• The level of combat training of personnel;
• The level of moral and psychological training of servicemen;
• Preparedness of commanders and staffs for the forthcoming hostilities;
• The technical condition of standard military equipment and weapons and their compliance with modern requirements;
• The level of staffing of the formations;
• Availability of material reserves of any plan for the conduct of hostilities.

Measures to maintain combat readiness

The following is a list of internal activities within the Armed Forces to maintain combat readiness:

• Constant combat training for all types of training:
  • Drill;
  • Tactical training;
  • Physical training;
  • Fire training;
  • Engineering training;
  • Chemical preparation;
  • And other types of training;
  • Combat coordination classes.
• Conducting command post exercises (operational training);
• Conducting military exercises;
• Moral and psychological educational work with personnel;
• Social and legal work with personnel and prevention of offenses in the military environment;
• Work on personnel motivation (financial incentives and career prospects);
• Maintenance of military equipment and weapons;
• Constant control of counterintelligence bodies;
• Periodic review of military units;
• Periodic check of the combat readiness of formations and military units;
• Maintaining the required level of material reserves of any plan for the conduct of hostilities.

External conditions affecting combat readiness

The combat readiness of the Armed Forces, regardless of state affiliation, depends on the following external factors:

• Sufficient funding of the military budget;
• A positive image of the Armed Forces in the public mind, in order to attract candidates for military service;
• Systematic rearmament of troops with modern types of weapons and equipment;
• The economic capabilities of the state to conduct long-term full-scale hostilities;
• Opportunities and state of the transport system of the state

Alertness

The armed forces of various states establish their own list levels of alert... They correspond to various modes of functioning of subunits and military units - from which they can begin to perform a combat mission within a certain time frame, established in documentary order and enshrined in the service instructions for each serviceman for his position. With each subsequent combat readiness, the time required to be ready to conduct hostilities is reduced. The highest combat readiness means that a particular formation is ready to immediately start fighting.
For example, in the USSR Armed Forces there were 4 degrees combat readiness:

1. Constant- was the usual daily functioning of military units and formations in peacetime, engaged in combat training and the organization of immediate security, garrison and guard service.
2. Increased- characterized by the following activities: full gathering of personnel, additional staffing, checking the state of equipment and weapons, training in combat coordination, preparation for redeployment, preparation of material reserves and transport.
3. War danger- Measures carried out after the announcement of a combat alert: the departure of formations to the concentration area, obtaining provisions and communications equipment, ammunition and protective equipment, the organization of sentry protection.
4. Full- the advancement of troops to positions, the receipt of combat missions, the deployment of fire weapons, the organization of commandant service and combat security.

The names of the established degrees of combat readiness were always indicated in capital letters and were not inclined.

The practical meaning of the introduction levels of alert has two reasons:

1. The sequence of measures for the phased deployment of troops required for the deployment of troops, mobilization of those liable for military service, the preparation of material reserves necessary for the conduct of hostilities, the de-mothballing of military equipment and weapons in warehouses, etc.
2. The fact is that the Armed Forces of any state are not able, with any change in the external or internal political situation, to keep both personnel in constant tension and to mobilize financial and material resources for this.

Specificity of the degrees of combat readiness for some combat arms

In the modern era, in view of the fact that many states have weapons of mass destruction and warhead delivery vehicles that enable a sudden large-scale use of capable of causing irreparable damage to a combat unit in a matter of minutes, ground units, aviation and the navy must be constantly ready to start hostilities. In order to ensure this, in the modern armed forces of almost all states of the world, it is envisaged to maintain troops to the extent constant combat readiness, which, in turn, is ensured due to the constant staffing of troops with personnel, weapons, ammunition and other means necessary for the earliest possible entry into hostilities and the performance of combat missions.
But to ensure the complete security of the state, for some combat arms there are special degrees of combat readiness, in which the periods of phased deployment and the terms of readiness to conduct hostilities are extremely compressed, and for them, in fact, there is no gradation according to combat readiness- since they are constantly in full combat readiness:

The listed branches of the armed forces are always ready to immediately begin to conduct combat operations, according to the profile of the combat missions they are solving.

