All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, VTsIOM(until 1992 - All-Union) is the oldest Russian research organization that regularly conducts sociological and marketing research based on public opinion polls. One of the largest Russian companies in this market. Created in 1987. 100% of the company's shares are owned by the state.
Description
The oldest sociological company in the post-Soviet space (founded in 1987 by a resolution of the Presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the USSR State Committee for Labor as the All-Union Center for the Study of Public Opinion, c - All-Russian). VTsIOM conducts marketing, social and political research of the full cycle - from the development of concepts and tools to the preparation of analytical reports and presentation of results.
Research is carried out both at the regional and federal level, as well as abroad. There are partnerships and research is being conducted both in the post-Soviet space and in the EU countries, in Japan, China, etc. Among the partners and customers of the Center's research are leading Russian and foreign companies, universities, government institutions: International Committee of the Red Cross , United Nations Development Program, Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation, Kommersant Publishing House, Reuters, NATO (NATO Office in Moscow), US State Department, NRU-HSE, RSSU, Rosneft, RUSAL, Samsung, Intel, etc.
VTsIOM is a member of a number of international professional networks (Intersearch, Eurasian Monitor, etc.) and in its research is guided by ESOMAR standards and norms.
VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution, publishes its own scientific journal (""), manages the work of its own department at the Higher School of Economics and the research center at the RSSU, and also regularly holds meetings of its own Scientific and Expert Council, which includes the country's leading sociologists.
VTsIOM was a federal state unitary enterprise, in 2003 it was corporatized. However, 100% of the company's shares are owned by the state.
Structure and employees
The central office of VTsIOM is located in Moscow. Branches of the company operate in all 7 federal districts of the country. More than 70 specialists in the field of sociology, marketing, political science, finance, psychology, statistics work in the Moscow office of the company. The Center is headed by Valery Fedorov. Since 2011, Yury Voitsekhovsky has been the Chairman of the Board of Directors.
Among the company's employees are doctors and candidates of sciences, graduates of leading Russian and foreign universities (Moscow and St. Petersburg State Universities, Vienna and Moscow Diplomatic Academies, Higher School of Economics, etc.). Our own network of interviewers numbers about 5,000 people. The leading departments of the company include:
- Development Directorate
- Communications Directorate
- Department of Social and Political Research
- Department of Political Studies
- Social Research Department
- Office of Research for Business
Research by VTsIOM
At the regional and federal levels, in the post-Soviet space and in the “far abroad” countries, VTsIOM conducts research in 3 main areas:
- politics (electoral research, monitoring of satisfaction with the authorities),
- social sphere (education, medicine, family, housing and communal services, fight against corruption),
- business (finance and insurance, real estate market, development of trade and corporate brands, development of corporate reputation, examination of trademarks, information technology market, media measurement, sports industry, automotive market), etc.
VTsIOM regularly acts as a coordinator and executor of international research projects for foreign and Russian customers - both in Russia and abroad, including UNDP, US State Department, NATO, etc. Since 2004, the Center has been actively involved in building a system of regular sociological research in the post-Soviet space (within the framework of the agency "Eurasian Monitor", one of the founders of which is VTsIOM - along with the sociological services of other former republics of the Soviet Union).
The work uses a wide range of research techniques (personal interviews, focus groups, mystery shopping, hall tests, exit polls, expert polls, telephone interviews, etc.). Information processing methods include both descriptive and inferior statistical analysis, special sampling programs, etc. Population polls are conducted weekly based on an all-Russian representative sample (1600 people in 140 settlements in 42 regions of Russia).
Some VTsIOM projects over the past 5 years
Scientific and teaching activities
VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution. In addition, the Center has a scientific expert council, which includes well-known Russian sociologists, political scientists, philosophers and historians. Since 1993, VTsIOM has been publishing its own scientific journal, Monitoring Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes. The journal is published 6 times a year and has been in the public domain since 2009 (both archive and fresh issues). The editorial board of Monitoring (completely renewed in 2003) includes leading Russian sociologists (employees of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, RSSU, SU-HSE, GfK-Rus, etc.).
