Despite the fact that Australia is the smallest continent on the planet, it surprises with the diversity of its nature. The change in the balance of moisture and heat depends on the latitude of the area. This is manifested in the conditional division of the continent into territories with characteristic soil types, animals and plants - the natural zones of Australia.
Division of the continent into natural complexes
Australia is divided into four zones, which replace each other depending on the ratio of humidity and heat. The pronounced latitudinal zonation is due to the predominant flat terrain, which only in the east turns into mountain slopes.
The central position on the Australian continent is occupied by a zone of deserts and semi-deserts located in the tropical zone. It occupies half of all Australian lands.
Table Natural areas of Australia
|
Natural areas |
Climate type |
Typical representatives of the flora |
Typical representatives of the fauna |
|
Permanently wet forests |
tropical monsoon |
eucalyptus ferns |
tiger cat |
|
Evergreen hardleaf forests |
Subtropical (Mediterranean) |
low growing eucalyptus |
Dingo dog various types of lizards and snakes |
|
Savannas and woodlands |
Subequatorial and tropical |
casuarinas |
ostrich Emu |
|
Deserts and semi-deserts |
Tropical (continental) |
cereals and herbs blackbeard |
snakes and lizards ostrich Emu |
A characteristic feature of Australia is the amazing originality of nature, which consists of a large number of endemic species, both among plants and among animals. Only on this continent can you find unusual representatives of flora and fauna that are not found anywhere else in the world.
Features of natural complexes
In Australia, the most impressive zone is the desert and semi-desert zone - it occupies the largest territory and is located in the tropical zone.
This natural complex is characterized by very scanty precipitation, which evaporates very quickly in a hot climate. It is not surprising that Australia is often called the desert continent, because there are 5 large desert areas:
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- Victoria - the largest desert on the Australian continent, occupies 424 thousand square meters. km.
- sandy desert - the second largest wasteland. The famous Australian Ayres Rock National Park is located here, attracting tourists from all over the world.
- Tanami - unlike most deserts, it is characterized by a sufficient number of rainy days. However, due to the intense heat, precipitation evaporates very quickly. Gold mining is underway in the desert.
- Gibson Desert - its soils are highly weathered and very rich in iron.
- Desert Simpson - the driest Australian desert, famous for its bright red sands
Rice. 1. Red Sands of the Simpson Desert
The vegetation of this zone is very poor, but here you can also find drought-resistant cereals and herbs, and salt-tolerant varieties of trees.
Animals in desert zones have been able to adapt to life in harsh conditions. Some of them, hiding from the heat, burrow into the soil: marsupial species of rats, moles, and jerboas. Reptiles hide in rocks and rock crevices. Large mammals such as the Dingo dog and kangaroo run vast distances in search of moisture and food.
As you move east, the zone of tropical deserts gives way to a zone of savannas. The flora of this natural complex is already somewhat richer, but here too there is still an insufficient amount of moisture.
There are three types of Australian savannas, which replace each other as humidity decreases:
- deserted;
- typical;
- wet.
The Australian savanna is a large flat area with grasses, thorny bushes and isolated trees or groves of acacias, eucalyptus, and casuarinas.
Rice. 2. Casuarina - a plant typical of Australia
Typical representatives of the Australian savannah are all kinds of marsupials and wombats. Birds are represented by bustards, emus, and budgerigars. There are a lot of termites.
In the wild of Australia you will not find herbivorous ungulates. They were “replaced” by kangaroos, numbering more than 60 species. These animals are record holders for speed running and jumping. The kangaroo, like the emu, is the national symbol of Australia.
Rice. 3. Australian Kangaroo
In the east of the continent there is a mountain system - the Great Watershed Range, on the slopes of which there are two forest zones:
- evergreen forests;
- permanently wet forests.
Palm trees, ferns, ficus, and eucalyptus trees grow here in great abundance. The fauna of these zones is somewhat richer and is represented by small predators, various species of reptiles, koalas, platypuses, and echidnas.
What have we learned?
We learned which natural zone is dominant on the mainland - tropical deserts and semi-deserts. It gives way to savannas and open forests, which smoothly transform into the zone of evergreen and constantly wet forests. A characteristic feature of Australian nature is the presence of a large number of endemic plants and animals.
