Find out everything important about the gibbon, look at photos of the gibbon and learn about life
gibbons in nature, you can, after reading this article about the family of primates,
called gibbons, which currently has 17
species.
About the appearance of gibbons
Depending on the species, gibbons are small or
larger, the color of their coat also depends on their habitat and specific
kind. On average, gibbons weigh from 4 to 13 kilograms. Their length
body can range from 45 to 90 centimeters.
Photo: Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) is the only gibbon species that has throat resonator sacs.
Gibbons have a slender, lean build, unlike many others.
Monkeys are distinguished by the absence of a tail. These primates are one of the most
progressive in their squad.
These mammals have 32 teeth in their mouths, just like humans. Besides,
What “makes us” similar to gibbons is the presence of blood groups II, III, IV (in gibbons
only group I is missing).
White-handed gibbons, or lars (Hylobates lar).
All 16 species of this family have a body covered with thick hair.
cover. Gibbons have only their palms, face and ischial calluses without hair.
Absolutely all gibbons have black skin. As for wool shades,
then it is often either plain (dark) or with small marks
light shades. However, some species also have light fur.
The limbs of gibbons vary greatly in length: the hind ones are much shorter than the front ones. By the way, the “arms” of these primates are much longer than the body (almost twice!), which is why they easily rest on their palms while standing upright. Unlike other monkeys, gibbons prefer “upright walking,” even when they are at a great height (somewhere on a tree).
Types of gibbons
Kampuchean gibbon (Hylobates pileatus).
The gibbon family has 4 genera, including 17 species known to modern science.
Silver gibbon (Hylobates moloch)
White-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar)
Kampuchean gibbon (Hylobates pileatus)
Muller's gibbon (Hylobates muelleri)
Black-handed gibbon (Hylobates agilis)
Nomascus hainanus
Dwarf gibbon (Hylobates klossii)
White-bearded gibbon (Hylobates albibarbis)
Western hoolock
Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus)
Eastern black crested gibbon (Nomascus nasutus)
White-cheeked crested gibbon (Nomascus leucogenys)
Nomascus annamensis
Yellow-cheeked crested gibbon (Nomascus gabriellae)
Black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor)
Nomascus siki
Eastern Hoolock leuconedys
Where do gibbons live?
Gibbons do not know how to drink; they dip their hands into the water and lick the moisture from their wet fur.
Absolutely all types of gibbons live in the Asian region. Their homeland is the forests of India, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and even China. When choosing places to live, these monkeys prefer dense, humid forests. Some species, however, climb mountains, but not higher than 2000 meters above sea level.
Gibbons are active exclusively during the daytime. Scientists who have carefully studied the lifestyle of white-handed gibbons have come to the conclusion that these primates are capable, no less, of organizing their daily routine. In their daily schedule there are strictly designated times for eating, for rest, for caring for themselves and their offspring, for communicating with relatives, for sleeping, etc.
What do gibbons eat?
These monkeys prefer plant foods. Mainly,
choose juicy leaves, but can “season” them with nuts, flowers or
delicious fruits (bananas, rambutans). But among the family there are
carnivorous gibbons, they feed on bird eggs and sometimes even chicks,
although most often they eat insects.
http://animalreader.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/krik-samki-gibbona.mp3
All gibbons are very mobile creatures. They love group games with
brothers. Gibbons quickly get used to people, and also willingly go to
contact with other animal species. They are rarely aggressive or
evil, contrary to popular belief.
When it comes to choosing partners, gibbons are monogamous. They
They prefer to live in pairs or families (male, female and their offspring). IN
In nature, gibbons live about 25 years, but one day a representative of this
family lived to the age of 50!
The birth of a baby from a pair of gibbons is a rare event, because the baby
is born once every 3 or even 4 years. Caring parents
keep the baby close to them for the first three years of life, all this time the mother
feeds him milk.
Gibbon conservation
A family pair of black crested gibbons (Nomascus concolor).
“Thanks” to people, huge populations of these animals are completely
unscrupulously, forcibly evicted from their usual places
a habitat. It is therefore not surprising that some species are now in
The International Red Book has the status of “endangered” or “endangered” species.
