Take a look around. How beautiful! Affectionate sun, blue sky, transparent air. Nature adorns our world, makes it more joyful. Have you ever wondered what nature is?
Nature is everything that surrounds us, but at the same time it is NOT created by human hands: forests and meadows, sun and clouds, rain and wind, rivers and lakes, mountains and plains, birds, fish, animals, even man himself belongs to nature.
Nature is divided into living and inanimate.
Live nature: animals (including animals, birds, fish, even worms and microbes), plants, mushrooms, humans.
Inanimate nature: sun, space objects, sand, soil, stones, wind, water.
Signs of wildlife:
All objects of wildlife:
Grow
- eat,
- breathe,
- give offspring,
and they are also born and die.
In inanimate nature, the opposite is true. Her objects are unable to grow, feed, breathe, or reproduce. Bodies of inanimate nature do not die, but are destroyed or pass into another state (example: ice melts and becomes liquid).
How to distinguish which nature this or that object belongs to?
Let's try together.
What nature is the sunflower part of? A sunflower is born - a sprout emerges from a seed. The sprout is growing. The roots extract nutrients from the ground, and the leaves take carbon dioxide from the air - the sunflower feeds. The plant breathes, absorbing oxygen from the air. A sunflower gives seeds (seeds), which means it multiplies. In the fall, he dries up - dies. Conclusion: the sunflower is a part of wildlife.
A person is born, grows, eats, breathes, has children, dies, which means that we can also be safely attributed to living nature. Man is part of nature.
The moon, the sun, a spring, stones do not grow, do not feed, do not breathe, do not give offspring, so these are bodies of inanimate nature.
Snowman, house, cars are made by human hands and do not belong to nature.
But there are also bodies of inanimate nature, which have individual characteristics of living organisms.
For example, crystals are born, grow, disintegrate (die).
A river is born from the melting of a glacier, it grows when small rivers flow into it, it dies, falling into the sea.
An iceberg is born, grows, moves, dies (melts in warm seas).
A volcano is born, grows, dies with the cessation of eruptions.
But they all DO NOT feed, DO NOT breathe, and DO NOT breed.
If you break a piece of chalk in half, you get 2 pieces of chalk. Chalk remained chalk. Chalk is a subject of inanimate nature. If you break a tree or divide a butterfly into parts, they will die, because a tree and a butterfly are objects of living nature.
In elementary school, difficulties arise in determining the belonging of an object not only to living and inanimate nature, but also to nature in general. Will you be able to complete the task correctly?
Find a group in which all objects belong to inanimate nature:
a) sun, water, earth, stones.
b) the moon, air, lunar rover, stars.
c) ice, earth, water, ship.
The correct answer is a). The lunar rover and the ship do not belong to inanimate nature, they do not belong to any nature, because they were created by human hands.
The connection between living and inanimate nature
Undoubtedly, animate and inanimate nature are related. Let's make sure together.
For example, the SUN: without heat and sunlight, neither man, nor plants, nor birds, nor even fish can live.
Let's continue. AIR. All living things breathe. And no one can live without him.
And finally, FOOD. A person eats various objects of wildlife: plants, mushrooms and products that he receives from animals.
On the other hand, living organisms also invariably affect objects of inanimate nature. Thus, microorganisms, fish and animals living in the water maintain its chemical composition; plants, dying and rotting, saturate the soil with microelements.
Based on our observations with you, we conclude that our whole life is closely connected with nature.
Man learns a lot from nature and even creates objects that look like natural objects. For example, observing a dragonfly, man created a helicopter, and birds inspired the creation of an airplane. Every house has an artificial sun - this is a lamp.
Conclusion
Nature is everything that surrounds us and is not made by human hands. Nature has two forms: wildlife and inanimate nature. Living and inanimate nature are closely related, because all living things breathe air, all living things drink water, a person cannot live without food, and animals and plants give us food. Nature is our home. A person must protect and protect him, wisely use natural resources.