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The exceptional originality and antiquity of the flora and fauna of Australia is explained by its long isolation. Most plant (75%) and animal (90%) species in Australia are endemic, i.e. they are not found anywhere else in the world. Among the animals there are few mammals, but species extinct on other continents have survived, including marsupials (about 160 species) (see Fig. 66 on p. 140). Typical representatives of the Australian flora are eucalyptus (600 species), acacia (490 species) and casuarina. The mainland has not given the world valuable cultivated plants.
Australia is located in four geographical zones - from subequatorial to temperate. The change in natural zones is due to changes in temperatures and precipitation patterns. The flat nature of the relief contributes to a well-defined latitudinal zonality, which is disrupted only in the east. The main part of the continent lies in tropical latitudes, so tropical deserts and semi-deserts, occupying half the area of the continent, are most developed.
Rice. 66. Endemic animals of Australia: 1 - kangaroo; 2 - frilled lizard; 3 - emu; 4 - koalas; 5 - platypus; 6 - echidna
Natural areas
In the subequatorial and tropical geographical zones, significant territories are occupied by savannah And woodlands . The zone arcs across the Carpentarian Plain and the Central Lowland. There are wet, typical and desert savannas, developing respectively on red, red-brown and red-brown soils. In subequatorial latitudes they replace each other from north to south, and in tropical latitudes - from east to west as moisture decreases. The Australian savanna is an open space of grassy cover of bearded vulture, alang-alang, with individual trees or groves of eucalyptus, acacia, casuarina and moisture-storing baobab Gregory ("bottle tree"). In the interior regions, thickets of low-growing thorny bushes with small leathery foliage appear - scrubs, consisting of drought-resistant species of acacias, eucalyptus and casuarinas (Fig. 67).
An integral part of the Australian savannas are marsupials - kangaroos (red, gray, hare, wallaby), wombats. Typical large flightless birds are the emu, cassowary, and Australian bustard. Budgerigars breed their chicks in eucalyptus woodlands. Termite buildings - termite mounds - are ubiquitous.
There are a total of 60 species of kangaroos in Australia. In nature, they “replace” absent herbivorous ungulates. Kangaroo cubs are born tiny and immediately move into their mother's pouch - a fold of skin on her abdomen, where they spend the next 6-8 months, feeding on milk. The weight of an adult kangaroo can reach 90 kg with a height of up to 1.6 m. Kangaroos are record holders in jumping: the length of their jumps reaches 10-12 m, and they can reach speeds of up to 50 km/h. The kangaroo, along with the emu, are depicted as national symbols on the coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Australia.
Rice. 67. Acacia scrub Fig. 68. Spinifex desert brown soils
The central parts of the continent in two geographical zones (tropical and subtropical) occupy deserts and semi-deserts . Australia is rightly called the continent of deserts(Great Sandy Desert, Great Victoria Desert, Gibson Desert, etc.). On the Western Australian Plateau, in a tropical continental climate, tropical deserts and semi-deserts dominate. In rocky and sandy semi-deserts, light forests of casuarinas stretch along river beds. In the depressions of clayey semi-deserts there are thickets of quinoa and salt-tolerant species of acacias and eucalyptus trees. Deserts are characterized by “cushions” of the spinifex bushy grass (Fig. 68). The soils of semi-deserts are gray soils; desert soils are primitive rocky, clayey or sandy.
In the south of the mainland in the subtropics, deserts and semi-deserts occupy the Nullarbor Plain (“treeless”) and the Murray-Darling Lowland. They are formed under subtropical continental climate conditions on brown semi-desert and gray-brown soils. Against the background of dry rare grasses there is wormwood and solyanka; there is no tree and shrub vegetation.
Animals of deserts and semi-deserts are adapted to life in conditions of high temperatures and low amounts of moisture. Some burrow underground, like the marsupial mole, marsupial jerboa, and kangaroo rat. Others, like the kangaroo and the dingo, are able to travel long distances in search of food and water. Lizards (moloch, frilled lizard) and the most poisonous land snake, the taipan, hide from the heat in the crevices of the rocks.
On the windward moistened slopes of the Great Dividing Range in four geographical zones (subequatorial, tropical, subtropical, temperate) zones have formed variable-humid forests . The northeastern edge of the continent in a monsoon climate is occupied by subequatorial variable-humid forests. Palm trees, pandanus, ficus, and tree ferns grow in them on red-yellow ferrallite soils.
