The cortk is a cold-core weapon, characterized by a thin faceted blade. It is worn on a leather spooler without a sheath on the belt. The cortica is a type of dagger. A cortic appeared at the end of the XVI century. And used as combat weapons in boarding battles. By the end of the XVII century. The corter ceases to be used for direct purpose and goes into the category of distinctive, honorary and gift weapons.
Initially, the cort was an attribute of an exclusively form of an officer of the Navy, as well as officers of the Federal Fleet of Russia. There were attempts to assign a cortic wearing with some land military ranks, which, however, were not crowned with success - the critics of the ground forces were replaced by sabers.
At the beginning of the XIX century. The corter finally becomes a sign of the difference between the merchant fleet. Just like the sword, the cortic was an honorable weapon - only senior officers of naval forces had the right to wear it. The official approval of the law on the obligatory wear of the cortica as an attribute of the parade form was signed in 1851. Initially, this rule was distributed exclusively on the employees of the courts of the Russian-American company Caucasus and Mercury, but soon became the main requirement of the entire fleet.
In November 1917, the official decree wearing the cortic was canceled. But already in 1924, this type of weapon was returned to the armor of the working and peasant red fleet. Two years later, the cortic was rejected again, and only in 1940 his wearing was finally established. So the cortic became a privileged type of weapon of the command naval composition.
The cortk is also used in the modern Russian army as a privileged weapon, the right to wearing the graduates of naval schools. Earlier combat, this weapon is no longer used for direct purpose and is used only in the form of a sign of distinction, sign of belonging to the Russian fleet.
Often the cort is used as a gift weapon. At the same time, he may have a dear decor in the form of a mural, engraving on a blade, finishing of handles and gards. In this case, the preference is used by the legendary beauty and grace products of the Zlatoust Armory Plant.
Varieties of Corticov
Cortor aviation officer of 1914. Kortk (Russia), army weapons 1914-1917. Length with a blade of 350 mm (blade 250 mm), width of 22 mm, mass with sheath 300 g.
Cortor army sample of 1935. Shaped corter of the army officer (Germany). Length 370 mm (325 mm blade).
Cortor army sample of 1945. Foremented officer cortic of the USSR.
Cortor of the air force of the 1943 sample. The shaped cortk officer of the German Air Force. Length 448 mm (305 mm blade).
Cortor of the air force of the 1937 sample. Foreigned Kortk Officer of the German Air Force Germany. Length 380 mm (blade 250 mm)
Kortik of the air force of the 1945 sample. Foreigned cortki officer of the USSR Air Force. Length 340 mm (blade 212 mm).
Cortor of the navy sample 1945. Foreigned cortki officer Navy of the USSR. Length 340 mm (blade 212 mm).
Kortk diplomats and government officials. Foreigned crust of diplomats and government officials (Germany).
The crust of the treasure forest. Forest crust of the forest (Russia). Length 335 mm (blade 230 mm).
Cortor commander of the navy in 1919 sample. Shaped cortk for the command formulation of the Navy RSFSR. Length 400 mm (blade 277 mm).
Cortor commander of the navy in the 1940 sample. Cort officers Navy of the USSR. Length 340 mm (blade 212 mm).
Cortor commander of the civil fleet. The shaped cortic of the commander of the composition of the Civil Fleet of the USSR, 1920-1930. Length 410 mm (300 mm blade).
Cortk-Malcus. A large cortk used by the Connection of the gendarmes (France) to overrubing the rolling sleeves in the infantry and warriors with light cavalry, horse gunners.
Cort Marshall. Molded crick of marshals of the USSR. Length 340 mm (blade 212 mm).
Cortor Sea Courier Sample 1858. Russian army weapons from 1858 to 1917. Length 600 mm (500 mm blade), width 23 mm, sheath mass 1200 g.
Cortor marine sample 1913. Tabel Sea Cort (Russia). Length 335 mm (blade 240 mm).
Cortor marine officer sample 1803 years. Russian army weapons 1803-1917 since 1914 had an imperial monogram on the stall. Length 500 mm (blade 390 mm), width 22 mm, scabbard 500 g.
Cortkog societies "Sogor" and "Zemgor". Foremented crust of Russian societies "Sogor" and "Zemgor". Length 335 mm (blade 230 mm).
Kortk postman's sample 1820. Postman Kortk in Russia 1820-1855. Length 710 mm (600 mm blade), width 30 mm.
USSR Kortk Navy (marine) Bulat 1976 Original. Included with a "native" suspension on the belt. This is a standard shaped cortkie officer of the USSR Navy, which is serial. This item is released by the Bulat plant in 1976. Excellent condition, deep gilt and nickel-plated coating without damage.
Dimensions: Length Total: 340 mm, Shang Length: 320 mm, Length of blade: 215 mm
Description: Steel, straight, flat, rhombic, two-season, nickel-plated.
Handle: straight, ivory, rectangular sections, with chamfer. From above and below there are conical ftuels. On the top bushing there is a postponed image of the coat of arms of the USSR. From above on a blade shank screwed a rectangular nut with a five-pointed star on a round shield.
Cross: straight, flat, with curved endings rounded endings - up and down. Performed from polished brass.