Some of the rarest gibbons include the black-handed gibbon, Kloss's gibbon, and
also white-handed gibbon.
And it is unknown how many other species may find themselves in a similar situation,
if people do not stop mercilessly conquering every piece of Earth for the sake of
only profit and own gain.
Type: Chordata
Class: Mammals
Squad: Primates
Family: Gibbons
Size: from 44 to 64 cm
Weight: from 4 to 13 kg
Lifespan: 25 to 30 years in the wild, up to 40 years in captivity
Nutrition: omnivores, feed mainly on fruits and young leaves; they also eat insects, bird eggs and small vertebrates.
Accommodation Range: Malay Peninsula, Indonesia (Sumatra), Thailand
Habitat: rainforests
Age of puberty: from 5 to 7 years
Gestation period: from 7 to 7.5 months
Number of cubs: one
Most gibbon subspecies eat only fruit.
Gibbons are tailless monkeys with glossy black hair on their bodies. They often have white markings on the face, arms and legs.
Gibbons have strong, hook-shaped hands that they use to
grip, unusually large hands (for all gibbon species), more
size than their legs.
The shoulders of gibbons are folded in such a way that they allow them to move on
hands along branches for long distances. They can reach speed
up to fifty-six kilometers per hour.
Gibbons defend their territory with daily singing rituals that
start around nine o'clock in the morning and last about an hour. These are loud
the songs can be heard two to three kilometers away.
Gibbons eat at least one hundred and sixty species of plants, their favorite
food is fruit and rice. However, they sometimes feed on insects,
bird eggs and small vertebrates.
Gibbons are monogamous and are one of the few primate species that
create a unique pair for life. They live in a family that
consist of four to six individuals.
A gibbon troop consists of a dominant male, a dominant female,
cubs, as well as less dominant individuals. The last ones leave the pack
at the age of eight.
The gibbon rests 50% of its waking time. Typically they use
a tall tree for this purpose, on the branches of which they lie on their stomach or on
back.
Gibbons have highly developed brains, like all other primates.
For adult gibbons, grooming is an important social ritual. They spend up to fifteen minutes on it every day.
The gestation period for female gibbons ranges from seven to seven seconds.
half a month. A female gibbon gives birth every two to three years. For the whole
She rarely gives birth more than ten times in her life.
Gibbon cubs are born with soft, sparse hair and weigh extremely little.
Gibbon cubs are weaned after they are one year old, but they
stay with their mother until they are five years old. Then
they start their own family.
The male gibbon takes great care of the cub after it is more than eight months old.
Gibbons cannot swim and avoid water.
Each pair of gibbons creates their own unique song that they sing together.
Gibbons have been listed as endangered
International Union for Conservation of Nature. Their survival is directly related to
preserving their natural habitat.
Gibbon is a small monkey. The closest relatives of this primate are the gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan and bonobo. There are 15 species of gibbons that can be found in Southeast Asia (China, India, Burma, Malay Peninsula, Borneo).
The gibbon lives in dense jungles and tropical forests. The number of gibbons in the wild is very low due to accelerated deforestation and poaching. Gibbons are often sold as pets. In addition, their body parts are used in traditional Asian medicine. All but one gibbon species is in danger of extinction or extinction.
Interesting facts about gibbons:
Gibbons are small and light monkeys. They can reach 17 to 25 inches in length and weigh between 9 and 29 pounds. Males are slightly larger than females.
The color of the fur depends on the species. It can be light brown, dark brown or black shades.
The gibbon has very long arms, flexible shoulders and strong legs that facilitate movement in the treetops.
Gibbons are arboreal animals (they spend their entire lives in trees).
They move by jumping from one branch to another. Four fingers on their hands form a “hook”, which ensures reliable grip of the branches. This unique mode of movement is also known as “brachiating.”
The gibbon can jump a distance of 50 feet at a speed of 35 miles per hour after a single swing. The gibbon is the fastest non-flying arboreal mammal.
