If you immediately understand the forms of this verb, then use have has V English language will seem very simple. Just remember the verb to be– he has three forms in the present tense. And to have- only two. This is already pleasing, isn’t it? And if you also correlate the rules of the simple present tense and the form of the verb “to have,” then everything generally falls into place!
Using have has in English
So what's special about use of have has in English? First, it is important to pay attention to which subject is in your sentence. It is from this moment that it depends which form of the verb needs to be used. According to grammatical rules, has only friends with he, she, it; A have- with all other persons and numbers.
Secondly, do not forget that in addition to statements, there are also questions with denials. Today it is acceptable to simply add in negation not to the corresponding verb form to have, and for a question, put the same form in front of the subject who has something in your sentence. You can also ask for help from do And does. For negatives with he, she, it will do doesn't, and for everyone else - don't. In the question, take out do or does(For he, she, it) in front of the subject.
In other words, using have has in English it is practically no different from other verbs in the present tense. It is only important to remember that there is a form has.
Using have in English with examples
Like all other rules, use of have in English It's better to remember with examples. This is what we will do right now!
|
example |
translation |
|
(+) We have two cars in the garage. |
We have two cars in the garage. |
|
(-) We haven't two cars in the garage. We don't have two cars in the garage. |
We don't have two cars in the garage. |
|
(?) Have you a car in the garage? Do you have a car in the garage? |
Do you have a car in the garage? |
|
(+) He has five dogs at home. |
He has five dogs at home. |
|
(-) He hasn't dogs at home. He doesn't have dogs at home. |
He doesn't have dogs at home. |
(to have) in the present tense. The rule for their use is simple, however, beginners often have difficulties with these words.
Has or Have – a rule of three simple points
Rule of use has/have following:
- Has used with third person singular pronouns he, she, it, For example:
He has a bike. - He has a bike.
She has a sister. - She has a sister.
This is a tree. It has many branches. - This is a tree. It has many branches.
- Has also used with any, which can be replaced by the noun he, she, it. This can be almost any part of speech, but most often:
John has a kangaroo. – John has a kangaroo.
Swimming has become a popular sport. – Swimming has become a popular sport.
The noun “John” can be replaced with he, “swimming” with it.
- Have used with all other pronouns in singular and plural: I, you, we, they.
I have a strange feeling. – I have a strange feeling.
You have no choice. – You have no choice.
We have two dollars. - We have two dollars.
They have reliable friends. – They have reliable friends
In other words, we see “He, She, It”, or a word that can be replaced with them, we put has, with other words – have.
Common mistakes in using Has and Have
1. Has in the past tense
Has and have These are forms of the verb in the present tense. In the past tense, the verb to have has only one form - had. In the past tense has is not used under any circumstances:
Right:
We had a lot of work. Helen had no work at all. – We had a lot of work. Helen had no work at all.
Wrong:
We had a lot of work. Helen has no work at all.
In the second, incorrect, option due to has the meaning changes: “Helen has no job at all (now).”
2. Has in the future tense
The same goes for the future tense: in the future tense, the verb to have has the form will have. In the future tense, has is not needed under any circumstances.
- Right:
He will have enough time for rest. - He will have enough time to rest.
- Wrong:
He will have will have enough time for rest.
3. Has and Have after names of people, names of cities, places
Beginners often get confused when these verb forms are used with proper nouns. The fact is that textbooks often give examples with people’s names, for example:
Maria has two sons. – Maria has two sons.
There may be a habit that after any proper name you need the verb has, but this, of course, is not the case. If the subject can be replaced by he, she, it, then we put has, in other cases (that is, if this word is in the plural) – have.
The Bahamas have changed a lot. – The Bahamas has changed a lot.
The Johnsons have two sons. – The Johnsons (the Johnson couple) have two sons.
Maria and John have two sons. – Mary and John have two sons
In the last example, the subject is expressed by the words “Maria and John”, that is, we are talking about the plural (two people).