Combat duty

The highest form of maintaining combat readiness both in peacetime and in wartime is alert duty(DB).
In peacetime, combat duty includes the organization of immediate security, garrison and guard service. In wartime, the organization of sentry and combat protection, as well as the commandant service according to the legislative special status described in the law on the introduction of martial law in the state, is also connected to this.
The practical purpose of combat duty in peacetime and wartime:

• Control over the state of the operational and tactical situation;
• Control over the security of military facilities and military townships (garrison and guard service);
• Control over the situation in military garrisons (commandant service);
• Control over the movement of military vehicles and convoys (road commandant service);
• reinforcing vigilance skills in servicemen, developing tolerance to prolonged loads, the ability to make the right decisions in various situations in accordance with military regulations and service instructions, accustoming them to responsibility for decisions.

The events of recent years prove the correctness of the ancient Greek proverb: "If you want peace, prepare for war." By practicing the worst of the scenarios for the development of events, you can check the combat readiness of troops, as well as send a signal to a potential enemy or unfriendly neighbor. The Russian Federation achieved a similar result after conducting a series of military exercises.

The concern of the United States of America and NATO is explained by the fact that combat readiness in Russia is aimed not at one of the worst scenarios, but at several: for the sake of peace in its country, the Russian army is ready for war in any direction.

Definition

Combat readiness is a state of the Armed Forces in which various army units and subunits are able to carry out preparation and engage in combat with the enemy in an organized manner and in a short time. The task set by the military leadership is being carried out by any means, even with the help of nuclear weapons. The troops on alert (BG), having received the necessary weapons, military equipment and other materiel, are ready at any time to repel an enemy attack and, following orders, use weapons of mass destruction.

Plan for bringing to BG

In order for the army to be put on alert, the headquarters develops a plan. This work is supervised by the commander of the military unit, and the result is approved by the senior commander.

The BG plan provides for:

• the procedure and methods of notifying the military personnel of the Armed Forces and officers for the collection;
• their place of deployment is indicated;
• actions of the duty officer and in the military unit;
• actions of the commandant service in the areas of concentration of personnel and military equipment.

Start

Bringing to combat readiness for each level begins with a signal that is received by the duty officer of the military unit. Further, using the “Cord” system installed in each military unit, a telephone or a siren, the unit duty officer is notified of the duty units and the commander. Having received the signal, the information is clarified, and then with the help of a voice command: “Rota, rise! Alarm, alarm, alarm! ”- the units on duty notify the entire personnel about the beginning of the operation. After that, the command is given: "A gathering is announced" - and the servicemen are sent to the units.

Those who live outside the military unit receive the command to assemble from the messengers. It is the duty of the driver-mechanics to arrive at the park. There, the attendants give out the keys to the boxes with the cars. Drivers are required to prepare all the necessary equipment prior to the arrival of officers.

The loading of army equipment is carried out by personnel in accordance with the combat crew. Having prepared, under the supervision of the elders, all the necessary equipment for dispatch to the deployment site, the personnel await the arrival of the officers and warrant officers who are responsible for transporting the military unit's property. Those who have not entered are sent to the collection point.

Alertness

Depending on the situation, BG can be:

• Constant.
• Increased.
• In a state of war danger.
• Complete.

Each degree has its own events in which military personnel take part. Their clear awareness of their duties and the ability to quickly perform tasks testifies to the ability of subunits and groups of forces to act in an organized manner in critical situations for the country.

What is needed to conduct BG?

Bringing on alert is influenced by:

• combat and field training of subunits, officers and staffs;
• organization and maintenance of the army in accordance with the requirements of the combat manual;
• staffing of army units and units with the necessary weapons and equipment.

The ideological education of personnel and their awareness of their responsibilities is of great importance to achieve the necessary

Standard BG

Constant combat readiness is a state of the Armed Forces in which subunits and units are concentrated at a permanent deployment point and are engaged in daily activities: a strict daily routine is carried out, high discipline is maintained. Part is engaged in routine maintenance of equipment and training. The classes are coordinated with the schedule. The troops are ready at any time to move to the highest degree of BG. For this purpose, dedicated units and subdivisions carry out round-the-clock duty. All activities take place as planned. For storage of material and technical means (ammunition, fuels and lubricants), special warehouses are provided. Machines have been prepared, which at any moment, if necessary, can carry them out to the area where the subunit or unit is located. In combat readiness of this degree (standard), it is envisaged to create special reception centers for loading and transporting servicemen and officers to mobilization sites.