The gibbon walks using only its legs (bipedal gait). Hands are used for balancing. They walk on two legs both on the ground and in trees.
Gibbons avoid water because they don't swim.
Gibbons are diurnal animals (active during the day). They sleep in trees, in an upright position. They don't build houses. Instead, they use forked branches as beds.
Gibbons are omnivores (they eat both plants and animals). Their diet consists mainly of fruits, but they also feed on various types of seeds, shoots, flowers and insects.
Gibbons live in family groups consisting of a breeding pair and their offspring. Gibbons are monogamous (one mate for life) and they form very strong bonds with their family members. Kinship plays an important role in their social life.
Gibbons are territorial animals that typically live in areas ranging from 25 to 40 hectares. They desperately protect their home from competitors.
Gibbons are very smart animals. They can recognize themselves in the mirror. In addition, they can communicate through various sounds, especially so-called "songs". "Songs" usually last from 10 to 30 minutes and are performed by both males and females. The main purpose of a "song" is to announce the presence of a group in a certain area.
The white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) lives in Indochina, Thailand, Sumatra and Malacca. Its white hands and feet contrast greatly with the very dark rest of its limbs. The black-handed or fast gibbon (Hylobates agilis) from the island of Sumatra has black limbs and the whole body, with a white stripe on the forehead.
The silver gibbon, or "wow-wow" (Hylobates moloch), from the islands of Java and Kalimantan has a highly variable hair color - from black to silver-gray, on the forehead there is a pale superciliary stripe, on the top and chest there are dark tones. The hoolock gibbon (Hylobates hoolock) of Assam and Burma is the largest of the common gibbons. The cubs are gray at birth and then their coat gradually changes to black. After reaching sexual maturity, the female becomes brownish, while the male remains black with a white supercilium.
The black or one-color gibbon (Hylobates concolor), living in Vietnam, Laos and the island of Hainan, unlike the other five species, has a crest of hair sticking up on the top of its head, which in males lengthens in the middle of the crown, and in females - on the sides tops of heads. It is often called the crested gibbon. The black gibbon has a naked throat resonator sac. The Kloss gibbon (Hylobates Klossii) from the Mentawai Islands (west of Sumatra) is covered with black hair that is less dense than other species; he has a halo of white hair around his black face. This species has small skin membranes between the second and third, third and fourth toes.
Gibbons live in tropical rain and mountain (up to 2 thousand m above sea level) forests. They do not nest at night and sleep in dense foliage in the middle part of trees. At dawn, gibbons climb to the treetops and begin their morning concerts, which last about two hours. The whole family takes part in the singing. It's a real melody that starts on E, moves up to a full octave, and then into trills. Neighboring groups join in the singing of one family. Evening concerts are less common.
After singing, the family goes down and begins to walk around their territory. Gibbons use their fingers and teeth to peel the skin off the fruit and select the best parts. Sometimes they eat bird eggs and chicks. If an old individual lives in a group and is unable to obtain food for itself, other members of the family take care of it and bring food. Gibbons drink from springs (dip their hands into the water and lick it off their fur). After satiation, gibbons return to their tree and spend time resting and playing. They do not have quarrels over food, they look after and carefully search each other, and are very clean. Males do not show aggression.
Pregnancy in gibbons lasts 210 days. One cub is born, usually at two- and three-year intervals. The cub is born with an almost naked body, and the mother warms it by carrying it on her stomach. The cub depends on the mother for up to two years, reaching sexual maturity at 7-10 years. Young sexually mature males and females, having met, spend 2-3 weeks playing and courting each other. Then, as attachment increases, they leave their families and look for unoccupied trees in the forest.
Both in the wild and in captivity, young gibbons spend a lot of time playing; In zoos they observed games of blind man's buff and cat and mouse. In captivity, their lifespan can reach 30 years. These are friendly animals and easily get along with other animals. The Klossov gibbon and one subspecies of the white-handed gibbon are listed in the International Red Book.
Mostly gibbons live in Southeast Asia. Previously, their distribution area was much wider, but human influence has significantly reduced it. It can be found in dense tropical forests, as well as in thickets of trees on mountain slopes, but not higher than 2,000 meters.
