Every year on November 4, believers celebrate the great Orthodox holiday dedicated to the Kazan Icon Mother of God. On this day, prayers read in front of the shrine of the Mother of God have special power. They are capable of creating real miracles.
First prayer:
“Oh, Holy Mother of God! With hope and bright feelings I bring my prayer to You. Do not turn Your gaze away from those who pray to You. Hear our words, O merciful Virgin. Pray before the Lord and before Your Son Jesus Christ for our mistakes and sinful deeds. Don’t let our country fall in the battle for a free life. Do not let soldiers die in war in bloody and dishonorable battles. Protect our homes from evil spirits and quarrels. Do not let us indulge in grief, sadness and despondency. Give us the strength to move forward and live our lives in health, happiness and joy. Fill our hearts with love, loyalty and courage! And never leave us, oh Holy Virgin! May we praise Your Great Name. In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Amen".
Second prayer:
“Oh, great Mother of God, Protector and Benefactor of Christians. You are the Queen of heavenly souls and the Mistress of humanity living on the sinful earth. You pray for us, thanks to You the Lord gives us repentance and His blessing. Hear our prayers now, for we pray to You before Your Holy Image. Do not leave our souls without Your light and warmth! Fill our hearts with virtue. Drive away malice and deceit, lies and hatred from our lives. Become a talisman for our children, illuminate them life path righteousness. Our refuge is in You. Oh, Most Pure Virgin, we glorify You, we bow our knees before You, we pray to You and we honor You, Great Intercessor. Don't leave us without help. Heal from mental and physical illnesses. Guide me on the right path. Do not leave in terrible moments. In You is our defense, in You is our road to the Kingdom of God. We never your name We will not stop chanting and praising. May the will of the Lord be done. From now on and forever and ever. Amen. Amen. Amen".
On this bright holiday in honor of the great Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, every person has a chance to stand on Right way and change your life for the better, gaining the support of the Mother of God, letting Her into your heart. It is enough just to offer sincere prayers before the face of the Holy Virgin, filling every word with goodness, love and faith. We wish you a bright and clean holiday, take care of yourself and don't forget to press the buttons and
The image of the Mother of God has long been famous in Rus', and it is no coincidence that the festivities associated with it have a special sacred meaning for all Orthodox people. Therefore, the feast of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (or the feast of the Kazan Mother of God, in common parlance) is considered one of the most beloved and revered among the people.
Parents still bless newlyweds with this icon to this day, and it shows the right path (or correct solution) to all those who doubt. This amazing icon also has many healing properties, but it is most famous for the numerous cases of healing believers from blindness and other vision problems.
The holiday is celebrated twice a year: 21 July And November 4, because each date has its own story associated with it.
By the way, the very emergence and real destiny This miraculous icon, which gives both physical and spiritual insight, is still shrouded in mystery. But first things first!..
July 21 – summer holiday of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God
This chain of amazing events began after a terrible fire that occurred in Kazan in the summer of 1579, which left many Kazan residents homeless. Among the fire victims was the nine-year-old daughter of a local archer (according to some sources, eleven-year-old) Matryona (or Matrona) Onuchina, to whom the Mother of God suddenly appeared in a dream, showing the girl the place where Her icon was located underground.
Since none of the adults took the children’s words seriously, in the third dream the Most Pure Virgin became angry with Matryona, threatening her with imminent death if she did not fulfill Her instructions. At this point, the frightened girl and her mother went with the news to the local mayor and archbishop, but they only waved away the annoying visitors.
What to do?.. The Onuchins themselves had to begin excavations on the ashes in the place indicated in the dream, where the icon was dug up by Matryona with her own hands and looked surprisingly freshly painted.
How it got into the ground is the first secret of the Kazan icon. Perhaps it was hidden there from Mohammed’s supporters by some Orthodox Christian even before the capture of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible, but these are just assumptions, nothing more...
This time the “city fathers” did not make a mistake and immediately arrived on the spot, after which procession moved wonderful icon(through the nearby Church of St. Nicholas) on the first Orthodox church Kazan - Annunciation Cathedral. And it was here (literally along the road) that the Kazan Mother of God began to show miracles of healing, the first of which affected the local blind men Joseph and Nikita.
At the site of the miraculous find, a little later, a convent, the first to be tonsured was Matryona Onuchina, who became Mavra (Martha), in the future - his abbess. Matryona's mother followed her daughter.
