Each type of economic activity has a digital designation - a code, and all of them are collected in the OKVED directory (All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activities), approved by Rosstandart Order No. 14-st dated January 31, 2014 and put into effect in January 2017.
The classifier consists of 17 sections, each of which is devoted to a specific area of entrepreneurship. Types of OKVED "Agriculture" are concentrated in section A and are presented in an extensive list.
General rules for using OKVED
The process of using data from the All-Russian Classifier is associated with the following features:
1. Any business entity can change OKVED codes an unlimited number of times. There are no restrictions on the number of types of work, but registration authorities recommend not to exceed 50 items.
2. The presence of a particular code does not oblige you to engage in the activity designated by it. For example, the presence of an OKVED code for vegetable growing at a construction organization does not mean an immediate requirement to organize a vegetable garden or greenhouse. The current situation is such that enterprises are forming a large range of activities, providing in advance for additional areas of work in the future or having in mind their own subsidiary farming.
3. The description of the business direction must be as specific as possible - at least 4 digital characters.
4. The descriptions of the types of activities given in the organization’s constituent documents must coincide with the transcript from OKVED.
Features of the directory structure
OKVED of Agriculture occupies Section A of the reference book and in turn is divided into the following subsections:
- Crop farming (including growing mushrooms and vegetables), livestock farming, hunting.
- Forestry and logging.
- Fishing and fish farming.
Each section is divided into corresponding groups of different levels, each of which includes a certain set of activities.
In addition to sections of OKVED 01-03, organizations need to pay attention to group 10, section C (food processing, including agricultural products), code 52.10.3 (warehousing and storage of grain), code 77.31 (rent and leasing of machinery and equipment for agriculture ) and other parts of the directory.
The activities of enterprises are multifaceted and can include a wide range of activities.
OKVED for work in the field of crop production
Crop farming is one of the areas of agriculture, which consists in the cultivation (sowing, care, harvesting) of cultivated plants. Since the production of products and raw materials for them is strategically important for the state, the legislator pays special attention to this area. All activities are divided depending on the characteristics of the plants and take into account the nutritional value in their arrangement. The classification is expressed as follows:
- Crops are divided into annuals, perennials and seedlings.
- Within each grouping, the codes are arranged according to the importance of plants in society. For example, in 1st place is sowing and harvesting grains (raw materials for the production of flour and cereals), then vegetable growing, growing oilseeds, tobacco, spinning plants, etc.
The presence of one or another OKVED code allows organizations and peasant farms to freely cultivate the corresponding type of plant and receive government subsidies.
OKVED for work in the field of mushroom cultivation
Mushrooms are part of the national cuisine and are a familiar product for most residents of the Russian Federation. In a biological sense, they occupy an intermediate position between plants and animals and are classified as a separate kingdom. In the OKVED directory, activities for growing mushrooms are in group 01.13, dedicated to vegetable growing.
OKVED divides this type of product into types:
1. Cultivated mushrooms - those that are grown from mycelium under controlled conditions (oyster mushrooms, champignons).
2. Wild mushrooms - activity codes for their collection and procurement are in group 02.30 (Collection of food forest resources) of subsection 02. "Logging".
3. Truffles are a particularly valuable type of mushroom, which is indicated separately in the types of activities. The reasons for this are the high cost of the product, growing conditions (truffles grow in wild, uncultivated soils) and collection.
4. Mycelium - essentially “seedlings” of mushrooms, which are sold as a separate type of product. Activity codes for its cultivation are in group 01.30. That is, mycelium is plant planting material.
OKVED for work in the field of livestock farming
Raising animals of various species for meat, wool, milk and other products is the 2nd largest sector of agriculture. The legislator lists the most important types of animals in the OKVED (livestock husbandry) groupings, indicating the products that can be obtained from them. Exotic representatives and insects are not left out of attention:
- 01.41. Cattle.
- 01.42. Other types of cattle, except cows. Buffaloes.
- 01.43. Horses and other representatives of the equid order.
- 01.44. Camels.