Features of the physical structure of representatives of the species include the absence of a tail and a greater length of the forelimbs in relation to the body than in other primates. Thanks to their strong long arms and low-rooted thumb on their hands, gibbons can move between trees with great speed, swinging on branches.
On photo of gibbons From the Internet you can find a wide variety of colors, however, such diversity is often achieved through the use of filters and effects.
In life there are three color options - black, gray and brown. The size depends on whether the individual belongs to a particular subspecies. Thus, the smallest gibbon in adulthood has a height of about 45 cm and a weight of 4-5 kg; larger subspecies reach a height of 90 cm, and accordingly, the weight also increases.
Character and lifestyle of the gibbon
During daylight hours, gibbons are most active. They quickly move between trees, swinging on long forelimbs and jumping from branch to branch up to 3 meters long. Thus, their speed of movement is up to 15 km/h.
Monkeys rarely descend to the ground. But, if this happens, the manner of their movement is very comical - they stand on their hind legs and walk, balancing with their front legs. Established monogamous couples live with their children on their own territory, which they jealously guard.
Early in the morning monkey gibbons They climb the highest tree and notify all the other primates with a loud song that this area is occupied. There are specimens that, for certain reasons, do not have a territory or family. Most often these are young males who leave parental care in search of life partners.
An interesting fact is that if grown-up males do not leave their parental territory on their own, they are expelled by force. Thus, a young male can wander through the forest for several years until he meets his chosen one, only then they occupy an empty area together and raise their offspring there.
It is noteworthy that adult individuals of some subspecies occupy and protect territories for their future offspring, where a young male can bring a female for a further, now independent, life.
Pictured is a white-handed gibbon
There is information about existing among white-handed gibbons a strict daily routine followed by almost all monkeys without exception. At dawn, between 5-6 am, they wake up and wake up from sleep.
Immediately after the rise, the primate goes to the highest point of his area in order to remind everyone else that the territory is occupied and should not be interfered with. Only then does the gibbon perform its morning toilet, clean itself up after sleep, begin to make active movements and set off along the tree branches.
This path usually leads to a fruit tree already favored by the monkey, where the primate enjoys a hearty breakfast. Eating is done slowly, the gibbon savors every piece of the juicy fruit. Then, at a slower speed, the primate goes to one of its resting places in order to relax.
Pictured is a black gibbon
There he basks in the nest, lying almost motionless, enjoying satiety, warmth and life in general. Having had plenty of rest, the gibbon cleans its fur, combs it, and slowly puts itself in order in order to proceed to its next meal.
At the same time, lunch takes place on a different tree - why eat the same thing if you live in a tropical forest? Primates know their own territory and its hot spots well. Over the next couple of hours, she again savors the juicy fruits, fills her stomach and, heavy, goes to her place of sleep.
As a rule, a day's rest and two meals take up the gibbon's entire day; having reached the nest, he goes to bed so that tomorrow, with renewed vigor, he will notify the area that the territory is occupied by a fearless and strong primate.
Gibbon nutrition
The main food products of the gibbon are juicy fruits, shoots and leaves of trees. However, some gibbons do not disdain insects, eggs of birds nesting in their trees, and even chicks. Primates carefully explore their territory and know where this or that fruit can be found.
Reproduction and life expectancy of the gibbon
As mentioned above, gibbons form monogamous pairs in which the parents live together with the offspring until the young are ready to start families of their own. Taking into account the fact that sexual maturity occurs in primates at 6-10 years of age, the family usually consists of children and parents of different ages.
Sometimes they are joined by old primates who, for some reason, remained alone. Most gibbons, having lost a partner, can no longer find a new one, so they while away the rest of their lives without a mate. Sometimes this is quite a long period, since gibbons live up to 25-30 years.
Representatives of the same community know each other, sleep and eat together, take care of each other. Grown-up primates help the mother look after the babies. Also, from the example of adults, children learn correct behavior. A couple has a new baby every 2-3 years. Immediately after birth, he wraps his long arms around his mother's waist and holds on tightly to her.