South of 20°S w. they are replaced by rich evergreen tropical forests on red soils and yellow soils, formed in a humid tropical climate. In addition to evergreen trees intertwined with vines and epiphytes (ficus, palm trees, southern beeches, silver tree), conifers appear - Australian cedar and Australian araucaria.
In the southeast of the mainland and the north of the island. In Tasmania, they are replaced by subtropical variable-humid forests. On mountain brown forest soils, mixed forests of eucalyptus, southern beech, podocarpus, agathis and araucaria grow. On the dry leeward slopes of the Great Dividing Range they give way to eucalyptus open forests. Temperate forests occupy only the extreme south of the island. Tasmania.
Eucalyptus is one of the symbols of the Australian continent. Its leaves, positioned edge-on to the sunlight, form a shadow-free crown. The powerful root system of the tree is capable of drawing water from a depth of 30 m, so eucalyptus trees are planted to drain waterlogged areas all over the world. The fast-growing eucalyptus is used not only in woodworking, but also in medicine thanks to its essential oils.
In the extreme southwest of the continent, in a Mediterranean climate, the zone is widespread dry hard-leaved forests and shrubs . Eucalyptus forests with xanthorea (“grass tree”) grow on yellow soils and red soils; towards the center of the continent they are replaced by scrubs.
The fauna of Australian forests is richer. This is the kingdom of marsupials: tree kangaroo, marsupial squirrel, marsupial bear (koala), marsupial marten (cuscus). “Living fossils” found refuge in the forests - the platypus and the echidna. The world of forest birds is diverse: lyrebird, bird of paradise, cockatoos, weed chickens, kookaburras. Lots of snakes and lizards (methyst python, giant monitor lizard). Narrow-snouted crocodiles lie in wait for prey in rivers. In the 20th century The marsupial wolf was completely exterminated.
Ecological problems
During colonization in Australia, about 40% of all forests were cleared, with tropical rainforests suffering the most. Deforestation has resulted in depletion of vegetation cover, soil degradation and changes in animal habitats. Rabbits brought by the colonists also caused damage to the local fauna. As a result, more than 800 species of animals have become extinct over the past 500 years.
Global warming is having an increasing impact on the continent's nature. Due to decreased rainfall, droughts and forest fires have become more frequent. Rivers with a constant flow have become shallow, and rivers that are drying up have ceased to fill even during the rainy season. This has led to the encroachment of deserts onto savannas - desertification, aggravated by overgrazing, which affects 90 million hectares of land. In the areas of the “wheat-sheep belt”, land use is difficult due to salinization and soil erosion.
The most acute problem in Australia is the scarcity of water resources. Previously, it was solved by pumping groundwater from numerous wells. But currently a decrease in water level in artesian basins has been recorded. The depletion of groundwater reserves, along with a decrease in river flows, has exacerbated water shortages in Australia, forcing the implementation of water conservation programs.
One of the ways to preserve nature is to create specially protected natural areas. They occupy 11% of the continent's area. One of the most visited national parks is Kosciuszko in the Australian Alps. In the north there is one of the world's largest parks - Kakadu, where not only wetlands that serve as habitat for many endemic birds are protected, but also caves with Aboriginal rock art. The Blue Mountains Park protects stunning mountain landscapes with a variety of eucalyptus forests. The nature of deserts (parks) is also taken under protection Great Victoria Desert, Simpson-Desert). The giant red sandstone monolith Ayers Rock, sacred to the Aboriginal people, is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Uluru-Katayuta Park (Fig. 69). The fabulous world of corals is protected in an underwater park Great Barrier Reef.
The Great Barrier Reef has the greatest diversity of corals on the planet (up to 500 species). In addition to coastal pollution and poaching, the threat is posed by the polyp-eating crown-of-thorns starfish. Rising ocean temperatures due to global warming are causing coral bleaching and death.
Bibliography
1. Geography 8th grade. Textbook for the 8th grade of general secondary education institutions with Russian as the language of instruction / Edited by Professor P. S. Lopukh - Minsk “People's Asveta” 2014
The most arid central regions of the continent occupy the largest areas of Australia. There are a variety of terrain types here, from shifting sands, salt marshes, gravelly rocky areas to thorny forests. However, two groups dominate: 1) acacia formation Mulga-scrub; 2) formation dominated by spinifex grass, or triodni. The latter dominates the most deserted central regions.