If you look closely at our world, you can suddenly discover that we are everywhere surrounded by bodies of inanimate nature. First of all, these are the Sun, Moon, air, wind, mountains, ravines, water, rivers, lakes, forests, minerals, stones and even planets and galaxies.
These are objects of inanimate nature that are never born, do not feed, do not reproduce, and also do not die. Moreover, they are characterized by stability and relatively weak variability. If a living organism is born, lives and dies, then everything that belongs to inanimate nature practically does not change.
For example, mountains, once formed, remain unchanged for several millennia, and the planets, as they revolved around the Sun, will continue to revolve (unless, of course, some global cataclysm occurs). In addition, how exactly inanimate nature "lives" can be observed using the example of constantly changing water and seasons:
- In winter, water turns into snow, icicles and ice;
- In spring, ice crystals turn to water;
- In summer, it evaporates, transforming into steam - small water droplets rising into the air;
- In the fall, she returns to our world in the form of rain.
Inanimate nature is strongly associated with living nature and closely interacts with it. Inanimate nature forces living organisms to adapt to various conditions of the world around them (humidity, temperature, soil), since one of its signs is a combination of various substances and energy, for example:
- The sun is a source of heat and light for almost all living organisms - without them they simply cannot exist;
- If you block access to air or water to objects of wildlife, they will die;
- Both air and water must be clean, otherwise irreversible changes may well occur in a living organism.
On the other hand, representatives of the animal world also influence the inanimate elements of our planet with their vital activity (for example, plants and animals fertilize the soil in every possible way, cleanse the world around from various types of waste).
Concept classification
The very concept of "inanimate nature" is so extensive that one specific science is not able to study all its elements, therefore chemistry, physics, geology, astronomy and other disciplines are engaged in this.
At the same time, a clear definition for such a simple concept still does not exist, despite the fact that scientists nevertheless identified the characteristic features of it, and classified the inanimate nature itself as follows:
- Elementary particles;
- Atoms;
- Chemical elements;
- Heavenly bodies, stars;
- Galaxy;
- Universe.
Characteristic
One of the main features that distinguish the matter of inanimate nature is that its constituent elements, despite their apparent complexity, are arranged quite simply and have a solid form. Often this form can pass from one to another, some ions will replace others, but their essence will remain the same. For example, if we are talking about a crystal, its crystal lattice, in spite of everything, will remain the same:
- the crystal itself has a solid structure;
- if the temperature indicators of the world around it rise significantly (for example, under the action of a volcano), the solid will melt, and the molecules or ions that it contains will begin to move randomly, thereby creating Brownian motion;
- if the temperature does not stop increasing, then the liquid into which the crystal has transformed will boil and vapor (gas) will be released;
- Under favorable circumstances, under the influence of the outside world, the crystal is able to recover and acquire a modified, and in some cases, the original form.
When carbon is combined with some gases, for example, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, incredible effects are created that we feel on ourselves, and, not knowing how they were formed, we ask frequent questions - why does the wind blow in this world and of just such a force? why the sky is blue, how clouds appear, what is the water cycle in nature.
Unlike living organisms, one of the signs of inanimate nature is that it is not able to reproduce its own kind, that is, it does not produce offspring. At the same time, once it has appeared in the world, inanimate matter almost never disappears or dies - except that under the influence of time, a transition to another state is possible. For example, a stone after a certain period (here a lot depends on its constituent elements) may well turn into dust, but, having changed, and even disintegrated, it will not cease to exist.
Everything that belongs to inanimate nature does not grow. Despite the fact that some of its objects change outwardly (for example, crystals of quartz or salt) and seem to increase in size, in fact they do not grow. At least, as it is done by living organisms that take food inside and, digesting it, form their body. As for crystals, they grow only due to other crystals attached to them.
Objects related to the world of inanimate nature have another characteristic feature - they do not need food, they never feel thirsty, they do not breathe.
Inanimate nature reacts passively to everything - for example, if you push a stone, it will simply fly off by inertia in a given direction, fall, maybe it will roll somewhere, but in the end it will stop and remain lying until the next impact.
