In the 90s, the Russian army was in a deplorable state. Gradually obsolete equipment of the Soviet era, unattractive conditions of service in the army, constant reduction.
In recent years, the rearmament and modernization of the Russian army has begun. It is planned by 2020 to replace by 70% outdated equipment with modern technology developed in our time. It is said about the amount of about 19 trillion rubles or even more - this is exactly how much it is planned to invest in the army under the new state program.
Prospects for the coming years
Our country is gradually moving from quantity to quality, planning to equip the army in the next decade with the following:
- More than 500 different aircraft, including ultra-modern 5th generation fighters and long-range aircraft.
- Over 1000 different helicopters.
- Modern ships of new projects.
- More than 200 state-of-the-art air defense systems integrated into an aerospace defense system.
- New models of anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons.
- 4th generation tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers and other combat vehicles created on new platforms.
- High-precision new weapons, including missiles and bombs, equipped with satellite guidance systems.
- New ballistic missiles designed for nuclear deterrence.
Also, work is underway to create hypersonic missiles equipped with a ramjet engine based on aircraft.
The cherry on top will be the maximum automation and unification of all types of troops using automated control systems.
Fighter PAK FA
The Russian army must get hold of the ultra-modern fifth-generation fighter T-50, about which more than one news has already been released. This will come before America commissions the F-35 project. The PAK FA (Advanced Frontline Aviation Complex) entered the final stage of state tests in the fall of 2015; in the fall of 2016, its 30-mm cannon was tested.
The fighter is a little less than 20 meters in length and has a wingspan of 14 meters. Its speed reaches 2600 km / h, and the maximum height is 20 kilometers. Flight time without refueling is almost 6 hours. It is equipped with a 30 mm built-in cannon, and the bomb compartments inside the fuselage carry 10 guided air-to-air missiles and aerial bombs. On external suspensions, the fighter can carry 14 more missiles.
Due to the shape of the fuselage, reflective coating and camouflage technology, the aircraft is practically invisible. At the same time, the T-50 itself can easily spot the enemy thanks to the Himalayas electronic warfare system.
The total cost of the project is from 10 to 30 billion dollars, the start of deliveries to the troops is scheduled for 2018.
Tu-160
In April 2014, Russia resumed production of the Tu-160. Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu said that it is necessary not only to maintain the long-range aviation fleet in working order and modernize it, but also to start producing the Tu-160, a supersonic strategic bomber. The resumption of production is planned in 2023 or later, and now the existing missile carriers are being modernized.
The first stage of modernization has already been successfully completed. The obsolete Soviet electronics were removed and a lightweight and compact Russian-made one was installed.
Now the Tu-160 are in the second wave of improvement. The missile carriers are upgrading radar, navigation and sighting equipment.
Tu-95
In parallel, work is underway to update the Tu-95 fleet. These huge long-range aircraft managed to fight during their half-century service in Syria and have long been removed from production, but there are many options for modernization.
Despite their outdated appearance, these turboprop missile carriers are still very effective. Building up strategic nuclear forces is now a priority, so the modernization of strategic missile carriers is ongoing.
Project 22800
Soon we will have recently developed ships of Project 22800. The first small corvettes of Project 22800 "Karakurt" will replace the multipurpose patrol ships "Burevestnik", which have been part of the Russian Navy since 1968.
They are intended for patrol and escort service, protection of bases and facilities located on the coast from air and underwater opponents.
Corvettes with a displacement of 800 tons with a length of 60, a width of 9 and a draft of 4 meters are capable of developing 30 knots per hour and covering up to 3000 nautical miles. They are planned to be armed with 8 Caliber missiles, a 76 mm artillery mount, a 30 mm anti-aircraft cannon and a rocket-artillery system.
Submarine fleet
By 1980, the USSR took the first position in the world in terms of the number of submarines. From 1992 to 1997, our fleet was reduced by half, the pace and volume of creation of new submarines fell. We began to lag significantly behind the United States both quantitatively and qualitatively.
This trend was stopped, now Russia is armed with 14 strategic submarines, 9 nuclear with cruise missiles on board, 19 nuclear multipurpose, 8 nuclear special purpose and 23 diesel. Of the 44 submarines of the Northern Fleet, 4 began to serve only recently, and 2 more submarines were received by the Pacific Fleet. Another 23 submarines are undergoing modernization, where the main focus is on reducing noise.
Modern submarines already meet all the requirements, for example, the Borey makes 2 times less noise than the promising Virginia and 5 times less than the domestic Schuka-B or Antey. At the same time, Borey itself can detect an enemy submarine at a distance of 320 kilometers.
BTR Boomerang
The newest BTR Boomerang is undergoing state tests, it should replace the BTR-80 and BTR-82 in the Russian army, the main drawback of which is considered to be low underbody protection, which is very important in local armed conflicts.
Finally, a lot of attention was paid to the safety of the crew and troops. The novelty is protected by an identical multi-layer tank armor with ceramic inserts. The engine is located in the front of the vehicle, which increases protection against frontal fire and detonation on a high-explosive charge. The doors are located at the rear, not on the sides, which increases the safety of the landing of the crew and troops.
Boomerang speed on the highway is up to 100 km / h, cruising range - 800 km. Water-jet propellers were installed, allowing to move afloat at a speed of up to 12 km / h. The armament is located in an uninhabited combat module, which is controlled remotely, which again increases the protection of the crew.
The main armament is a 30 mm 2A42 cannon operating in the temperature range from -50 to +50 ° C. The cannon has been used for a long time and does not correspond to the concept of a modern one. However, the modular design of the new technology allows you to easily replace the combat module with another, for example, equipped with a 57 caliber cannon.
