Unfortunately, statistics show that every year the number of children with mental retardation is growing. Such a delay, in turn, provokes a violation of speech and mental functions. Classes using special techniques will help to cope with speech development disorders: massage of the earlobes, massage of the tongue for the development of the child's speech, articulatory gymnastics. All of them are aimed at one goal - to help the baby develop his speech.
Speech therapy massage - what is it?
Speech therapy massage is a popular method of corrective and pedagogical influence. It is based on the mechanical effect on the speech apparatus. With proper exposure, normalization of speech occurs.
This technique has been used for a long time, but continues to evolve every year. Defectologists, teachers, speech therapists are constantly developing new methods and tactics for massage. There are classes both at a professional level and at home (performed by parents or the child himself).
What goals do specialists pursue when prescribing speech therapy exercises?
- To tone the muscles of the face.
- Normalize the work of inactive muscles.
- Reduce pathological movements in the muscles (convulsions, hyperkinesis, etc.).
- Increase the range of articulatory movements.
- Form arbitrary articulatory movements.
- Correct the condition with paresis and paralysis of muscles.
How to develop the most significant areas for a child in 20-30 minutes a day
- Three ready-made scenarios for complex developmental classes in pdf format;
- Video recommendations for conducting complex games and for their independent compilation;
- A plan diagram for compiling such activities at home
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Effective types of logo massage
The following types of speech therapy massage are recognized as the most popular.
- Classic or manual massage. It is carried out by a specialist with the help of hands and various devices (toothbrush, spatula). Patting, stroking, rubbing, light vibration are used.
- Probe massage according to Novikova. This type of influence was proposed by speech therapist Elena Viktorovna Novikova. It is carried out with the help of devices (axes, forks and others).
- Acupressure, during which the specialist acts on the points associated with the speech apparatus. Stimulation of these points contributes to the activation of speech.
- Vibratory massage.
- Self massage, during which the baby himself massages the muscles of the face.
All types of massage (except the last one) are carried out by qualified specialists. If it is not possible to constantly conduct classes with a specialist, parents can do logomassage. To do this, they need to take a course in the necessary massage techniques.
Depending on the ultimate goal, massage is divided into 2 types:
- soothing (with hypertonicity, paresis);
- activating (with cerebral palsy).
Indications for carrying out
Massage for the development of speech has clear indications for:
- all kinds of stuttering;
- various speech defects (aphasia, dyslalia, bradilalia);
- loss of voice (partial);
- minor voice disturbances;
- uncontrolled salivation;
- cerebral palsy (infantile cerebral palsy);
- pronunciation pathology caused by strong facial muscle tension;
- hypertonicity of the facial muscles;
- problems with the development of articulatory muscles;
- dysarthria (limited mobility of the tongue, palate, lips).
Indications for speech therapy massage are determined by the doctor. Parents of the baby are given a referral to visit a masseur or speech therapist in a children's medical institution. If parents do not want to visit a public specialist, they can turn to a private one. At the same time, it is definitely worth checking his qualifications (availability of diplomas and certificates).
Contraindications
Logomassage has a number of contraindications:
- stomatitis, gingivitis and other diseases of the oral cavity;
- conjunctivitis, blepharitis and other eye diseases;
- infectious diseases of a general type (chickenpox, influenza, measles and others);
- herpetic infection;
- pulsation of arteries and veins;
- swollen lymph nodes;
- skin diseases (dermatitis, lichen);
- exacerbation of any somatic disease;
- violation of the integrity of the massaged skin (abrasions, cuts);
- bruises on the face;
- violations of the vascular wall, thrombosis;
- oncological diseases;
- fungal lesions of the skin;
- the child's fear of a specialist or devices;
- baby skin hypersensitivity.
The local neuropathologist must issue a certificate to parents stating that there are no contraindications for speech therapy massage. An experienced and qualified speech therapist will definitely require this document from parents.
Features of logo massage
Carrying out exercises for speech correction in children is a serious action that requires special training of a specialist, parents and children. Therefore, it is important to know certain preparation rules.
The preparation of a speech therapist before the session consists in drawing up an individual exercise plan for each child and observing sanitary and hygienic standards:
- clean individual clothing (gown or suit), medical gloves, mask;
- disposable or disinfected instruments;
- frequent hand washing or use of an antiseptic solution;
- the use of an antiseptic solution for the baby's oral cavity ("Miramistin", "Geksoral");
- use of sterile wipes.
Parent and child preparation is also important.
- If the session is held at home, it is necessary to ventilate the room.
- The child should not be hungry. But you should not feed him immediately before the arrival of a specialist.
- If the baby is not in the mood, is naughty and cries, it is worth postponing logomassage.
- If the baby does not feel well (headache, nausea, other symptoms), it is worth postponing the session.
The duration of one massage session depends on the age of the child. The smaller the baby, the shorter the work with a speech therapist.
- Age from 0 to 3 years - 5-10 minutes.
- Age from 4 to 7 years - 15-20 minutes.
- School-age child - more than 20 minutes.
The first logomassage session should not last more than 5-10 minutes. For the first time, the baby gets acquainted with a speech therapist, a new experience of mechanical action. If the child reacted normally for the first time, feel free to increase the duration of the work.