The Department of VTsIOM has been operating at the Sociological Faculty of the Higher School of Economics (since 2008), and the Research Center of VTsIOM has been operating at the RSSU (since 2008). VTsIOM conducts competitions of scientific works among young scientists - sociologists. Pays scholarships to the most talented sociology students.
The Center regularly publishes copyright and collective monographs on the state of public opinion in Russia. Among the latter: "From Yeltsin to Putin: Three Epochs in the Historical Consciousness of Russians" (2007), "Political Russia: An Election Guide 2007", "Political Dictionary of Our Time" (2006), "Russia at the Crossroads of a Second Term" (2005) ... VTsIOM employees regularly deliver reports at Russian and foreign scientific conferences and round tables.
The VTsIOM team maintains an archive in which public opinion research has been presented since 1992. Thus, the ARCHIVARIUS database of VTsIOM contains the results of Express public opinion polls from 1992 to the present, and the extended thematic archive contains functions of in-depth search in the Center's archive.
History
Birth. The first institute for the study of public opinion in Russia. 1987 year
The resolution on the creation of VTsIOM (then still "all-Union") was adopted at the July 1987 meeting of the Central Committee of the CPSU. The founders were the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the USSR State Committee for Labor. The first head of the center was Tatiana Zaslavskaya, an academician. Her deputy is Boris Grushin. According to Zaslavskaya, the Institute for Demoscopy in Germany, headed by E. Noel-Neumann, was a model for her in creating the center. In -1988, thanks to the organizational efforts of Grushin, a network of sociological centers was deployed in the republics of the USSR and regions of Russia. This made it possible in November 1988 to conduct the first mass polls on representative samples of the country's adult population; a year later, studies were carried out on a systematic basis. In August 1989, Boris Grushin left VTsIOM and organized his own organization for the study of public opinion "Glas Naroda".
At the same time, VTsIOM, which appeared at the dawn of perestroika, according to the precise definition of Alexei Levinson, "Played the role of a mother swarm, from which emerging families, new agencies for the study of public opinion and the market were separated." So, in August 1989, Boris Grushin left VTsIOM and organized his own organization for the study of public opinion "Glas Naroda". In 1991, on the basis of the VTsIOM team, one of the leading marketing services of modern Russia, the KOMKON company, was founded. In 1992, FOM separated from VTsIOM, initially created as a subdivision of the center to raise funds from charitable organizations, and in 2003 VTsIOM-A was created, later renamed Levada Center.
2003 year. Conflict
Since its inception, VTsIOM has been a state sociological company. So, in 1987 the founders of the Center were the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the USSR State Committee for Labor opinions ". As before, the state remained the 100% owner of the organization. The board of directors of the company, consisting of representatives of the shareholder - the state, decided to replace the head of the Center (Yuri Levada), who headed the company in 1992-2003. In his place was appointed a young political scientist Valery Fedorov. The complaints against Levada, according to the new leader, were: "stagnation in the scientific field" and the fact that under him were "undeservedly forgotten" studies of "the social situation in the country, the problem of poverty, unemployment, employment, the labor market, emigration." One of the main tasks of Valery Fedorov as director, in his own words, was to preserve the research team of VTsIOM:
“He [Levada] wants to present his own removal as the destruction of a leading sociological center in Russia. I can assure you that such destruction will not occur. Unfortunately, Yuri Alexandrovich is trying to present his dismissal as a massive exodus from VTsIOM. We, of course, will not allow this. " .
Further history (2003-present)
VTsIOM continued to conduct research programs started by the previous team and to publish the journal “Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes” (the former editorial team continued to work in the newly created journal “Public Opinion Bulletin” since 2003).
The priority area of VTsIOM research today is the political moods of the population, attitudes towards the authorities at all levels, their decisions, initiatives and programs. In addition to the authorities, VTsIOM continues to carry out research commissioned by the largest Russian commercial companies and public associations. New areas of research also appeared, in particular, the company began to pay more attention to the social situation in the country, as well as marketing and international research.
So, since 2003, VTsIOM has been conducting weekly construction of indices of social well-being. The empirical basis for calculating the indices underlying the time series is the data of weekly express polls conducted by VTsIOM on a representative all-Russian sample (taking into account quotas by sex, age, education and territorial zoning of the State Statistics Committee) in 42 regions, territories and republics of Russia in 140 settlements (number of respondents 1600 people).