4. Has after nouns like “people”: People have or People has?
Some nouns may look like a singular noun but have the meaning . In this case, when choosing between has / have, you need to be guided by the meaning of the word, not the form.
Let's compare two examples:
Some people have thirty three teeth – Some people have thirty-three teeth.
My people has more honor than yours. “My people have more honor than yours.”
In the first case, “people” means “people” and has a plural meaning, therefore “people have”. In the second case, “people” means “people”, has a singular meaning, therefore “has”.
5. Have and Has in negations: He doesn’t has or He doesn’t have?
A common mistake is using has in a negative sentence with the auxiliary verb to do, that is, in negatives where there is “do not / don’t”, “does not / doesn’t”.
The rule is simple: after the negation don’t or doesn’t we always use the form have, even if the subject is he, she or it. “Doesn’t has” is basically an impossible combination.
I don't have any small change. – I don’t have any change.
He doesn't have any place to live. - He has nowhere to live.
The fact is that in such negative sentences, in the presence of a subject expressed by the pronouns he, she, it or other words in the third person singular, the verb to do takes the corresponding form- it turns into does, so turning have into has is kind of redundant.
6. Have and Has in the questions: Does he has or Does he have?
The same rule applies to interrogative sentences constructed using to do, that is, questions like “Do you have?”, “Does he have?”
These questions use does if the subject is expressed by the pronouns he, she, it, or any other word that can be replaced by one of these pronouns. Moreover, if the verb to have is present in the question, it is used only in the form have.
Rule: in questions with “do” or “does” we always use the have form, even if the subject is he, she or it. “Does he has” is a basically impossible combination.
Do you have a minute? - Do you have a minute?
Does he have a minute? – Does he have a minute?
The verb to have can rightfully be considered one of the most important verbs in the English language. If you want to speak English, then you definitely need to know how this verb is translated, how to use it correctly and what forms it has.
3 forms of the verb HAVE. We choose between have, has and had.
The verb have has 2 forms of the present tense - have And has and one past tense form - had.
Have is an irregular verb, so its grammatical forms need to be memorized. The three forms of the verb have look like this...
As can be seen from the table, to have is one of those irregular verbs whose 2nd and 3rd forms coincide. Another feature of the verb have is that it changes according to persons - in third person singular the verb have takes the form has. This rule can be illustrated by the table:
| I | have... | I have … |
| You | have... | You have … |
| He | has... | He has … |
| She | has... | She has … |
| It | has... | It has … |
| We | have... | We have … |
| They | have... | They have … |
I have a ticket to the theater.
I have a theater ticket.
She has a ticket to the theater.
She has a theater ticket.
This person has a ticket to the theater.
This man has a theater ticket.
ALL forms of the verb HAVE in the present, past and future tenses
Translation of the verb to have
The verb to have itself is translated as “to have”, “to possess”, but there is one nuance when translating this verb. Offers like:
I have a car.
It can be translated literally as “I have a car.” The meaning will be clear, but in Russian it would be more correct and beautiful to say “I have a car.” Remember that instead of “I have...”, “He has...”, “They have...”, etc. The English will literally say “I have...”, “He has...”, “They have...”, etc.
Also, there is a difference between the verb "have" and the verb "have to". Have to - this modal verb, which translates as “must”, “forced”.
And there are also situations when the verb to have is not translated at all, but is used as an auxiliary verb to form the Perfect/Perfect Continuous forms.
Short form of the verb have
You've probably sometimes come across the word haven't. This is nothing more than a shortened version of the phrase have not. This phrase occurs in negative sentences in which have is used as an auxiliary verb. There is a similar shortened form for has not:
Examples of such sentences:
I haven't seen him for 2 years.
I haven't seen him for 2 years.
He hasn't seen me for 2 years.
He hasn't seen me for 2 years.
The verb to have in English, along with the verbs to be and to do, plays one of the key roles in the construction of phrases and sentences in relation to all tenses used. Depending on the context in which the semantic phrase is used, its meaning can be completely different.