Increased BG

Increased combat readiness is a state of the Armed Forces in which units and subunits are ready to act in a short period of time to repel a military danger and carry out combat missions.

With increased combat readiness, measures are provided:

• cancellation of vacations and redundancies;
• strengthening the outfit;
• the implementation of round-the-clock duty;
• return to the location of part of the subdivisions;
• verification of all available weapons and equipment;
• acquisition of ammunition for combat training equipment;
• checking alarm and others;
• preparation of archives for delivery;
• officers and warrant officers are equipped with weapons and ammunition;
• officers are transferred to the barracks position.

After checking the BG of this degree, the readiness of the unit for probable changes in the regime is determined, the amount of material reserves, weapons and vehicles required for a given level for the export of military personnel and officers to the places of mobilization are checked. Increased combat readiness is used primarily for training purposes, since it is expensive for the country to operate in this mode.

The third stage of readiness

In a military danger mode, combat readiness is such a state of the Armed Forces, in which all equipment is withdrawn to the reserve area, and army units and subunits raised on alarm act in a short time to perform tasks. The functions of the army in the third degree of combat readiness (the official name of which is "military danger") are the same. BG begins with an alarm.

This degree of alertness is characterized by:

• All types of troops are withdrawn to the point of concentration. Each unit or formation is deployed in two prepared areas at a distance of 30 km from the permanent deployment point. One of the districts is considered secret and is not equipped with utilities.
• According to the laws of wartime, personnel are being re-equipped with cartridges, grenades, gas masks, anti-chemical bags and individual first-aid kits. All necessary units of any type of troops receive at the points of concentration. In the army of the Russian Federation, tank troops, after arriving at a place designated by the command, are refueled and equipped with ammunition. All other types of units also receive everything they need.
• The dismissal of persons whose service life has expired is canceled.
• The work on the admission of new conscripts is stopped.

In comparison with the two previous levels of alertness, this degree is distinguished by high financial costs.

Full combat readiness

In the fourth degree of BG, army units and formations of the Armed Forces are in a state of highest combat readiness. This mode provides for measures aimed at the transition from a peaceful situation to a military one. To fulfill the task set by the military leadership, personnel and officers are fully mobilized.

With full combat readiness, the following are provided:

• Round-the-clock vigil.
• Implementation of combat coordination. This event consists in the fact that all units and formations in which the staff reduction was made are re-staffed.
• Using an encrypted coded or other secret communication, orders are given to military personnel and officers. Commands can also be submitted in writing by courier delivery. If orders are given orally, they must be followed by written confirmation.

Bringing to combat readiness depends on the situation. BG can be carried out sequentially or bypassing intermediate degrees. Full readiness can be declared in the event of a direct invasion. After the troops are brought to the highest level of combat readiness, a report is made by the commanders of units and formations to higher authorities.

When is the fourth level of readiness still held?

Full combat readiness in the absence of a direct invasion is carried out in order to check a particular district. Also, the declared degree of BG may indicate the beginning of hostilities. Full combat readiness is checked in very rare cases. This is due to the fact that the state spends a lot of funds to finance this level. A nationwide announcement of full combat readiness can be carried out with the aim of a global verification of all units. In each country, according to security rules, only a few units can be permanently located in the fourth-level BG mode: border, anti-missile, anti-aircraft and radio-technical units. This is due to the fact that under the current conditions a strike can be delivered at any moment. These troops are constantly concentrated on the required positions. Like ordinary army units, these units are also engaged in combat training, but in case of danger, the first ones begin to act. Especially in order to respond to the aggression in time, the budget of many countries provides for funding of individual army units. The rest, in this regime, the state is not able to support.

Conclusion

The effectiveness of checking the readiness of the Armed Forces to repel an attack is possible if secrecy is maintained. Traditionally, combat readiness in Russia is under the scrutiny of Western countries. According to European and American analysts, conducted by the Russian Federation always end with the appearance of Russian special forces.

The collapse of the Warsaw bloc and the movement of NATO forces to the east are viewed by Russia as a potential threat, which means they are the reason for the subsequent adequate military activity of the Russian Federation.

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Combat readiness (combat readiness)

The state of military formations (troops, forces), which characterizes their ability to start combat operations on time and successfully complete assigned combat missions (final readiness to perform combat missions).