The massage course consists of 10-20 procedures. There are 2-3 classes per week. Sometimes, by special need, classes can take place every other day or alternate with other rehabilitation activities. If a child needs several courses, then a break is observed between them. The minimum duration of the break is 14 days. During this time, the baby's body has time to rebuild and prepare for a new impact.
Various massage techniques
Consider the basic massage techniques depending on the areas involved.
Speech therapy tongue massage
- It is carried out with professional devices (probes, spatulas) or improvised materials (spoons, toothbrushes). Can be carried out with hands in sterile gloves.
- During the procedure, dry sterile wipes are placed under the tongue to absorb excess saliva.
- If there are complaints of pain and discomfort on the part of the child, work stops until the next time.
Speech therapy face massage
- It is carried out in stages, from top to bottom. The forehead is treated first, then the cheeks, nose, lips, chin and neck.
- Impact on special points is carried out.
- Instead of manual massage, massage with teaspoons can be performed.
Speech therapy hand massage
- Working with the hands improves fine motor skills.
- Impact on certain points improves nervous and brain activity, gives a positive attitude.
- The warmth of the hands of a specialist soothes and relaxes.
Ear lobe massage
- First, the ears are massaged separately, and then together.
- The movement starts from the lower edge of the earlobe, gradually moving up.
- All movements are smooth, gentle, but rhythmic.
Speech therapy children's massage at home
If it is not possible to constantly engage with a specialist, then the logo massage technique can be mastered at home. To do this, you need to take special courses or ask for help from an experienced speech therapist. Professionals in their field will teach the minimum set of techniques and exercises for the proper development of the speech apparatus. This experience will help parents more than once in the future.
How is massage done at home?
- After the diagnosis is made, an individual lesson plan is drawn up with the baby. Adults choose the appropriate exercises. So, with hypotonicity of the facial muscles, a completely different tactic will be used than with uncontrolled salivation.
- The room is being prepared for the procedure. It must be removed and ventilated.
- Tools for the procedure (toothbrush, spatula, spoons) are thoroughly washed and treated with boiling water.
- If the procedure is performed in the oral cavity, clean medical gloves must be worn.
- The parent washes their hands with soap and treats them with an alcohol-based antiseptic.
- The child is in a semi-sitting position with a soft cushion under the neck.
- Best movements: stroking, rubbing, light vibration. It is necessary to monitor the mood of the baby. Massage is not carried out if the baby is not in the spirit. The time of logomassage is regulated according to children's age. If the baby has no signs of allergies, you can use aromatic oils (lavender oil - soothes, lemon oil - tones and starts brain activity). For babies, it is better to use not oils, but powders.
- At the end of the session, it is important to praise the baby, to say nice words to him. You can play your favorite games with it. Such actions will form a benevolent attitude towards classes in the children's mind.
Here is an example of simple massage exercises that help strengthen the articulatory muscles. And it is easy to carry out with the child at home.
All movements are repeated eight to ten times and are carried out "from the center" to the periphery. Includes stroking, kneading, rubbing and pinching.
- Light strokes of the upper part of the shoulder girdle (from bottom to top).
- Stroking the chin and lower face (in the direction from the center to the ears)
- Lip massage: alternately stroking the upper and lower lips in the direction from the middle to the corners. Stroking the nasolabial folds (in the direction from the corners of the lips to the nose). Then a slight pinching of the lips in the direction from the middle to the corners.
- Facial massage. Stroking from the middle to the temples of the forehead, then from the middle to the hair. Stroking eyebrows, cheeks. Kneading the buccal and zygomatic muscles - (circular movements in a spiral from the center to the ears). And we finish by pinching the cheeks.
- Tongue massage. Includes soft circular movements to knead the tongue from the tip to the middle (front and along the side edges). Then sips of the tongue are made (holding the tip) - up, down, left, right. And we “comb” the tongue with a toothbrush with movements from the depth to the bottom. We finish the massage with kneading - squeezing the tongue from the sides in the direction "from the sides to the middle."
Children's speech therapy massage at home gives good results in combination with articulatory gymnastics. And if you add breathing exercises, physiotherapy, learning specialized games and tongue twisters, and maternal care, there is simply amazing progress in the development of speech. Doctors advise parents not to despair, but to study logomassage techniques. This invaluable experience will help out mom or dad more than once, even while raising a healthy baby.
Terekhina E.A., speech therapist, Budgetary Institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra “Rehabilitation Center for Children and Adolescents with Disabilities “Harmony”, Nyagan.
For children with significant speech disorders (alalia, dysarthria, dyslalia due to a shortened hyoid frenulum, etc.), only articulation and breathing exercises are not enough to correct sound pronunciation. Need speech therapy massage. Taking as a basis the system of massage Arkhipova E.F. for children with cerebral palsy and the knowledge gained in the courses of conventional therapeutic massage, I have prepared detailed material, both for specialists, teachers, and for parents of children with severe speech disorders. This will greatly facilitate the correction of sound pronunciation and will achieve certain results. Currently, I use various types of logomassage to correct speech disorders in my classes. I introduce parents to the methodology and technique of speech therapy massage, for further massage at home.