November 4 – autumn holiday of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God
Coming soon list with miraculous icon was sent to Ivan the Terrible in Moscow (from where he subsequently came to St. Petersburg in 1737 and was placed in the Church of the Nativity Holy Mother of God, on the site of which the Kazan Cathedral was later erected).
It is interesting that historians do not have exact facts regarding the fate of the original, because some of them claim that it was he who was sent to Moscow, and not the list. It is only known for certain that two miraculous lists were made.
One of the lists of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was brought to Moscow liberated from the Poles on October 22 (November 4), 1612 by Dmitry Pozharsky, who headed the people’s militia. This joyful event gave rise to the “autumn Kazan”, which for a long time noted at the state level.
In 1636, this image of the Most Pure Virgin was placed in the Kazan Cathedral erected on Red Square (today the icon is located in the Epiphany Cathedral). Russian rulers turned to the patronage of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God on the threshold of all turning points in historical events (both on the eve of the Battle of Poltava and before the defeat of the French in 1812).
The last secret of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (PHOTO)
In 1904, among the Russian Orthodox world suddenly terrible news spread: the famous icon of the Virgin Mary was stolen and destroyed in Kazan. This crime was taken upon himself by a certain Stoyan-Chaikin, who died later in the Shlisselburg fortress, who committed this blasphemy in order to prove to everyone the “unsanctity” of the icon.
The accusation was based on jewelry found in the thief’s apartment and the testimony of the nine-year-old (is it a coincidence?) daughter of his partner, who allegedly saw Chaikin and his accomplice Komov chop icons and burn them in the oven.
Several loops, pearls, nails and remnants of material were actually found there later. But whether it was the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God that was stolen from the church that was burned then is not known for sure...
Thus, the trace of this shrine was lost... Some believe that the original icon is in Moscow (and the copy was lost in the fire), others - that it is in St. Petersburg, and still others - that the real icon is being preserved by the Old Believers.
I really want to believe in the immortality of the relic!.. But perhaps it is no less important for all of us to keep it in our hearts?..
History, traditions, signs and rituals of Kazanskaya.
The icon of the Kazan Mother of God is associated with the greatest historical events Russia, with the names of people deeply revered by the people. This icon was miraculously found in 1579 in Kazan, shortly before that it was taken by the troops of Ivan the Terrible. After a fire that destroyed almost the entire Christian part of the city, the Mother of God appeared three times in a dream to the 9-year-old girl Matrona and ordered Her icon to be found on the ashes. When the mother and daughter began to dig in the place where there had been a stove before the fire, they discovered an icon at a depth of two cubits (about 1 m). One of the first eyewitnesses of this miracle was the modest priest of the St. Nicholas Church, Ermogen, later the Patriarch of All Rus'. Many people immediately flocked to the place where the icon was found, and the city resounded with festive ringing. This day has since become annually celebrated, first in Kazan, and then throughout Rus'. At the site where the icon was found in the same year, 1579, Ivan the Terrible founded the Bogoroditsky Monastery, where the revealed Kazan Icon was kept.
The small icon acquired by the girl soon became a national shrine, the banner of the Heavenly Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos over our Fatherland. My wonderful help she showed up in Time of Troubles, when Russia was invaded by Polish invaders. Polish troops took Moscow and imprisoned the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Hermogenes. In captivity, the Patriarch prayed to the Mother of God, and soon the Nizhny Novgorod militia of Minin and Pozharsky arose. Russian troops liberated Moscow and entered Red Square with the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (a miraculous copy of it). Prince Pozharsky, in honor of the Most Holy Theotokos, erected a temple of the Kazan Icon on Red Square in the 1630s, where it was kept for almost 300 years. In the 1920s, the temple was barbarically destroyed.
