How to develop diction. Exercises to warm up the tongue. Enemies of beautiful speech

For people who occupy leadership positions or by profession they speak a lot in public, it is important to have correct diction. You can correct the clarity of pronunciation by performing special exercises.

Ways to develop diction

First of all, you should identify the range of problems with which you have to fight.

If this is a specific speech defect (burr, lisp, stuttering), then the help of a specialist is needed.

Burr or lisp pronunciation can be corrected using the following methods:

• the person is explained the correct position of the tongue and lips, which are responsible for the correct
  playing sounds;
• Next, you should train your speech apparatus, for which you need to repeat tongue twisters;
• you need to constantly monitor your speech so that the defect does not return.

Such training will help you learn to pronounce sounds and pronounce words correctly. But you should be prepared that such work will require a lot of effort.

As for stuttering, the work will be more difficult. The main problem lies in the psyche.

Very often it turns out that in Everyday life the person has good production speeches, and when it comes to public speaking, the speaker begins to stutter.

If the problem is swallowing endings or unclear pronunciation of sounds when speaking quickly, you can deal with it yourself.

Speech correction is carried out as follows:

1. First of all, it is necessary to identify specific defects. To do this, you need to record your voice on a voice recorder. It is best to record a conversation with someone, because if you specifically read the text, then the person will not arbitrarily try to correct his mistakes in speech.
2. When assessing your voice, pay attention to whether you can pronounce the phrase in one breath, as well as the strength of the sound. If they are lacking, you need to work on your breathing. For this there is simple exercise: should be taken vertical straight position, one hand rests on the stomach, and the second on the chest. Feet are placed shoulder width apart. Inhalation comes through the nose, so that the lower part of the chest is filled with oxygen. Exhalation comes through the mouth. This exercise helps develop the diaphragm.
3. Needs work on
   pronunciation of individual letters. Stand in front of a mirror and slowly pronounce the vowels. Pronunciation should occur while exhaling. The sound should be loud and as long as possible. You can try humming the vowels.
4. Tongue twisters also help develop good diction and clarity of pronunciation. But before you take them on, you should warm up your face. The most effective way is grimacing. All facial muscles, as well as lips and tongue, should be involved in this process. This procedure should last at least 10-15 minutes. A similar warm-up is necessary before every public speaking.
5. The emotional richness of speech is also important. To do this, you need to think through all the intonations and pauses in your speech.
6. Psychological comfort does not play a role last role for clear pronunciation. Often a person has good diction and masters his speech, but being in front of a hostile public, he begins to get lost and mumble. Tongue twisters alone will not help here. It is necessary to develop self-confidence.

Speech Exercises

As for clear articulation, it can be developed with the help of other exercises:

• knead and develop facial muscles with the help of antics;
• move the lower jaw up and down and left and right;
• All teeth are counted using this method, but they must first be squeezed tightly;
• stretch your mouth into a full smile, fully using your lips, and then gathering them into a tube;
• the body leans forward, hands are folded on the chest and the sounds “u”, “o”, “a” are pronounced.

All these exercises will help develop diction, speech intelligibility and correct articulation. If you cannot cope with the problem on your own, you can always seek help from a speech therapist.

According to experts, up to 30% of people suffer from diction disorders. And, apparently, most of them get jobs at airports to announce flight delays over the radio. Even if you don’t plan to join their ranks, it won’t hurt you to learn how to carefully order dishes with difficult names in a restaurant or surprise others with a lightning-fast Estonian tongue twister.

Heh, Slavs!

“The easiest pronunciation defect is gagging,” says Alexander Kabin, director and teacher of stage speech at the Interlude theater association. This fricative "g" can also be picked up in mature age. The owner of good phonemic hearing after a two-week business trip to Eastern Ukraine or southern Russia, having had plenty of conversations with local residents, unnoticed by herself, will begin to talk like Nastya Zavorotnyuk in the image of a beautiful nanny. However, after returning home, the accent will fade away in a couple of weeks and will not appear until the next business trip. If your “ghe” is innate, to acquire a non-explosive sound of the fourth letter of the alphabet, practice pronouncing phrases with an abundance of “g”. Pronounce them slowly, and first pause on the “g” sound for emphasis.