The role of speech therapy massage
Speech therapy massage is an active method of mechanical action that changes the state of muscles, nerves, blood vessels and tissues of the peripheral speech apparatus. Speech therapy massage is one of the speech therapy techniques that contribute to the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech and the emotional state of persons suffering from speech disorders.
Massage is used for dysarthria (there are violations of muscle tone), including its erased forms, stuttering, as well as voice disorders.
Massage has a beneficial physiological effect on the body. Massage improves the secretory function of the skin, activates its lymph and blood circulation. And consequently, it improves its nutrition, increases metabolic processes. Under the influence of massage, capillaries expand, gas exchange between blood and tissues increases (oxygen therapy of tissues). Rhythmic massage movements facilitate the movement of blood through the arteries, accelerate the outflow of venous skin. Massage has a reflex effect on the entire lymphatic system, improving the function of the lymphatic vessels. The state of the muscular system changes significantly under the influence of massage. First of all, the elasticity of muscle fibers, the strength and volume of their contractile function, muscle performance increase, their activity is restored after exercise. Differentiated use of various massage techniques allows you to lower the tone with muscle spasticity, and vice versa, increase it with flaccid paresis of the articulatory muscles. This helps the formation and implementation of active voluntary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation. There is a complex relationship between the force of impact during massage and the response of the body. With light, slow stroking, the excitability of the massaged tissues decreases.
Thus, speech therapy massage has a general positive effect on the body as a whole, causing favorable changes in the nervous and muscular systems, which play a major role in the speech-motor process.
The main tasks of speech therapy massage are:
Normalization of muscle tone of the articulatory apparatus (in more severe cases - a decrease in the degree of manifestation of motor defects of the articulatory muscles: spastic paresis, hyperkinesis, ataxia, synkinesis);
Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus in which there was insufficient contractility (or the inclusion in the process of articulation of new muscle groups that were previously inactive);
Stimulation of proprioceptive sensations;
Preparation of conditions for the formation of arbitrary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation;
Reducing hypersalivation;
Strengthening the pharyngeal reflex;
Afferentation to the speech zones of the cerebral cortex (to stimulate speech development with a delay in the formation of speech).
Contraindications for massage are infectious diseases (including SARS, influenza), skin diseases, herpes on the lip, stomatitis, conjunctivitis. With great care, massage should be used in children with episyndrome (convulsions), especially if the child cries, screams, breaks out of his hands, his nasolabial “triangle” “turns blue” or chin tremor is noted.
Speech therapy massage is carried out in a warm, well-ventilated room. Usually massage is recommended to be carried out in cycles of 10-15-20 sessions, preferably every day or every other day. After a break of 1-2 months, the cycle can be repeated. Under certain circumstances, when massage cannot be done frequently and regularly, it can be carried out for a longer time, but less often.
The duration of one procedure may vary depending on the age of the child, the severity of speech impairment, individual characteristics, etc. The initial duration of the first sessions is from 1-2 to 5-6 minutes, and the final one is from 15 to 20 minutes. At an early age, massage should not exceed 10 minutes, at a younger preschool age - 15 minutes, at an older preschool and school age - 25 minutes.
Body position during speech therapy massage
Before starting a massage session, the child's body must be brought into the correct position. The correct posture contributes to the normalization of muscle tone (usually - relaxation), makes breathing more free.
With speech therapy massage, the following positions are most optimal:
In the supine position, a small roller is placed under the child's neck, which allows you to slightly raise your shoulders and tilt your head back; arms extended along the body; at the same time, the legs lie freely or are somewhat bent at the knees (you can also put a roller under the child’s knees);
The child is in a half-sitting position in a chair with a high headrest;
The child is in a half-sitting position in a reclining highchair or a seated stroller.
The main types of speech therapy massage:
Classic manual massage.
Therapeutic classic massage is applied without taking into account the reflex effect and is carried out near the damaged area of the body or directly on it. The main techniques of manual classical massage are: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration.
To perform these techniques when massaging the tongue, speech therapists often use toothbrushes with soft bristles, spatulas, nipples, etc.
Acupressure is a type of therapeutic massage, when locally relaxing or stimulating biologically active points (zones) are applied, according to the indications for a disease or dysfunction.
Hardware massage is carried out using vibration, vacuum and other devices.
Probe massage (according to the method of Novikova E.V.).
Self-massage.
The definition of massage follows from its name. The child does the massage himself. This can be either a facial massage with your hands, or, for example, a tongue massage with the help of teeth (an articulatory exercise “Let's comb the tongue”, when the child pushes the tongue with force through closed teeth).
- Relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles.
It is used in case of increased tone (spasticity) in the speech muscles (in the facial, labial, lingual muscles).
Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of mimic means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the normal nutrition of the child and the subsequent development of speech.
Important: Give the child positions in which pathological tonic reflexes would be minimally manifested or not manifested at all.
Relaxation of the neck muscles (passive head movements).
Before starting a relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles, especially in the case of a significant increase in the muscle tone of the upper shoulder girdle and neck, it is necessary to achieve relaxation of these muscles.
The position of the child on the back or half-sitting, the head hangs back a little:
a) with one hand to support the child's neck from behind, with the other to make circular movements of the head, first clockwise, then counterclockwise;
b) with slow, smooth movements, turn the child's head in one direction and the other, shake it forward (3-5 times).