Since 2003, research in the post-Soviet space has also become more important. In 2003 the company became one of the founders of the research agency "Eurasian Monitor" and by 2009 conducts regular surveys of the population in 14 states of the former USSR.
In July 2016, VTsIOM agreed with the British holding WPP to purchase TNS Russia, a company that measures TV audiences in Russia to calculate the cost of advertising. Talks about the sale were started at the end of June 2016, after the State Duma adopted a ban on foreign companies to engage in telemetry in Russia if the share of foreign participation is more than 20%.
Criticism
The company is sometimes accused by those who are the object of its research. Thus, the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Gennady Zyuganov, criticizes the objectivity and correctness of the Center's research: "I believe that this is an unfair study," said the Chairman of the Communist Party Central Committee G. A. Zyuganov, assessing, at the request of the media, the published results of the VTsIOM study on the problem of V. I. Lenin (according to this study, the Russians are in favor of reburial of Lenin's body in the cemetery).
VTsIOM often makes calls to the home phones of citizens without their prior consent, and they can call at late hours of the day, and on weekends and holidays.
The trial between "The New Times" and VTsIOM
VTsIOM is also accused of "special" relations with the Kremlin. For example, Natalia Morar, one of the authors of The New Times magazine, in the fall of 2007, published a series of materials on the corruption of VTsIOM and the manipulations used in the center's research to please the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. In December 2007, it became known that Natalia Morar was banned from entering the territory of Russia. VTsIOM also filed a lawsuit against The New Times magazine, and after a ten-month review in September 2008, the Moscow Arbitration Court ruled that the information published that the center had “special commercial relations” with the Kremlin was “untrue” and ordered the magazine publish a refutation and pay a fine of 10,000 rubles, and the journalist who wrote the articles was ordered by the court to pay a fine of 100 rubles.
However, with regard to the accusations that "when conducting polls, sociologists from VTsIOM, on instructions from various parties, use so-called formative questions, that is, questions that lead to strictly definite answers," the court refused to satisfy VTsIOM's claims. The court decided: “The applicant's argument that the polls conducted by VTsIOM were not of a formative nature is unfounded”, and “the press release of VTsIOM No. 771 dated September 18, 2007, to which there is a reference in the statement of claim, testifies to the opposite,” the resolution says. Of the Moscow Arbitration Court. The judgment in this regard was contested by the applicant and the investigation is ongoing.
However, in August 2013, the director of VTsIOM, Valery Fedorov, noted that the main customer of VTsIOM is the Kremlin and the United Russia party, and that the results of polls carried out on their orders can be published only after the customer's permission.
The All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, VTsIOM (until 1992 - the All-Union) is the oldest Russian research organization that regularly conducts sociological and marketing research based on public opinion polls. One of the largest Russian companies in this market. Created in 1987.
"Description"
The oldest sociological company in the post-Soviet space (founded in 1987 by a resolution of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the USSR State Committee for Labor as the All-Union Center for the Study of Public Opinion, since 1992 - All-Russian). VTsIOM conducts marketing, social and political research of the full cycle - from the development of concepts and tools to the preparation of analytical reports and presentation of results.
"Owners"
100% of the company's shares are owned
"Management"
"News"
The army and the Russian Orthodox Church topped the rating of institutions approved by Russians
The conflict of the Russian Orthodox Church with Constantinople did not affect its rating in the country - along with the army and power structures, it remains one of the most approved public institutions, it follows from the data of VTsIOM
VTsIOM recorded a decrease in Russians critical of migrants
In recent years, Russians have begun to treat migrants better in a number of areas, but on the whole this attitude remains negative. This is evidenced by the results of a survey by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM), received by RBC.
VTsIOM recorded a decrease in the rating of "United Russia" amid the elections
The trust rating of the United Russia party dropped over the month from 36.3% (before the start of the election campaign before the September 9 elections) to 35.5%, according to a report by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VTsIOM), which is owned by RBC.