Read with expression

• Tycoon Yegor was sunbathing on the mountain, a magnet fell on tycoon Yegor.
• The brilliant heterosexual Goga passionately loves the geisha Galya.
• Where is Gena the migrant worker? This bastard is drying out the herbarium!

Grazing bullet

In addition to the surname Zinbelshucher, there are many other, more valid reasons not to pronounce the sound “r”. This sound is the most difficult to articulate. There are 30 variants of its distortions. The most common are the absence of “r” (“pezevative cob”) and the guttural pronunciation of the sound, called burr. “Sometimes the cause of the defect is a shortened hyoid ligament, which limits the rise of the tongue. This requires little intervention from the surgeon,” notes Alexander. But more often it’s all about a habit ingrained from childhood and weakness of the tongue muscles.

To develop your tongue, first spread it on your lower lip, while saying “five-five-five.” (Sounds stupid, but what can you do?) When your tongue gets used to lying relaxed, teach it to cover it upper lip. The front edge of the tongue should cover the entire upper lip from corner to corner of the mouth. (For especially weak muscles, at first help your tongue stay up with a teaspoon.) Making sure that your tongue remains as wide, push it behind your upper teeth. Now practice saying “d-d-d” by hitting the front edge of your raised tongue inner surface upper front teeth. After a few hours of these exercises, alternating with tongue twisters, the sound “r” will begin to break through.

Read with expression

• Tell me about tongue twisters. What tongue twisters are we talking about? About tongue twisters, about tongue twisters, about my tongue twisters!
• Our Tanya is crying loudly and dropped a ball into the river. He put the Greek's hand in the river, the ball behind the Greek's hand - dac!
• Grass in the yard, firewood on the grass. Don't chop wood, but drink wood.

What is “ochen?”

Check if your bite is correct, if all your teeth are in place and if there are any piercings on your tongue. If everything is in order, a weak tongue is to blame for your lisping speech.

"Sometimes to develop a language and restore correct pronunciation It’s enough to read the consonants out loud more often,” says Alexander. In between readings, do two simple exercises.

1 . Stretch the corners of your mouth in a forced smile so that your teeth are visible, and blow on the tip of your tongue to produce a whistling noise typical of the “s” sound.

2. Practice pronouncing the syllable "sa". In this case, the sound “s” must be strained through the teeth, and the mouth must be opened at the sound “a”. If you still fail to master the correct pronunciation, go to Poland. There you won’t feel inferior: the Polish language is full of sibilants.

Read with expression

• Masha was walking along the highway and got hit by a bus.
• Tell me about the sausages! Which sausages? Maybe about shopping? Oh, yes, about shopping.
• Soviet specialists are rushing to the aid of specialists from socialist countries.

Obvious but unclear

Put a spoonful of porridge in your mouth and say: “Leave me alone, you monsters.” Now say the same thing without the porridge. Any differences? All clear. You pronounce sounds carelessly, especially consonants. But the importance of consonants is higher than vowels, because they carry more information, performing a semantic distinguishing function.

If you are used to saying “check” instead of “person”, “nomad” instead of “in short” and “DNA” instead of “deoxyribonucleic acid”, do not be offended by experts who call such speech unintelligible, unaesthetic and inexpressive*.

Of course, it’s hard to deny yourself the pleasure of telling jokes while chewing your kebab, but the rest of the time, try to speak more clearly. To develop this skill, Alexander advises you to chant poetry, beating a clear rhythm with your hand on the table or with a hammer on the radiator.

Start collecting words with a “bouquet” of consonants (WAKE, AGENCY, poSTSCRIPTUM, PARTVZNos), as well as phrases from monosyllabic words, the pronunciation of which requires muscle tension (“Where the table had food, there is a coffin”). When you have collected enough words and phrases, compose them into a short story and send them to us. Poel?