Relaxation of the cervical muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue. Relaxation of the oral muscles is achieved by light stroking, patting the muscles of the face, lips, neck, tongue. Movements are carried out with two hands in the direction from the periphery to the center. Movements should be light, sliding, slightly pressing, but not stretching the skin. Each movement is repeated 5-8 times.
Relaxation of the facial muscles:
- stroking from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
- stroking from the eyebrows to the scalp;
- stroking from the forehead line around the eyes;
- stroking the eyebrows from the bridge of the nose to the sides to the edge of the hair, continuing the line of the eyebrows;
- stroking from the forehead line down through the entire face along the cheeks, chin and neck;
- stroking from the lower edge of the auricle (from the earlobes) along the cheeks to the wings of the nose;
- light pinching movements along the edge of the lower jaw;
- pressure massage of the face from the roots of the hair down.
Relaxation of the labial muscles:
- stroking the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
- stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
- stroking the upper lip (moving from top to bottom);
- stroking the lower lip (movement from bottom to top);
- stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
- acupressure of the lips (light rotational movements clockwise);
- light tapping of lips with fingers.
With asymmetry of the facial muscles, articulatory massage is carried out with hypercorrection of the affected side, that is, on it to carry out a greater number of massage movements.
2.Stimulating articulatory muscle massage.
It is carried out with muscle hypotension in order to strengthen muscle tone.
Techniques: Energetic and fast movements.
Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery. Strengthening of the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, rubbing, kneading, pinching, vibration. After 4-5 light movements, their strength increases. They become pressing, but not painful. The movements are repeated 8-10 times.
Strengthening the facial muscles:
- stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
- stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
- eyebrow stroking;
- stroking the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
- stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
- squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
- kneading the zygomatic and buccal muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and buccal muscles);
- rubbing of the buccal muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
- pinching of the cheeks.
Strengthening of the lip muscles:
- stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the corners;
- stroking from the middle of the lower lip to the corners;
- stroking the nasolabial folds from the corners of the lips to the wings of the nose;
- tingling of the lips;
- slight tingling of the lips.
3. Massage of the lingual muscles.
Perform massage lying down before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals for 5 minutes.
Gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the gum. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements, the child should be allowed to swallow saliva. Then the same massage is performed on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.
The palate is massaged with a finger along the midline, starting from the front with a slight elevation of the soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.
The tongue is massaged in the direction from front to back to the zone of manifestation of the gag reflex. In this case, stroking, light patting, vibration is carried out for 15 seconds.
Massage to relax the muscles of the tongue:
Acupressure in the region of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;
Vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).
Movements are used straight, spiral, circular, while holding the tongue with the fingers of one hand, and with the fingers of the other to perform massage movements. They should be directed to:
* From the middle of the tongue to its tip and back.
*From the center of the tongue to the left and right (“herringbone”),
*From the left edge of the tongue to the right and vice versa (across the tongue),
*Rolling the finger over the tongue in different directions,
*Pinch and stretch the edges of the tongue.
* Stroking the tongue from the hyoid frenulum to the tip of the tongue and back.
Work to overcome salivation.
1. Teach children to chew well - at first with their heads thrown back.
2. Learn to suck saliva and swallow saliva more often with one push,
especially before exercise.
3. Rotate the tongue in front of the mouth, then swallow the saliva.
Massage of the facial muscles for the development of speech (speech therapy massage)
All parents, without exception, are looking forward to when their beloved child will speak. You can help your baby start talking with a massage of the facial muscles. Such a massage can be selectively done from 2-3 months, and it is simply necessary for poorly speaking babies over 2 years old. Mom can do the massage herself.
Speech therapy massage begins with a general facial massage, then they move on to lip massage, and then they already carry out manipulations in the child's oral cavity. It should be borne in mind that not all children respond positively to manipulations in the mouth, since the mouth area is very sensitive. The child must receive in the process speech therapy massage only pleasant sensations. Otherwise, the tone and hypersensitivity of the oral region increases. Inept active actions can lead to the revival of the reflex sphere, in particular, biting or vomiting reflexes.
Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of mimic means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the normal nutrition of the child and the subsequent development of speech.
Facial massage is recommended daily for three minutes. This takes into account the general requirements for massage: the environment should be comfortable and hygienic. Massage is contraindicated in the presence of skin or somatic diseases.
In the process of conducting a massage, it is necessary to actively communicate with the child, play with him, sing songs to him, tell fairy tales and poems, you can accompany the massage with calm music.
Among the massage techniques, stroking and light vibration are the most acceptable, which help to relax the muscles. When stroking, the massaging hand glides over the skin without shifting it into folds. At first, superficial stroking is used, then deeper. It can be performed with palms, forceps-like fingers or the back surface of the fingers bent at right angles in the metacarpophalangeal joints.
Continuous vibration is performed by the terminal phalanges of the fingers, which are placed on the skin and produce a concussion with them - a movement reminiscent of sifting flour through a sieve.
Massage should be carried out at room temperature with clean warm hands, first stroking - four movements in each direction, then - similarly - continuous vibration and then stroking again.