The image of the Kazan Mother of God was especially revered by Peter the Great. It is known that the miraculous list from the icon (the so-called Kaplunovsky) stood on the battlefield during the Battle of Poltava. There is a legend that Saint Mitrofan of Voronezh blessed Peter I with the Kazan icon even before the founding of St. Petersburg: “Take the icon of the Kazan Mother of God - and it will help you defeat your evil enemy. Then you will transfer this icon to the new capital... The Kazan icon will become the cover of the city and all your people.” In 1710, the Tsar ordered the miraculous copy of the Icon of the Kazan Mother of God to be transported from Moscow to St. Petersburg. For some time the icon stayed in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, and then (under Anna Ioannovna) it was transferred to a special temple built on Nevsky Prospect. The accession to the throne of Catherine II is associated with this St. Petersburg shrine. Paul I, having become emperor in 1796, decides to erect a more worthy temple for the Kazan Icon and announces a design competition, which is won by A. N. Voronikhin, who designed the temple on the model of St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome. The cathedral took 10 years to build and was completed under Alexander I. In 1812, M. I. Kutuzov prayed for the salvation of Russia in front of the miraculous icon, and here, in the Kazan Cathedral, on December 25, 1812, the first service was held thanksgiving prayer for delivering Russia from Napoleon's invasion. IN scary days During the blockade of Leningrad, residents of the besieged city recalled the prophetic words of Bishop Mitrofan and believed that the enemy would not enter the city as long as the protection of the Mother of God extended to it.
On this day, the Orthodox Church also celebrates the memory of three saints of the same name - the righteous Procopius. One is the Great Martyr Procopius - a general Christian saint, the other two are locally revered saints: Procopius, the Fool for Christ, the Wonderworker of Ustyug (canonized at the end of the 15th century), the other is Procopius of Ustyansky (canonized in the 17th century). Both Russian saints are associated with the Russian North, where their cult was very widespread. “There is reason to believe,” says T. A. Bernshtam, “that in consciousness local residents all three Procopius, celebrated on the same day, merged into a single “righteous” image” [Bernshtam, 1995; 253]. It is not surprising that Procopius here somewhat weakened his attention to the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God.
About the righteous Procopius of Ustyug, G.P. Fedotov wrote that he was the first real holy fool in Rus'. “Unfortunately,” the scientist noted, “his life was compiled (XVI century) many generations after his death, which it itself dates back to 1302, placing individual events in either the XII or the XV century. This life brings Procopius to Ustyug from Novgorod and, what is most striking, makes him a German. From a young age he was a rich merchant, “from Western countries, from the Latin language, from the German land." In Novgorod, he learned the true faith in "church decoration", icons, ringing and singing. Having been baptized by Saint Varlaam of Khutyn (anachronism) (Fedorov calls this anachronism, that is, an erroneous attribution of an event to another time, transferring it to the present or a time close to us. - A.N.) and having distributed his property, he “accepts the foolish kin of Christ for the sake of life and violence, shift to violence,” according to the Apostle. From Novgorod, Procopius, through impenetrable forests and swamps, gets to Ustyug, a city that amazed him with “church decoration.” Here he leads a life with which the most severe monastic feats could not be compared: has no roof over his head, sleeps on the ground or on the porch of the cathedral church. He prays secretly, at night, asking for “the well-being of the city and the people." Once, entering the church, he predicted God's wrath on the city of Ustyug. No one listened to the holy fool's calls to repentance, he cried alone for days on the porch. “Only when a terrible cloud came over the city and the earth shook,” everyone ran to the church. “Prayers before the icon of the Mother of God turned away God’s wrath, and a hail of stones broke out twenty miles from Ustyug, where centuries later one could still see the fallen forest” [Fedotov, 259, 260].
A church in the name of Saint Procopius was erected in the Solvychegodsk Boris and Gleb Monastery. There are legends about numerous miracles (mainly healings, restoration of sight, expulsion of demons from the possessed) performed by the icon depicting Procopius of Ustyug— main shrine temple.
The Dvina-Vazhsky watershed, as T. A. Bernshtam found out, was the main place of veneration of Saint Procopius of Ustyansky. In the village of Bestuzhevo, where all the roads in this region converged, there was a cult symbol - the source of Procopius the Righteous (in the upper reaches of the Kodima River, a tributary of the Northern Dvina).
Prokopyev Day in the Russian North was a votive (beer) holiday, covering “the entire range human existence and the welfare of livestock" (Bernstam, 1995; 228].
In most Russian provinces, the day of Summer Kazan was considered a significant holiday. It was celebrated most solemnly and widely in those villages where Kazan was a patronal holiday. Guests came here, young people organized festivities, and the celebration could last for several days.
The punishment for disrespect for the holiday is evidenced by a story recorded in the Mozhaisk district of the Moscow province. In the village of Nikolskoye, the German manager (one of the most ferocious, according to the recollections of the peasants) “drove the peasants to mow down Kazanskaya. The peasants say: “Vasily Romanovich, today is Kazan, a holiday!” - “What a holiday! The holiday is in Kazan,” he replies.