Auxiliary armament - standard Kalashnikov 7, 62 mm tank machine gun with 2,000 rounds of ammunition. There is also a Kornet missile system with a target engagement distance of 150 to 10,000 meters and automatic guidance with teleorientation in the laser beam.
The armor penetration of the Kornet ammunition is up to 1300 mm, the equivalent for a high-explosive ammunition of 7 kg. It is possible to simultaneously track and destroy two targets.
Serial production is expected in 2017, and in 2019 - the beginning of deliveries to the troops.
Today we can say for sure that, in addition to the armored personnel carrier, a wheeled infantry fighting vehicle and a light wheeled tank armed with a 125 mm cannon will be created on the same platform.
T-14 Armata
Weighing 48 tons, the new Russian tank is lighter than all Western modern main battle tanks and is the only production tank in the world with an uninhabited turret. It is worth clarifying that they are not talking about one tank, but about an entire platform, on the basis of which a variety of combat vehicles can be created, for example, an artillery, anti-aircraft missile or surface-to-ground missile complex.
The designers of the T-14 Armata laid down the maximum automation, which facilitates the work of the crew.
TOS-1A Solntsepёk
A terrible weapon that is a modernization of the TOS-1 Pinocchio. For 6, it fires 24 rockets at a distance of up to 6,000 meters, an area of destruction up to 40,000 meters, an accuracy of 10 meters.
Due to the high mobility and short salvo time, the enemy artillery is unlikely to have time to react and strike back.
This heavy flamethrower system leaves behind scorched fields, and those who come under its fire and surviving opponents are often completely suppressed or even mentally traumatized.
Believed to be ideal for anti-terrorist operations, heavy flamethrowers are currently being field tested in Syria. There are no analogues in the world.
SAM Sosna
A novelty, which will face the final state tests this year. Used high-precision missiles 9M340 "Sosna-R", the maximum range of 10 kilometers, 12 pieces of ammunition.
The complex is fully automated, capable of operating in various weather conditions. The modular design allows it to be installed on any chassis with a carrying capacity of 3.5 tons; a ship version is being developed.
The variety of installation media is not only convenient, but also interesting to potential buyers.
Barguzin
In 2012, the development of the Barguzin combat railway complex, carrying intercontinental ballistic missiles, was launched. The preliminary design of the complex has recently become ready, the appearance in the troops is expected in 2020.
An ordinary-looking refrigerated train carries 6 Yars intercontinental missiles, designed to engage targets at distances of up to 10,000 kilometers. The power of this composition is approximately equal to a division with stationary mine complexes.
There are simply no analogues to the Russian BZHRK.
RS-24 YARS
Introduced to the army in 2009, the ICBM is designed to be deployed in mines and on mobile platforms. Equipped with a split head. Tactical specifications are not disclosed, but the rocket appeared as a result of the Topol-M modernization.
The multiple warhead contains 304 warheads and 4 decoys; 7 successful launches have already been carried out.
At the beginning of 2016, there were 73 missiles in the Russian army, and 20 more are expected to be delivered.
RS-26 Rubezh
Missile mobile complex carrying an intercontinental ballistic missile. It appeared as a result of the improvement of the Yars and received improved warheads, even better adapted for breaking through the enemy's anti-missile defense.
The three-stage missile has a range of 2,000 to 11,000 kilometers, carries 4 hypersonic maneuvering warheads with a TNT equivalent yield from 150 to 300 kilotons.
According to some experts, about 50 American SM-3 interceptor missiles will be needed to destroy the maneuvering warhead.
ICBM RS-28 Sarmat
A 5th generation strategic missile system based in mines. Equipped with mine protection systems and its suborbital trajectory. Warheads Yu-71 are capable of maneuvering and move at hypersonic speed.
The two-stage heavy missile carries 10 warheads, each with an explosion power of 750 kilotons.
At the moment, the engine is being tested, tests of the rocket itself, according to the most optimistic forecasts, will begin in mid-2017.
Cornet-D
The tests were completed in 2011, the export model is called "Cornet-EM". Equipped with two launchers, each of which consists of four containers with ready-to-launch 9M133FM-3 missiles inside. There are 8 more missiles that are not ready for combat launch.
Conversion to a combat state takes 7 seconds, guidance is carried out using teleorientation inside the laser beam, moving targets are available, remote launching at a distance of 50 meters using the remote control is possible.
Hermes
A promising complex shown in 2009. Guided missiles are capable of hitting all sorts of targets, including aircraft at distances of up to 100 meters. An aviation version "Hermes-A" has been developed, the installation of which is planned for the Mi-28N and Ka-52 helicopters.
MGK Boer
The grenade launcher, tests completed in 2013, appeared in serial production in 2014 and entered service with the army of our country.
Its main purpose is to fight the enemy in close combat, and its distinctive feature is the ability to fire from enclosed spaces with a volume of 30 cubic meters or more.
The firing range is from 25 to 950 meters, aiming with the help of an optical sight is carried out at a distance of up to 650 meters.
RPG-32 Barkas
Multi-caliber hand grenade launcher. The scoped launcher is compatible with 72.5 to 105 mm rocket propelled grenades. The export version was named Hashim.
It is used against tanks, armored vehicles, engineering fortifications and enemy manpower.
The advantage is the identical ballistics of shots of any caliber, which has a positive effect on the ease of training of soldiers.
It is planned to develop an anti-tank projectile with self-aiming elements.