VTsIOM named the most memorable questions at Putin's press conference
The most memorable question at the big press conference of President Vladimir Putin on December 14 was the question of competition in the elections and the opposition, which was asked by TV presenter Ksenia Sobchak. The data was provided by VTsIOM based on the results of a poll among Russians who followed Putin's responses. Sobchak's question was remembered by 19% of viewers of the press conference.
VTsIOM has determined the unemployment rate is twice as high as the official
Unemployment in Russia is twice the official data of Rosstat and is 11%, according to a poll by VTsIOM. The gap in indicators could have been greater if the criteria of state statistics were used in the calculations, sociologists say
VTsIOM recorded a record Russian confidence in the police
Sociologists from VTsIOM spoke about the record growth of Russians' confidence in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Over the year since last November, the number of respondents who trust the police has grown from 47% to 67%
The Russians named the main tasks of the army and rated Shoigu
The All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM) conducted a survey on the attitude of Russians towards the army. The respondents named the main tasks of the armed forces and spoke about their attitude towards the army. The survey materials were received by RBC.
VTsIOM spoke about the negative attitude of the majority of Russians towards Sobchak
95% of respondents know well or have heard something about TV presenter Ksenia Sobchak, who announced her presidential ambitions, but 60% of respondents are more likely to have a negative attitude towards her, VTsIOM reported.
VTsIOM found out the attitude of Russians to Zeman's idea of payments to Ukraine for Crimea
Most Russians did not like the proposal of Czech President Milos Zeman to pay compensation to Ukraine for Crimea. Only 6% of respondents considered this idea reasonable
VTsIOM found the most opponents of vaccinations among people aged 35-44
Talking about the reasons for refusing vaccinations, Russians mention side effects, mistrust of doctors and the quality of vaccines, as well as the possibility of turning a child into a disabled person.
VTsIOM revealed the lack of savings among the majority of Russians
The majority of Russians (60%) do not have financial savings, 22% of Russians who did save money, prefer not to take it to the bank, but to keep it with them. This is evidenced by the results of VTsIOM, received by Izvestia.
VTsIOM noted the drop in Russians' trust in doctors
Russians' confidence in doctors is falling. If in 2010 54% of citizens trusted health workers, now their number has dropped to 36%. This is evidenced by the survey data of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM). The research results are available from RBC.
VTsIOM discovered among Russians a lack of understanding of historical processes
In connection with the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution, sociologists tested the knowledge of Russians in history. The results, VTsIOM found out, demonstrated that there is no need to talk about the understanding of deep historical processes by the inhabitants of Russia.
VTsIOM found out the political motives of young Russians
Young Russians come to politics and social movements for "drive and career", consider justice to be the main thing in the country's development and want to be subjects, not objects of politics. This is evidenced by the data of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM), received by RBC.
VTsIOM cited data from a study of the attitude of Russians to Udaltsov
More than half, 61% of the residents of Russia, do not know anything about the recently released opposition politician Sergei Udaltsov. 39% of Russians have not heard anything about him. This is evidenced by the data received by RBC from the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM) on the study of the attitude of Russians to the opposition.
TASS: "There are revolutionary sentiments in Russia"
Russian government media have published the results of a poll conducted by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center. Surprisingly, but the sociological investigation ordered by the Russian government revealed a picture unpleasant for the authorities - the pre-revolutionary mood in society.
VTsIOM: provinces need renovation more than Moscow
The VTsIOM poll showed that 70% of Russians have heard about the housing renovation program. At the same time, 73% of respondents believe that renovation is much more urgent for the provinces than in Moscow.
VTsIOM: Most Russians still get information from TV
The number of Russians who learn the news by watching TV is falling, but still exceeds the Internet audience by 23 percent.
According to a poll by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, the results of which were published on August 7, 69% of the population often receive information from the broadcasts of central television, 22% rarely watch the news and 9% do not do it at all. At the same time, a year ago, the permanent audience of television was 2% more.
VTsIOM: 81% of Russians under 24 prefer to receive news from social networks
81% of Russians aged 18 to 24 prefer to receive news from social networks. This result was shown by the VTsIOM poll.
VTsIOM: Most Russians are not afraid of new US sanctions
Only 28% of our fellow citizens admitted that they experience fears in connection with their possible negative impact on our country.