Woods: wooden, covered with black leather. The device is brass, with gear edges, consists of a mouth, a lug and tip. The mouth of the front side is decorated with an image of a star with a sickle and a hammer in the frame of oak branches and divergent rays, on the reverse side depicted the Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin. At the mouth and the nut there are mobile rings for belts and tights.
Safety condition: The item is in a very good collection state.
Historical reference: After 1917, in the Navy of the USSR, the officers wore cortiks of a pre-revolutionary sample until 1940. In 1940, a new cort was adopted for maritime officers, which in 1945 was slightly modernized and acquired his final appearance. From the same year, the cortic is accepted for wearing a marine form of clothing for Michmans and Starin of the Navy. Based on the marine cortica arr. 1945, only with another symbolism on the sheath, was developed and adopted in 1945 by the army officer cortic and the crust of the air force officers. However, the production of corticists for the army and military aviation was postponed for several years, primarily due to the causes of an economic nature. Therefore, in the Air Force, the Kortk appeared in 1949, and in the army - only in 1955
After the Great Patriotic War, a new form of cortic was adopted - with a flat steel chrome-plated rhombus of a diamond cross-section with a length of 215 mm. The total length of the entire cortic was 320 mm. On the right side of his handle there is a latch, a prevention blade from scabbard. The handle of the tetrahed form is made of plastic under the elephant bone. The lower jack, the head and the crosses of the handle are made of colored gold-plated metal. A five-pointed star is superimposed on the head of the handle and the image of the coat of arms of the USSR is applied. Wooden sheath, covered with black leather, varnished. The device has a sheath (two burners and tip) are made of colored gold-plated metal. At the top and bottom of the roads there are rings for the tissue. The product and the belt are made of gilded threads.
At the hearing, it was established that the Kortk of the Navy of Russia, the sample of 1945, a total long 320 mm, with a length of the blade of 212 mm, the greatest width of the blade 17.5 ± 0.5 mm, the blade thickness of 4.0 ± 0.75 mm, the length of the handle Cort 108 mm. Serial is produced. Cork blade chrome steel straight, from carbon doped steel, two-sided with a double-edged sharpening, a diamond cross section. In the Soviet Armed Forces and in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the cortic is the affiliation of the front-end form not only of the Fleet officers, but also admirals, generals, officers, midshipmen and ensigns of all kinds of troops, but only in the Navy is a personal officer weapon.
In accordance with Art. 2, 5 and 6 of the Federal Law of December 13, 1996 No. 150-FZ "On Arms" Weapons are divided into civil, service, combat hand-made rifle and cold. Cold weapons include a weapon intended for solving combat and operational tasks, while in the territory of the Russian Federation there is a turnover of cold clink weapons, with the length of the blade and the blades of more than 90 mm.
The standards outlined above, make it possible to conclude that the marine corter is the personal weapon of the officer, in its purpose relates to the combat-cutting-cutting cold weapons and is worn on a special guidance in the parade for building the form of clothing.
Moreover, it was established that independent wearing servicemen or citizens of the cortician officer Navy, without a parade form of clothing, is not provided by the current legislation.
From the above, it follows that the cortic Navy is currently actually an ammunition of the military form of clothing and is worn only with a parade form of clothing with military personnel and citizens dismissed from military service, which is given the right to carry military uniforms of the military, subject to the affordable persons to the naval Fleet.
In the future, the indicated norm was distributed to officers of other types of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. However, with the collapse of the USSR and the change in the samples of the produced weapons, the Cortiks of the USSR, and with the disintegration of the GDR and German production, acquired the status of antique items, which indicates the official state symbolism of non-existent states available on both samples, as well as the dates of the issue of items that have Service life of more than 50 years, which does not comply with the limit regulations of the aircraft for location in the armament of the current weapons.
In connection with the above, the Cortiks of the USSR Armed Forces and the People's Army, the GDR are currently subject to antiques.
Source: http://www.ebftour.ru/articles.htm?id\u003d9610
Historical and legal certificate: Cortiks adopted by the Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of September 12, 1940 No. 1673 "On the introduction of a cortic for military personnel of the Navy" (declared by order of the People's Commissar of the USSR Navy on September 20, 1940 No. 574).
The cortk is a type of weapon with a direct short double-edged blade. For the first time the cort appeared at the end of the XVI century. Currently, the cortic is one of the items of clothing in naval fleets of various states. In the Soviet Navy, the corter is worn with a parade, sidelide and everyday (for building) forms of admirals, generals, officers, midshipmen and ensigns. In the Soviet Army Cort. The generals, officers and ensigns are worn on a special indication on parades in Moscow, Leningrad, other cities of the heroes and the capitals of the Union republics.
Cortiks presented on our website are divided as on (general-official corticists) that can be used in uniforms of military personnel of all kinds of troops and corticity of a narrow orientation, which are used in uniforms of a certain kind of troops. To date, Cortiks are increasingly able to meet in private collections of cold weapons.
Kortk in the Armed Forces of Russia
In Russia, the cort appeared under Peter I. In addition to sea officers, in the 18th century it was worn and some ranks of the ground forces. In the 1730, the corter replaced the sword from non-confidential army ranks. In 1777, Henser-Officer officers instead of the sword received a cortk new sample, which could fit on a shortened Doro-charging rifle - a fitting - before hand-to-hand fight.