When performing massage in the oral area, you can use the recommendations of M. Borkovskaya, G.Ya. Levina, E.F. Arkhipova. So, to reduce hypersensitivity before eating, you need to gently touch the shoulders, neck, forehead, cheeks of the child, gradually approaching the oral cavity.
Facial massage is carried out in the following areas:
from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
from the eyebrows to the scalp;
from the inner corner of the eye to the outer along the upper eyelid and in the opposite direction along the lower;
from the root of the nose to the temporal region;
From the corner of the mouth to the tragus of the auricle;
from the middle of the chin to the earlobe;
On the front surface of the neck - from the bottom up, on the sides - from the top down.
G.Ya. Levina proposes to carry out a special massage of the lower part of the face in the following sequence:
· simultaneous stroking massage of both cheeks from nose to ears with fingers 2,3,4,5 slightly spaced;
Easy rubbing of the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the mouth with the second fingers of both hands;
Stroking the chin from the middle to the earlobes with the second and third fingers of both hands;
massage of the circular muscle of the mouth: from the middle of the upper lip to the corners and further to the middle of the lower lip;
Separate stroking of the upper lip from the midline to the corners of the mouth, from the nose to the edge of the lower lip, from the midline to the corners of the mouth, from the chin to the edge;
Stroking the neck from the middle to the earlobes.
In the same sequence, the rubbing technique is used. With barely noticeable efforts, small circular movements of the fingers move in the same directions, then light tapping with the pads of 1,2,3,4 fingers of the entire lower part of the face and neck from the midline to the ears. In conclusion, a stroke is performed. The total massage time is 5 minutes.
To relax the muscles of the neck, the child's head is shaken. The speech therapist's right hand is placed under the child's head and with slow, smooth movements turns his head in one direction and the other, shaking forward. Relaxation of the cervical muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue.
After that, you can proceed to massage the area around the lips, keeping your mouth closed:
massage to relax the muscles of the lips;
stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
Stroking on the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the middle;
stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the middle;
patting lips;
lip vibration.
The gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the body. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements, the child should be allowed to swallow saliva. Then the same massage is performed on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.
The palate is massaged with a finger or a vibrating apparatus along the midline, starting from the front with a slight elevation of the soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.
The tongue is massaged in the direction from front to back to the zone of manifestation of the gag reflex. In this case, stroking, light patting, vibration is carried out for 15 seconds.
Acupressure vibration massage can be used. First, points are massaged to improve chewing (1.2), then swallowing (3.4)
M. Borkovskaya writes that these points can also be affected thermally - with heat or cold.
Massage to relax the muscles of the tongue:
acupressure in the area of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;
Vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).
Logopedic massage
Here is a simple version of the massage of the face and organs of articulation. It is parent-friendly and easy to make.
In what cases can these exercises be recommended?
1. At six to seven months, the baby did not babble
2. when pronouncing sounds, the child gives the impression that he does it with difficulty, he has an “awkward” tongue and “naughty” lips.
3. The child pronounces sounds easily, but they are fuzzy / "blurred"
4. The child has a search for articulation, he does not understand how to lay his tongue and lips to pronounce a sound / word / syllable.
It is also important to remember that the massage should please the child.
You need to start gradually, with exercises that are pleasant for the baby, and finish with them.
Increase the exercises gradually, skip those that the child categorically does not like.
Invite your child to do some of the exercises himself. Perhaps he will start with you or with a bear, and then he will do it on himself.
Massage of the face and organs of articulation
1. Facial muscle massage
To massage the muscles of the face, “chopping” and sliding (imitation of shaving) movements with the edge of the index finger, stroking, patting with the palms and fingertips are used. It is necessary to do the same number of movements, both clockwise and counterclockwise.
Exercise number 1. Activation of facial muscles. Rub each cheek in circles with a terry cloth mitt. The movements should be uniform and vigorous, start from the wings of the nose, moving up towards the temples, and from the temples down.
Exercise number 2. Patting your fingers on the face of the child "Fingers ran" Walk with quick energetic movements along the cheeks and lips of the child.
Exercise number 3. Patting the child's cheeks with your palms. The bases of the adult's hands are connected under the baby's chin, and his cheeks are covered with palms. Clap vigorously, but not very hard.
Exercise number 4. Pat the child's lips with index and middle fingers. At the same time, you need to say: “Mmmm…”
Exercise number 5. Call game.
It is pronounced in a singsong voice:
- “Wall, wall” (at the same time, you need to pat on the cheeks, as in exercise No. 3),
- "Ceiling" (touch the forehead),
- “Two steps” (with index and middle fingers, pat on the chin and upper lip),
- “And - a call: “Dzyyn!” (press the tip of the baby's nose with the index finger).
Exercise number 6. Sliding (shaving) movements with the side of the index finger from the temples to the baby's mouth.
Exercise number 7. Chopping movements with the edge of the index finger in the direction from the temples to the mouth.
Exercise number 8. Close the baby's mouth and hold the lower jaw. With the other hand, run from the chin down the neck. This teaches you to swallow saliva.
2. Massage of the mouth muscles and tongue of the child
(A massage toothbrush or an adult's finger wrapped in a bandage is used.)