ADS
An amphibious assault rifle capable of operating under water and on land. It has a bullup layout, fires with standard 5.45 × 39 mm cartridges on land, and specially created needle-shaped cartridges under water.
ADS is supposed to be a replacement for AK74M, it is equally convenient for right-handers and left-handers, it surpasses the Kalashnikov assault rifle in accuracy of fire.
SVLK-14S
Single-shot sniper rifle designed for ultra-long range shooting. This new Russian weapon has a modular design that allows the use of cartridges of different calibers. In the manufacture, only domestic components and materials are used, the aiming range is really amazing, exceeding 2 kilometers.
Weapons are something that has always been good at doing in Russia. And not at all because we love to fight so much, it is just that we have never spared any money or other resources for defense. We will not judge whether this is good or bad, we will simply accept as a fact that today in Russia there already exists and continues to actively develop such weapons that have no analogues in the world. We will tell about him in this collection.
Cruiser "Peter the Great".
The heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Peter the Great is the world's largest non-aircraft-carrying strike combat ship. Traditionally, the name "cruiser" is assigned to surface warships capable of operating independently of the main body of the fleet. The basis of the combat power of Peter the Great is the P-700 Granit anti-ship missile system (SCRC). A 10-meter cruise missile (and there are two dozen of them in the cruiser's arsenal) is capable of developing a speed 2.5 times higher than the sound one, and delivering a 750-kilogram charge (including a nuclear one) at a distance of over 600 km. It is the presence of such weapons that gives reason to consider the TARK as the main striking force for the destruction of not even ships, but entire enemy ship groupings, including aircraft carriers. "Peter the Great" is also equipped with launchers for the S-300F air defense missile system (vertical launch), the Osa-MA air defense system, the Kashtan air defense missile system, the 130-mm AK-130 universal automatic launchers and the 30-mm AK-630M air defense system. The ship's arsenal also has powerful anti-submarine weapons, including depth charges with its own sonar guidance system. Ka-27 helicopters based on board the ship are capable of providing air strikes.
ACS Coalition-SV.
Unique double-barreled 152-mm self-propelled howitzer. The mass of the installation is 48 tons, the ammunition load is 70 rounds, the rate of fire is up to 23 rounds per minute. The maximum speed on the highway is up to 90 km / h, the cruising range is 500 km. The firing range, depending on the projectile, can reach 70 km. The crew of the car is only 3 people. A conceptually new armored crew capsule is located at the front of the vehicle. This was made possible thanks to a new automatic loader. The new multifunctional tracked platform "Armata" has a similar layout.
Station of visual-optical interference "Grach".
This station was created specifically to protect warships at night and twilight. According to the developers, the device, "blinding" manpower and optical devices of the enemy, allows you to hide the landing, to protect people and ships from aimed fire during military operations. Station "Grach" is intended for installation on surface ships, hovercraft, hydrofoil ships, and various boats. It is noted that with the help of high-intensity light radiation, the device suppresses visual-optical and optical-electronic devices for observation and aiming. The device can also be used as a powerful searchlight device or for transmitting light signal messages at meteorological visibility ranges.
Caliber cruise missiles.
Similar missiles were launched from Russian naval ships based in the Caspian Sea. They hit the bases of ISIS fighters, located at a distance of 1.5 thousand kilometers. For military experts around the world, this came as a complete surprise: until recently, they believed that the maximum flight range of such a missile was 300 kilometers. However, as real combat experience has shown, "Caliber" can hit enemy targets even at a distance of 2 thousand kilometers. And most importantly, this missile attacks the target at a speed of three times the speed of sound at an altitude of only 10 kilometers. This means that air defense systems are powerless against it.
Advanced combat aviation complex PAK FA.
In fact, this is the latest fifth generation fighter, which is currently being successfully tested. As soon as the model goes into production, it will be named T-50. It looks like its predecessor, the Su-27. But its electronics, radars and weapons are completely new developments. PAK FA is able to fly at supersonic speed for a long time, while not using the afterburner mode, which usually very quickly depletes the engine resource. The maximum speed of the PAK FA is 2600 thousand km / h. The only fifth-generation fighter that has been put into service so far, the American F-22, has a maximum speed of 2,410 km / h. The PAK FA has a "smart casing" - fifteen hundred radio transmitters installed over the entire surface of the aircraft from nose to tail. Their sensitivity is so high that an aircraft can detect, for example, a passenger car at a distance of 100 kilometers. At any time of the day and in any weather, it will not be difficult for him to accompany 60 targets on the ground or in the air and fire on two dozen of them.
Onyx anti-ship missiles.
In other states, these missiles are better known under the names "Yakhont" or "BrahMos". Unlike Caliber, they are completely versatile. This means that missiles can be installed not only on ships and submarines, but also on aircraft and coastal launchers. You can strike with such a rocket from anywhere, for example, from an attack aircraft.
Unmanned glider U-71.
At the moment, the designers are completing work on this most modern development in the field of domestic aviation. The Ju-71 is a gliding unmanned glider capable of carrying nuclear weapons on board and maneuvering at speeds in excess of 11,000 kilometers per hour. Yes, yes, this is not a mistake: 11 thousand kilometers per hour. Moreover, the newest device can not only fly at such a speed, but escape from missiles along a broken trajectory, which is simply impossible to calculate, and therefore to shoot it down. According to experts, no missile defense system today is capable not only of calculating the trajectory of the Ju-71, but also of reaching its speed.
Heavy intercontinental missile "Sarmat".