In 1803, the wearing of corticists as personal weapons of officers and the Martharyarines of the Russian Navy were ordered, there were cases when the cortk could replace the sword or maritime officer saber. Later was introduced a special cortic for couriers of the Maritime Ministry. In 1903, the right of carrying corticists did not receive officers - the Fleet Machine Conditions, but in 1909 and the rest of the Fleet Conductors.
In the early 19th century, the blade of the Russian naval cortica had a square cross section and a handle from ivory with a metal cross. The end of 30-cm blade was double-edged. The total length of the cortica was 39 cm. On wooden sheaths, covered with black skin, two bronze gold-plated burners were planned at the top of the rings with rings to betenly, and in the bottom for the strength of the sheath - the tip. The spinning of black multilayer silk was decorated with bronze gilded lion's heads. Instead of Blyakh, a snake was fastened in the form of a snake, curved like the Latin letter S. Symbols in the form of lion's heads were borrowed from the coat of arms of the Russian kings of the Romanov dynasty. In the middle of the 19th century, two-chain rhinestone blades were distributed, and from the end of the 19th century, the four-sided needle-type blades. The size of the blades, especially in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century, was greatly different. Wedge decorations could be different, often they were images associated with the marine theme.
Over time, the length of the blade from the cortic is slightly decreased. The Russian sea crust of the 1913 sample had a 240 mm long blade and a metal handle. A few later, the handle has been changed, and the metal on it remained only in the form of a lower ring and tip.
The Russian naval officer was obliged to wear a cortk for any of his appearance on the shore. The exception was the front officer form: in this case, the cortic was replaced by the sea saber and the executioner. Being in the service in the coastal facilities of the fleet, the naval officer also had to wear a cortk. But on the ship wearing the cortica was mandatory only for the Watch Chief.
In 1914, the cortic became the affiliation of a certain form of clothing in aviation, aeronautical parts, minefare, car parts. Army aircraft corticists differed from the marine handles of black. In August 1916, cortiks replaced checkers from obur-officers and military officials (except cavalry and artillery). In November 1916, military doctors received corticists. In March 1917, the wearing corticov was distributed to all generals, officers and military officials of all military units, except in cases of riding. Since May 1917, officers, graduates of military schools, began to receive corticists instead of checkers.
In November 1917, the cortic wear was canceled. For the first time, the cortica was returned to the command composition of the working and peasant red fleet in 1924, but in two years he was again abolished and only in 1940 finally approved as a personal weapon of the fleet command composition.
After the Great Patriotic War, a new form of a cortic was adopted - with a flat steel chrome-plated rhombus of a diamond cross-section with a length of 215 mm (the length of the entire cortic is 320 mm). On the right side of his handle there is a latch, a prevention blade from scabbard. The handle of the tetrahed form is made of plastic under the elephant bone. The lower jack, the head and the crosses of the handle are made of colored gold-plated metal. A five-pointed star is superimposed on the head of the handle and the image of the coat of arms of the USSR is applied. Wooden sheath, covered with black leather, varnished. The device has a sheath (two burners and tip) are made of colored gold-plated metal. On the upper street, on the right side, anchor is depicted, with the left - sailing ship. At the top and bottom of the roads there are rings for the tissue. The product and the belt are made of gilded threads. On the belt there is an oval clasp from non-ferrous metal with anchor. Buckles to regulate the length of the tightness are also made of non-ferrous metal with anchors. The belt with the flavors is put on top of the front-end clothing so that the cortic is on the left side. Persons of the duty and the driver service (officers and Michmanam) wearing the cortician is determined on top of the blue nicer or overcoat.
The cortkite as a personal weapon, together with Lieutenanthi purses, is awarded to graduates of the highest naval schools simultaneously with the delivery of a diploma to the graduation of a higher educational institution and the assignment of the first officers. The corter is worn in the rubbiness of the admirals, generals and officers of the Russian naval forces of Russia, as well as midshipmen with a parade form and during the carrying on duty and the driver service.
In the Soviet Armed Forces and in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the cortic is the affiliation of the front-end form not only of the Fleet officers, but also admirals, generals, officers, midshipmen and ensigns of all kinds of troops, but only in the Navy is a personal officer weapon. Currently, sea critics and cortiks of other generics of troops vary emblems.
Russian village courts
Since the beginning of the 19th century, the cort appears in the Russian Fleet Fleet. At first he had the right to wear former naval officers. In 1851 and 1858, when approving the uniforms of employees on the Judicros and American company and the Society "Caucasus and Mercury", the right to weistering by the command staff of the maritime officer cortic was officially approved. In 1904, the marine officer cortk, but not with a white bone, but with a black wooden handle, was assigned to the great ranks of the state shipping, fishing and visual surveillance. The civilian sea cortk was wore on the belt, black lacquered
Since 1911, such a cortica was allowed to wear on a buddic form (Sultuka): the ranks of port agencies; When visiting the ports - officials of the department of trading ports and the inspections of trade navigation of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. With ordinary office classes, the chief management of trade navigation and ports were allowed to be without weapons.