Acacia shrub and low-growing (3-5 m) tree-shrub deserts and semi-deserts are similar in nature to the dry thorny woodlands of Somalia or the Kalahari on the African continent. The northern variants of these groups, with a short summer wet period and an abundance of tall termite mounds, can also be considered as an extreme arid variant of the savannah and woodland zone. The dominant plant almost everywhere is ours - veinless acacia - and other phyllodes species. The number of eucalyptus and casuarina trees is small; they are confined to dry river beds and extensive depressions with close groundwater. The grass cover is often almost absent or represented by very sparse groups of grasses, saltworts and other leafy succulents.
The sandy areas in the center and west of the continent are covered with thickets of extremely xeromorphic hard grasses of the genus Triodia. In Queensland and New South Wales, a prickly pear cactus has proliferated and become a nasty weed. Prickly pear was brought from South America in the 80s of the last century and settled over an area of about 24 million hectares.
Unlike the Sahara and Namib, the deserts of Australia do not have significant areas of “absolute” deserts, practically free of higher plants. In drainless basins and along the shores of salt lakes, halophytic formations are developed, formed by special species of widespread ancient genera (solyanka, quinoa, parfolia, prutnyak, saltpeter). Schober's saltpeter also grows in the semi-deserts of Eurasia. The Nullarbor Plain adjacent to the Great Australian Bight has semi-desert vegetation that already develops in a subtropical, close to temperate, climate. It is dominated by tall (up to 1.5 m) bushes of various halophytes - representatives of the goosefoot (hodgepodge, quinoa, etc.), which are considered a good forage plant for sheep. On the plain, due to the widespread occurrence of karst phenomena, there are almost no surface water bodies.
Some botanists believe that true deserts are almost never found in Australia, and semi-deserts predominate. Indeed, the density of vegetation cover in arid regions of the continent is usually relatively large, which is associated with a regular short wet season. The annual amount of precipitation is never below 100 mm, but usually it is close to 200-300 mm. In addition, in many places there is a shallow aquifer, where moisture is retained for a long time and is available to plant roots.
Animal world. In the faunal aspect, the fauna of the arid inland regions of Australia as a whole is a depleted version of dry savannah and light forest groups. Most species are found in both deserts and savannas, although a number of groups of animals are especially numerous in desert and semi-desert habitats. Among mammals, such typical animals include the marsupial mole, marsupial jerboa, comb-tailed marsupial mouse and comb-tailed marsupial rat. The entire central and western parts of the continent are inhabited by large red kangaroos. These animals are numerous in many places and are considered undesirable competitors for sheep. The same applies to smaller wallaby species. Of the smallest species of the kangaroo family (smaller than a rabbit), kangaroo rats are interesting for their ability to carry a “load” - an armful of grass, wrapping it with their long tail. Many species of kangaroo rats widely inhabited almost the entire continent, but are now severely exterminated by introduced dogs and foxes, and are also replaced by rabbits, which colonize and destroy their original habitats. Therefore, now they are better preserved in desert areas, where the influence of introduced animals is less felt. The most common dog here is the dingo. In some areas, feral dromedary camels, brought to the mainland in the last century as a means of transport on expeditions, have multiplied.
The most famous bird of the semi-desert regions of the mainland is the emu. This is the only species (sometimes two closely related species are distinguished) of a special family related to cassowaries. Weaverbirds and small parrots feeding on cereal seeds (including triodia) are common throughout arid regions. These are the already mentioned zebra finch, budgerigars, and nymph parakeets. All these species nest in hollows of dry trees. The night parrot is very typical for arid regions. This is truly a nocturnal bird. She spends most of her time on the ground; her diet is based on triodia seeds. Unlike most other parrots, the night parrot makes its nest not in hollows, but among thickets of thorny grasses.
Of the vertebrate animals, various reptiles are especially characteristic of deserts and semi-deserts, of which lizards of the agamidae, skink and monitor lizard families predominate. The Lepidopus family, characteristic of Australia, which includes snake-like lizards with reduced limbs, also has desert representatives. Among the agamidae in the tropical northern regions of dry woodlands and semi-deserts there are frilled lizards, which are also characteristic of the savannah. Species of this genus have the ability to run on two hind limbs. This method of movement was characteristic of some Mesozoic dinosaurs. Several species of bearded lizards, similar to our common dragons, live in deserts. The most original appearance of Moloch. This small, up to 20 cm, flat lizard is all covered with outgrowths and spines. Moloch's skin can absorb moisture. In its lifestyle and appearance it resembles the American desert toad-like lizards. Moloch's main source of nutrition is ants.