At two o'clock in the afternoon a terrible thunderstorm broke out and hit the prince's barnyard, killing about two hundred cattle on the spot. “Well,” the peasants say, “here’s a holiday for you in Kazan!” Since then, they have never worked in Kazanskaya again” [Eleonskaya, 229].
The hottest time of summer is approaching, literally (weather) and figuratively (work in the field). “We believe,” wrote A. S. Ermolov, “that from this time, along with the harvesting, the most intense summer heat begins” [Ermolov, 1; 373]. In connection with hot days, they joked: They say that in the old days and on Kazanskaya a man froze on the stove.
The day is considered the opening of the harvest season.
The harvest is ripe, and the sickle is sharpened.
Grain in the ear - hurry to reap the strip.
They reap sometimes - they chew in winter.
The harvest is an expensive time, there is no peace for anyone here.
Sweat pours out, but the reaper takes its toll.
Procopius is the reaper, the reaper, he begins the harvest.
Where the veneration of Saint Procopius was great, before the start of the rye harvest they served a prayer service to the saint, slaughtered sheep, and organized worldly treats. In the Vyatka village of Varzha, Luza district, quite recently, old-timers recalled that on the day of Procopius “they went to church with cheeses. There they will be sprinkled and the priest, the deaconess, and the psalm-reader must be cut off. The rest will be put on the grave” [Vyat. Ph. NK, 115].
IN central Russia from Kazan they began to truly prepare for harvesting grain (in Tambov and Voronezh provinces), and in some years they had already begun to harvest rye.
Smolensk women, going to the field for dinner, took with them boiled eggs, bread, salt and lard. Having pressed several sheaves, they separated the first and sat down to eat the food they had brought. To ensure a bountiful harvest, before harvesting the first sheaf, they said: “Become, my sheaf, worth a thousand kopecks!”
In a number of localities, after cutting the first ears of corn, the reaper twisted them and tucked them into her belt, so that, as they said, her back would not hurt, there would be no ache in the lower back - after all, they reaped at an angle, and even in the heat, and this is very hard work. The Vologda reapers, starting the harvest and girded with the first cut ears, uttered a kind of spell: “Just as a blade of grass bends and does not break, so would the back of the servant of God (name) bend and not break and not get tired. Forever and ever, amen!” [Spiritual Council SB, 118].
The first sheaf was given great importance. He was solemnly brought into the house, placed under the icon, he was the first to be placed in the barn, and threshing began with him.
Blueberries are ripe for Kazan.
The blueberry berry is ripe, and so is the rye.
Blueberries are not only a delicacy. Since ancient times, people have used its berries and leaves as an effective medicine, especially for stomach and intestinal disorders, for diabetes, rheumatism and gout.
Centuries of experience have suggested that it is very useful to eat blueberries in large quantities in hot summer time.
Around Prokopiev day in the Tyumen region they began to collect hay into shafts and then dig it up. And from the heaps to form seeds. In the northern provinces, the day of the Kazan Mother of God was considered the beginning of mowing.
The Vyatka farmer considered Prokopyev Day as the middle date between Peter’s Day and Ilyin’s Day: it was separated from the first by 12 days, from the second by 9 days. Based on these dates, the timing of various agricultural works was established:
From Petrov to Prokopyev day, haymaking, from Prokopyev to Ilyin day, sowing of winter crops.
Based on the weather of Prokopius' day, they judged the day of Elijah the prophet: It rained on Procopius and rain on Elijah. Correlating Prokopyev Day with Ilyin, they transferred to it the danger of a thunderstorm that could burn the collected dry hay: Prokopyev Day is an angry holiday: you cannot rake hay [Vyat. Ph. NK, 115]. The peasant could not do without a joke, without playing on the name of the saint: if the rains became frequent at this time, they said: The hole on the stove is wet.
In the Middle Urals, winter rye was also sown between Prokopyev Day and Ilyin Day.
Interestingly, the connection between Procopius and Elijah is found in the beliefs and rules of behavior regarding evil spirits. Siberians, for example, believed that on Prokopyev Day, as well as on Ilyin, people should not swim, since it was at this time that the merman loves to splash and play in his element and does not tolerate being disturbed. You should also not wash clothes on this day (especially rinse them in a river or pond): the water will drag away the guilty ones.