- 01.45. Sheep and goats.
- 01.46. Pigs.
- 01.47. Farm poultry.
- 01.49. Other animals (shellfish, earthworms, rabbits, snakes, bees, silkworms, deer, etc.).
OKVED for the provision of services in the field of agriculture
The activities of individual agricultural organizations are not related to the cultivation of plants and animals, but to the provision of services in these areas. As a rule, such enterprises provide customers with appropriately qualified workers and the necessary equipment (tools). Subsection 01.6 includes groupings:
- 01.61. Services in the field of crop production.
- 01.62. Livestock services.
- 01.63. Services provided after harvest, including primary processing of products, preparation for storage, etc.
- 01.64. Seed treatment.
Separately, OKVED of Agriculture identifies services in relation to wild animals - catching, shooting, hunting.
OKVED for work in the field of logging
Work in the field of forestry involves the use of subsection 02 of section A of OKVED. Moreover, it is heterogeneous and, in turn, is divided into the following groups:
- 02.1. Silviculture and related activities - that is, work on growing forests. Note that we are not talking about fruit trees and shrubs, but about non-food varieties.
- 02.2. Logging is the activity of using forest resources, obtaining wood fuel and raw materials for subsequent wood processing.
- 02.3. Harvesting of food forest resources (berries, mushrooms, medicinal plants, nuts, lichens, etc.).
- 02.4. Providing services in the field of forestry and logging.
OKVED in the field of product processing
Enterprises that work in the field of agriculture and receive material results can be divided into 3 groups:
1. Agricultural producers are organizations that produce (grow) products and sell them in their natural form or after primary processing.
2. Enterprises that process grown products and sell the final product.
3. Organizations that are exclusively engaged in processing products produced by other farms.
In the last 2 cases, subjects must indicate when registering not only the OKVED of agriculture, but also the codes of section C. Namely:
- 10. Production of food products.
- 12. Production of tobacco products.
- 13. Production of textile products.
- 15. Production of leather goods.
- 16. Woodworking.
It remains to add that not a single organization, individual entrepreneur or peasant farm can do business without these codes.
Agriculture at this period of economic development of the country is one of the ways to develop a profitable business. Products from peasant farms (peasant farms) are actively gaining popularity among the country's population. At the same time, more and more businessmen are deciding to direct their entrepreneurial activities in this direction.
But for this it is necessary to carry out the procedure for registering an individual entrepreneur using the appropriate statistics code. After all, if you choose it incorrectly, the tax authorities may impose a fine. Therefore, farmers need to thoroughly study the requirements of the OKVED classification of agriculture. It is these statistics codes that are usually used when registering peasant farms.
Characters by classifier
To register an individual entrepreneur for organizing a peasant farm, you must select at least 4 digits of the OKVED code from the tax control authorities. It is not at all necessary to indicate more classification characteristics for such a farm.
Agriculture is a fairly broad section of OKVED, which is grouped according to the classification indicator “type of activity”. It is the first, therefore in this classifier this type of activity has the following parameters:
- Section – AA;
- Digital display assigned by Rosstat – 01;
- Subtypes are determined in order from 01.1 to 5.
Growing plants and related responsibilities
The first subtype in the section of codes for this area is the classification according to the occupation of planting and developing plants. In it you can find the necessary information for those involved in this type of business in order to properly register with government agencies.
The subclass of this part is opened by OKVED code 01.11, which includes activities related to the cultivation of grain, as well as similar crops that cannot be classified as other types of business. More specifically, this list includes:
- different varieties of wheat, including durum and soft, rice, rye, oats, corn, various legumes, barley, their seeds, which are prepared for sale;
- potatoes, roots and tubers, which contain a lot of starch, inulin, their seeds for sale;
- any oilseed crops, as well as seeds for resale;
- plants for smoking (tobacco, shag), including their initial processing, as well as seeds for resale;
- sweet beets, seeds for sale;
- fodder beets, other fodder root crops, melons, representatives of legumes, silage plants, annual and perennial grasses for fodder, not excluding the collection of hay, as well as fodder, seeds of products for sale;
- spinning crops, lobes and seeds of this type of plant for sale;
- plants for the production of pesticides, plants used in perfumery, cosmetology, hops, and other plants that were not included in previous codes.
