Children's alcoholism.
Student Kim Anna 1031 group.
No misfortunes and crimes destroy so many people and national wealth as drunkenness. F. Bacon.
Alcohol is a problem!
Alcoholism is one of the most serious problems of our time. Child alcoholism is one of the top three problems in Russia. An alcoholic is a person who systematically consumes alcohol, is mentally and physically dependent on alcohol.
Conclusions of narcologists.
If a child begins to drink three to four times a month, then this is already a very serious abuse, which narcologists call the systematic use of alcoholic beverages.
Causes of child alcoholism.
Attempts of the child to assert himself among older comrades; The desire of the child to get away from problems, which are troubles at school, quarrels with parents and misunderstanding on their part, the first love, misunderstandings in communication with peers, the loss of something significant (for example, the death of a beloved animal); Dependence on the street, when the family does not have the opportunity to throw out their emotions, drinking "for the company"; The presence of free, uncontrolled money for which you can buy strong drinks; parental alcoholism.
Control measures.
Preventive methods, anti-alcohol campaigning, more information in the media about the dangers of alcoholic products; increase in fines, prohibition, raising prices for alcoholic products, specialized stores for the sale of alcohol; trainings, holding class hours and parent meetings dedicated to the problem of alcoholism, and most importantly, the attitude of adults to this problem and the serious attitude towards it on the part of each of us.
Alcohol abuse is one of the pressing problems of our time. Widespread sale and advertising of beer and alcoholic beverages, social, economic and psychological tension, disorganization or high cost of normal leisure and recreation contribute to the growth of alcoholization of the Russian population.
P EDUCATIONAL IllITERACY OF PARENTS IS MANIFESTED IN THE EXISTING PREJUDICES AND DELUSIONS ABOUT THE HEALING EFFECT OF ALCOHOL: alcohol increases appetite, cures anemia, improves sleep, and facilitates teething. Alcoholization of children and adolescents is facilitated by the alcoholic environment, which is made up of drinking next of kin.
REASONS FOR TEENAGE ALCOHOLISM At the age of ten, alcoholic beverages are first tasted, either by accident or out of curiosity; After years, the following reasons become most characteristic: “everyone drinks and I drink”, “persuaded”, “for courage” and others. Introduction to alcohol in the family is one of the main problems: Children, watching adults at the holidays, begin to think that alcohol consumption is the norm and an obligatory component of family "feasts".
B FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS CAN PUSH A TEENAGER TO ALCOHOLISM: Negative interpersonal relationships within the family; overprotective parenting; worship and permissiveness, indulgence in all the weaknesses and desires of the child, etc. Television, advertising and other mass media play an important role in teaching teenagers to alcohol.
Pleasure mediators endorphin endoethanol In the subcortical structures of the brain (midbrain) chemical substances are released - pleasure mediators (endorphin, endoethanol). Each person is capable of producing their own narcotic-like substance - internal morphine or internal alcohol. 3 Interbrain (thalamus and hypothalamus)
Endorphins Alcohol and opioid substances (endorphins) in small concentrations are normally found in the blood of healthy people who have never abused either alcohol or opiates. Special receptors, enzymatic and immune mechanisms are involved in the exchange and utilization of these substances. It is with them that the pathogenetic mechanisms of chemical dependence are associated.
MECHANISM OF DEVELOPMENT OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE hangover, withdrawal syndrome withdrawal syndrome. After drinking wine, the brain stops producing its own endoethanol until the alcohol is metabolized. As a result of regular alcohol abuse (after 5-6 years), the brain stops producing it altogether. Therefore, in the morning after drinking alcohol in the evening, the head, muscles, joints hurt, the mood drops sharply, the person is incapacitated. Such a condition in everyday life is called a hangover, in medicine - withdrawal syndrome or withdrawal syndrome. The patient suffers from an acute deficiency of endoethanol, which is necessary to maintain emotional and physical tone. This forces a person to take a dose of alcohol in the morning. The need to get drunk - The need to get drunk is a sure sign of incipient alcoholism. Loss of the gag reflex to take large doses of alcohol - Loss of the gag reflex to take large doses of alcohol - a reliable sign of alcoholism, the stage when you can still hope for successful treatment.