68% of Russians heard about the new round of anti-Russian sanctions initiated by the US Congress, but most of them took this information calmly, sociologists say. According to the results of the VTsIOM poll, only 28% of Russians fear the negative consequences of the restrictions imposed, and 48% are convinced that they do not expect any changes after the imposition of sanctions. Moreover, 9% of respondents believe that, on the contrary, they will have a positive effect on the country's economy.
General Director of VTsIOM: In Russia, the request for stability has disappeared and a request for changes has appeared
In Russia, there is a public demand for change. This, as reported by TASS, said the general director of VTsIOM Valery Fedorov, speaking at the forum "Territory of meanings on the Klyazma."
According to Fedorov, now in society there is a phase of "uncertainty about the future", which is dangerous, since, according to the sociologist, "revolutionary sentiments do not appear in a crisis situation, but when the crisis is over and it gets better."
VTsIOM assessed how happy the Russians are
The majority of Russians - almost 85% - consider themselves happy. This is stated in the report of the regular monitoring of the level of happiness of the inhabitants of Russia by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM).
VTsIOM: 72% of Russians hope that the West itself will lift sanctions
According to VTsIOM, 72% of Russians believe that the Kremlin should not push for the lifting of Western sanctions against Russia. In their opinion, the West itself will soon abolish them, as it also suffers from them. Only 20% of respondents disagree with them, RBC reports.
VTsIOM recorded a sharp disappointment of Russians in Trump
After the next sanctions, the number of Russians dissatisfied with the US president exceeded the number of those who sympathize with him, follows from a new poll by VTsIOM. But the respondents still believe in the imminent lifting of the sanctions
Description
general information
The oldest sociological company in the post-Soviet space (formed in the year by a decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR as the All-Union Center for the Study of Public Opinion, c - All-Russian - for more details on the history of the creation and development of the company, see the section "History of VTsIOM"). In Russia and abroad, VTsIOM conducts marketing, social and political research of the full cycle - from developing a concept and tools to preparing analytical reports and presenting the results.
VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution, publishes its own scientific journal (""), manages its own department at the Higher School of Economics and a research center at RSSU, and also regularly holds meetings of its own scientific and expert council, which includes the country's leading sociologists. (For more details about the scientific potential of the center, see the section "Scientific and teaching activities" below).
Command
More than 70 specialists in the field of sociology, marketing, political science, finance, psychology, statistics work in the Moscow office of the company. The Center is headed by Valery Fedorov. Among the company's employees are doctors and candidates of sciences, graduates of leading Russian and foreign universities (Moscow and St. Petersburg State Universities, Vienna and Moscow Diplomatic Academies, Higher School of Economics, etc.). (For more details about the scientific potential of VTsIOM employees, see the section "Scientific and Teaching Activities of VTsIOM"). VTsIOM branches operate in all 7 federal districts of the country. The network of interviewers numbers about 5000 people.
Research directions
VTsIOM conducts research both at the regional and federal levels, as well as in the post-Soviet space (together with colleagues from other countries of the former USSR - members of the agency "Eurasian Monitor", one of the founders of which is VTsIOM) and in countries "far abroad". Among the main activities of the company:
(For more details, see the section: "Research by VTsIOM" and in the note: "Clients and partners of VTsIOM")
Methodology
The work uses a wide range of research techniques (personal interviews, focus groups, mystery shopping, hall tests, exit polls, expert polls, telephone interviews, etc.). Information processing methods include both descriptive and inferior statistical analysis, special programs for constructing samples, etc. Population polls are conducted on a weekly basis according to the all-Russian representative sample (1600 people in 140 settlements of 42 regions of Russia).
Research by VTsIOM
At the regional and federal levels, in the post-Soviet space and in the "far abroad" countries, VTsIOM conducts research in 3 main areas:
- politics (electoral research, monitoring of satisfaction with the authorities),
- social sphere (education, medicine, family, housing and communal services, fight against corruption),
- business (finance and insurance, real estate market, development of trade and corporate brands, development of corporate reputation, examination of trademarks, information technology market, media measurements, sports industry, automotive market), etc.