- planting and collecting various vegetables, herbs, legumes, vegetable seeds for resale. The exceptions to this subclass are potatoes and their planting material, vegetables with a high content of starch and inulin, and sugar beets.
- growing flowers, seedlings, ornamental plants, harvesting bulbs, seeds and tubers;
- growing and collecting mushrooms, including wild mushrooms, as well as truffles.
It is worth noting that the last subclass also has its own structure, which includes the following codes after the main 01.12:
- 31 – activities related to the cultivation of mushrooms and mycelium;
- 32 – picking mushrooms in the forest, as well as truffles.
According to OKVED, agriculture also includes the production of fruits, and with them nuts, plants used in the production of drinks and spices. This type of business activity is assigned code 01.13.
It consists of the following subclasses:
- activities related to the procurement of grapes, both table grapes and for making wine, the simultaneous preparation of wine drinks, and the preparation of planting material for sale;
- the occupation of harvesting a number of fruits not listed in other subclasses, as well as nuts, which in turn also has its own subspecies:
- fruit and berry plants;
- raw materials for the production of various drinks;
- raw materials for the production of spices.
Livestock
Many peasant farms are engaged in animal breeding, which is also classified by OKVED. This can bring double income, both from the sale of live cattle and meat products. In addition, domestic animals also provide animal products, which are a source of income for individual entrepreneurs. But in this section, which is often used to register peasant farms, there is no classification according to the products produced. The section goes by type of animal:
- cattle, which are assigned the statistics code 01.21;
- sheep and goats with code 01.22.1;
- horses, mules, donkeys, hinnies, which were classified 01.22.2;
- pigs with code 01.23;
- poultry, according to OKVED24;
- other animals, insects, aquatic reptiles, worms, which have the code 01.25. but each of them is assigned its own subclass from 01.25.1 to 01.25.9.
Other statistics codes
At the same time, along with the separately carried out activities of sowing various crops or feeding livestock, statistics codes highlight the opportunity to choose the one that is most suitable for the type of activity. But for those who are simultaneously breeding animals for whose food they grow plants, while at the same time continuing to sell seeds, there is an option not to choose several codes, but to stop at one.
Subclass 01.3 OKVED is an activity related to doing business in both crop production and livestock production. This approach is very convenient, since balanced business activities of peasant farms obviously require both growing plants and breeding animals.
It is very difficult to imagine peasant farms that do not provide agricultural support services to the population. Such activities also have their own code in OKVED, 01.4. It includes:
- assistance in growing plants;
- consultations on rules of conduct;
- assistance in the application of land reclamation;
- livestock advice, but not veterinary services.
All these areas in the activities of peasant farms are also supplemented by their subclasses according to OKVED.
This also includes hunting for wild animals, including their breeding and advisory support. Some peasant farms also indicate this activity with code 01.5 according to OKVED.
Agriculture is one of the oldest forms of profit making. Since ancient times, people have been going to each other to buy or sell something that grew in the garden or was in the stall. Therefore, many entrepreneurs want to register their peasant farm and engage in a profitable, albeit difficult, business.
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This section includes:- physical and/or chemical processing of materials, substances or components with the aim of converting them into new products, although this cannot be used as a single universal criterion for defining production (see "waste recycling" below)
Materials, substances or transformed components are raw materials, i.e. products from agriculture, forestry, fisheries, rocks and minerals and other manufactured products. Significant periodic changes, updates or conversions of products are considered to be related to production.