Verb to have: basic meaning
As for the main use of this verb, so to speak, in its pure form, it is most often translated or defined as “to have” or “to possess.”
In the very simple case When a phrase is constructed in the first and third person singular or plural, it is used in the basic form. For example, I (we, they, you) have a dog - “I (we, they, you) have a dog.” However, for the third person singular and for constructing sentences indicating a past (accomplished) event, other forms are used.
Conjugation
In order to fully understand the specifics of the application, the verb has (had) as a derivative of the main indeterminate form to have should be considered precisely in the context of conjugation using persons and tenses. The meaning put into any phrase will depend on this.
The forms of the verb have (or more correctly, to have) look like this.
Please note that in relation to the pronoun you, the verb is used in the same form, but sometimes in English the pronoun itself can have the context of both references to “you” and references to “you”. In the American language, everything is simpler in this regard. The fact is that it always uses the “you” address, even in the sense of using the verb to be (in this case, its forms are).
For example, the phrase Are you sure? Can be translated both as “Are you sure?” and as “Are you sure?” The same is true with the verb to have.
Verb has (had): difference in usage
Based on the above system of conjugation of the main verb, it is not difficult to draw a conclusion about the use of some of its forms. As is already clear, the English verbs “has” refer to the third person present tense (he, she, it), and the form “had” is a derivative for constructing sentences of the past tense for any person and number (this will be discussed separately).
Using a verb in the present tense
As already mentioned, the basic form of to have and its derivative ( English verb has in particular) in the present tense denote the possession of something (as was shown in the example above).
The form changes from have to has only when the person and number change. That is, has is used exclusively in cases where the main pronoun is he, she or it (third person singular). For example, She has a dog - “She has a dog.” This one is simple. Nevertheless correct form The verb has is the main verb to have (indefinite form).
Using a verb in the past tense
With the past tense things are not so simple. The point here is that only by using special form had phrases may not be limited, and therefore the sentence may have different meanings in terms of the period of time when a certain action occurred.
To make it clearer, let's look at two examples. For the first case, let's take the phrase I had a pen. It can be translated as “I had a pen” (once upon a time). But if you use two forms of the main verb in the sentence I have had a pen, the meaning changes radically. This expression can also be interpreted as “I had a pen,” but the action has just ended. Roughly speaking, the pen was there a few moments ago, but now it’s gone.
In addition, the verb to have can be used with other verbs, but together they indicate different time periods of actions and their completeness. Thus, the phrase I have visited an exhibition can be translated as “I visited (visited) the exhibition” (just now). But when the sentence I have been visiting an exhibition is used (or with the abbreviation I've been - forms of the verb have can also have this form like shortened versions of to be in affirmative, interrogative or negative sentences), the interpretation implies that visiting the exhibition as lasting action took place at the very moment about which we're talking about.
If the sentence also contains a past tense verb, the meaning changes accordingly (I’ve been visited... - “I was visited (by someone)”, “I was visited/visited”).
But participles may also be present, for example, I’ve been crying - “I cried / cried” at the very moment in question (literally - “I was / was crying / crying”).
By the way, Americans often add the verb to get when constructing past tense phrases. In this case, the phrase I’ve got.. is almost equivalent to a regular past tense sentence, although it can be literally translated as “I received/received”, “I became/became the owner”, etc.
Constructing sentences in the future tense
The conjugation of the verb has, hopefully, is already clear, although by and large this is an absolutely incorrect formulation of the question, since it is not the verb has that is conjugated, but its basic form to have. But let's move on to constructing sentences in the future tense. There is a lot of interesting things here too. As a rule, to describe actions in the near future, that is, if something needs to be done right now, the verb to have can also be used, but in this case it means some kind of obligation. True, in the Russian language there is no pure analogue to such phrases. Let's explain with an example.