1. Pat your fingertips around your mouth clockwise and counterclockwise.
2. Do the same more slowly, stopping and, as it were, “screwing inward” with each touch.
3. Massage the baby's upper labial muscles: pat with the tip or pad of the index finger from the nose to the upper lip.
4. Stroke the baby's muscles in the direction from the nose to the upper lip. Movement is performed by the edge of the index finger.
5. Press several times with springy movements of the index and thumb on the points in the corners of the mouth. Then bring the corners of the lips together, imitating their position when pronouncing the sound "U". Be sure to pronounce "U-u-u" at the same time.
6. Place your index finger under the lower lip and push it up until it meets the upper lip. Say "ba-ba-ba"
7. "Dumplings": close the baby's lips with the movements of the thumb and forefinger. These movements should resemble those that are made when sculpting pies or dumplings. Say "Mmm" while doing this.
8. Place a special massage brush or a finger wrapped in a bandage in the child's mouth, placing it on the inside of the cheek. Perform rotational movements, lifting the muscles up. Be sure to perform movements both to the right and to the left.
9. "Gray" from the inside the muscles of both cheeks. Index finger with a brush or bandage in the baby's mouth, thumb outside.
10. Use your finger to raise the tip of the child's tongue to the alveoli (tubercles behind the upper teeth), while saying "Yes-yes-yes", "Ta-ta-ta".
Tongue massage can be done with a special massage or toothbrush, clapping and stroking the center of the tongue from tip to root and back.
End of massage. Close the baby's mouth and with your index finger help keep the mouth closed, help swallow. Increase exercises gradually. Good luck. Write how it works.
Speech therapy massage for cerebral palsy
Infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) is a traumatic disease of the CNS as a result of a birth injury or an infectious disease of a pregnant woman, in which the movement functions (pathological tonic reflexes) and the speech of the child suffer. To restore impaired functions in children suffering from cerebral palsy, speech therapy massage, therapeutic exercises and other means are used.
Considering that already from the first days of life, under the influence of pathological tonic reflexes, a child develops pathological attitudes of the arms, legs, position of the trunk and head (torticollis), it is necessary to select an individual position of the body for each child, in which pathological tonic reflexes do not appear at all, or minimum. These positions of the torso, limbs, head are called the "reflex of the prohibiting positions", they must be given to the child before the start of speech therapy classes and in the process of doing gymnastics and speech therapy massage.
When conducting a massage for cerebral palsy and a gymnast, the choice of posture is of great importance.
Postures of speech therapy massage:
fetal position;
lying on his back, a roller is placed under the child’s neck, while the legs are bent at the knee joints;
lying on the back, the head is fixed with rollers;
on the side in the fetal position;
in the position on the stomach, a roller is placed under the child's chest.
When choosing a position, a speech therapy massage is performed (massage of mimic and chewing muscles, massage for cerebral palsy).
Speech therapy massage technique for face and neck massage
stroking (stroking) with the pads of two or three fingers from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
stroking from the eyebrows to the beginning of the scalp;
stroking on both sides of the nose (from top to bottom);
stroking from the middle of the chin to the earlobes;
stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the earlobes.
Each movement must be repeated 3-5 times. Perform during the day 3-5 times.
Massage technique for cerebral palsy - relaxation of the muscles of the tongue
impact on a point located in the submandibular fossa;
impact on the symmetrical points of the nasolabial fold;
impact on the symmetrical points of the zygomatic muscles;
impact on the symmetrical points of the submandibular muscles.
In combination with speech therapy massage, gymnastics is carried out. It is aimed at increasing the volume and strength of the respiratory muscles, depth, rhythm of breathing. A child older than five months can carry out the following gymnastic exercises:
Spread your arms to the sides, and when you return, press them to your chest;
raise your hands up, and when lowering - press them to your chest;
take your right hand to the side and at the same time turn your head, then
return to original position;
stretch the leg (s), then bend them at the knee and hip joints and bring them to the stomach;
starting position - lying on your stomach, raise your head and shoulders by your arms, and then lower your head and shoulders.
Repeat all exercises 3-5 times. Subsequently, the complex of gymnastic exercises for cerebral palsy is complicated and complemented by a number of exercises.
Goals and objectives of speech therapy massage and therapeutic exercises:
Normalization of tone and motility of the articulatory apparatus;
increase in strength and duration of exhalation;
development of hand manipulations;
development of rhythmic breathing and limb movements;
development of visual differentiated movements;
stimulation of kinesthetic movements (sensations) and development of finger touch;
development of emotional reactions;
development of hand movements with objects (toys).
Dear Parents! I want to offer speech therapy massage for your children.
It can be performed before speech therapy classes or in the morning when the child woke up.
To do it, guess the time when the child is in a good mood so that the baby is relaxed and does not experience negative emotions for a new type of exercise.
Massage will positively influence the development of sensitivity in your children, help strengthen the muscles of the lips and tongue.
SPEECH THERAPY MASSAGE
LIP MASSAGE
1. Put your index fingers at the wings of the nose and carry out stroking movements with pressure to the corners of the mouth, along the nasolabial folds. 8-10 times.