In 1850-1870, the civilian type cortiks were the belonging of uniforms of some repairs of the repair telegraph guide: a separation manager, an assistant manager, mechanics and an auditor. In 19, the cortic was even affiliated with the uniforms of Russian postmen.
During the First World War, Cortiks wore members of the "Union of Cities" (Sogbor) and the "Joint Union Union and Cities Unions" (Zemgor) - All-Russian organizations created in 1914-1915 at the initiative of the liberal intelligentsia in order to assist the government in organizing medical care, Supply of the army, help to refugees, work fine and handicraft industry.
The existence of a shellary, as sphere of human activity, gave the world a mass of copies of cold weapons. Responding to the requests of time, the sabers, a variety of daggers, swords, remaining only acquiring the past and valuable rarity, arose and left. Among this, the abundance of models and samples of knives is especially highlighted sea Cort. Its popularity is explained by the long tradition of practical and symbolic use. In addition, it is confidently to declare that this type of knife is one of the most recognizable and popular, despite its rather solid age.
Era cortica like cold weapons
The emergence of the corticity was the result of non-ephemeral reflections on the need for a diversity in weapons, but a harsh practical necessity. It is connected with the view of the melee, which arises due to the abortion.
Everyone is known to this without a doubt the romantic era of walking under the sail, long marine adventures that were full of dangers and surprises. After all, it has not been to reckon with the lowness of nature and maritime gods, so also face such a merciless enemy as pirates.
In the distant XVI century, when meeting with "sea robbers," a little, a little ship was able to avoid Abordaja. Its essence came down to the approach of the attacking ship close to a potential victim, after which the real hand-to-hand combat battle began, the results of which were directly depended on the ability to wrapping not only fists, but also cold, firearms.
The firearms were used then, but it had a number of significant disadvantages related to the possibility of drying on, with a digestible gunpowder. The cold weapons remained correct always, it was worth only to be able to wrap it. The following main types of blades were used in the boarding battle:
- rapier;
- sword;
- interel.
Only looking at the photo of these samples, you can determine their main disadvantage with this kind of battles - bulky sizes. In conditions of limited deck space, where hundreds of people have come together, and even the countless ropes have prevented, this is not the most successful characteristic for accurate and efficient blows. The knives existing at that time, on the contrary, were too small, and, therefore, not effective. Thus, an empty niche in the boarding cold weapons was formed, which was filled sea courts.
First Sea Cortiks: Description
As the story says, the cortk for the first time began to use the British and initially he was a kind of modernized version or saber, or dagger. Subsequently, two main types of this combat weapons were distinguished:
- english (was distinguished by a saber-shaped blade, which was raised only on the one hand);
- french (these were Cortiks with a straight blade).
That at that time was sea courtsWell illustrates the preserved description of this weapon, which belonged to an unpretentious sailor of the English fleet. It was a double-edged, narrow blade, whose length reached 36 cm. It had a wide gutter (according to which the blood of the enemy flowed) for rigidity and impressive sizes Garda to protect the hand. It was intended for the application of stitching, chopping, cutting wounds and perfectly approached the boarding battle with all his small maneuverability and the need for accurate and fast blows. In addition, they were convenient to calculate the plastic armor, which were loved to use Spanish soldiers. Previously, such tricks managed except with the use of sword or alabard - not the best options for a ship deck driving in opponents.
Unified standards at that time did not exist, only approximate size was followed, silhouette, details depended directly from the owner's fancy.
Since the XVII century, gunsmiths began to produce Garda of the transverse form, than somewhat unified cortic. But the form continued to variety, it could be:
- conducting Garda;
- bent forward / back;
- S-shaped;
- in the form of figures (prostrate wings, for example).
Significant differences had cortor marine officers. They concluded in a rich decoration, inlays, both the blade itself and the sheath, which were a prerequisite for carrying this weapon.
Russian marine cortic
In Russia, a new type of cold weapons brought Peter I from his famous European travel. Its device was similar to initially, differences consisted in sample sizes. Thus, the Russian corticist was a double-edged blade of 63 cm. Its handle was decorated with wrought iron in the shape of a figure 5. The sheath was made of a simple tree, covered with black leather and accounted for 54 cm. The main value was inlaid. The blade was generously equipped with ornaments that are symbols of the victories of the state (on the sheath - symbols of victories over Sweden), and the inscription even was concerned on the handle: "Vivat to our monarch". At the moment, the sample is irretrievably lost.
It was this king, and afterwards the emperor, made a cort for regular weapons of Russian naval forces. This meant that his wearing is obligatory to everyone: from soldiers to the officers of the maritime department. Given the then achievements of this kind of troops and their participation in the life of the country, naval cort Quickly became a certain symbol of the valor of the Russian Fleet. Moreover, despite all the historical peripetics, it remains so today.
The situation in the radically changed with the death of the Great Tsar reformer. The value of this weapon was rapidly leveled, with which the sample admiration in the ranks of other types of troops, in particular land. Soon it became simple weapon, which was given even to civilian officials.