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE PERSONALITY OF ALCOHOLICS The most vulnerable to the effects of alcohol is the nervous system. The consequences of this are: large trembling in the hands - alcoholic tremor - the characteristic gait of an alcoholic: a completely sober person walks with an unnaturally proud head raised, protruding chest and hands tightly pressed at the seams, and highly thrown feet make his movement extremely comical. The degradation of the personality is also manifested in a kind of alcoholic humor, when a stupid joke of one's own or someone else's can give rise to an outburst of laughter throughout the day. Another manifestation of degradation is pathological deceit. Alcoholics are very unreliable people: they never keep their word, or rather, they promise what they are obviously unable to fulfill. Almost all alcoholics suffer from pathological jealousy, the root cause of which is the obligatory development of impotence. A huge proportion of murders motivated by jealousy are committed by alcoholics.
Attitude of schoolchildren to drunkenness depending on age Boys at the age of 16 are less judgmental than girls about the drunkenness of others. Children of 9 years old (girls and boys equally) find it most difficult to unambiguously express their attitude to drunkenness. But, starting from the age of 13, girls expressed their attitude to the drunkenness of others more definitely than boys. The study was conducted in Russia. boysgirls
THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON THE ORGANISM Alcohol acts like narcotic substances and typical poisons - at first exciting, then paralyzing. First of all, the higher centers are paralyzed. With frequent use of alcoholic beverages, disturbances in the activity of various organs are first observed, and then anatomical changes appear in them.
THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON THE INTERNAL ORGANS The harmful effects of alcohol affect all systems of the human body (nervous, circulatory, digestive, reproductive, respiratory). gastritis peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum In the gastric mucosa, hemorrhages are found, in patients with alcoholism gastritis, peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum are detected.
The tissues of the liver and kidneys change, the vessels of the liver become less elastic, fatty degeneration of the liver is observed - cirrhosis of the liver. Alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver: the complete breakdown of this organ causes unbearable pain, severe itching of the skin, swelling on the face and legs, a significant increase in the abdomen due to the accumulation of a large amount of fluid. Then follows suffocation and painful death. The respiratory organs, sex glands and the skeletal system also suffer. In the figure, a normal liver and a yellow liver of an alcoholic: above - appearance below - a section of the liver
THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Alcohol damages the heart muscle, which leads to severe illness and increased mortality. and alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy develops. An increase in the volume of the heart is detected by x-ray examination. Even in healthy people after a large dose of alcohol, heart rhythm disturbances can occur. hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart attacks. Alcohol abuse contributes to the development and progression of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and is often the direct cause of heart attacks.
THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON THE ENDOCRINE AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Alcohol has a harmful effect on the endocrine glands and primarily on the sex glands. A decrease in sexual function is observed in 1/3 - 2/3 of alcohol abusers and in patients with chronic alcoholism. alcohol impotence neurosis, reactive depression Due to alcohol impotence in men, various functional disorders of the central nervous system (neurosis, reactive depression, etc.) easily occur. In women under the influence of alcohol, menstruation stops early, the ability to bear children decreases, and toxicosis of pregnancy is more often observed.
DISTURBANCE OF THE PSYCHE OF ALCOHOLIC Blue tremens alcoholic psychosis - occurs in patients with chronic alcoholism on the background of a hangover syndrome. For delirium tremens, the predominance of true visual hallucinations is typical. They are characterized by a plurality of images and mobility. More often these are Insects (bugs, cockroaches, beetles, flies) and small animals (cats, rats, mice). Less commonly, patients see large animals and people, sometimes with a fantastic appearance. Characterized by visions of snakes, devils, as well as deceased relatives (the so-called wandering dead)
TATISTICS OF TEENAGE ALCOHOLISM Parents introduce children to alcohol in 60.5% of cases, 76.9% of adolescents who systematically take alcohol study poorly, 23% study at the average level, 1.5% study better than the average level. Approximately 50% of adolescents who drink alcohol do not read much, while 19% of them do not read books at all. In 58% of families, only the father drinks alcohol. 53% of children who take alcohol do not have sufficient control and attention from their parents. 51.7% of families of adolescents who often drink alcohol are characterized by a tense psychological climate, where there are constant quarrels, even fights. 91% of families where teenagers regularly drink alcohol are socially unstable families.
H LOW ALCOHOL USE AND LIFESPAN 15-20 years Systematic alcohol consumption leads to premature aging, disability; the life expectancy of persons prone to drunkenness is 15–20 years shorter than the average. Conclusions Parental drunkenness creates: on the one hand, extremely unfavorable conditions for the moral upbringing and intellectual development of children and adolescents; on the other hand, it contributes to their early introduction to the use of alcoholic beverages; early initiation to alcohol and its systematic use in young years lead to drunkenness and the early development of alcoholism. the use of alcoholic beverages can delay the formation of ethical and moral categories, the development of higher forms of thinking, aesthetic concepts; with still unformed life views and beliefs, a teenager under the influence of alcohol often becomes more susceptible to examples of negative behavior.