2. Put your index fingers in the middle of the upper lip and rub it to the corners of the mouth. 8-10 times.
3. Put your index fingers in the middle of the lower lip and rub it with pressure to the corners of the mouth. 8-10 times.
4. With the thumb and forefinger of the right hand, first pinch the upper lip from one corner of the mouth to the other, then the lower one. 8-10 times each lip.
5. With the index finger of the right hand, we tap over the upper lip and under the lower lip clockwise. Tapping should be active, the strength of the movements gradually increases.
6. Place the index fingers in the corners of the lips and collect the upper lip to the middle, then stretch the lips again, and then collect the lower lip in the same way. 8-10 times.
TONGUE MASSAGE
When performing an activating (firming) massage, you should pay attention to the following points:
1. Movements during firming massage are active, intense and directed mainly from the root of the tongue to the tip;
2. Mainly kneading and rubbing techniques are used;
3. As a rule, with a reduced tone of the muscles of the tongue, the gag reflex is also reduced, so massage movements in this case can be quite active even in the region of the root of the tongue;
4. With reduced muscle tone, as a rule, hypersalivation (increased salivation) is observed, therefore, before and during the massage, the adult offers the child to swallow saliva.
An activating massage may include the following movements.
1. Grinding in the horizontal direction. Thumb on top, middle and index finger on the bottom. Rubbing the muscles of the tongue from root to tip on one side of the tongue, then on the other.
2. The position of the fingers is the same. Grinding muscles of the tongue are spiral
mi movements, the force of pressure gradually increases. The movement is directed from the root to the tip of the tongue on one side, then on the other.
3. The position of the fingers is the same. Grinding of the muscles of the tongue in the transverse
direction on one side of the tongue, then on the other.
4. Thumb and index fingers are on the side surfaces
language. Squeeze the tongue from the side surfaces. Keep your tongue clenched
position 1 - 2 s, move the fingers a little and repeat the movement.
5. The position of the fingers is the same. With your right hand, squeeze the tongue from the side surfaces, and use the thumb and forefinger to carry out grinding movements, gradually moving from the root to the tip of the tongue.
6. Thumb and forefinger to carry out pinching movements along the edge of the tongue.
7. Patting the muscles of the tongue with a spatula (or corrugated surface
pens, toothbrushes).
8. Vibrate the tongue with a wooden spatula, which is applied to the tip of the tongue for 10-15 seconds. On the lower teeth of the child, so as not to injure the mucous membrane of the lower surface of the tongue, you can put a gauze roller.
Speech therapy massage to strengthen the facial muscles.
The nature of the massage movements should be of a pronounced tonic nature, the baby's skin may turn a little red, but do not overdo it smile
If the baby's skin is very dry, you can use a small amount of baby cream.
When massaging, you should follow some rules:
1. Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery.
2. Strengthening of the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, kneading, rubbing, vibration.
3. After 4-5 light movements, the strength increases, they become pressing, but not painful.
4. Movements are repeated 8-10 times.
Strengthening the facial muscles:
1. stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
2. stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
3. eyebrow stroking;
4. stroking the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
5. stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
6. squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
7. kneading the zygomatic and buccal muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and buccal muscles);
8. grinding of the buccal muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
9. pinching of the cheeks.
During the massage, you can pronounce verses to the beat of movements, for example, these:
“Mom washed the children’s foreheads,
Mom washed her forehead with soap.
Mom washed the children's cheeks,
Mom washed her cheeks with soap.
Mom soaped the children's nose,
Mom washed her nose with soap.
Mom washed the eyes of the children,
Mom washed her eyes with soap.
Mom washed the children's mouths,
Mom washed her mouth with soap.
Soap the chin for children,
And I haven't forgotten him."
Instead of the word “children”, you can say daughter, son, or the name of the child.
Today, unfortunately, many children suffer from speech deficiencies, some are even diagnosed with various disorders. Speech therapy massage for children accompanies not only the correct setting of sounds, but is also a powerful stimulant for the beginning of speaking babies. After all, the muscle tone of newborns affects future speech. Therefore, with the help of massage, facial muscles and tissues are relaxed, which forms the correct speech.
Benefit
Combining visits to a speech therapist and massage will be productive and beneficial.
The adjustment includes the following tasks:
- there is a correction of sounds that are difficult for the child, and therefore they do not correspond to the norm, this can be a replacement for hissing or letters L and R, G and D;
- bringing the indicators of speech breathing to the norm is necessary if the child’s pronunciation is formed incorrectly due to improper breathing;
- reduction of emotional overstrain;
- correction of stuttering, dysarthria, rhinolalia, voice disorders;
- an increase in facial muscle tone if the child makes little effort to pronounce sounds;
- reduction of increased salivation;
- work on the articulatory apparatus;
- strengthening the pharyngeal reflex when speaking and improving the condition of the voice - for medical reasons.
All this, with the right approach and systematization, leads to a qualitative result.
Indications for the procedure
- The first and most important indication if you take your child to a speech therapist - fixing the result. Speech therapy massage will speed up the process of pronunciation, this is important for children whose speech lags behind their peers.
- Weak or vice versa increased tone of the facial muscles.
- Stuttering - the child repeats syllables in a word or cannot pronounce the word to the end at all, fixating on one part. Often this affects children who are frightened, who have experienced a strong shock, or simply indecisive kids.
