Verb to have one of the most commonly used verbs in the English language, it has separate forms for the 1st and 3rd person singular – have And has, in the plural has one form for all persons – have. Verb to have, in English, can be used as . It can also be used in expressions to denote action. More about .
The verb to have as an auxiliary verb
1. Verb to have used to form all tense groups in combination with Participle II. Verb to have carries the meaning of a completed action.
Examples: I have read a lot of books. – I read a lot of books.
I had been a teacher for several years. – I was a teacher for several years.
The verb to have as a semantic verb
2. Verb to have corresponds to the Russian verb have, possess, i.e. the verb is translated, which means it has meaning. To express the interrogative and negative form, it is used.
Examples: I have many beautiful dresses. – I (she has) a lot of beautiful dresses.
He has an expensive car. - He (he has) an expensive car.
I don't have many beautiful dresses. – I don’t have many beautiful dresses.
Do you have an expensive car? – Do you have an expensive car?
The verb to have as a modal verb
3. Verb to have used in combination with an infinitive with a particle to to express the need to perform an action due to certain circumstances. The negative and interrogative forms are formed using the verb to do. In Russian in the present tense verb have to translated as must, must, must, have to.
Examples: My sister is little and I have to help her with her home task. – My sister is little and I have to help her with her homework.
Why do you have to help your sister with her home task? -Why do you have to help your sister with her homework?
4. In colloquial speech instead have to sometimes the construction have got to is used. Also in oral speech the abbreviated form of the verb is used have ='ve
Examples: I 've got to phone her back. = I 've to phone her back. - I have to call her back.
If you immediately understand the forms of this verb, then use of have has in English will seem very simple. Just remember the verb to be– he has three forms in the present tense. And to have- only two. This is already pleasing, isn’t it? And if you also correlate the rules of the simple present tense and the form of the verb “to have,” then everything generally falls into place!
Using have has in English
So what's special about use of have has in English? First, it is important to pay attention to which subject is in your sentence. It is from this moment that it depends which form of the verb needs to be used. According to grammatical rules, has only friends with he, she, it; A have- with all other persons and numbers.
Secondly, do not forget that in addition to statements, there are also questions with denials. Today it is acceptable to simply add in negation not to the corresponding verb form to have, and for a question, put the same form in front of the subject who has something in your sentence. You can also ask for help from do And does. For negatives with he, she, it will do doesn't, and for everyone else - don't. In the question, take out do or does(For he, she, it) in front of the subject.
In other words, using have has in English it is practically no different from other verbs in the present tense. It is only important to remember that there is a form has.
Using have in English with examples
Like all other rules, use of have in English It's better to remember with examples. This is what we will do right now!
|
example |
translation |
|
(+) We have two cars in the garage. |
We have two cars in the garage. |
|
(-) We haven't two cars in the garage. We don't have two cars in the garage. |
We don't have two cars in the garage. |
|
(?) Have you a car in the garage? Do you have a car in the garage? |
Do you have a car in the garage? |
|
(+) He has five dogs at home. |
He has five dogs at home. |
|
(-) He hasn't dogs at home. He doesn't have dogs at home. |
He doesn't have dogs at home. |
- Verb to have (to have something) in English
- Rules of use, affirmative and negative forms of the verb
- Example sentences with the verb to have (has)
The verb ‘to have’ or ‘ ’ is one of the most widely used verbs in the English language: there are many phrases based on this verb. Let's look at the main forms of to have in the present tense, cases of its use and the most common phrases with it.
Present tense forms of the verbto have/ have got
| Affirmative form | Negative form |
|---|---|
| I have = I have got = I"ve got I have Do you have He has = He has got = He"s got He has She has = She has got = She"s got She has It has = It has got = It"s got It has/He has We have = We have got = We"ve got We have You have = You have got = You"ve got You have They have = They have got = They"ve got They have | I don"t have = I haven"t got I have no You do not have He doesn't have = He hasn't got He doesn't have She doesn't have = She hasn't got She does not have It doesn't have = It hasn't got It doesn't have/It doesn't have We don"t have = We haven"t got We do not have You don"t have = You haven"t got You do not have They don"t have = They haven"t got They dont have |
Question form and short answers: Do you (him, her, them, us, etc.) have it? Not really
| Question withhave | Answer + (Positive) | Answer - (Negative) | Question withhave got | Answer + (Positive) | Answer - (Negative) |
| No, they haven't |
Uses of the verbto have/ have got:
Case 1. To indicate ownership
I've got a car.