At the end of the XVIII century naval cortic Stopped used as cold weapons. It was directly related to the disheem in the past of the boarding battles and the eclipse of its other types of weapons. Since then, the cortic has been gained and reached our days more symbolic role, which is particularly illustrated by the example of an officer's composition, which, if and used it, as personal cold weapons.
Since 1803, the first Russian standard for wearing and the image of this blade was introduced. Now sea Military Cort Presented a double-edged square of the square section with a length of 30 cm (with a handle - 39 cm), whose handle was made of ivory. The latter circumstance did a cort for the subject of luxury, which was inherited and burned as Zenitsa Oka. To have such a blade was prestigious and honorable, and now every member of the officers of the maritime department (including even couriers) was obliged to acquire them and wear with any form of clothing.
Over time, cheaper materials began to be used in the handle finish, the blade length decreased to 24 cm. In 1914 tsarsky Sea Kortikallowed to wear then aviation. The fact is that in those days it was called the "air fleet". If the seafarers perceived this news more or less calmly, after permission to carry the initial weapons by military doctors, officials, and followed by them and land officers, "people of the sea" were extremely unhappy.
When the royal period of Russian history ended, the time of the former greatness and honor of the cortica. In fact, he was abolished in 1917, and returned to him only after decades, during the Second World War.
It was in 1940 that it was approved as a mandatory attribute for the entire top layer of the fleet command. But soviet sea corticsome differed from previous models. The developed form in 1945 was the most noticeably difference in the presence of a latch, which kept the weapons in the sheaths, so that it did not slip. Traditionally cortiks of marine officers The Soviet period was made by the Zlatoust Instrumental Combine, which is famous for its works and so-in.
He represented a straight, alien blade of a diamond cross section, so that in the thickness the product seemed very thin. Carbonped alloy steel was used as the starting material. Its length is 21.5 cm (total length - 32 cm), weight - 270 gr. without sheath. It was a nickel-plated blade, which in its properties more corresponded to the parade, symbolic purpose, rather than combat.
Handle collapsible and made of plastic stylized under elephant bone. It has a traditional image of the coat of arms and stars of the USSR for those times. The sheaths had a wooden insert, covered with black leather. All metal parts made from brass with a golden coating, which over time has the property to be stitched.
An anchor and ship was applied on the scoothes of the officer of the maritime department, while the images of the Red Star and Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin were applied for ground forces.
In accordance with the standards, the Soviet crust, and along with him, the sample of the Russian Federation is the parade weapon, which must be armed with all the ranks, ranging from the generals and ending with ensigns of all kinds of troops. However, for the Navy left a privileged position, which was to resolve the use of the cortic as a personal officer weapon. He was issued along with obtaining a diploma of higher military education, as well as on the case of assigning a certain title.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Russian corter borrowed several countries, including Germany. The Germans accepted a somewhat modified model that armed a German officer in 1919. It was a clinic of 23 cm long (total length - 34 cm), which had two dollars along the midline. The Germans loved to decorate it with a variety of etching devoted to the marine subject. Inserts on the handle, Garde, and the sheaths were made from brass and had a scaly surface. The handle was twisted and was performed from plastics. Visually, German Cort sea officer It was possible to distinguish from the Russian sample about those times precisely by the ribbies of the blade, the spherical shape of the tip of the handle and gard.
rather, his sample, changed stylistically with the arrival in Germany of the Nazi government, which was displayed on all types of cold weapons, including on cortic. Thus, a model of 1938 was a slightly longer blade of 35 cm, which had a characteristic head of the handle. It was an eagle with folded wings, which kept the swastika in his claws.
Most typical and find out german Cort Marine Officer Sample 1961, which was in service with the Army GDR until 1983. In his blade, the main features of previous developments have been preserved. So, he had a diamond-shaped section with a pair of narrow dollars and was covered with a nickel layer. The length was 25 cm, the total length is 36 cm. However, now there was no speech bladder decoration, its surface was concise and simple. The thickness of the blade cortka was significantly less from the Soviet model and was only 1.7 cm.
The handle had a round shape with a characteristic twisted surface. Her head had the emblem GDR and was collapsible. Interesting in the form of a cross, lowered the ends of which were decorated with acorns.
On the sheaths there was also an image of an oak with a sheet and, of course, the national coat of arms. The form had a long mouth with a ball tip. For fastening, there were two standard rings.
The speech is rare about the weakiness, but it also entered the mandatory kit for carrying the corticity and was a pair of straps with a length of 17 and 21 cm. They were covered with golden color and had a wool lining. All decorative elements were also oak leaves that symbolized the unity of the nation, durability and immortality - the quality of the first importance for the German nation.
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Vladimir Putin said that " cortiki officers need to return" With these words, he completed his annual large press conference in response to the question of Captain of the 1st Rank, which said that in the last two years, Cortiks are discarded from the Navy officers. Tradition stay with cortic After serving from the service existed in Russia since Peter I, but was canceled in 2013.
Within the big one press conferences of the President of Russia Vladimir Putin The chance of the latter ask the question fell a journalist from Sevastopol, the captain of the 1st rank retired Sergey Gorbachevwhich represented the newspaper "New Chernomorets". Gorbachev reminded that the fleet is a conservative organization, which "largely keeps on traditions." As it turned out, from recently, one of these traditions was eliminated - we served on the fleet of 20 years or more (dismissal from the Navy rows with a service for less than 20 years does not give the rights to wearing military uniforms) officers ceased to give the corticists they receive after the end of military schools .