- Voice disturbance - the child gets tired of talking b, does it quietly and complains of pain and sore throat, a feeling of "coma" and heaviness when speaking.
- Dysarthria. Violation, rather, psychological than articulatory. Against the background of various mental disorders, the child cannot speak correctly.
- Increased salivation t It is also an indication for massage, it indicates weak muscles not only of the face, but also of the tongue.
- Children with cerebral palsy.
However, it is not always possible to do speech therapy massage.
It is contraindicated in skin diseases of the face, lips and oral cavity (rash, herpes, stomatitis, viral infections, gingivitis, throat diseases, inflammation of the lymph nodes, as well as conjunctivitis and boils).
All of them will bring pain and discomfort, due to which a child, even in a healthy state, may refuse to study.
Varieties
It is no secret that for the development of speech it is necessary to work not only with the speech apparatus, because in the human body everything is interconnected.
- Massage for the tongue. First you need to relax the jaw muscles, neck and shoulder, so that the root of the tongue relaxes. If touching the tongue causes spasm and a gag reflex, then the massage is limited only to the tip of the tongue in the baby's mouth, gradually increasing the distance and forcing the tongue to protrude longer.
- Lip massage. All movements are repeated at least 50 times and very gently.
- Neck massage. It is performed before meals or after passing from a meal for 2 hours.
- Ear massage. Stimulates the articulation apparatus.
- Hand massage. Each finger is responsible for a specific organ, so this massage is effective not only for speech. The thumb is the brain, the index finger is the stomach, the middle finger is the spine, the intestinal section, the ring finger is the liver, the little finger is the heart. It is better to start with finger massage, gradually increasing the area of manipulation.
- Spoon massage. Requires careful handling.
Conditions for holding
Ideally, speech therapy massage is prescribed by a specialist doctor. However, not everyone has the opportunity to visit it, so light exercises can be performed at home on your own. First you need to create favorable conditions - peace and quiet, so that the child is not distracted. The room should be bright and ventilated. The massager's hands are warm and clean.
The first lesson is no more than five minutes, the child should get used to the unusual procedure for him. The first time the massage should be no more than 10 minutes, after a week the time can be increased to 25-30 minutes. The time varies depending on age: the smallest children can withstand only 10 minutes, preschool children up to 15-20, but schoolchildren can fully endure 25 minutes.
Classes should be systematized, approximately 2-3 times a week, the smaller the gap between classes, the higher the efficiency. However, daily repetition can also lead to rejection.
For massage, you should purchase massage oil or plant oils, after checking them for an allergic reaction. To avoid infections, use gloves and a mask, this is especially important for babies. You may also need ammonia, in case of loss of consciousness, which happens extremely rarely.
Technique at home
Many believe that at home, the mother will not be able to cope with speech disorders. However, this is a big misconception. All speech therapists talk about the need to study at home, otherwise it is difficult to consolidate the result of each lesson.
It is better to start massaging from the entire face, which will relieve hypertonicity and general tension of the baby. Starting from the forehead, gradually stroking down to the chin. The movements are soft, from the center of the face to the edge, horizontally. Forehead - temples, eyebrows - hairline, eyelids, cheeks - from nose to ear, from lips to ear. You can repeat them 2-3 times.
If the child is unpleasant or he simply does not want to, then it is worth limiting himself to light strokes, gradually moving on to the complex.
Language
It is performed from the tip of the tongue to its root.
- Grabbing the end of the tongue, you need to move it up and down, left and right, back and forth.
- Stroking the tongue with the thumb, and you need to support it from below, movements are made from the center, in a circle or longitudinally.
- Stroking the top and bottom of the tongue with the thumb and middle finger.
- Creating vibration. Gently shake the tongue, lightly tap with your finger.
- Massage the frenulum of the tongue with up and down movements.
- Stroking the tongue with a cloth of different textures.
- We use a soft toothbrush, drawing along the tongue, draw out the letters.
Without preparation, these exercises are not so easy to do. Lots of instructional videos for tongue massage will help beginners.
Another important condition is that the child must control salivation, if it turns out badly, you can put a napkin under the tongue and change it as it gets wet.
Lips
This also includes the chin and nasolabial fold.
- Rubbing lips with fingers.
- With circular movements of the fingers we go from one corner to another.
- We massage both lips in opposite directions, the upper one to the left, the lower one to the right and change direction.
- Pinching of the lips and the area around.
- Pressing on the lips with circular motions.
- Light finger slaps.
This complex is repeated several times in one session.
Arms
The fingers and the entire surface of the palm are worked out separately. Fingers are massaged from tip to base. It is best to start with the little finger.
- Massaging fingers, pressing on the pads, increasing pressure.
- The poem “White-sided Magpie”, familiar from childhood, will help to work out the entire palm. Offer your child self-massage in verse.
- Draw a spiral on the palm with your finger, from the center to the edge.
- Stock up on a spiked rubber ball (su-jok) and drive it along the baby’s palm, invite him to roll it between his palms himself. You can also use a special brush "Hedgehog" to study the nerve endings.
- Pour grits of different sizes into a plate and dip your fingers into it.
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