Read with expression

• The over-anxious center forward is apt to snore.
• The transplantation of the fire hose smacked of amateurism.
• Everyone loved Prov, but he fell into a trance.
• And you Brute?

Instructions

Stretch your tongue. To do this, move it from side to side, left and right, back and forth; Make circular turns with your tongue, fold it with a screw and a tube. Stick out the tip of your tongue and move it very quickly from one corner of your mouth to the other.

Feel the tip of your tongue, feel how active it is. Hit the inside of your teeth with the tip of your tongue, as if you were saying: yes, yes, yes, yes. Pronounce the paired consonants energetically: T-D, T-D, T-D.

Free your tongue and larynx by doing this: take a quick, deep, short breath through your nose, then exhale completely through your mouth. The exhalation is made sharply, the air is released with the sound “FU” (at the same time the cheeks droop).
To strengthen the muscles of the larynx, pronounce the following consonants quickly and vigorously: K-G, K-G, K-G.

Work on the habit of taking a breath for each new phrase. When reading prose or poetry, consciously take a breath, as if in reserve, before each phrase.

Record a speech you like (an announcer or someone else) onto a cassette or disk, try to imitate this conversational style.
Feel free to engage speech exercises, because your sense of self, communication capabilities, etc. depend on this.

Voice - essential element when assessing a person. If we like the way a person speaks, then we will be pleased to communicate with him, and we will be happy to listen to him. Beautiful and competent speech- recipe for success.

You will need

• Book, nuts

Instructions

The first and most important rule is reading. Read aloud 10 times a day. This will help you cope with embarrassment and also acquire the necessary skills. Thus, you will teach yourself to speak out loud, and not just conversationally speech Yu. It is best to use fiction in such cases, rich in expressive words. Remember that the most picky ones are children. If children listen to you attentively, then you have nothing to worry about, but, nevertheless, improve your skill constantly.

Develop the muscles of your lips and tongue. Take the mirror in your hands and make a proboscis with your lips, looking into it. Imagine that you want to kiss someone. Now smile with your lips stretched out. Do these exercises alternately ten times. To train your tongue, press the tip as hard as you can against one cheek, then the other. Try to stretch your cheeks with your tongue. Then press the inside of your lips in the same way.

Open your mouth and move your lower jaw in different directions. Feel how freely she moves. Do this exercise in front of a mirror until your jaw gets a little tired. If any movement feels uncomfortable, repeat it several times. Tap your front teeth frequently as if you have a chill. This helps free up the lower jaw.

Choose your favorite poem or passage from a book, memorize it and recite it in front of the mirror. Watch your mouth and face. Pronounce the text exaggeratedly, actively - this trains the speech apparatus well. Then the exaggeration will go away, but will remain.

Sources:

• Diction exercises
• how to develop muscles

Poor diction can cause a lot of problems in life. Fuzzy speech complicates communication and is the source of a number of psychological complexes. However, develop a good diction in the absence of medical problems, it is quite easy at home.

You will need

• - Dictaphone;
• - Tongue Twisters;
• - poetry.

Instructions

Start by doing breathing exercises. Take a comfortable position and try to take even, deep breaths, controlling their rhythm. Gradually begin to vary your breathing, shortening your inhalations and lengthening your exhalations, and then vice versa. Try pronouncing different vowels as you exhale. Practice diaphragmatic breathing.

Do exercises for the articulatory apparatus. Don’t worry that you will experience pain at first: it will gradually subside as the muscles become more elastic. Many diction problems are caused by weakness of the lips and tongue. By training your facial muscles, you can achieve clearer speech.

Train diction using tongue twisters. First, pronounce each of them slowly, paying attention to the clear pronunciation of all sounds. Gradually increase the tempo, still monitoring the quality of articulation. During exercises, tense the muscles of your face and lips, exaggerating sounds.

Memorize and recite poetry. This method will not only help you put into practice the above-mentioned methods of correcting diction, but will also allow you to ultimately gain good poetic knowledge. Read the poems clearly intonation pauses and controlling your breathing. A similar exercise can be done with songs.