"I do not quite understand who needs my cortk"
"There is such a tradition, this is a privilege, a system of encouragement, when an officer, dismissed to the reserve, dismissed with the right of wearing form, and at the same time the fleet form of clothing envisaged the sea cortic. Approximately over the past two years, the sea corter from officers began to be withdrawn, "said Sergey Gorbachev to President Sergey Gorbachev.
"So I served 36 years old on a fleet, I do not quite understand who needs my cortk with the image of the coat of arms of the Soviet Union. If you, as the Supreme Commander, accept the decision to leave the officers from the officers to leave, as it was in Imperial Russia, and in the Soviet Union, and in our new Russian history, I think that thousands of fleet officers will be grateful to you, and together They will be grateful to their children, sons, grandchildren, great-grandchildren who will serve Russia on the oceans, on Fleets. Thank you, "he turned to Vladimir Putin.
The president answered consent to this request. "Cortiki officers need to be returned," the Supreme Commander said.
Best Arms with Abordage
Cortiks first appeared in the XVI century in the fleet for the boarding attacks. Under the emperor, Peter I, the cortic was introduced in a Russian fleet. In 1730, Empress Anna Ioannovna approved the rules of weapons and amumboids, which abolished wearing a long sword from a number of military ranks and replaced it to a cortk.
During the XIX - early XX century, the cortica entered the authorized form of land officers, aviators, as well as civilian officials - postmen, huntsmen, forestry. By that time, he had already lost importance as a weapon, becoming an element of the parade form.
After the October Revolution of 1917, wearing the cortica was canceled. In 1924-1926, he was introduced for a while as part of the Fleet Command Makeup form. Finally was returned by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of the USSR of September 12, 1940. Initially, it was introduced only for employees of the Navy, but then became part of the parade form of other types and childbirth of the troops. In 1955-1957, graduates of all military schools were awarded. In 1958, wearing a cortk for most people of troops, with the exception of the Navy, was canceled.
In the Armed Forces of Russia, Cortiks have become personal weapons and belonging to the front-end form of the clothing of officers and Michmanov Navy (from March 2010 to June 2015 in the list of elements of their form of clothing, the cortk was absent). Officers of other types and childbirth of the troops are cortic only on parades and on a special direction. As a premium weapon, the cort is also found in various power departments.
On December 13, 1996, the President of Russia Boris Yeltsin signed the Federal Law "On Arms", according to which the standard officer corter dropped under the definition of cold weapons (the blade length is greater than 90 mm) and from which restrictions on its wearing and storage followed. According to the law, its wearing was allowed only to servicemen with a parade form or dismissed from military service with the right wearing military form. After that, cases were frequent when from former military personnel or their family, internal affairs officers began to demand permits for their storage.
In 2013, a new guide to weapons, military and special equipment and other material values \u200b\u200bwas approved in the Armed Forces in the Armed Forces, which demanded when dismissing from military service to hand over a cort and other weapons to the warehouse of the military unit on the overhead. After returning the corticity to the form of clothing in the fall of 2015, addressed to the Minister of Defense Sergey Shoigu. We started the appeals of veteran organizations with a request to remove the provision about the surcharge of cortications from the leadership.
These requests were motivated by the fact that officers and Michmans Navy, dismissed to the reserve with the right of wearing form, were forced to violate the rules to wear a form without a cortician. In addition, it was noted that the cortic for the family of the officer and Michman is a family relic. According to the charter of the internal service of the Russian Federation, with the ritual of the burial of officers and midcoming fleets on the lid of the coffin, crossed cortic and sheath should be fixed.
However, some officers made successful attempts to return the cort through the court. In particular, in February 2015, the Arkhangelsk garrison court satisfied the Captain of the 2nd grade of Kulikov. He challenged the actions of the commander of the military unit, which refused to give the certificate to the cortk. The fact is that Kulikov consisted of part under the contract, and was dismissed from service was back in March 2011 with the right to carry the military uniform of clothing and the signs of difference. The cortic was issued to him at the end of introducing it. M. V. Frunze June 30, 1990, that is, by the time of dismissal in 2011, he served on the fleet for more than 20 years and had the right to the cortk.
"This is a historically established attribute"
Governor Sevastopol Sergey Mamilo He stated TASS that for the sea officer a corticker is an integral attribute of clothing form, and it is also valuable as a vest for a sailor. "I was fired in 2012 with the right wearing military form. It provides for the wearing cortica. I have a cortk. This is a historically established attribute for the sea officer. Previously, the cortists were only at the fleet, "said Maulo.
Chairman of the All-Russian Trade Union of Servicemen Oleg Shvedkov In an interview with the newspaper, the view noted that he did not hear about the mass selection of corticists from the officers. About three months ago, a colleague from Primorye contacted him and asked to deal with his rumors that "supposedly did officers give critics."