The first compressed sheaf that was brought into the house drove out flies, cockroaches, etc.
The first sheaf enters the house, and the bugs and cockroaches are out!
Flies, bastards, get out! The owner is coming into the house!
Orthodox Christians celebrate the Feast of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God twice a year - in the fall, on November 4, and in the summer, on July 21. This is due to the fact that Our Lady of Kazan is the most revered and beloved holy image in Russia. She is considered the defender of the Russian land and the patroness of all righteous believers. Read on to learn about the history of the origin of the holiday, the peculiarities of the celebration, the creation of a postcard with the image, as well as signs and stories.
The history of the appearance of the holy face
The Kazan icon has interesting story phenomena to the Orthodox. This happened back in 1579. Then Kazan was on fire, the fire destroyed part of the city, leaving ashes behind. A terrible fire left the merchant and his family without a home. When people were left without a roof over their heads, the Mother of God herself came to their nine-year-old daughter Matrona in a dream. She ordered to come to the ashes to pick up her holy image from the ruins. At first, the adults did not believe the child, but the messages began to repeat themselves. The family went to ruins. There they found an icon that was no different from the new image - the fresh and bright colors amazed people. Residents of the city began to pray. They decided to take the image to the church. When the Kazan Icon was transferred, it showed its miraculous power, granting sight to two destitute blind people.
It is still unknown how the face of the Mother of God ended up under the burnt ruins. Presumably, it was buried there by confessors of Christianity who were running away from Tatar invasion. When the fire started, the icon appeared outside.
At the site of the appearance of the Mother of God, Kazan residents built a convent. There the girl Matrona, to whom the Saint turned, was tonsured, as well as her mother.
Within a matter of time, the news of miraculous icon flew around all the cities, they began to pray for her and highly venerate her. By the time the Time of Troubles, wars and revolutions began in Russia, the Kazan Face was considered the main defender. However, the original face has not reached our time; all that is kept in churches are lists. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the icon was stolen for profit and then burned.
The essence of the holiday
The Day of the Icon of the Kazan Mother of God is celebrated on November 4 - this is the date of the appearance of the Most Holy One to Christians in burnt Kazan. However, there is another date that is no less revered by the Orthodox - July 21. Then the holy image helped the Russians to save native land from the invasion of the Poles, who captured Moscow by deception. They burned churches, destroyed shrines, and mocked the Orthodox. Patriarch Hermogenes called on the people to rise up to fight the invaders. From Kazan the defenders were sent the face of the Most Holy Theotokos. People began to fervently pray to the Holy One, fasted, and Russian army won. July 21, 1649 radically changed the course of history. Since then, the icon of the Kazan Mother of God has been especially revered by the people of Russia: people give each other postcards with the image of the Virgin Mary, say warm words, pray for salvation, happiness and healing.
You need to turn to the Kazan Mother of God for a miracle; she will help you make a fateful decision and protect you during any disaster. The Mother of God covers the person asking with a light veil, protecting him. You can only come to the Virgin Mary with an open heart and clear thoughts. Then the Christian will receive what he asks for. It is also recommended to carry postcards with the image of Our Lady of the Protector.
Signs and traditions
With the holiday of the Kazan icon, new rituals and signs came into the life of Orthodox Christians. At two solemn day Believers always went to church with the whole family, where they asked the Intercessor for protection, protection and guidance. The congratulations were celebrated on a grand scale: after church service people made a religious procession - with the faces of the Mother of God they walked around cities and villages. This process symbolized protection from adversity and troubled times. Today Christians do not go into passages, but limit themselves to walking along the main streets of the city. Some believers simply send postcards with the holy image to their relatives and friends.
In ancient times, the Mother of God was considered exclusively a female protector. Therefore, there were many rituals that women had to do during these days. For example, taking care of your beauty. It was believed that it was necessary to pick a birch leaf on the feast of the Kazan Mother of God. The main condition is that it is already covered with frost. You should bring it home and look at it like in a mirror. It was believed that in this way the woman would become even more beautiful and would not age.
The holiday was considered an excellent time for marriages and weddings. According to legends, new family created during this period will be happy. Those who wanted to unite their destinies before God tried to time the celebration to coincide with autumn holiday. This promised a cloudless life.