Pictured is a white-cheeked gibbon
This is not surprising, because even with a baby in her arms, the female moves in the same way - she swings strongly and jumps from branch to branch at a great height. The male also takes care of the young, but often this care consists only of guarding and defending the territory. Despite the fact that gibbons live in forests full of fierce predators, it is humans who have caused the most harm to these animals. The number of primates is significantly declining due to a decrease in the area of their usual habitats.
Forests are cut down and gibbons have to leave their habitats in search of new ones, which is not so easy to do. In addition, recently there has been a tendency to keep these wild animals at home. You can buy a gibbon in specialized nurseries. Price per gibbon varies depending on the age and subspecies of the individual.
Gibbons(lat. Hylobates) is a genus of anthropoid primates living in Southeast Asia. One of four genera of the gibbon family. Previously it was the only genus in this family, but recently Nomascus, Siamang and Khuloki were also included in the category of genera. Gibbons are the most diverse and widespread of the gibbon genus, found from southern China (Yunnan) to Western and Central Java. Members of this genus have 44 chromosomes and often have a ring of white fur around the face.
There are a large number of monkeys who have good tenacious hands and developed brains. They are distinguished from humans by the presence of a grasping and tenacious tail, body structure, lower level of intelligence, as well as the lifestyle they lead. One of the most amazing monkeys is gibbon, spending a significant part of its life on a tree, at a height of more than ten meters. He comes to earth only to find food.
Interestingly, this monkey, having a large body weight, can cover a distance of 3.5 meters in one jump, which is almost seven times the length of a human jump. This is facilitated by the long forelimbs, which the gibbon uses like a pendulum. Before each jump, he extends his arms forward, thereby giving them additional momentum. By the way, his forelimbs are much longer than his hind limbs.
It is also curious that the gibbon can sing in a high, clear tone. According to scientists, this is the only animal that can sing, and not just make sounds. The gibbon usually sings in the morning, immediately after waking up from sleep, along with his relatives, this is how he protects his territory. His evening concerts happen less often.
Another interesting fact is that the cub of this animal is born 210 days after conception, practically naked, its weight is very small. Mom carries him on her stomach, warming him with her body, for almost two years. After another five years, the child becomes sexually mature and finds a permanent mate. He will create a family once and for the rest of his life.
Gibbon monkeys, whose interesting facts are so varied, do not like to swim and avoid water in every possible way. They eat mainly plants (more than 160 species), although they also do not refuse insects, bird eggs and small vertebrates.
Most gibbon subspecies eat only fruit.
Gibbons are tailless monkeys with glossy black hair on their bodies. They often have white markings on the face, arms and legs. Gibbons have strong, hook-shaped hands that they use for gripping, unusually large hands (for all gibbon species), larger in size than their feet. The shoulders of gibbons are folded in such a way that they allow them to move on their hands along branches over long distances. They can reach speeds of up to fifty-six kilometers per hour.
Gibbons defend their territory with daily singing rituals that begin around nine o'clock in the morning and last for about an hour. These loud songs can be heard two to three kilometers away. Gibbons eat at least one hundred and sixty types of plants, their favorite foods being fruits and rice. However, they sometimes feed on insects, bird eggs and small vertebrates.
Gibbons are monogamous, one of the few primate species that form a single pair for life. They live in families that consist of four to six individuals. A gibbon troop consists of a dominant male, a dominant female, cubs, and less dominant individuals. The latter leave the pack when they are eight years old.
The gibbon rests 50% of its waking time. As a rule, they use a tall tree for this purpose, on the branches of which they lie on their stomachs or on their backs. Gibbons have highly developed brains, like all other primates.
For adult gibbons, grooming is an important social ritual. They spend up to fifteen minutes on it every day.
Gibbon cubs are weaned after they are one year old, but they remain with their mother until they are five years old. Then they start their own family. The male gibbon takes great care of the cub after it is more than eight months old.
Each pair of gibbons creates their own unique song that they sing together.
Gibbons have been listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Their survival is directly related to the preservation of their natural habitat.
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