The phrase I have to go into Russian can be literally translated as “I have to go.” Brad, isn't it? To adjust in terms of the described obligation, the translation “I must leave” is used, which more clearly describes English phrase I must go. But a complete analogy in translation can be found in the same Ukrainian language, which in this regard is somewhat closer to European ones. Literally, the above phrase can be translated as “I may go,” which means “I must (must) leave.” In this case, the meaning includes an action that needs to be performed now or in some period of time after voicing the intention.
Inconsistencies between English and American: Interrogative Sentences
Let's leave the verb has (had) aside for now and look at some of the nuances that can be found in pure English and unified American languages. From the point of view of constructing interrogative sentences, in English they must begin with a main verb denoting a specific action. In other words, you could ask your interlocutor whether he has a dog using the phrase Have you a dog?. From an English point of view this is correct. But Americans often add the action verb to do to the seemingly main verb to have, which fulfills main role. Thus, the question about a dog in the American version looks like this: Do you have a dog?
In addition, very often you can find phrases like “You have a dog?”, and specifically in interrogative form. If translated, this phrase could mean surprise, “Oh, you have a dog?” The emphasis is either on the word “is” or on the word “dog”. In other words, the question implies ordinary surprise at a certain fact. By the way, Americans simply ignore the classical rules for constructing sentences of any time or any level of complexity, in contrast to the inhabitants of old England with its established traditions.
Conclusion
As can be seen from the above, the verb has (had) is just one of the forms of the main verb to have. And its use, depending on the type of situation, can be completely different. But, I think, the main aspects are already clear to most readers using the simplest examples. By and large, the American language is easier for residents of non-English-speaking countries, and it is simply impossible to learn English, not to mention the Scottish or Irish dialect, without living in the UK with everyday communication.
To understand what form of the verb have put in a specific sentence, you need to look at the subject:
- If the subject is in the 3rd person singular, then substitute has.
- In all other cases we substitute have.
In practice, the subject can be a pronoun or a noun. If you have a pronoun as a subject, then you need to know that has is written only with the pronouns he (translated as “he”), she (she), it (it). With all other pronouns we use have. For clarity, here is a detailed table:
| I | have... | I have … |
| You | have... | You have … |
| He | has... | He has … |
| She | has... | She has … |
| It | has... | It has … |
| We | have... | We have … |
| They | have... | They have … |
Have, has - the rule for choosing the right one
forms of the verb to have.
If the subject of your sentence is a noun, then write has for the singular and have for the plural. For example:
This woman has black hair
This woman has black hair. (Singular)
Many people have black hair
Many people have black hair. (Plural).
Please note that a noun can be preceded by an arbitrary number of adjectives; this does not affect the choice of verb form (have or has):
This young, pretty woman has black hair
This young pretty woman has black hair.
We added the adjectives “young and pretty”, but since the number is still singular, after woman there is still has. The rule says: after the words he, she, it or a singular noun you need to use has, otherwise - have. The rule and table given above clearly say that after woman it is written has, not have.
How are questions and negations constructed?
A similar table for negative sentences:
| Phrase template | Translation | ||
| I | don't | have... | I do not have … |
| You | don't | have... | You don't have... |
| he | doesn't | have... | He does not have … |
| she | doesn't | have... | She does not have … |
| it | doesn't | have... | It doesn't have... |
| we | don't | have... | We do not have … |
| they | don't | have... | They do not have … |
Examples:
Does she have a leather wallet?
Does she have a leather wallet?
Do we have a ripe banana?
Do we have a ripe banana?
I don't have blue shoes
I don't have blue shoes.
Past tense
Past tense verb have does not change in faces. He has the only form had, which is used in all persons. For example:
I had a beautiful doll.
I had a beautiful doll.
She had colored felt-tip pens.
She had colored markers.
Summarize. To the question “When is it written have, and when has?”, the short answer is: has is written when there is a pronoun he, she, it or a singular noun. Have is written in other cases. You can read more about the verb have and its meanings in the article
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