"Since I did not receive a single signal, I did not respond to this topic. If in fact this kind of decision was accepted, they were to be accepted at the minister of defense. If we are talking about a two-year limit of this kind of solution, it happened on the verge of Serdyukov - Shoigu ... This is the greatest stupidity, because by the tradition of military sailors, corticians were always left when he was dismissal to the stock, "the Swede said, adding that there was a period When the cortists were silent from Michmanov, but the officers were always left, "especially with the right wearing form."
"Equiformly performed them by clicking heels."
However, the first deputy chairman of the All-Russian Movement of Fleet Support (PDF) Captain 1st Rank Vadim Antonov The newspaper is a look that the topic of the detention of corticists from officers when retired retirement is "problematic for officers of the Navy and Maritime Border Coast Guard". According to him, such cases were massive. He also noted that some officers were submitted to the court to be returned to the cortic.
"It is not clear on what basis the heads of providing structures in the Ministry of Defense and the border guard of Russia have adopted the decision on the seizure of cortic officers in a policy format, who are dismissed from the service," he told.
According to him, during the year, the PDF Chairman Mikhail Neshev at the highest departmental level proved and persistently recommended "to cancel this absurd decision."
"The presentation of the Falls (later Cortikov) as a tradition was introduced by Peter I. At these meetings with the haraided, high military leaders said:" Yes, they say, the decision to withdraw corticists is incorrectly, beats the nerves of officers and their families, as well as a centuries-old tradition. " But nothing intelligent, seeing this nonsense, the departmental chiefs did not. PDF welcomes the decision of the Supreme Commander to return the three hundred years of tradition. What is especially important, in today's time we expect that a service investigation will be conducted, who gave such an orders for the withdrawal of corticists and who indifferently performed it by smoking with heels, "said Antonov.
At the same time, Antonov expressed confidence that such a decision the Minister of Defense was not personally accepted, but with someone's filing, and "someone reported to him that it should be done."
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Cort officer (original), sample of 1945. Production of the plant Zek in 1957.
Cortor Naval Navy of Russia (Navy of the USSR), sample of 1945, which has been preserved to the present. The formed crust of the Russian Navy Officer of the Russian Fleet is serial. This item is released by the ZEK plant in 1957.
Country:THE USSR.
Dating:1957 year.
Stamps: The heel of the Blade: "ZIK // 1957" - the stamp of the manufacturer - the Zlatoust tool plant. The Zlatoust weapon factory is an enterprise for the release of cold weapons for the needs of the Russian Army and Fleet. Opened in December 1815. Initially, on the banks of the river. Ay was built several wooden buildings where the main branches of the factory were located. The construction of the capital stone building of the weapon factory was completed in 1839. It was built under the project of the chief architect of the Ural Mountain Management I. I. Vyoduez, under the supervision of the architect of Zlatoust factories F. A. Terezhnikov.
German masters-gunners were invited to establish the production of cold weapons from Germany. Subsequently, all production was carried out on their own. The factory had seven branches (steel, blade, shepherd, empty, decorated weapons, etc.), each of which was divided into several workshops. The weapon factory was an independent enterprise and was not formally part of the Zlatoust plantation plant.
As a rule, its director was the mountain chief of the Zlatoust factories. The weapon factory produced a variety of types of combat, fencing and hunting weapons: sabers, executioners, checkers, swords, tone, daggers, cortiks, peaks, emptronic and knives. From 1839 to 1860, kids were made here. By the beginning of the XX century. The release of cold weapons was brought to 42 thousand units per year. Zlatoust cold weapons had high mood qualities and was known not only in Russia, but also beyond. It was exhibited at many worldwide exhibitions and repeatedly honored the highest awards. The Zlatoust weapon factory was among the best industrial enterprises in Russia on the organization of production. After 1917, the weapon factory became one of the workshops of the Zlatoust Mechanical Plant (now Bulat JSC). The last massive batch of cold weapons on the former weapon factory was made in 1945 to the Victory Parade. // 1957 year of manufacture.
Dimensions: Total length: 340 mm, no scabbed length: 320 mm, Length of blade: 215 mm
Description:Steel, straight, flat, rhombic, twirl, nickel-plated.
Handle:Direct, ivory, rectangular sections, with chamfer. From above and below there are conical ftuels. On the top bushing there is a postponed image of the coat of arms of the USSR. From above on a blade shank screwed a rectangular nut with a five-pointed star on a round shield.
Cross: Straight, flat, with curved endings in different directions - up and down. Performed from polished brass.
Sheath:wooden, covered with black leather. The device is brass, with gear edges, consists of a mouth, a lug and tip. The mouth of the front side is decorated with an image of a star with a sickle and a hammer in the frame of oak branches and divergent rays, on the reverse side depicted the Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin. At the mouth and the nut there are mobile rings for belts and tights.
Security status:the subject is in a very good collection condition.