VTsIOM regularly acts as a coordinator and executor of international research projects for foreign and Russian customers - both in Russia and abroad (including, in particular: UNDP, US State Department, NATO, etc. More - in the note: "Clients and partners of VTsIOM"). So, since 2004 (as well as before the collapse of the USSR), the Center has been actively involved in building a system of regular sociological research in the post-Soviet space (within the framework of the Eurasian Monitor agency, one of the founders of which is VTsIOM - along with sociological services of other former Soviet republics Union).
Some VTsIOM projects over the past 5 years
- Exit polls (exit polls) in the parliamentary and presidential elections of the Russian Federation.(customer - JSC "Channel One") 2007 - 2008
- (OJSC "NK" Rosneft ") 2007
- Assessment of the employer's image.(JSC "Severstal") 2008
- Assessment of the employer's image.(LLC "RUSal-Managing Company") 2007
- Research on the well-knownness of a trademark.(LLC "Heineken Commercial Service") 2007
- Social adaptation of people with HIV + status: assessment of the situation in health care, education and employment.(United Nations Development Program) 2007
- Study of interethnic relations based on the results of all-Russian polls.(Institute of Diaspora and Integration) 2007
- Studying the conditions of the business environment, assessing the interaction between business and government (according to the estimates of entrepreneurs).(RSPP) 2007-2008
- Study of the level of confidence in the media among Russians.
- The attitude of the population of Russia to the judiciary.(Office of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation) 2007
- Sociological Research on Unfair Competition.(Federal Antimonopoly Service) 2007
- Factors and prospects for the development of football in Russia(Fund "National Football Academy") 2006
- Assessment of the attractiveness of the housing infrastructure of the investment project "Bolshoye Domodedovo"("Koalco") 2006-2007
- A study of Russians' perception of NATO.(NATO) 2006
- Analysis and assessment of the situation of the population's perception of the phenomenon of corruption in the public sector of the Russian Federation.(United Nations Development Program and the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation) 2006
- Investment behavior of the population and awareness of the deposit insurance system.(Deposit Insurance Agency) 2005-2006
- A study of the perception of large pharmaceutical brands in Russia and Eastern Europe.(Stanton Beringer consulting) Annually since 2005
- Conditions for the functioning of small business in the regions of Russia.(OPORA Russia) 2004-2006
- Assessment of the reputation indicators of JSC "Aeroflot"(Aeroflot - Russian Airlines) Annually since 2005
- A syndicated study of the corporate reputation of the 10 largest companies in Russia. Twice per year since 2004
- Monitoring of the main indicators of social attitudes of residents of the post-Soviet countries. Participants: leading sociological services of 14 post-Soviet countries. Twice a year, since 2003 - within the framework of the "Eurasian Monitor" project
Scientific and teaching activities
VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution. In addition, the Center has a scientific expert council, which includes well-known Russian sociologists, political scientists, philosophers and historians. Since 1993, VTsIOM has been publishing its own scientific journal, Monitoring Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes. The journal is published 6 times a year and has been in the public domain since 2009 (both archive and fresh issues). The editorial board of "Monitoring" includes leading Russian sociologists (employees of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, RSSU, Higher School of Economics, GfK-Rus, etc.).
The Department of VTsIOM has been operating at the Sociological Faculty of the Higher School of Economics (since 2008), and the Research Center of VTsIOM has been operating at the RSSU (since 2008).
VTsIOM conducts competitions of scientific works among young scientists - sociologists. Pays scholarships to the most talented sociology students.
The Center regularly creates and publishes author's and collective monographs on the state of public opinion in Russia. Among the latter: "From Yeltsin to Putin: Three Epochs in the Historical Consciousness of Russians" (2007), "Political Russia: An Election Guide 2007", "Political Dictionary of Our Time" (2006), "Russia at the Crossroads of a Second Term" (2005) ... (For more details see the link: "VTsIOM library - some books published by the company's team in recent years").
The VTsIOM team maintains an archive in which public opinion research has been presented since 1992. Thus, the ARCHIVARIUS database of the VTsIOM contains the results of the Express public opinion polls from 1992 to the present, and the extended thematic archive contains the functions of an in-depth search in the archive of the Center.
VTsIOM employees regularly deliver reports at Russian and foreign scientific conferences and round tables.