Skinks are represented mainly by genera endemic to Australia (sometimes including New Zealand), species of which live both in deserts and in other areas. There are especially many species of the endemic genus Ctenotus - small graceful lizards with smooth scales.
The exceptional originality and antiquity of the flora and fauna of Australia is explained by its long isolation. Most plant (75%) and animal (90%) species in Australia are endemic, meaning they are not found anywhere else in the world. Among the animals there are few mammals, but species extinct on other continents have survived, including marsupials (about 160 species). Typical representatives of the Australian flora are eucalyptus (600 species), acacia (490 species) and casuarina. The mainland has not given the world valuable cultivated plants.
Australia is located in four geographical zones - from subequatorial to temperate. The change in natural zones is due to changes in temperatures and precipitation patterns. The flat nature of the relief contributes to a well-defined terrain, disturbed only in the east. The main part of the continent lies in tropical latitudes, so tropical deserts and semi-deserts, occupying half the area of the continent, are most developed.
The central parts of the continent in two geographical zones (tropical and subtropical) are occupied by deserts and semi-deserts. Australia is rightly called a continent of deserts (Great Sandy Desert, Great Victoria Desert, Gibson Desert, etc.). On the Western Australian Plateau, in a tropical continental climate, tropical deserts and semi-deserts dominate. In rocky and sandy river beds, light forests of casuarinas stretch. In the depressions of clayey semi-deserts there are thickets of quinoa and salt-tolerant species of acacias and eucalyptus trees. Deserts are characterized by “cushions” of the bushy grass spinifex. The soils of semi-deserts are gray soils; desert soils are primitive rocky, clayey or sandy.
In the south of the mainland in the subtropics, deserts and semi-deserts occupy the Nullarbor Plain (“treeless”) and the Murray-Darling Lowland. They are formed under subtropical continental climate conditions on brown semi-desert and gray-brown soils. Against the background of dry rare grasses there is wormwood and solyanka; there is no tree and shrub vegetation.
The most acute problem in Australia is the shortage. Previously, it was solved by pumping groundwater from numerous wells. But currently a decrease in water level in artesian basins has been recorded. The depletion of groundwater reserves, along with a decrease in river flows, has exacerbated water shortages in Australia, forcing the implementation of water conservation programs.
One of the ways to preserve nature is to create specially protected natural areas. They occupy 11% of the continent's area. One of the most visited is Kosciuszko Park in Australia. In the north there is one of the world's largest parks - Kakadu, where not only wetlands that serve as habitat for many endemic birds are protected, but also caves with Aboriginal rock art. The Blue Mountains Park protects stunning mountain landscapes with a variety of eucalyptus forests. The nature of deserts is also under protection (Great Victoria Desert and Simpson Desert parks). Ayers Rock, a giant red sandstone monolith sacred to Aboriginal people, is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Uluru-Katayuta Park. The fabulous world of coral is protected in the Great Barrier Reef Underwater Park.
The Great Barrier Reef has the greatest diversity of corals on the planet (up to 500 species). In addition to coastal pollution and poaching, the threat is posed by the polyp-eating crown-of-thorns starfish. Rising ocean temperatures due to global warming are causing coral bleaching and death.
The main feature of Australia's flora and fauna is the predominance of endemics. Australia is the most deserted continent. Global depletion of water resources, depletion of flora and fauna pose a threat to the nature of the continent. Specially protected natural areas occupy 11% of the continent's area.
Australia is often called the continent of deserts. About 44% of the continent's surface is occupied by desert and arid areas.
They are common in the Western Australian Tablelands and the plains of Central Australia.
In the driest areas of the center of the continent, large areas are rocky deposits or shifting sands.
On the Western Australian Plateau, rocky deserts form on thick ferruginous crusts (a legacy of humid eras). Their bare surface has a characteristic bright orange color.
On the Nullarbor Plain, composed of fractured limestones, the desert reaches the southern coast of the mainland.