Or, despite the fact that the water in the rivers is moving, it does this due to the fact that the elements of which it consists are extremely weakly connected to each other, trying to occupy the lowest place, thus forming a current.
site: the most interesting about inanimate nature
On our site, you can definitely get to know the inanimate nature better and learn more about such seemingly elementary things as the water cycle in nature, where the clouds come from, why the wind blows, a tornado is formed and other interesting facts from the life of our planet.
Nature is the whole world around us, living and inanimate objects pleasing to the eye. She has always attracted human attention to herself, fascinated and amazed with her laws. Thanks to the research of nature, people received a lot of useful knowledge, which they still use today. Humanity has made many discoveries related to natural phenomena. The conditional division shows that there is living and inanimate nature.
Living nature unites in itself all the objects of the planet that develop, breathe, grow. It includes plants, animals and people, numerous microorganisms that live around. Wildlife brings bright colors to the world, making it more interesting and mysterious. It unites all living objects of different species, genera and ecosystems inherent in a certain territory at a certain time and conditions.
Wildlife objects
The variety of living nature cannot be described in simple words; its objects include:
The main property of all living organisms can be considered the presence of life. There is no exact definition of this term, but life can be represented as a set of natural processes occurring in any organism, such as: metabolism, growth, instincts and reactions to nature around.
The variety of living organisms on the planet is amazing. Each of the species exists now only because it went through natural selection in the process of evolution, was able to survive and adapt to aggressive environmental conditions. The history of the Earth shows that there have been many cataclysms, leading to the extinction of entire species, for example, dinosaurs. At the same time, not all reptiles died out - many have adapted and modified.
Life can be found in every corner of the planet, but humanity is of the greatest interest. People have learned to think, they have their own consciousness, but no one still can say with 100% certainty that they know everything about their body. The human body is a separate topic for study. Such a complex system requires a thorough study, which is what millions of scientists around the world are doing.
Components of nature - earth, subsoil, soil, surface water, groundwater, atmospheric air, flora, fauna and other organisms, as well as the ozone layer of the atmosphere and near-earth space, which together provide favorable conditions for the existence of life on Earth.
Look around. Maybe you will see walls, windows, chairs, tables and other objects. You may see some devices, cars or appliances. Maybe there will be other people, animals or plants nearby. Which of all this is alive? Most likely, one glance is enough for you to understand whether it is a living being or not. For example, the dog is alive, but the book is not.
However, how exactly do you know what is alive and what is not? The giant panda you see is just a picture, but one glance at a real, not drawn panda is enough to know that it is alive. And why?
All living things are called organisms. We find out whether it is a living organism or not, by its characteristic features.
Signs of a living organism:
- The body grows and goes through certain stages in its development, usually changing shape and increasing.
- Life processes take place inside the body, in which some chemicals are converted into others.
- To grow, the body needs nutrients and energy to support life.
- The organism reproduces, that is, reproduces its own kind.
Representatives of wildlife: 1. Amoeba, 2. Ladybug, 3. Sequoia, 4. Dinosaur
Living things come in all shapes and sizes. Some are small that they can only be seen with a microscope, for example, an amoeba in a drop of water. Others, such as the ladybug, can be clearly seen through a simple magnifying glass. Plants such as sequoia grow to colossal sizes. Animals like dinosaurs lived in prehistoric times and long ago from the face of the earth. We humans also belong to living beings.
Live nature
Live nature- a set of living organisms. The main property of living nature is the ability to carry genetic information, reproduce and transmit hereditary traits to offspring. Wildlife is divided into five kingdoms: viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. Wildlife organizes into ecosystems, which in turn make up the biosphere.
Inanimate nature
Inanimate nature presented in the form of matter and field, which have energy. It is organized into several levels: elementary particles, atoms, chemical elements, celestial bodies, stars, the galaxy and the Universe. A substance can be in one of several states of aggregation (for example, gas, liquid, solid, plasma).