This rocket is also in development now. According to the designers, "Sarmat" no longer flies along a ballistic trajectory, it maneuvers, being in the upper layers of the atmosphere at heights of several tens of kilometers. At the same time, it is physically impossible to determine where this object is flying. It is expected that the Sarmat will replace the famous RS-20 Voevoda missile, nicknamed Satan in the west (pictured). The new missile will be able to carry more than 4 tons of nuclear warheads at a distance of up to 10 thousand kilometers. And if the Yu-71 is used as the carrier of this warhead, it will significantly increase the probability of hitting the target.
Antey-2500 mobile anti-aircraft missile system.
The world's only mobile anti-aircraft system capable of intercepting ballistic missiles with a launch range of up to 2500 kilometers. Distinctive features of this complex are high mobility, short transfer time from transport to combat position, as well as the ability to hit up to 16 ballistic missiles flying at speeds up to 4500 m / s.
Tank T-14 with 152mm cannon.
For the first time the world saw the T-14 "Armata" this year, during the parade dedicated to the Victory Day. The tank is equipped with the latest 152-mm 2A83 cannon, which has been successfully tested, including with new shells that are capable of burning through steel armor more than a meter thick. To date, the largest cannon caliber installed on tanks is 125 mm, and the generally accepted one is 120 mm.
Experts talked about developments that will completely change the military "layouts"
Russia is developing sixth generation weapons that have the potential to change the nature of modern warfare. This close to fiction statement was made by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, saying that the Russian Foundation for Advanced Research (an analogue of the American DARPA) is now carrying out practical measures to implement 23 such projects, and by the end of the year their number will increase to 40. “Each project is already a groundwork. of the sixth technological order, "the Deputy Prime Minister stressed, adding that these weapons will eventually lead to a new type of contactless wars, in which there will be no combat losses in principle.
"MK", together with military experts, tried to figure out what the latest types of weapons and military equipment will appear in the world in the near future.
The sixth generation weapons are still difficult to imagine in detail, given that mainly Russian equipment and weapons belong to the third or fourth generation. Chief Editor of the National Defense magazine Igor Korotchenko told MK that the sixth generation weapons are, first of all, highly intelligent weapons systems that will implement the principle of contactless warfare and automatic target selection and destruction, depending on the conditions of combat use on the battlefield.
- This weapon is intelligent. We are talking about all areas, from combat biological systems, biotechnical systems and ending with developments in the field of new means of high-precision destruction of targets, including under water, - explained Korotchenko. - The main requirements are the ability to conduct network-centric warfare, artificial intelligence in weapons and military equipment systems.
Electronic pilots and smart missiles
Of course, the sixth generation weapon is still something from the realm of science fiction, and it is too early to talk about when the first samples will be "armed", perhaps this will happen in 15-20 years. Now the armies of the world are switching to fifth-generation weapons, and here Russia already has something to boast about.
First of all, this is the newest fighter that will begin to enter the Russian Air Force in 2016. The T-50 is a fifth-generation aircraft equipped with a fundamentally new avionics complex that integrates the function of an "electronic pilot" and a promising radar station with a phased antenna array. It is made using stealth technology, that is, it is hardly noticeable for radars.
Also, the T-50 can develop supersonic speed without switching on the afterburner. At the end of April, the plane received one of the important elements - the Himalayas electronic warfare station.
The US Air Force is already in service with a fighter F-22 "Raptor", which is now the only fifth generation fighter in service. The five are also being developed in China. In addition to the fifth generation fighter, Russia is developing a promising long-range aviation complex (PAK DA).
- This is a new Russian fifth-generation strategic bomber, it will be subsonic and is considered as a carrier of cruise missiles, which will be launched without entering the enemy's air defense zone. The main task of the aircraft is to quietly arrive in the specified area and carry out a mass launch of highly intelligent cruise missiles, and the missiles for it will be adaptive, Korotchenko explained. - They themselves will analyze the formation of the enemy's air defense based on the analysis of radar interceptions and determine the possibility of a breakthrough in order to guarantee hitting the target. According to data from open sources, the aircraft will be made according to the "flying wing" scheme, using the "stealth" technology.
"Drones" - destroy the target, save the wounded
The newest unmanned aerial vehicles (), according to Korotchenko, fall into the category between the fifth and sixth generations. It is known that in the coming years the United States will begin testing a new "drone" ARES, which will have to perform various auxiliary tasks on the battlefield, such as: delivering goods to distant garrisons or transporting wounded soldiers, and, of course, conduct reconnaissance of the area. In addition, a promising project of a multipurpose unmanned vehicle for the army was announced.
If we talk about strike UAVs, then the United States still occupies a leading position here. UAVs are now in service with the American army MQ-1 Predator and new MQ-9 Reaper... By 2020, it is planned to create such a basic UAV platform that can be used in all theaters of military operations.
The new "drone" will stay in the air longer, will be able to perform missions in difficult weather conditions, and will automatically take off, land and enter the combat patrol area. In addition, it will be able to intercept air targets, conduct direct support of ground forces, and carry out reconnaissance, conduct electronic warfare, as well as suppress enemy air defense systems.
Unfortunately, in Russia one can only dream of creating a UAV of this level.
“The Sukhoi company is building a combat drone using stealth technology; a number of design bureaus in Kazan are implementing the concept of attack drones,” Korotchenko said. - Over the past 20 years, we have largely lagged behind and now it is important to develop a base.
"Armata" - a command tank for robots
Where we are "ahead of the rest of the world" so far is the development of fifth-generation combat platforms "Armata", on the basis of which the newest tank should appear next year.