B.g. missile subunits, units and formations are characterized by the ability and ability to solve assigned combat missions; efficiency of the solution and the possibility of increasing B. (translation from peacetime to wartime). The efficiency of solving the assigned combat missions is achieved by: the lead time of their planning and the input of combat use data into the equipment of the combat missile systems and into the automated combat control system, the development of combat action plans; the quality of organization and maintenance of combat duty, all-round support of combat operations; the time the duty combat crews performed operations for the direct preparation and launch of missiles; the duration of the cyclogram of preparation and launch of missiles. A missile unit (formation) should be considered combat-ready if it is combat-ready, has combat missions, is deployed in a battle formation and is ready to carry them out on time (it is on alert to a specified degree of combat readiness). B.g. missile units and formations is the defining element of B.g. missile associations and the Strategic Missile Forces as a whole.

Required level B.g. The Strategic Missile Forces is provided with: high readiness to carry out combat missions of missile units, formations and formations; organization of continuous combat duty at control points of various levels by duty shifts, capable of independently executing the received order to launch missiles; the presence of an automated system for combat command and control of troops and weapons, which makes it possible to launch missiles directly from the highest levels of command and control; centralized planning of technical maintenance of launchers associated with lowering their readiness for launching missiles; all-round support of combat alert and combat operations; the readiness to carry out combat missions to defeat the enemy's strategic targets, depending on the degree of the threat of the outbreak of war, and other measures of a technical and organizational nature. Moreover, under the level of B.g. is understood as the measure of the Strategic Missile Forces' ability to fulfill the assigned tasks in a timely manner.

The Strategic Missile Forces provides for several degrees of BG. In peacetime, BG "Constant" ensures the timely transfer of troops (forces) from peacetime to martial law, deployment and entry into the war. At the same time, command and control bodies and troops are maintained in readiness to carry out measures to bring them to the highest degree of combat readiness: "Increased", "Military danger", "Full". With the growth of the threat of war, the degree of BG increases through the implementation of a complex of organizational, mobilization, technical and other measures within the timeframes set by the plans to bring the troops (forces) to the highest degree of combat readiness. The higher the degree of BG, the greater the number of troops (forces) capable of immediately starting hostilities and the less time they will need to prepare for the performance of combat missions. When bringing to the highest degree of combat readiness, the increase (strengthening) of the forces and means on duty at the control and communication centers is carried out in stages; control bodies are transferred to an enhanced (combat) mode of operation; new units and subdivisions are formed (mobilized); the units are dispersed to the designated areas (places) for the performance of combat missions; combat missions are being specified, and other activities are being carried out in accordance with plans. The build-up of the BG of troops (forces) can be carried out both by sequential introduction from the lowest to the highest degree of BG, and directly to the highest degree of BG, bypassing the intermediate one. Transfer to the highest degrees of burglary, bypassing intermediate ones, is carried out with a sharp exacerbation of the situation or the beginning of a war with the rise of troops on alert. At the same time, for the formations and formations of the mobile group, depending on the situation in the area of ​​their deployment, it is possible to apply the principle of "regional dispersal" of regiments, that is, the withdrawal and dispersal on combat patrol routes (field positions) of only those of them at the points of permanent deployment of which arose threat of enemy influence.

Lit .: Military encyclopedia. Vol. 1. - M .: Military Publishing, 2003. Pp. 493; Strategic Rocket Forces. Military-historical work, ed. gene. Army Maksimov Yu.P. - M .: Strategic Rocket Forces, 1994; National security concept. Approved. By the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of January 24, 2000.

Lavrischev A.A., Yudin V.N., Grezin M.Ya.

Organizational and methodological guidelines

Manager's actions:

1. Announces the educational question and the procedure for working it out.

2. Explains the material of the educational question, using a presentation on this topic, while supervising the work of students in keeping abstracts.

3. After presenting the educational question, he answers the students 'questions, conducts a quiz on the material of the educational question, evaluates the students' answers.