Great Victoria Desert
The largest desert on the Australian continent.
Its size is about 424,400 km2.
The desert was first crossed by European explorer Ernest Giles in 1875 and named after Queen Victoria.
Average annual precipitation varies from 200 to 250 mm of rain. Thunderstorms occur frequently (15-20 per year).
Daytime temperatures in summer are 32-40 °C, in winter 18-23 °C.
It is generally accepted that the desert consists of endless sand dunes or lifeless rocky plains. However, the Great Victoria Desert looks different. Huge variety of shrubs and small plants. After a rare rain, wildflowers and acacias contrasting on the red sand are an unforgettable sight.
Even without rain, the caves, rocks and gorges of the desert are mesmerizing.
Great Sandy Desert
Second largest after Victoria. The desert is located in the north of Western Australia, in the Kimberley region, east of the Pilbara. A small part of it lies in the Northern Territory.
The desert has an area of 360,000 km²
The Great Sandy Desert is the hottest region of Australia.
In the summer from December to February, the average temperature reaches 35 °C, in winter - up to 20 -15 °C.
It is here that the famous Kata Tjuta National Park - Uluru (Ayers Rock) is located, which attracts travelers from all over the world.
Tanami
The rocky sand desert is located northwest of the city of Alice Springs, in the Northern Territory of Australia.
The average annual rainfall in this area is more than 400 mm, that is, quite a lot of rainy days for a desert. But the location of Tanami is such that high temperatures prevail, and with this a high rate of evaporation.
The average daytime temperature in the summer months (October-March) is about 38 °C, nighttime 22 °C. Temperature in winter: daytime - about 25 °C, nighttime - below 10 °C.
The main landforms are dunes and sand plains, as well as shallow water basins of the Lander River, which contain water holes, dry marshes and salt lakes.
Gold mining is carried out in the desert. Tourism has been developing recently.
Gibson Desert
Sandy desert in the center of Western Australia. It is bordered by the Great Sandy Desert to the north and the Great Victoria Desert to the south.
An early explorer of the region described it as “a vast, rolling gravel desert.”
The soils are sandy, rich in iron, and highly weathered. In some places there are thickets of veinless acacia, quinoa and spinifex grass, which bloom with bright colors after rare rains.
Annual precipitation in the Gibson Desert can vary from 200 to 250 millimeters. The climate is typically hot, in the south temperatures in summer can rise above 40°C, in winter the maximum is around 18°C and the minimum is 6°C.
Desert Simpson
The Simpson Desert is the main part of the Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in Australia.
This desert is famous for the fact that its sands are bright red and, like scarlet waves, continuously roll across the desert.
The landscapes of this place are amazing: between the high dunes there are areas of smooth clay crust and rocky plains strewn with sharpened stones. Simpson - the driest desert
The average temperature in summer (January) is 28-30 °C, in winter - 12-15 °C. In the northern part, precipitation is less than 130 mm.
Small Sandy Desert
The Little Sandy Desert is a piece of land in Western Australia located to the south of the Great Sandy Desert, and to the east it becomes the Gibson Desert.
There are several lakes in the Little Sandy Desert, the largest of which is Lake Disapointment, located in the north. Seyviori is the main river passing through this area. It flows into Lake Disapoinmet.
The area of the region is 101 thousand km². The average annual precipitation, which falls mainly in summer, is 150-200 mm
Average summer temperatures range from 22 to 38.3° C, in winter this figure is 5.4-21.3° C
Tirari Desert
It occupies an area of 15 thousand square kilometers and is located in the eastern part of South Australia.
The desert contains salt lakes and large sand dunes. The conditions here are quite harsh, high temperatures and very little precipitation, the average annual amount of which does not exceed 125 millimeters
It is also part of the rocky ecoregion of Australia.
The Pinnacles
A small desert in the southwest of Western Australia. The name of the desert translates as “desert of pointed rocks.” The desert got its name from the isolated stones rising 1-5 meters in the middle of the sandy plain. The nearest settlement is the city of Cervantes, from which it is a 20-minute drive to the desert. The stones are rocks or peaks.
Te Pinnacles is part of Nambung National Park.
The landscapes in this part are exceptional, you would think that you are on another planet.
If you are a visitor to Nambung National Park, do not miss the opportunity to see the beautiful nature of the Te Pinnacles Desert.
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