- The fifth generation tank is a combat platform on the basis of which a tank, a heavy infantry fighting vehicle, repair and evacuation and special vehicles will appear, - said Korotchenko.
According to some reports, the tank will have digital control, the crew will be housed in an isolated armored capsule. A 125 mm cannon will be installed on the Armata, which will be remotely controlled. The tank will be able to keep hitting any types of modern and promising weapons.
There are no such developments in the West.
In this direction, in addition to Russia, China is working, which created the Type-99 tank, Korea - the K-1 tank and Japan with the newest Type-10 tank, - said MK. military expert Viktor Murakhovsky... According to the expert, the newest tank can seriously change the balance of forces in a modern theater of operations.
- First of all, this is a new layout, unlike any other tank, it increases the survival rate of the crew on the battlefield by an order of magnitude, - says Murakhovsky. - Another important element: the tank has its own on-board information management system that automates many processes, for example, target tracking.
In the future, the crew of such a tank on the battlefield will be able to control several robotic platforms.
"Umbrella" from earth to space
Also, the fifth generation weapons include anti-aircraft missile systems, which can hit intercontinental ballistic missiles in space. The S-500 belongs to a new generation of surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile systems, which are designed to intercept ballistic missiles with a range of up to 3.5 thousand kilometers and a speed of up to 5 km per second. According to the declared characteristics, the S-500 air defense system should detect and simultaneously hit up to 10 supersonic targets at a distance of up to 600 km, that is, in near space. According to the military, these systems should appear in service in 2016.
According to Viktor Murakhovsky, the S-500 system by itself is not capable of changing the balance of power.
- In the future, the leading countries will create complex integrated aerospace defense systems, which will include ground-type detection means, including long-range ones, such as over-the-horizon missile attack warning stations. And also satellites that combine optical tracking of outer space, aircraft for early warning radar, - said Murakhovsky. - Fire weapons will also be part of this united unified system, and everything from the portable anti-aircraft missile system to the promising A235 anti-missile system and the S-500 air defense system. In this aspect, it will have a strong impact on the prospects for the conduct of hostilities in the future.
Ride hypersound
The weapons that will occupy the niche between the fifth and sixth generations are hypersonic missiles. Now the United States is testing the X-51A Waverider prototype, which, according to the declared characteristics, should reach speeds of up to 6.5-7.5 thousand km / h. After several unsuccessful launches, in 2013, this rocket flew 426 kilometers in six minutes, developing a speed of about 5 thousand km / h.
The development of this miracle weapon, which in its importance is compared to the creation of an atomic bomb, was carried out by the Americans as part of the "rapid global strike" program, the main goal of which is to reduce the flight time of high-precision cruise missiles.
Similar developments are also underway in Russia, but they are at an earlier stage.
As told last July General Director of the Tactical Missile Armament Corporation Boris Obnosov: “Our rockets still fly at hypersonic, but we need not a short-term, but a stable flight of a rocket at hypersonic in the atmosphere. We need to achieve a long-term flight and not at low hypersound. " Hypersound starts at a speed of Mach 4.5 and higher: it is necessary to create a rocket that would fly at speeds of 6 M, 10 M, 14 M.
The situation in the modern world is such that the Russian Federation, in order to maintain its sovereignty and play key roles in the international arena, is forced to strengthen its combat capability. And what is the strengthening of combat capability? This is, first of all, the strengthening of the Russian army with new weapons - classified types of weapons, and those that Russia sells to other countries.
This article will focus on the latest weapons developments in Russia. Some of these weapons are already being used by our troops, other new models are under development and testing, and should enter service with the Russian army in 2018-2019.
It should be said here once again that at present in Russia many types of weapons of a new generation are being developed and tested, and the testing of new weapons in Russia is a secret matter. For obvious reasons, nothing can be said about such weapons yet. In addition, within the framework of a separate article, it is simply impossible to talk about all the new developments, so we will only talk about some of the loudest examples of modern weapons in Russia.
The newest weapon of Russia 2017-2018
Generally speaking, according to prominent experts in the field of weapons and politicians, in the coming years, the Russian armed forces should receive:
- More than 600 aircraft of various types: fighters, long-range aircraft, strategic bombers, etc .;
- More than 1000 newest helicopters;
- Over 300 new super-air defense systems;
- New generation ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads;
- New nuclear weapons;
- New high-precision weapons (bombs, missiles, etc.), as well as the latest guidance systems for such weapons, designed for high-precision shooting;
- New weapons to destroy tanks and other ground vehicles;
- The latest models of small arms and military equipment;
- Various new generation military equipment, as well as other products of domestic arms enterprises.
In addition, the Russian Armed Forces should soon receive command and control systems based on automation. A new secret weapon for Russia is also being developed. According to some reports, the development of the latest Russian small arms is currently underway, the work of which is supposed to be based on fundamentally new physical methods.
In addition, work continues on the creation of hypersonic missiles, which are supposed to be based not on the surface of the earth, but in airspace. It is assumed that the speed of such rockets will be 7-8 times higher than the speed of sound. This, for obvious reasons, will be Russia's newest secret weapon.
In addition, work is underway in Russia on other models of superweapons. Some of these examples of Russian superweapons will be discussed below.
Russian nuclear weapons
It is known that the main shield of our country is strategic nuclear weapons. Until now, well-known Russian samples of strategic nuclear weapons "Voevoda" and "Sotk" serve well. However, they are already being replaced by more advanced models ("Topol", "Topol - M").