History
Birth. The first institute for the study of public opinion in Russia. 1987 year
The resolution on the creation of VTsIOM (then still "all-Union") was adopted at the July 1987 meeting of the Central Committee of the CPSU. The founders were the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the USSR State Committee for Labor. The first head of the center was Tatiana Zaslavskaya, an academician. Her deputy is Boris Grushin. According to Zaslavskaya, the Institute for Demoscopy in Germany, headed by E. Noel-Neumann, was a model for her in creating the center. During the years, thanks to the organizational efforts of Grushin, a network of sociological centers was developed in the republics of the USSR and regions of Russia. This made it possible in November 1988 to conduct the first mass polls on representative samples of the country's adult population; a year later, studies were carried out on a systematic basis. In August 1989, Boris Grushin left VTsIOM and organized his own organization for the study of public opinion "Glas Naroda".
"The first among the new". 1992-2003
Having appeared at the dawn of perestroika, VTsIOM, according to Alexei Levinson:
"played the role of a mother swarm, from which emerging families, new agencies for the study of public opinion and the market were separated."
Conflict. 2003 r.
Since its inception, VTsIOM has been a state sociological company. So, in 1987 the founders of the Center were the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR, then (in 1998) the Center was re-registered as a federal state unitary enterprise (FSUE), and in August, by the decision of the Ministry of Property Relations, FSUE VTsIOM was transformed into OJSC All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ". As before, the state remained the 100% owner of the organization. The board of directors of the company, consisting of representatives of the shareholder - the state, decided to replace the head of the Center (Yuri Levada), who headed the company in 1992-2003. In his place was appointed a young political scientist Valery Fedorov. The complaints against Levada, according to the new leader, were: "stagnation in the scientific field" and the fact that under him were "undeservedly forgotten" studies of "the social situation in the country, the problem of poverty, unemployment, employment, the labor market, emigration." One of the main tasks of Valery Fedorov as director, in his own words, was to preserve the research team of VTsIOM:
“He [Levada] wants to present his own removal as the destruction of a leading sociological center in Russia. I can assure you that such destruction will not occur. Unfortunately, Yuri Aleksandrovich is trying to present his dismissal as a mass exodus from VTsIOM. We, of course, will not allow this. ".
VTsIOM today. 2003-2009
VTsIOM continued the research programs developed by the previous team and retained the right to publish the journal "Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes" (the former editorial team continued to work in the newly created journal "Public Opinion Bulletin" since 2003).
The priority area of VTsIOM research today is the political moods of the population, attitudes towards the authorities at all levels, their decisions, initiatives and programs. In addition to the authorities, VTsIOM continues to carry out research commissioned by the largest Russian commercial companies and public associations. New areas of research also appeared, in particular, the company began to pay more attention to the social situation in the country, as well as marketing and international research and development.
So, since 2003, VTsIOM has been conducting weekly construction of indices of social well-being. The empirical basis for calculating the indices underlying the time series is the data of weekly express polls conducted by VTsIOM on a representative all-Russian sample (taking into account quotas by gender, age, education and territorial zoning of the State Statistics Committee) in 42 regions, territories and republics of Russia in 140 settlements (number of respondents 1600 people).
Since 2003, research in the post-Soviet space has also become more important. In 2003, the company became one of the founders of the research agency "Eurasian Monitor" and by 2009 conducts regular surveys of the population in 14 states of the former USSR (in cooperation with colleagues - leading sociological companies of these states.
New regular projects have appeared: The state of the business climate in Russia, the Freedom of Expression Index, the Assessment of higher professional education in Russia, the Assessment of the activities of the courts in the Russian Federation, etc.
The new, more applied and pragmatic focus of VTsIOM's research programs was also expressed in the change in the Center's motto: instead of the previous one, "From opinion to understanding," it became: "To know is to win!"
Criticism
The company is sometimes accused by those who are the object of its research. So, the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Gennady Zyuganov, criticizes the objectivity and correctness of the Center's research: "I believe that this is an unfair study," said Chairman of the Communist Party Central Committee G.A. Zyuganov, assessing, at the request of the media, the published results of the VTsIOM study on the problem of V. Lenin (according to this study, the Russians are in favor of reburial of Lenin's body in the cemetery).