The products produced may be ready for consumption or may be a semi-finished product for further processing. For example, the product of aluminum purification is used as a raw material for the primary production of aluminum products, such as aluminum wire, which in turn will be used in the necessary structures; production of machinery and equipment for which these spare parts and accessories are intended. The production of non-specialized components and parts of machinery and equipment, such as engines, pistons, electric motors, valves, gears, bearings, is classified in the appropriate grouping of Section C, Manufacturing, regardless of which machinery and equipment these items may include. However, the production of specialized components and accessories by casting/molding or stamping of plastic materials is included in Class 22.2. The assembly of components and parts is also classified as production. This section includes the assembly of complete structures from constituent components, produced independently or purchased. Waste recycling, i.e. processing of waste for the production of secondary raw materials is included in group 38.3 (activities for processing secondary raw materials). Although physical and chemical processing may occur, this is not considered part of manufacturing. The primary purpose of these activities is basic waste treatment or treatment, which is classified in section E (water supply; sewerage, waste management, pollution control activities). However, the production of new finished products (as opposed to products made from recycled materials) applies to all production as a whole, even if waste is used in these processes. For example, producing silver from film waste is considered a manufacturing process. Special maintenance and repair of industrial, commercial and similar machinery and equipment are generally included in group 33 (repair and installation of machinery and equipment). However, repair of computers and household devices is listed in group 95 (repair of computers, personal items and household items), while at the same time, automobile repair is described in group 45 (wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles). Installation of machinery and equipment as a highly specialized activity is classified in group 33.20
Note - The boundaries of manufacturing with other sections of this classifier may not have a clear, unambiguous specification. Typically, manufacturing involves the processing of materials to produce new products. Usually these are completely new products. However, determining what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective
Processing implies the following types of activities involved in production and defined in this classifier:
- processing of fresh fish (removing oysters from shells, filleting fish) not carried out on board a fishing vessel, see 10.20;
— pasteurization of milk and bottling, see 10.51;
- leather dressing, see 15.11;
— sawing and planing of wood; impregnation of wood, see 16.10;
— printing and related activities, see 18.1;
— tire retreading, see 22.11;
- production of ready-to-use concrete mixtures, see 23.63;
- electroplating, metallization and heat treatment of metal, see 25.61;
- mechanical equipment for repair or overhaul (e.g. motor vehicle engines), see 29.10
There are also types of activities included in the processing process, which are reflected in other sections of the classifier, i.e. they are not classified as manufacturing industries.
These include:
— logging classified in section A (AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, HUNTING, FISHING AND FISH CULTURE);
- modification of agricultural products classified in section A;
- preparation of food products for immediate consumption on premises, classified in group 56 (activities of catering establishments and bars);
- beneficiation of ore and other minerals, classified in section B (MINERAL MINING);
- construction and assembly work carried out on construction sites, classified in section F (CONSTRUCTION);
— activities of breaking down large quantities of goods into small groups and secondary marketing of smaller quantities, including packaging, repackaging or bottling products such as alcoholic beverages or chemicals;
— solid waste sorting;
— mixing paints according to the client’s order;
— metal cutting according to the client’s order;
— explanations for various goods classified under section G (WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE; REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND MOTORCYCLES)
Hello! In this article we will tell you how to choose the right OKVED for peasant farms.
Today you will learn:
- What is OKVED for farmers?
- How do types of activities in peasant farming relate to the codes from the classifier?
Classifier for peasant farm representatives
If you are planning to start farming for profit, you must register officially, in accordance with legal regulations.
Peasant farms allow you to carry out activities for raising livestock, various plant crops, as well as provide consultations and other assistance to the population. Both and can register this form of business.
In your tax application you will need to indicate the types of OKVED. This is a special classifier that encodes all permitted types of activities.
A sequence of 6 digits reflects the direction of the business and is reflected in tax reporting. The introduction of a classifier is associated with the simplification of control over taxpayers, as well as with the accelerated entry of information: it is enough just to indicate a few numbers, and not to rewrite long phrases indicating the type of activity.
You have the right to choose several codes or one main one. When you can write down only the first 4 digits from OKVED. The more numbers in the classifier, the more detailed the direction of the company’s work is described.
In 2016, a new form of classifier appeared, called ““. It contains an updated list of activities. The changes occurred in connection with new directions for business development in the country.