However, in addition to the listed ones, now a new secret weapon of Russia is actively and successfully being developed and introduced, that is, new models of strategic missiles. Here are just a few of them:
- RS-24 Yars. The rearmament of the Russian army with such missiles, in fact, is already taking place. According to the Russian command, missiles of this type will replace outdated samples of strategic missile weapons (the same Topol and Topol-M);
- RS-26 Rubezh. This complex is designed to use an intercontinental ballistic missile with increased firing accuracy. In 2014, the complex entered service with the Russian army. It is assumed that this missile will eventually replace the Topol-M and Yars;
- BZHRK Barguzin. Since this type of weapon has not yet been used in the Russian army (it is under development), there is little information about it. This new secret weapon of Russia is expected to enter service in 2018;
- Rocket launcher "Avangard". This is a fundamentally new weapon, its effectiveness in comparison with the same "Topol-M" can be 50 times higher. The warhead of this missile is capable of flying from 16 to 25 thousand km. The rocket launcher is supposed to be put into service in 2018;
- Rocket bottom complexes. These are, in fact, rocket launchers located on the seabed and, accordingly, launching missiles from the depths of the sea. One of these complexes was named "Skif". The essence of the action of such a complex is as follows. The rocket located on the seabed is in constant standby mode. When a command is sent, the rocket fires and hits the surface ship or any ground target. The water column serves as a kind of mine for the rocket. The first test launch of the rocket since the White Sea was made back in 2013. The development of bottom missile systems is carried out to this day;
- Mobile missile systems. Based on the name, such complexes can be moved from place to place, which is their considerable advantage over stationary complexes. In Russia, work is currently underway on the creation of railway and sea mobile missile systems. One of the test sea mobile missile systems was placed in an ordinary cargo container. A trial launch of a rocket from such a complex had a considerable effect on observers and experts.
We repeat: all of this is only a small part of the missile weapons that were put into service in 2017 or planned to enter the Russian armed forces in the near future.
Anti-tank weapon
As for anti-tank weapons, there are also unique samples that have no analogues anywhere in the world. Here are just a few of these samples:
- Rocket complex Kornet-D. This is a very effective weapon for destroying enemy armored vehicles. Since the complex is a missile, then, consequently, the destruction of enemy armored vehicles is carried out by missiles;
- Complex Hermes. Its first version, called "Hermes-A", was intended to be destroyed with the help of helicopters. The complex is attached to a helicopter, and in this way fire is fired at enemy armored vehicles. Currently, work is underway to create new versions of ATGM, which are designed to expand and diversify the use of weapons. In particular, it is known that in the near future missiles fired from the Hermes complex should be used from the Pantsir-S1 anti-aircraft missile system;
- MGK BUR. In essence, this is a new and improved grenade launcher that has a reusable launcher and one shot. That is, after each shot, the grenade launcher must be reloaded, as was the case in all previous versions of this type of weapon.
Other models of anti-tank weapons, which are currently being worked on, are classified, and therefore it is not necessary to talk about them in detail.
New small arms
Speaking of "the new weapon of Russia", it is impossible to do without mentioning the new small arms produced in the country. Missiles, planes and ships are, of course, wonderful, but it is small arms that are primarily capable of protecting the most valuable thing - the life of a soldier. Here are just a few new examples of Russian small arms:
- Two-medium machine gun ADS. It is a unique new Russian small arms weapon that is capable of firing both outdoors and underwater. In addition, the machine gun is designed in such a way that it can be fired from both the left and right hands. Serially, the assault rifle began to be produced in 2016, and it entered service in the Russian army in 2017;
- SVLK-14S. Such a rifle is an extremely accurate sniper weapon of Russia, from which you can effectively hit a target at a distance of up to 2 km. It is also the most powerful firearm to date;
- Lebedev pistol (PL-14). Domestic pistols are perhaps the weakest point of our small arms. The famous "Makarov" has long been outdated - both in terms of its fighting qualities and in other senses, there are also complaints about other domestic pistols. Against this background, the new domestic pistol, developed by designer Lebedev, looks very attractive. The pistol is very light and thin, it can be fired with either the right or left hand, its recoil is small, the accuracy of fire and the rate of fire are superior to the existing domestic counterparts. The pistol should go into service with both the army and the police. In addition, the designers also promise a sports version of the PL-14.
At present, several defense enterprises of the country are working on the creation of a fundamentally new small arms, in no way similar to the famous Kalashnikov assault rifle. In particular, it is already known that such a weapon will have a percussion mechanism and a butt in the butt, and it is supposed to shoot from such a weapon with specially developed (innovative) cartridges. Such cartridges will have significantly increased accuracy and firing range, as well as destructive power. The first samples of such weapons have already entered the Russian armed forces this year. Massively new small arms will begin to enter the army and special forces in 2020.
Robots as Russia's latest weapon
It is clear that in the age of electronic technology, robots can also (and should) be weapons. What is actually happening. This year in Russia began to create robots-special forces. According to the designers, such robots will be able to provide significant assistance to soldiers on the battlefield: help snipers in choosing a target, deliver ammunition, and also perform the functions of orderlies - that is, find the wounded, provide them with first aid and transport them to medical facilities. Such robots are currently being tested.
Another combat robot (or rather a robotic military complex), which was named "Nerekhta". He moves on tracks and is armed with a Kord machine gun. Initially, the robot was conceived as an artillery fire spotter, but soon the designers realized that for such a machine, being just a spotter was not enough.