VTsIOM is also accused of "special" relations with the Kremlin. The most famous scandal of this kind is associated with the publication in the New Times magazine in the fall of 2007 of a series of materials about the corruption of VTsIOM and the manipulations used in the center's research to please the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. VTsIOM filed a lawsuit against The New Times magazine, and after a ten-month review in September 2008, the court found the published information that the center had a “special commercial relationship” with the Kremlin “untrue” and ordered the magazine to publish a refutation. and the journalist who wrote the articles was ordered by the court to pay a small fine.
However, as regards the accusations that "when conducting polls, sociologists [from VTsIOM], on instructions from various parties, use so-called formative questions, that is, questions that lead to strictly definite answers," the court refused to satisfy VTsIOM's claims. The court decided: “The applicant's argument that the interviews conducted by VTsIOM were not of a formative nature is unfounded”. "Press release of VTsIOM No. 771 dated September 18, 2007, to which there is a reference in the statement of claim, testifies to the opposite," the ruling of the Moscow Arbitration Court says. The judgment in this regard was contested by the applicant and the investigation is ongoing.
Notes (edit)
- "Monitoring Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes"
- "Media ratings of sociological centers"
- "Professional network ESOMAR"
- Eurasian Monitor
- "Archive of the Monitoring journal"
- "Library VTsIOM"
- "Database Archivist"
- "Extended subject archive"
- Grushin B.
- Zaslavskaya T. How VTsIOM Was Born / Social Rift and the Birth of a New Sociology: Twenty Years of Monitoring. - S. 11-17.
- Alexey Levinson Pages
- Grushin B. On the distant and near approaches to the creation of VTsIOM / Public rift and the birth of a new sociology: twenty years of monitoring. - M .: New publishing house, 2008 .-- S. 18-22.
- history of the company
- Levada Y. From Opinions to Understanding. Sociological Essays 1993-2000. SS. 391-548.
- Levada Y. We are looking for a person. Sociological essays 2000-2005. SS. 263-379.
- Interview with Valery Fedorov / Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 09/11/2003
- Interview with Valery Fedorov / Yezhenedelny Zhurnal, No. 150 dated 01/13/2005
Society, Sep 24, 14:18
80% of Russians did not apply to travel agencies to organize summer vacations Last summer, only 20% of Russians applied to travel agencies to organize vacations outside their permanent place of residence. This is stated in the results of a study by VTsIOM. According to the survey, the remaining 80% preferred to organize their vacation on their own. The Russians called the main disadvantage of the vacation organized by travel agencies their high ...Politics, 16 Sep, 05:47
The Russians called the advantages of women politicians over their male colleagues ...% of respondents). This is reported by "Kommersant" with reference to the results of the survey VTsIOM... In the telephone survey "Politics with a woman's face: the Russian version", which ... character and emotionality. Other disadvantages of women politicians, according to VTsIOM, - inability to concentrate only on work (6%), short-sightedness (3%) and unprofessionalism ...Society, 03 Sep, 13:23
Russians consider the US the main source of the terrorist threat VTsIOM). At the same time, the main source of the terrorist threat is considered by the relative majority of Russians ...Society, 02 Sep, 13:18
Russians appreciated the quality of teachers' work in schools According to a survey by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM), the majority of parents (78%) positively assess the level of qualifications of teachers in Russian ... Only half of Russians correctly described the appearance of the country's flag ... this is evidenced by the results of a survey conducted by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM) on the eve of the Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation celebrated on August 22 ... VTsIOM named the favorite video game of Russians Almost half of Russians have never played video games, and the overwhelming majority of the rest prefer not to spend money on them, according to a VTsIOM poll. Only 19% of Russians play video games on computers, smartphones and consoles, according to a study by VTsIOM. Almost half of the survey participants (48%) stated that they had never played such games ... VTsIOM called the share of Russians who consider themselves Orthodox As found by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM), 63% of Russians consider themselves Orthodox. The highest proportion of those who ..., however, do not identify themselves as belonging to any confession. All-Russian poll " VTsIOM Sputnik ”was held on July 26 among 1600 Russians over 18 ...
Loading...