Historical reference: After 1917, in the Navy of the USSR, the officers carried the courts of a pre-revolutionary sample right up to 1940. In 1940, a new cort was adopted for marine officers, which in 1945 was slightly modernized and acquired his final appearance. From the same year, the cortic is accepted for wearing a marine form of clothing for Michmans and Starin of the Navy. Based on the marine cortica arr. 1945, only with another symbolism on the sheath, was developed and adopted in 1945 by the army officer cortic and the crust of the air force officers. However, the production of corticists for the army and military aviation was postponed for several years, primarily due to the causes of an economic nature. Therefore, in the Air Force, the Kortk appeared in 1949, and in the army - only in 1955
After the Great Patriotic War, a new form of cortic was adopted - with a flat steel chrome-plated rhombus of a diamond cross-section with a length of 215 mm. The total length of the entire cortic was 320 mm. On the right side of his handle there is a latch, a prevention blade from scabbard. The handle of the tetrahed form is made of plastic under the elephant bone. The lower jack, the head and the crosses of the handle are made of colored gold-plated metal. A five-pointed star is superimposed on the head of the handle and the image of the coat of arms of the USSR is applied. Wooden sheath, covered with black leather, varnished. The device has a sheath (two burners and tip) are made of colored gold-plated metal. At the top and bottom of the roads there are rings for the tissue. The product and the belt are made of gilded threads.
Historical and legal reference:Cortiks were adopted by the Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of September 12, 1940 No. 1673 "On the introduction of a cortic for military personnel of the Navy" (declared by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy of the USSR of September 20, 1940 No. 574).
At the hearing, it was established that the Kortk of the Navy of Russia, the sample of 1945, a total long 320 mm, with a length of the blade of 212 mm, the greatest width of the blade 17.5 ± 0.5 mm, the blade thickness of 4.0 ± 0.75 mm, the length of the handle Cort 108 mm. Serial is produced. Cork blade chrome steel straight, from carbon doped steel, two-sided with a double-edged sharpening, a diamond cross section. In the Soviet Armed Forces and in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the cortic is the affiliation of the front-end form not only of the Fleet officers, but also admirals, generals, officers, midshipmen and ensigns of all kinds of troops, but only in the Navy is a personal officer weapon.
In accordance with Art. 2, 5 and 6 of the Federal Law of December 13, 1996 No. 150-FZ "On Arms" Weapons are divided into civil, service, combat hand-made rifle and cold. Cold weapons include a weapon intended for solving combat and operational tasks, while in the territory of the Russian Federation there is a turnover of cold clink weapons, with the length of the blade and the blades of more than 90 mm.
The standards outlined above, make it possible to conclude that the marine corter is the personal weapon of the officer, in its purpose relates to the combat-cutting-cutting cold weapons and is worn on a special guidance in the parade for building the form of clothing.
Moreover, it was established that independent wearing servicemen or citizens of the cortician officer Navy, without a parade form of clothing, is not provided by the current legislation.
From the above, it follows that the cortic Navy is currently actually an ammunition of the military form of clothing and is worn only with a parade form of clothing with military personnel and citizens dismissed from military service, which is given the right to carry military uniforms of the military, subject to the affordable persons to the naval Fleet.
In the future, the indicated norm was distributed to officers of other types of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. However, with the collapse of the USSR and the change in the samples of the produced weapons, the Cortiks of the USSR, and with the disintegration of the GDR and German production, acquired the status of antique items, which indicates the official state symbolism of non-existent states available on both samples, as well as the dates of the issue of items that have Service life of more than 50 years, which does not comply with the limit regulations of the aircraft for location in the armament of the current weapons.
In connection with the above, the Cortiks of the USSR Armed Forces and the People's Army, the GDR are currently subject to antiques.
Rating: 20 000 rubles.
Kortk Officer of the People's Army Army GDR Kortik Officer of the National People's Army GDR Sample 1961 early release, until 1972 - on the blade there is a stamp of the Mülhausen plant - three towers in the triangle. Cortic data used officers of the Military Fleet GDR until 1983.
LEVER Round shape consists of white plastic, with four rounded deep grooves. At the bottom of the handle is a nut in the shape of a cylinder, it contains a button with a spring latch. Head of the handle of the round shape, with the rim, is screwed to the shank. From above on the head depicts the emblem GDR.
Cross Flat shape, narrows to the ends. Enders have the appearance of stylized acorns looking at different directions. All the details of the Ephesus are metal, made of brass. Under the Cross, there is a massive oval leather gasket.
BLADEa straight form, a rhombic cross section, with two sided sharpening, is covered with nickel, with a pair of narrow dollars. On the spot there is a number and tongue of the spring latch, on the other hand there could be a stamp of the manufacturer. Blade did not decorate anything.
Long blade - 250 millimeters
Width blade - 17 millimeters
The whole length is 360 millimeters
Length, including sheath - 400 millimeters
SHEATH Metal, flesen. The device has a brass, long mouth and tip with a ball. Mouth and tip with embossed edges of the sharp shape. At the mouth there is a relief image of the state coat of arms of the GDR and the pattern in the form of an oak sheet with an acorns. A pair of moving rings in the shape of a trapezoid is attached for fastening the belts of the tissue.
Putthey It consists of a pair of straps with a length of 210mm and a width of 17mm, which from one side end with Carabins, and on the opposite side converge on a flat carbine frame. The straps have a golden color with a pair of black stripes and a woolen black lining. Rectangular buckles are on belts, and decorative elements are painted with oak leaves.
Rating: 20 000 rubles. We apologize, the subject is absent.
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