Currently, the robot "Nerekhta" can go into reconnaissance, imperceptibly destroy the enemy pillbox, open fire from a machine gun and thereby support its soldiers. The robot is capable of moving up to 30 km per hour, it is controlled by a remote control. Since the robot is equipped with an optoelectronic system, a thermal imager, a laser rangefinder and a ballistic computer, it is now also successfully used as a guard for missile systems.
Currently, work is underway to improve the robot. So, this year the improved version of "Nerekhta-2" was tested. Such a robot will be the "squire" of the fighter, that is, it will carry his weapons and equipment for the fighter. The robot can be controlled by voice and gestures. In addition, the robot will act in sync with the fighter it serves. For example, if a fighter took aim and shot at some target, then the robot from its weapon will also shoot at the same target - for reliability and safety net.
Russian Federation were formed in 1992. At the time of creation, their number was 2 880 000 people. Today it reaches 1,000,000 people. It is not only one of the largest armed forces in the world. The armament of the Russian army today is very modern, developed, has reserves of nuclear weapons, weapons of mass destruction, a developed system of counteraction to the enemy's offensive and the redeployment of weapons, if necessary.
In the army of the Russian Federation, foreign-made weapons are practically not used. Everything you need is made on the territory of the country. All military equipment and weapons are the result of scientific research and the functioning of the defense industry. The army is controlled by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation through military districts and other command and control bodies. Also, a General Staff was created to control the Russian Armed Forces, whose tasks are defense planning, conducting mobilization and operational training, organizing reconnaissance operations, etc.
Armored vehicles
The military equipment and weapons of the Russian army are constantly being modernized. This happens with vehicles such as armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles and BMDs. They are intended for conducting combat operations on various types of terrain, and are also capable of transporting a combat detachment of up to 10 people, and overcoming water obstacles. These vehicles can move both forward and reverse at the same speed.
So, at the beginning of 2013, the BTR-82 and BTR-82A entered service with the Russian army. This modification has an economical diesel generator set, equipped with an electric drive with a stabilizer for controlling a gun, a laser sight. The designers have improved reconnaissance capabilities, the fire extinguishing and fragmentation protection system has been improved.
In service there are about 500 BMP-3. This technique and the weapons with which it is equipped have no equal in the whole world. equipped with protection against mines, have a durable and sealed case, providing circular booking to protect personnel. BMP-3 is an airborne amphibious vehicle. On a flat road, it develops a speed of up to 70 km / h.
Russian nuclear weapons
Nuclear weapons have been in service since the days of the USSR. This is a whole complex that directly includes ammunition, carriers and means of movement, as well as control systems. The action of the weapon is based on nuclear energy, which is released during the fission reaction or fusion of nuclei.
New is presented today by RS-24 "Yars". Development on it was started in the USSR in 1989. After Ukraine's refusal to develop it together with Russia, all design developments in 1992 were transferred to MIT. By design, the Yars missile is similar to the Topol-M. Its difference is a new platform for breeding blocks. On the Yars, the payload has been increased, and the hull has been treated with a special compound to reduce the impact of a nuclear explosion. This missile is capable of performing programmed maneuvers and is equipped with a complex to counter missile defense systems.
Pistols for the army
Pistols in troops of any kind are used for close combat and personal self-defense. This weapon became widespread due to its compactness and light weight, but the main advantage was the ability to fire with one hand. Until 2012, pistols in service with the Russian army were mainly used by the Makarov systems (PM and PMM). Models are designed for 9 mm cartridges. The firing range reached 50 meters, the rate of fire was 30 rounds per minute. The capacity of the PM magazine is 8 rounds, the PMM is 12 rounds.
However, the Makarov pistol is recognized as outdated, a more modern model has been adopted. This is "Strizh", developed in conjunction with employees of special forces. In terms of its technical characteristics, the pistol surpasses the world famous Glock. Another pistol that was adopted by the army of new Russia in 2003 was the SPS (Serdyukov self-loading pistol).
For him were developed 9-mm cartridges with small ricochet bullets, as well as with armor-piercing and armor-piercing tracer bullets. It is equipped with a special spring to speed up the change of the double-row magazine and two safety valves.
Aviation
The armament of the Russian army in terms of aviation makes it possible to provide protection and attack on the enemy, as well as to carry out various operations, such as reconnaissance, security and others. Aviation is represented by aircraft and helicopters for various purposes.
Among the aircraft, the Su-35S model should be noted. This fighter is multifunctional and super-maneuverable, it is designed to strike at moving and stationary ground targets. But his main task is to gain air supremacy. The Su-35S has engines with higher thrust and a rotary thrust vector (product 117-C). It uses a fundamentally new onboard equipment - the aircraft's information and control system ensures the maximum degree of interaction between the pilots and the vehicle. The fighter is equipped with the latest Irbis-E armament control system. It is capable of simultaneously detecting up to 30 air targets, firing up to 8 targets without interrupting the observation of ground and airspace.
Among the helicopters, the KA-52 "Alligator" and the KA-50 "Black Shark" should be noted as the modern weapons of the Russian army. These two combat vehicles are formidable weapons, so far no country in the world has been able to create and oppose equipment that matches them in terms of tactical and technical capabilities. "Alligator" can operate at any time of the day or night, in any weather and climatic conditions. "Black Shark" is designed to destroy various armored vehicles, including tanks, as well as to protect ground targets and troops from enemy attacks.
Vehicles
The equipment of the Russian army with vehicles for various purposes is large. Automotive equipment is presented in the form of highly mobile, cargo and passenger, multipurpose, specially protected and armored.