Read prose aloud and record your speech on a voice recorder. In this case, it is desirable that the sensitivity of the microphone be high enough: only in this case will you be able to catch all the nuances of pronunciation. Control the fluency of speech and clarity of sounds.

Helpful advice

If you have serious problems with diction that cannot be corrected independently (for example, burr), it is advisable to consult a doctor. It is possible that you will need a small surgery.

Work on vocabulary and sentence construction. There are many examples of not only how to, but also what to say. After all, your speech will be considered correct only if you achieve the desired results with what you say. An excellent textbook in this sense would be Allan Pease’s “Speak Correctly...” and the film “Thank you for smoking.” Otherwise, we can only give basic advice: read more.

Think about the conditions under which you will speak. When speaking from the podium, for example, there are some peculiarities that must be taken into account so as not to put the viewer to sleep. Main point the point is that you can’t “sight read” - your sentences should not contain complex phrases, sophisticated sayings or an abundance of interjections. In such conditions, “speaking beautifully” means speaking freely, almost like in everyday life - but at the same time with a “set” voice and confidence. It will be impossible to take your eyes off such a speaker, and most importantly, you yourself will begin to enjoy being on stage.

note

Never write the text of your speech in detail. The more you have on paper, the more you will want to play it safe and look there.

Helpful advice

Practice speaking in front of your friends. Performing for yourself and for people are completely different things.

Pay attention to the entertainers of various concerts. A professional presenter always has a standard speech.

A well-delivered and competent speech can be classified as an undoubted advantage that has a significant impact on success in many matters. Although oratory is an excellent tool for influencing others and achieving many goals; only a few can take full advantage of it. However, learning to speak correctly is a completely feasible task.

Perhaps everyone knows the story of the ancient Greek philosopher Demosthenes, who, while still a child, was delighted by chance when he heard the speech of a certain speaker, and after a while he decided to use the word as his main tool.

Stuffing his mouth with pebbles, Demosthenes in motion tried to achieve a clear articulation of the passages from poems he read from memory, thereby getting rid of the flaws in his speech. Daily training brought him benefits, giving him the opportunity to become famous as the best speaker of his era.

Good diction- this is an indicator of an enlightened person, his significant dignity, which can be applied in many life situations. Writing a competent and visual text may be simple, but pronouncing it will not be so easy. Unclear speech diction can get in the way and interfere with a perfectly practiced performance.

In fact, all diction defects can be corrected if desired. How to improve your speech diction quickly? This requires regular training.

Breathing training

Shortness of breath is without any doubt a problem that we encounter even in everyday life. Diaphragm training can fix this. An excellent way to improve diction is to sing vowel sounds while exhaling. At first, breathing will last for a short time, but with constant exercise you can reach 20 seconds.

The next stage of training is correcting the pitch of the voice. You can train and practice breathing, as if blowing out the flame of a candle.

Exercises to improve diction

There are many useful exercises which can improve diction and speech clarity for short time. Here are some of them:

Exercise No. 1. Articulation exercise.

• open your mouth wide and slowly move your jaw forward and then back;
• stand straight and, holding your hands on your chest, lean forward, while exhaling, say in a low voice the drawn-out vowels “o”, “u”, “y”;
• with closed and open mouth, straining the tip of your tongue, alternately rest it on the right and left cheeks;
• in a smile with an open mouth, run your tongue along the lower and upper teeth, and without moving your jaw, count each of them.

Exercise No. 2. Tongue twisters for the development of diction.

How to improve your diction quickly? Tongue twisters are perfect for this. They combine different sounds. Remember the woodcutters who cut down the oak trees, or the four turtles with four turtles. To improve your diction, you can pronounce tongue twisters by putting nuts in your mouth (from the movie "Carnival"). 5 tongue twisters with different consonances are enough to get rid of speech impediments.

Exercise No. 3. Listening to your voice through voice recordings.

The sound of our voice is not at all what we think it is. You need to read any poem, recording it on a voice recorder. The resulting recording needs to be listened to. Try to correct any flaws you hear next time. You need to record until you get the perfect effect.