I have a car.
She has a house.
She has a house.
They haven't got a job.
They don't have a job.
Case 2. To denote relationships between people:
She's got two sisters.
She has 2 sisters.
Do you have a brother or a sister?
Do you have Brother or sister?
Set phrases with a verbto have(but NOT withhave got)
| something to eat | breakfast have a cup of coffee have a snack |
|
| to take a bath take a shower swim take a break rest have a party to go on holiday |
||
| To get into an accident have experience |
||
| chat talk |
||
| have difficulties have fun a good time |
Verb have/has and verb have got/has got translated into Russian as having or possessing. Often these verbs are used interchangeably. But there are cases in which replacing the “shade” and grammatical aspect is simply not possible. It is these cases that we will consider in this article and fully understand the issue of using the verb have got and has got.
In what cases do have/has and have got/has got replace each other?
1. When it comes to something belonging to someone.
I have (have got) an interesting book.I have an interesting book.
He has (has got) a work. He has a job.
She has (has got) a lot of money.She has a lot of money.
2. When we describe appearance.
She has (has got) blue eyes. She has blue eyes.
I have (have got) slim body. I have a slim body.
3. When the conversation is about relationships and family.
We have (have got) a friendly family.We have a friendly family.
I have (have got) a sister. I have a sister.
4. When the topic of diseases came up.
He has (has got) a back pain. His back hurts.
I have (have got) a toothache.I have a toothache.
In what cases can you use only have/has?
When the action takes place in the Present Continuous. The verb have got/has got cannot be used in this tense.
I am having a swim now. I'm swimming now.
They are having watch TV at the moment.They are watching TV at the moment.
Using a verb in the past tense
In the past tense, the verbs have/has, have got/has got are replaced by the verb had.
He has (has got) an apple. He has an apple. In present time.
He had an apple. He had an apple. In the past time.
How are verb abbreviations written in affirmation and negation?
The verbs have/has have no contractions. Have got/Has got, on the contrary, they are very often used in abbreviated form. In the table below you can see their abbreviations in detail.
|
Statement |
Negative Sentence |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I we you they |
have | have got 've got |
I we you they |
don't have don't have |
have not got haven't got |
| he she it |
has | has got 's got |
he she it |
does not have doesn't have |
has not got hasn't got |
Questions and answers with verbs have/has, have got/has got
Remember the golden rule: if the question begins with have/has, then got is needed, if got is not used, then the question begins with the auxiliary verb do, does.
Have you a book? Do you have a book? It's wrong to say that.
Have you got a book? Do you have a book? Right!
Do you have a book? Do you have a book? Right!
| have | have got | ||||||
| Do | I we you they |
have? | Yes, I do No, I don't |
Have | I we you they |
got? | Yes, I have No, I haven't |
| Does | he she it |
Yes, she does No, she doesn't |
Has | he she it |
Yes, she has No, she has not |
||
Today we will talk about different forms and functions of one strong English verb have (having). The rule for the formation and use of this verb is quite extensive, but at the same time simple. Once you carefully study the information, you will no longer have problems using it. The whole essence of the verb lies in its versatility. We will try to review each of the functions as easily as possible.
general characteristics
While studying English, we come across different variants of the verb that interests us: had, has, have, having. The rules for using each of these forms are quite precise, so it is difficult to confuse them if you carefully study all the information. To begin with, we note that this verb can perform the following functions:
- A semantic verb, which in translation means “to have”. He has a big house. He has a big house. It should be added that the translation into Russian may differ, since the option sounds more literary: He has a big house.
- An auxiliary verb that serves to form different tense forms. In this case it is not translated. She has done it already. She's already done it. They are having dinner now. We are having lunch now.
- Modal verb expressing obligation. He has to visit a doctor. He is forced to go to the doctor.
Depending on what function the verb performs, the form of the verb and how it behaves when forming interrogative and negative sentences are determined.