The STS "Tiger", adopted by the Russian army, has proven itself especially well. The vehicle is used for reconnaissance operations, observing the enemy, transporting personnel and ammunition, patrolling high-risk areas, escorting mobile convoys. It has high maneuverability, long range, good visibility for firing.
For the operational transfer of equipment, ammunition and personnel in large-scale quantities, the KRAZ-5233VE "Spetsnaz" is used. The vehicle is designed for work in severe climatic conditions (from -50 to + 60 degrees), has a high cross-country ability - it can overcome water obstacles up to 1.5 m deep and snow covers up to 60 cm high.
Tanks
Tanks are armored fighting vehicles and are used by ground troops. Today, the Russian army uses the T-90, T-80 and T-72 models. Modern armament with tanks outnumbers the equipment of the United States Army.
The T-80 has been supplied to the army since 1976, since then it has gone through several modifications. It is used to support the destruction of people and various objects (for example, fortified firing points) with firepower, to create defensive lines. Has multi-layer armor, increased maneuverability. It is equipped with a 125-mm cannon paired with a machine gun, a Utes machine-gun complex, a smoke grenade launch system, and an anti-tank missile control system.
The T-90 tank, especially the T-90SM modification, can be safely positioned as the newest weapon of the Russian army. It is equipped with an improved fire extinguishing system, an air conditioning system has been added, it is possible to hit moving targets with high accuracy while driving. In all characteristics it surpasses such tanks as "Abrams" or "Leopard".
Machine guns in service with the army
The most famous weapon of the Russian army is And although they lack grace or beauty, they have earned popularity for their simplicity and ease of use. This assault rifle dates back to 1959, when it was first adopted by the USSR army. In recent years, since 1990, AK-74M models with a bar for mounting various types of sights have been produced for the army. In it, the designers were able to realize the dream of a universal machine. But no matter how versatile it may be, history does not stand still, and technologies are developing.
To date, the modern armament of the Russian army in terms of machine guns is represented by the AK-12 model. It is devoid of the shortcomings of all types of AK - there is no gap between the receiver cover and the receiver itself. The design makes the machine convenient for use by both right-handers and left-handers. The model is compatible with magazines for AKM, AK-74. It is possible to mount a grenade launcher and various types of sight. Shooting accuracy is almost 1.5 times higher than that of the AK-74.
Grenade launchers in the Russian troops
Grenade launchers are designed for various purposes and are divided into several types. So, there are easel, automatic, manual, multipurpose, underbarrel and remote controlled. Depending on the type, they are intended to destroy enemy troops, mobile and stationary targets, to destroy unarmored, lightly armored and armored vehicles.
The new small arms of the Russian army in this category are represented by the RPG-30 "Hook" grenade launcher. It is a disposable weapon, entered the army in 2013. is a double-barreled one, consisting of two grenades: a simulator and a 105-mm combat grenade. The simulator ensures the activation of the enemy's defense functions, and the combat grenade directly destroys the target left without protection.
One cannot ignore such modern weapons of the Russian army as the GP-25 and GP-30 underbarrel grenade launchers. They are equipped with Kalashnikov assault rifles of the AK-12, AKM, AKMS, AKS-74U, AK-74, AK-74M, AK-103 and AK-101 modifications. The GP-25 and GP-30 under-barrel grenade launchers are designed to destroy live and non-living targets and non-armored vehicles. Sighting range - about 400 m, caliber - 40 mm.
Sniper rifles
Sniper rifles used as small arms of the Russian army are divided into several types, or rather, have different purposes. To eliminate single camouflaged or moving targets, a 7.62 mm SVD is used. The rifle was developed back in 1958 by E. Dragunov and has an aiming range of up to 1300 meters. Since then, the weapon has gone through several modifications. In the 90s. was developed and put into service with the Russian army (SVU-AS). It has a caliber of 7.62 and is intended for airborne units. This rifle has the ability to fire automatically and is equipped with a folding stock.
For military operations that require no noise, WSS is used. Despite the fact that the Vintorez sniper rifle was created in the former USSR, the SP-5 and SP-6 cartridges are used for firing (pierces a steel plate 8 mm thick from a distance of 100 m). Sighting range is from 300 to 400 meters, depending on the type of sight used.
Military naval forces of Russia
The armament of the Navy, which is used by the army of the new Russia, is quite diverse. Surface ships provide support for submarine forces, provide transportation of landing troops and cover for landing, protection of territorial waters, coastline, search and tracking of the enemy, support of sabotage operations. The submarine forces provide reconnaissance operations, surprise attacks on continental and naval targets. Naval aviation forces are used to attack enemy surface forces, destroy key objects on its coastline, intercept and prevent enemy aircraft attacks.
The navy includes destroyers, patrol ships of the far and near sea zone, small missile and anti-submarine ships, missile, anti-sabotage boats, large and small landing ships, nuclear submarines, minesweepers, landing boats.
Defense production
After the collapse of the USSR, the defense industry experienced a sharp decline. However, in 2006, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved the State Arms Development Program for 2007-2015. According to this document, over the years indicated, new weapons and various technical means should be developed to replace the old one.
The development and supply of new and modernized weapons and equipment is carried out by such enterprises as Rostekhnologii, Oboronprom, Motorostroitel, Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant, United Aircraft Corporation, Russian Helicopters, Uralvagonzavod, Kurgan engine building plant "and others.
Most of the research centers and design bureaus developing weapons for the Russian army are strictly classified, as are the enterprises of the defense industry. But the defense industry today provides jobs for many large and medium-sized cities of the Russian Federation.
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