Video - How to improve speech and diction

Regularity of repetition

For exercises to practice good diction, spend 10-15 minutes a day.

It is necessary to move on to the next task only after the previous one has been worked out quite clearly. Regular exercises will relieve you of the question of how to improve your diction and make your speech clear and intelligible.

I don’t think anyone will argue with the fact that the ability to speak beautifully is the most valuable human quality.

Man owning competent speech, makes a favorable impression, he achieves his goal more often, he is more successful in professional activity, it is easier for him to adapt to any life situation.

Correct speech has an almost magical effect. I want to listen and listen to her; and from another - close your ears and run away.

Mastery of the art of speaking beautifully and competently, unfortunately, is becoming less and less common.

People who think masterpieces sometimes do not know how to express themselves as clearly in words. Many find it difficult to express their thoughts, feelings, or retell anything interesting they have read, seen, or experienced.

But behind the artless speech of such people sometimes hides a magnificent intellect, interesting person. But it takes time to recognize this. And time is something that we constantly lack.

From here there is only one way - you need and can train your speech. After all, the ability to speak beautifully is not a natural gift, but an acquired skill that can be brought to perfection. Even if you do not intend to become a professional speaker, the ability to speak beautifully and use speech correctly will be extremely useful both in work and in everyday personal life.

Following some rules can significantly improve the quality of your speech.

First, read more. Newspapers, magazines, quality fiction. In this sense, our domestic classics, which we have all studied in school years(or they didn’t study, which is sad). Read or re-read the classics! And out loud, without rushing. Such reading will have a colossal effect. It will teach you the correct construction of words in a sentence, increase lexicon.

Thirdly, watch the pace of your speech. It shouldn't be monotonous. Pause to highlight the main points of the conversation. It should be appropriate and not tight.

Fourth, use colloquial speech, conversation comparisons, metaphors, figurative expressions, sayings, finally. This will enliven the speech and make it more interesting. And of course, a win-win- humor. Appropriate self-irony and jokes will add shine to your speech. After all, words are only means for transmitting information, and the way you compose and pronounce them will either sink into your soul or not.

Fifth, speak, practice your speech as much as possible. This is easy to do if you have a wide social circle. If it is not there, then a TV or radio will help. Choose the TV presenter you like best and try to imitate him. Repeat phrases out loud (!) after him, also copying his voice intonations. It's not easy, but after some time you will certainly see progress. In addition to developing melodic speech, you will expand your vocabulary.

There is another fun, and only difficult exercise at first. Choose a simple household item, such as a floor lamp or slippers. Give yourself a time limit in which you will talk about this subject in a beautiful way. literary language. At first it will be difficult to talk for 5 minutes about some banal floor lamp. But it will get easier with every workout. By increasing the time limit and complicating the topic, you will soon overcome uncertainty, timidity in front of words, and inability to choose them. As a result, you will be able to enthusiastically talk about your slippers for an hour without repeating yourself. It is better to do this in a group or with your family, turning the training into a kind of game. In turn, everyone becomes both a performer and a listener.

You will not notice how you fall in love with words: you will feel your power over them, they will give you confidence, and they will serve you.

When expanding your vocabulary, get information from everywhere - from books, articles, films. Memorize bright phrases, phrases, interesting figures of speech. Write them down in a notebook and use them in everyday speech.

Find out the meaning of unfamiliar words, paying attention to the correct stress, and practice their pronunciation.

Incorrect pronunciation and inappropriate use of words can make your speech funny, instantly devaluing it. Make up new phrases and sentences yourself. Avoid vocabulary clichés, use speech imagery.

Ideally, after several months of systematic (!) training, you will develop a melodic, memorable and vivid speech. you are easy simple sentences you can explain the essence of complex things. Your speech will be like the babbling of a stream. It will flow easily and freely. From now on, such speech will always and everywhere be with you.

Excellent command of your native language will give you self-confidence. Moreover, it will change the quality of your life - you will be able to communicate with people without difficulty and fear. You will always be on top!

I wish you prosperity.