Church ministers recommend that those who want to find peace and receive support should always celebrate the triumph of the icon of Our Lady of Kazan. It is worth sending postcards with the face of the Holy One to your family and friends, and praying for their health.
November 4 (October 22, old style) at Orthodox Church The celebration of the Most Holy Theotokos was established in honor of Her icon, called "Kazan".
The feast of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God is celebrated twice a year - on July 21 (July 8, old style) - in memory of the appearance of the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos in Kazan - and on November 4 (October 22, old style), in gratitude for the deliverance of Moscow and all of Russia from the invasion Poles in 1612
The Kazan Icon of the Mother of God is one of the most revered in Russia. Of the many icons of the Mother of God venerated in the Russian Orthodox Church, not one is distributed in as many lists as the Kazan icon. She was found in Kazan on July 8, 1579. According to legend, the nine-year-old girl Matrona saw the Most Holy Theotokos three times in a dream, who showed her the place under the ruins of the house where Her miraculous image was located. The girl told the local priest Ermolai about this vision, and the icon was indeed found in the indicated place.
The end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th centuries are known in Russian history as the Time of Troubles. An interregnum began in the country, accompanied by various lawlessness, robberies, murders and unrest. At the same time, Russia was attacked by Polish troops, who managed to capture Moscow by deception. By call His Holiness Patriarch Hermogenes, who at that time led the fight for the preservation of Russian statehood and was ideological inspirer Russian militia, the Russian people stood up to defend their homeland.
With the blessing of Patriarch Hermogenes, a recently acquired icon of the Most Holy Theotokos (most likely, according to experts, a copy of the original) was delivered from Kazan to help the defenders of Russia. The Kazan squads that joined the militia brought with them a copy of the Kazan miraculous icon, which was handed over to Prince Demetrius in Yaroslavl. It became the main shrine of the militia.
In March 1612, the Russian militia under the leadership of Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky set off with the Shrine on a liberation campaign against Moscow, which was occupied by Polish troops. Russian troops experienced enormous difficulties: internal hostility, lack of weapons and food.
In October, after a long siege of Kitay-Gorod, it was decided to take it by storm, and a prayer service was served in front of the Kazan Icon. The entire people and militia imposed a three-day fast on themselves and prayerfully turned to the Lord and His Most Pure Mother for heavenly help.
According to legend, on the same night, the Greek Archbishop Arseny (later Bishop of Suzdal), imprisoned in the Kremlin, appeared in a dream Venerable Sergius Radonezh and reported that “through the intercession of the Mother of God, the Judgment of God for the Fatherland has been transferred to mercy, and Russia will be saved.”
Inspired by such news, Russian troops liberated Kitai-Gorod on October 22 (November 4, new style), 1612, and five days later the Poles, tortured by hunger in the Kremlin, surrendered.
On October 25, Russian squads and residents of Moscow, in gratitude for their deliverance from enemies, solemnly, with a procession of the Cross, went to the Kremlin, carrying the miraculous Kazan icon, sacred banners and other Moscow shrines. At Lobnoye Place the procession of the Cross was greeted by Archbishop Arseny, who emerged from the Kremlin, carrying Vladimir icon The Virgin Mary, preserved by him in captivity.
In memory of the deliverance of Moscow from the Poles, by order of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich and the blessing of his father, Metropolitan, later Patriarch Philaret, the Church established annually on October 22 (November 4 in the new style) a special celebration in Moscow of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God with a procession of the cross. . At first, this celebration took place only in Moscow, but since 1649, by order of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, local celebrations - Kazan on July 21 (July 8, old style) and Moscow on November 4 (October 22, old style) - became all-Russian.
After the expulsion of the Poles from Moscow, Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, according to the Nikon Chronicle, placed the holy Kazan icon in his parish church of the Entry into the Temple of the Blessed Virgin Mary on Lubyanka in Moscow. In 1620, the Kazan Cathedral was erected on Red Square. The holy icon, which was in Pozharsky's troops during the liberation of Moscow, was transferred to the new church.
After the fire of 1635, instead of a wooden cathedral, a stone one was built at the expense of the first Tsar of the Romanov dynasty, Mikhail Fedorovich, and consecrated in 1636.
In 1930, the Kazan Cathedral was closed, and in 1936 it was demolished.
In 1990-1993 The Kazan Cathedral in Moscow was restored. The main altar of the cathedral was consecrated in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God.
The material was prepared based on information from open sources
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