The years 2017-2019 did not introduce any innovations to the current OKVED, and therefore KFK representatives can use the OKVED-2 classifier to select their field of activity.
In the new classifier, types of activities for peasant farms are in section “A”. Rosstat assigned a digital coding to this section - “01”. Each numerical designation has several subtypes with values from 1 to 9.
The correct choice of OKVED will save you from further problems. If you specify a classifier that is not related to your activity, you may earn a fine.
All forms of activity available to peasant farms can be divided into three areas:
- Plant growing;
- Livestock;
- Other activities.
Codes for those involved in plant growing
The classifier contains a large number of codes related to crop production. Numerical designations reflect the classification of vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, grains, etc. You can select from the classifier the cultivation, harvesting or primary processing of the crop.
If your main activity is related to the cultivation of plant crops, then you have the right to choose one of the OKVED groups:
- 01.1 – for those who deal with crops with a short life cycle (annual);
- 01.2 – for farmers growing plants with a long life cycle (perennial);
- 01.3 – suitable for those who deal with seedlings.
Decoding OKVED for annual plants includes the following areas of activity:
- from 01.11.1 to 01.11.19 – suitable for those who are going to grow plants for grain production;
- 01.11.2 – for growing grain legumes;
- 01.11.3 to 01.11.39 – when growing crops for subsequent production of vegetable oil;
- 01.12 – for those who grow rice crops;
- from 01.13.1 to 01.14 – growing all kinds of vegetables, mushrooms, as well as cane to obtain sugar;
- 01.15 – removal of tobacco with shag;
- from 01.16.1 to 01.16.9 – cultivation of various spinning plants;
- from 01.19.1 to 01.19.9 – for breeding various flowering plants and their seeds.
For activities related to the cultivation of perennial crops, it is necessary to select OKVED from the following:
- from 01.21 to 01.26 – for growing fruits (including exotic ones), nuts and berries;
- from 01.27 to 01.28 – for growing all types of tea and coffee trees, spices and plants with medicinal properties.
OKVED for livestock farming
The activity of raising animals to obtain further profit must be reflected in official documents for the tax authorities. Here you will also need to indicate the OKVED codes that will appear in your line of business.
If the main activity is related to livestock farming, then the following codes are offered for the choice of entrepreneurs:
- from 01.41.1 to 01.41.29 – breeding of animals for the purpose of production and sale of dairy products;
- from 01.42.1 to 01.42.12 – breeding of animals for further sale of meat products;
- from 01.43.1 to 01.43.3 – include the breeding of horses of any breed, mules, donkeys and other artiodactyls, as well as the production of milk from these animals;
- from 01.44 to 01.46.2 – breeding of animals such as camels, sheep, goats and pigs for the purpose of further sale of dairy and meat products of these animals;
- from 01.47.1 to 01.47.3 – breeding of poultry (chickens, ducks, turkeys and others) to produce meat products and eggs;
- from 01.49.11 to 01.49.13 – breeding bees to produce honey;
- from 01.49.21 to 01.49.22 – breeding of various fur-bearing animals, including rabbits kept on the farm;
- from 01.49.32 to 01.49.32 – breeding silkworms, as well as obtaining their cocoons;
- from 01.49.41 to 01.49.44 – breeding of domestic deer breeds;
- from 01.49.5 to 01.49.9 – breeding of breeds of domestic animals and those intended for laboratory research. This also includes the removal of earthworms.
Other classifier codes for farmers
If your activity is not directly related to raising animals or growing crops, you can use other classifiers. They are suitable for those farmers who combine these two areas, or provide additional services to the population.
Other activities are designated by the following OKVED:
- from 01.61 to 01.62 - means carrying out activities in the field of crop production (harvesting, tree pruning, etc.) and livestock husbandry (transportation of livestock, vaccination, inspection, etc.);
- from 01.63 to 01.64 - include services after harvesting fruits, grain (providing storage facilities, cleaning before further processing, drying in special conditions, etc.) and processing of the resulting seeds before planting (separation by variety, various studies, etc. .);
- 01.70 – intended for hunters (catching animals and shooting them to obtain meat products for sale, leather, skins, etc.);
- from 02.1 to 02.40.2 - includes activities related to forestry (growing various trees, harvesting timber, collecting wild berries, nuts, fruits, etc.);
- from 03.1 to 03.22.9 - intended for those who are engaged in fishing or fish farming in the seas and fresh water sources.