British and American versions
One of the simplest uses of this verb is its use as a semantic one. In this case we will be dealing with forms have And has, have got And has got. The rule for their application is quite simple:
- In British English, the simple form "have" is used to express one-time possession of something. He has a nice toy. He has a beautiful toy. This means that he now has a toy in his hands.
- When expressing possession of something on a permanent basis, the form with got. He has got a nice toy. In this case, the translation will sound unchanged: “ He has a beautiful toy”, but it is implied that this thing belongs to him permanently.
As we can see, the type of form does not critically affect the translation of sentences, so you can safely use any of them. The main thing is not to confuse how to form other types of sentences using these forms. When forming interrogative sentences, verbs behave as follows:
- In the British version, this verb is perceived as strong, so it does not need any help when asking a question. Has he (got) a dog? He has a dog?
- In the American version, the verb is used in pairs with auxiliary verbs do/does. Do you have a dog? You have a dog?
Which option you choose depends on your preference and where you live. It is recommended to communicate in the dialect of the language spoken in the area.
Features of forms in the present tense
It doesn't matter which form you choose: has or has got/have got, the rule of forming forms for different persons and numbers must be observed in any case. So, in the present tense this verb has the forms:
The same forms are used to form negative sentences.
- He has not (hasn’t) any enemies.
- He does not (doesn’t) have any enemies.
Past tense
Separately, it is necessary to note the past tense forms for the verb have (having). The rule of application is the same as in the present tense, that is, it is possible to use the British or American style. In this tense the verb has only one form - had, so you don’t need to choose, but when forming questions and negatives, you still have to think a little. For example, a sentence: He had a big pie. He had a big pie.
- British version: Had he a big pie? Did he have a big pie?
- American version: Did he have a big pie? Did he have a big pie?
So, you just need to choose what style you are going to communicate in and stick with that style throughout the conversation.
Have/having: rule of education
A very important function that this verb performs is the formation of different tense forms. This refers to the formation of such verb variants as have done/has done or have been, has been. The rule for the formation of tense formulas in which our verb is involved is:
Present perfect tense | have/has + Participle II | He has left the city. He left the city. |
Past perfect tense | had + Participle II | They had done it by that time. By then they had done it. |
Future perfect tense | will have + Participle II | I will have finished the work by the end of the week. I'll finish work by the end of the week. |
Present continuous perfect tense | have/has been + Participle I | She has been working. She works. |
Past continuous perfect tense | had been + Participle I | He had been reading. He read. |
Future continuous perfect tense | will have been + Participle I | We will have been sitting. We will sit. |
Present and past tense verb have perceived as a strong auxiliary, used to pose questions and negations to a sentence.
- Has he left the city?
- They hadn't done it yet.
- Have you been reading?
In the future tense, this function is taken over by the verb will.
- Will you have finished the work by the end of the week?
- We will not have been sitting.
Modal verb have to
The rule for using this verb as a modal says that it is applicable as an expression of obligation, and the subject himself does not realize the need to perform an action, but this is caused by some circumstances. It is this connotation of compulsion that has made this form more commonly used lately. Translated into Russian, such a verb means “necessary, forced, must, had to,” etc.
- He has to do it at once. He is forced to do it right away.
A distinctive feature of the modal form is that when forming a sentence, a particle is always paired with a verb to, which is placed before the infinitive of the main semantic verb expressing the action itself.
- She has to leave now. She must leave now.
Also, when constructing an interrogative or negative sentence, the help of verbs is always used do/does.
- Do they have to buy it? Should they buy it?
- You don't have to read this book. You don't have to read this book.
Note that the forms of the modal verb are absolutely identical to the forms of the simple semantic “to have”.
In the past and future tenses, the same forms are used for all persons and numbers had to And will have to.
Phraseologisms
In the end, I would like to remind you that in combination with some words, our verb can lose its direct meaning and be translated completely differently. Most often in such cases, when asking questions and negatives, an auxiliary verb is used do/does/did.
- She has lunch at 1. She has lunch at 1.
- We had a talk after dinner. After dinner we talked.
- Did you have a bath? Have you already shopped?
- I didn't have a smoke yet. I haven't smoked yet.
As can be seen from the information presented, the use and interpretation of the verb will not cause difficulties if you carefully study all the rules. And, of course, we must not forget about practical training.
Loading...