Trainees' actions:

1. Listen to the lesson leader and take notes.

2. If necessary, after the end of the presentation of the material of the educational question, ask the head questions.

3. Answer control questions on the material of the educational question.

The procedure for bringing a military unit to the highest degree of combat readiness is determined by a plan developed by the headquarters under the direct supervision of the commander of the military unit and approved by the senior commander (chief). It should provide for:

the procedure for notifying personnel and units;

actions of the duty officer in the military unit (operational duty officer) and other persons of the daily order;

actions of the forces and means on duty;

the area of ​​assembly of a military unit, points of assembly of subunits and the procedure for the entry of personnel into them, the withdrawal (removal) of weapons, military and other equipment, and other materiel;

areas of concentration of a military unit and the location of units in them, as well as the starting line (point), routes and procedure for the advancement of a military unit;

measures for the all-round support of the military unit;

organization of management and communication;

the procedure for taking out (exporting) the Battle Banner of a military unit;

the procedure for issuing weapons, ammunition and other materiel;

organization of the commandant service when entering the gathering and concentration areas;

officials who have the right to bring the unit to the highest degree of combat readiness;

other necessary activities.

In the degree of combat readiness, MILITARY DANGER and FULL, subunits and units are brought up by the "Combat alert" signal, and in the INCREASED degree - by the "Gathering" signal.

For the purpose of high-quality implementation of measures and the scope of work of direct preparation for the fulfillment of a combat mission in accordance with the plan for bringing the unit to full combat readiness, the subunits are working out the combat calculation of personnel actions.

The combat crew indicates:

The procedure for notifying servicemen serving under a contract and living outside the location of the unit;

The procedure for obtaining weapons and ammunition, items of equipment and property;

The procedure for taking out (taking out) property and material resources;

The order of protection and defense of the location of the unit;

Teams assigned from the unit and the order of their departure;

Actions of personnel in the areas of assembly and concentration of the unit.

Upon receipt of the "Battle Alert" signal, the company officer on duty confirms the receipt of the signal, makes sure of its reliability, marks the time of arrival at the unit, and then acts in accordance with the provisions of the “Company duty officer’s instructions”.

Depending on the time of day of the receipt of the signal, the company officer on duty organizes the rise or collection of personnel to the location of the company, using the means of telephone communication, sound signaling, daytime ones. As a rule, personnel are notified who are at scheduled classes in educational buildings and near the location of the unit at facilities with no connection. Upon the arrival of personnel at the location (upon the rise of personnel), the company officer on duty issues weapons and items of equipment stored in the weapons storage room, sends messengers for servicemen serving under a contract, and for some reason, are absent from the unit's location, gives a command to build teams, allocated from the unit, and departing to the park to remove equipment from storage and prepare it for entering the concentration area. Record on the issue of weapons is carried out in the Book of issue of weapons and ammunition in the designated place.

Prior to the arrival of the officers or the company foreman at the unit, the duty officer directs the actions of the personnel. By the forces of the detachment in the company, he organizes the protection of the location, checks the presence and number of teams allocated from the unit, and sends them to the places of work, monitors the arrival of messengers and their dispatch to the teams. With the arrival of one of the officers or the company foreman in the company, the company officer on duty reports to the newcomer about the time of receipt of the signal, the list and content of the activities carried out in the unit at this time, and acts according to his instructions.

Upon receipt of a command from the officer on duty in the company to raise the unit on a combat alert, the daytime officer acts in accordance with the “Daytime instructions for the company”, and also fulfills the instructions of the duty officer for alerting (lifting) and gathering personnel, sending commands according to the combat crew, guarding the location, monitoring the arrival messengers.

With the raising of the company on alert, the deputy platoon commanders organize, if necessary, the blackout of the location, the receipt of weapons, items of equipment and property exported to the concentration area, take the personnel to the places indicated for the construction, check the availability of weapons, equipment and other property, complete the teams allocated from subunits, report to the company officer on duty and organize the departure of teams to the fleet of combat vehicles and to the places of work in accordance with the combat crew.

Personnel with weapons, personal protective equipment, property in the established manner decreases to the places of work in accordance with the combat crew.

Similar information.

Combat readiness

armed forces (troops), the state that determines the degree of preparedness of each type of armed forces (troops) to perform the assigned combat missions. The presence of weapons of mass destruction in the arsenal of the army and the possibility of their sudden and massive use make high demands on the battlefield of the armed forces (troops). The armed forces must be capable of starting active hostilities at any time on land, at sea and in the air. For this purpose, in modern armies, it is envisaged to maintain troops in a constant (daily) battle. A constant battle is provided by the necessary manning of troops, weapons, equipment, supplies of materiel, as well as high training of personnel.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M .: Soviet encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

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