"Family Education" - Hostile Families. High level of control. How will you react if you find out that the child lied to you. Should parents give their child pocket money? How do you deal with a child's swearing? Which of the judgments about education do you find the most successful. Families that respect children. Responsive families.
"Problems of raising children in the family" - Lack of information about how normal families function. Families with an open form of trouble. Children in a frivolous family. Distrustful family. Parents and teachers. Senior teenagers. The child is a witness to family conflicts. Incomplete families and their types. Families dominated by neglect.
"Features of family education" - Loving your children, teach them to love you. Cleansing. Education "in the cult of the disease." People lived an unreasonable life, and approached the abyss. Features of family education. child-rearing function. Types of parenting to avoid. What type of upbringing prevails in your family. Childhood is the most amenable to pedagogical influence period.
"The role of the family in education" - Three components of the interaction between the family and the school. The decision of the pedagogical council. Forms and methods of socio-pedagogical work with families. Family functions. What parenting methods do you prefer? The class teacher should differentiate work with parents. Diagnostic technologies. Plan.
"Family Education" - Requirement. Education methods. Family Pedagogy. parental authority. Baudrillard. Changes in parenting and childhood. Example. Ideal parents and children. Experience in dealing with parent-child relationships. The exercise. Punishment. Psychology and Pedagogy of the Family. Types of family education. authoritative style.
"The role of the family in the upbringing of the child" - Note. The moral character of the child. Respect for elders. A child is a mirror in which his parents can see themselves. Conflicts. In families of the first group, the relationship between parents and children is built on mutual respect. Family traits. Dear parents. Family and behavior of children.
There are 13 presentations in total in the topic
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"Bad habits" - A smoking person is a slave to a cigarette. With passive smoking, a non-smoker suffers more. Signs of drug poisoning. First aid for alcohol poisoning. A bad habit is a way of behavior fixed in a person that is aggressive towards the person or society. Bad habits seriously worsen a person's health (physical and mental). Signs of nicotine poisoning.
Alcoholism that develops during adolescence and early adulthood (13 to 18 years of age) is commonly referred to as early alcoholism. It is believed that at this age the clinical manifestations of alcoholism develop faster than in adults, and the disease is more malignant.
In the body of a child or teenager, alcohol first of all penetrates into the blood, liver, and brain. Due to the immaturity of the central nervous system, it is most vulnerable to the action of ethanol. The result of such an action is a violation of the differentiation and maturation of neurons, as a result of which the personality of a teenager suffers, logical abstract thinking, intelligence, memory, and emotional response are disturbed. Under the influence of alcohol, almost all systems of the body of a teenager are affected. According to statistics, 5-7% of poisoning in children is due to alcohol intoxication. The phenomena of intoxication in children and adolescents develop rapidly and may culminate in stupefaction and even coma. Blood pressure and body temperature rise, blood glucose levels, the number of leukocytes falls. Short-term excitation caused by alcohol intake quickly turns into a deep intoxicated sleep, convulsions are not uncommon, even death. Sometimes register mental disorders with delusions and hallucinations.
The second stage The second stage is characterized by a relatively regular intake of alcoholic beverages. The dose, the frequency of alcohol intake are growing. Adolescent behavior is changing. This period lasts up to 1 year. It is believed that the cessation of alcohol consumption during this period can give a good therapeutic result.
The third stage In the third stage, a mental dependence develops, which can last for several months or years. The teenager himself is an active promoter of the intake of alcoholic beverages at any time, in any quantity and any quality. Lost quantitative and situational control. Tolerance to ethanol increases 3-4 times. Multi-day, weekly, sometimes constant use of alcoholic beverages appears, this is the initial stage of chronic alcoholism.
Stage Four The fourth stage is defined as the chronic stage of the disease. Withdrawal syndrome was formed, mainly with a predominance of the mental component. Sometimes the withdrawal syndrome is weakly expressed in the form of vegetative-somatic disorders. Withdrawal is less prolonged than in adults, occurs after taking large doses of alcohol.
Fifth stage Further, at the fifth stage, the development of alcoholism corresponds to the patterns described for adults. A significant difference is the rapid formation of dementia (dementia). Children suffering from alcoholism quickly go down, become asocial, rude, dysphoric, intellectually degraded, with gross impairment of memory and emotions.
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