well as the creation of conditions close to the conditions of competitions. This requires appropriate mental and psychological preparation.
This is a five-stage system - a door with five locks and the key to this door are the ratios of the volumes of working time / total / between the stages, which look like this: the first stage to the second stage, as 2: 1, the second stage to the third stage, as 3: 1 , the third step to the fourth step, as 5:1; fourth degree to fifth degree, as 7:1. In this case, we are talking only about the pure time of training work, excluding rest intervals.
The need for such a system construction is determined by the laws established by leading Russian physiologists, which indicate that the effectiveness of training work in a higher power zone is determined by the required amount of time for training work in the zone of the previous lower power and, on the other hand, work in the high power zone requires an appropriate set operating time in areas of lower power. The presented key, the ratio of loads in zones of different powers, is just a blank, a blank of the key, and the key itself is formed by the athlete and the coach individually, focusing on the proposed ratios and based on the individual abilities of the athlete.
Work on mastering a systematic approach to training begins with determining the maximum physical capabilities of the trainee in the zone of moderate loads, and then the result obtained is prolonged to the remaining zones, according to the proposed relationships. A constant increase in training time in the zone of moderate loads and a corresponding change in other zones will inevitably lead to the appearance of an individual record result for the athlete.
The presented system of functional training for athletes is universal and can be used to program one workout, including all proposed power zones, which is typical for the training process from a beginner to a 1st category athlete. When modeling the training of highly qualified athletes, it is advisable to use planning of separate training sessions for each power zone. This will make it possible to simulate both the microcycle /five zones - five classes/, and meso- and macrocycles, and the leading principle in such planning becomes the principle of the unity of general and special physical training, where the leading importance is given to general physical training. This use of the principle in the system will solve the problem of maintaining “mental freshness” and more productively lead the athlete to an individual record result.
The above-described system was first used when programming the three stages of training junior boxers for the X World Championship, which took place in 1998 in Buenos Aires / Argentina /. For the first time in the history of Soviet-Russian boxing, our athletes won the first team place, taking 2 first, 2 second and 6 third places, which is an undoubted confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed functional training system.
Vasiliev G.F., Savin G.I.
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