This section includes:
- the physical and/or chemical processing of materials, substances or components with the aim of converting them into new products, although this cannot be used as a single universal criterion for defining production (see "waste recycling" below)
Materials, substances or transformed components are raw materials, i.e. products from agriculture, forestry, fisheries, rocks and minerals and other manufactured products.
Significant periodic changes, updates or conversions of products are considered to be related to production.
The products produced may be ready for consumption or may be a semi-finished product for further processing.
For example, the product of aluminum purification is used as a raw material for the primary production of aluminum products, such as aluminum wire, which in turn will be used in the necessary structures; production of machinery and equipment for which these spare parts and accessories are intended.
The production of non-specialized components and parts of machinery and equipment, such as engines, pistons, electric motors, valves, gears, bearings, is classified in the appropriate grouping of Section C, Manufacturing, regardless of which machinery and equipment these items may include.
However, the production of specialized components and accessories by casting/molding or stamping of plastic materials is included in Class 22.2.
The assembly of components and parts is also classified as production.
This section includes the assembly of complete structures from constituent components, produced independently or purchased.
Waste recycling, i.e. processing of waste for the production of secondary raw materials is included in group 38.3 (activities for processing secondary raw materials).
Although physical and chemical processing may occur, this is not considered part of manufacturing.
The primary purpose of these activities is basic waste treatment or treatment, which is classified in section E (water supply; sewerage, waste management, pollution control activities).
However, the production of new finished products (as opposed to products made from recycled materials) applies to all production as a whole, even if waste is used in these processes. For example, producing silver from film waste is considered a manufacturing process.
Special maintenance and repair of industrial, commercial and similar machinery and equipment are generally included in group 33 (repair and installation of machinery and equipment).
However, repair of computers and household devices is listed in group 95 (repair of computers, personal items and household items), while at the same time, automobile repair is described in group 45 (wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles).
Installation of machinery and equipment as a highly specialized activity is classified in group 33.20
Note - The boundaries of manufacturing with other sections of this classifier may not have a clear, unambiguous specification.
Typically, manufacturing involves the processing of materials to produce new products. Usually these are completely new products.
However, determining what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective
Processing implies the following types of activities involved in production and defined in this classifier:
- processing of fresh fish (removing oysters from shells, filleting fish) not carried out on board a fishing vessel, see 10.20
- Pasteurization of milk and bottling, see 10.51
- leather dressing, see 15.11
- sawing and planing of wood; wood impregnation, see 16.10
- printing and related activities, see 18.1
- tire retreading, see 22.11
- manufacture of ready-to-use concrete mixtures, see 23.63
- electroplating, metallization and heat treatment of metal, see 25.61
- mechanical equipment for repair or overhaul (e.g. automobile engines), see 29.10
There are also types of activities included in the processing process, which are reflected in other sections of the classifier, i.e. they are not classified as manufacturing industries. These include:
- logging activities classified in section A (AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, HUNTING, FISHING AND FISH CULTURE)
- modification of agricultural products classified in section A
- preparation of food products for immediate consumption on premises, classified in group 56 (activities of catering establishments and bars)
- beneficiation of ores and other minerals classified in section B (MINERAL MINING)
- construction and assembly work carried out on construction sites, classified in section F (CONSTRUCTION)
- activities of breaking down large quantities of goods into smaller groups and secondary marketing of smaller quantities, including packaging, repackaging or bottling products such as alcoholic beverages or chemicals
- solid waste sorting
- mixing paints according to customer's order
- metal cutting according to customer's order
- explanations for various goods classified under section G (WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE; REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND MOTORCYCLES)
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