There are millions of living organisms on Earth. Some are giants, such as blue whales and redwoods, while others are tiny, such as insects and bacteria. All of them need food and shelter, which they receive in natural conditions.
Everything that surrounds us and is not created with the participation of man is called nature. So, the surrounding forests, mountains, seas, stars - this is nature. And houses, books, cars, spaceships do not belong to nature.
In nature, living and inanimate objects are distinguished. It is customary to refer to living things that are capable of independently living, developing, growing, eating, and multiplying. These are plants, animals, and, of course, man himself.
Signs of wildlife objects
The main features of living nature objects include the ability of an organism to perform the following life cycle:
- Birth, growth and development. So, a whole tree grows from a seed, a baby becomes an adult.
- Reproduction. Objects of living nature are capable of producing their own kind.
- Nutrition. All living things need food: plants ask for water, animals feed on grass, plants or other animals.
- Breath. All living organisms have respiratory organs: in humans and many animals, these are lungs, in fish - gills, in plants - cells that absorb carbon dioxide.
- Traffic. Unlike most objects of inanimate nature, living organisms move: animals and humans move on their feet, paws, plants turn after the sun, bloom flowers.
- Dying is the final cycle of an organism's life. After an object of living nature ceases to absorb food, breathe and move, it dies and goes into the category of objects of inanimate nature. So, a tree is an object of living nature, but a felled trunk already belongs to inanimate nature.
All these abilities are inherent only in living organisms. That is, those objects that grow, reproduce, feed, breathe and are classified as objects of living nature.
Unlike objects of living nature, inanimate are incapable of such actions. For example, a ray of the Sun, the Moon, a comet, sand, stone, rock, water, snow - these are objects of inanimate nature. Despite the fact that many of them are able to move (for example, water in a river), others grow (for example, mountains), these objects do not reproduce, do not feed, they do not have respiratory organs.
But plants that do not move, are capable of feeding and breathing, and therefore belong to living nature.
Wildlife objects: examples
In biology, the following types of wildlife objects are distinguished:
Microorganisms Are the oldest forms of life on our planet. The first microorganisms appeared billions of years ago. Microorganisms live there. Where there is water. Their main feature is their incredible vitality, since microorganisms survive in almost any conditions. They are classified as objects of living nature because they consume food (water and nutrients) and can multiply and grow. And they die over time.
Microorganisms include various types of bacteria, viruses, fungi.
Plants. The world of flora on earth is unusually large and multifaceted. From unicellular algae such as ciliate shoes or amoeba to giant cedars or baobabs, all plants belong to wildlife. First, they are able to grow and reproduce. Secondly, all plants need nutrition, some of which are obtained from water, some from the soil. Thirdly, plants move: unfold and fold leaves, shed leaves and flowers, dissolve buds, turn to follow the sun. Fourth, plants breathe by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.
However, it is worth remembering that after dying, plants pass into the class of objects of inanimate nature.
Animals- another type of wildlife, the most numerous, since it includes the most diverse species: mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, insects. Representatives of the fauna are also capable of reproduction, they breathe and feed, move and grow, adapting to environmental conditions.
Human- the highest stage of development of a living organism. All the abilities of an object of living nature are inherent in a person: a person is born, grows, produces his own kind, eats, breathes and, in the end, dies.
Interaction of animate and inanimate nature
All objects of animate and inanimate nature are closely related and influence each other. So, the Sun is an object of inanimate nature. But life cannot exist without its warmth and energy. The same can be said about water, which served as the source of the origin of life on our planet.
All living organisms breathe. Therefore, for their survival, they need air, which is an object of inanimate nature.
With the help of the stars and the Sun, birds navigate in flight, a person with their help determines the cycles for growing plants
In turn, living nature also influences objects of inanimate nature. So, building cities, a person drains swamps and destroys mountains, plants, releasing oxygen, change the structure of the air, some species of animals dig holes, choosing an object of inanimate nature for their dwelling - soil.
It should be remembered that inanimate nature is primary, basic. We draw everything we need from inanimate nature, from there we get water, air, heat and energy, without which life is impossible.
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