Larch belongs to the Pine family and, despite its name, is not a deciduous tree, but a coniferous tree. But it was not called larch for nothing. Unlike conifers, their evergreen “brothers,” larch sheds its needles in the winter. The lifespan of larch is about 350 years. This is the average. There are specimens that have lived up to 800 years. Larch grows, about 45-55 meters in height, the trunk in diameter is about 100 cm. There are about twenty species of larch.
Larch grows quite quickly, on average by 70 cm per year. This is, in the first 20 years of a tree’s life, then growth slows down sharply. Larch tolerates long frosts well, but is photophilous. In the shade, the larch will die and will not grow. Larch is not picky about soil. Grows on any soil, even in permafrost conditions.
One of the most, if not the most common wood species on the planet, including in Russia. On the territory of Russia, a huge amount of area is occupied by larch in the Far East and Siberia.
Larch. Properties of wood.
Larch wood is widely used in various fields of human activity. It has hardness, strength, elasticity, wear resistance, and durability. Not subject to rotting. But because of its hardness, larch is difficult to work with. If the wood is dried, it is impossible to hammer a nail into it, and it is impossible to remove it from dry wood. The metal of the fastener breaks, but the wood stands still.
- The strength of larch wood is about 665 kg/m3
- The larch core is dark red, and the sapwood is very different, it is light yellow.
- A dark red dye is obtained from larch bark, which is used to dye hides and skins.
- Despite its valuable qualities, larch wood does not occupy first place in the timber industry. This is due to the weight of the wood, it cannot be floated down the river, it sinks immediately, and it is quite difficult for a carpenter to work with it.
- Larch wood is used to make timber and lining. Excellent for building terraces, floors, gazebos.
- Larch wood is excellent for pulp and paper production.
Larch. Beneficial features.
Larch is highly valued in folk medicine.
Namely, larch bark has antimicrobial, analgesic, and wound-healing properties.
Infusions from larch needles are excellent for sore throat, toothache, stomatitis, cough, and bleeding gums. This is due to the high content of vitamin C in larch needles.
Larch forests are considered very common in our country; they occupy at least one third of all forest areas found in the central region, in the east, west and north.
Siberian larch is considered the most suitable for construction and the production of wood products. This tree species is widespread in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and Irkutsk Region, and Siberian larch grows unevenly in these regions. In particular, in the Angara region, the number of larch gradually increases from the southwest to the northeast, and in the regions of the Eastern Sayan and the Lena-Angara Plateau, Siberian larch grows in the lower part of the mountain slopes. It may also occur on other relief elements.
Within its habitat, Siberian larch is found almost everywhere. However, in areas with a warmer climate, larch gives way to cedar, and on sandy soils pine is more common.
The lifespan of larch is about 450 years. Moreover, during this time the height of the tree can reach 45 meters, the diameter of the trunk is about 1.8 meters. However, in areas with more favorable living conditions, you can also find larger specimens - trees reaching 50 - 60 meters in height, with a trunk diameter of about 2.5 meters.
It is quite difficult to determine the age of larch, because old trees are often affected by diseases such as heart rot. In nature, there are individual specimens whose age is more than 1000 years, although there are very few such trees today. It is rare to find larch aged about 700–900 years, but trees whose age is 400–500 years are quite common, and they are distinguished by a healthy root system, an intact crown, and without any signs of aging.
Larch is a monoecious tree that bears flowers of different sexes. Male and female inflorescences are located close to each other; this is necessary, since larch seeds, which do not have air sacs, are poorly transported by the wind, which significantly complicates pollination. However, larch is prone to self-pollination, which leads to the formation of a large number of empty seeds. This phenomenon is especially common in non-species forests, where larch grows in small quantities.
The pollination period for larch begins in May, at the same time when the needles bloom. The seeds ripen in September. It should be noted that the tree cones open gradually, so seeds can fall out throughout the year. The cones stay on the branches for about 3–4 years, and the seeds can be found not only in young cones, which can be identified by their lighter color, but also in old ones.
Under good growing conditions, larch begins to produce seeds when it reaches the age of 15–20 years, however, if conditions worsen, the seeding age may come later.
Harvest years for larch occur approximately once every 3 to 5 years. The average harvest can be observed with approximately the same frequency. But a complete lack of harvest is extremely rare. Of course, the yield depends on the climatic conditions of the region where the tree grows. In particular, in areas with a harsh climate, harvest years are observed somewhat less frequently. However, it should be noted that seeding can only occur in productive years; this circumstance is influenced by various factors. In particular, larch has a low germination rate, and birds and mammals, which prefer larch seeds to seeds of other tree species, destroy a significant part of the crop.
Where is larch used?
Larch is a unique type of tree that has numerous beneficial properties and is widely used in various economic activities. For example, the density of larch wood is practically not inferior to oak wood, and larch, subject to high-quality drying, is practically not subject to rotting, which cannot be said about other types of wood. All this makes larch buildings strong and durable.
Larch is also used in marine shipbuilding. The fact is that its wood contains a special substance - gum, which protects the wood from the negative effects of water, protects it from sea animals that can wear through any other wood, concrete, as well as soft rocks.
Larch also has some disadvantages. In particular, it is difficult to process, and if dried incorrectly (quick drying in the sun), it can warp or crack. This is due to the gum contained in wood. To prevent this from happening, the larch must be kept for some time in a room with a high degree of air humidity, or soaked until the gum is completely removed.
Larch is used not only in construction, but also in pulp and paper production. However, properties such as the hardness of the rock and its low cellulose content make such use very limited.
Larch is also used in medicine. In particular, the needles of the tree are rich in vitamin C; the fruiting bodies formed when wood is exposed to the wood-forming fungus, the “larch sponge,” produce a bitter-tasting ointment that has certain medicinal properties.
Larch is widely used in the production of paints and varnishes, as well as in soap making. This becomes possible due to the high content of resins in larch, which have the properties necessary for these areas of production. However, the resin content in each specific tree is not the same; some trunks give a very small yield of resin, making it difficult for the tree to develop tapping, and therefore the possibility of its use.
Larch has such advantages as a powerful root system of the tree, the ability to quickly grow in height, unpretentiousness and the ability to grow even in the harshest climatic conditions. Thanks to these advantages, larch is excellent for purposes such as protective afforestation, as well as planting trees to protect the soil from erosion.
It is the most common material used in construction. The wood of this tree has many beneficial qualities and is absolutely universal in its use.
Due to its high resistance to moisture, temperature changes and excellent resistance to weather conditions, this material is used for the manufacture of ship parts, at hydroelectric power stations, for telegraph poles, and sleepers for railway tracks.
When burned, larch wood gives off a lot of heat, which is why it is considered the best material for heating.
It is interesting to note that the ancient burial mounds found in Altai contain items made of larch. Another 2 thousand years BC. e. Sarcophagi and even chariots were made from this wood. Ritual utensils were made from the root of this tree. A ladle made by an 18th-century master that holds 15 liters is still kept in Zagorsk.
A strong proof of the strength of this wood is the well-known fact: built back in the 5th century AD. e. The palaces and temples of Venice still stand on stilts made of larch wood. Examples closer to us are the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, St. Isaac's Cathedral and buildings in Arkhangelsk also have larch piles at their base. St. Basil's Cathedral and Cathedrals located on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin also have larch wood in their ceilings.
It is interesting to note that in the 17th century larch was used to build a church organ in Poland.
Since ancient times, people have noticed the medicinal properties of larch, and also used it to make soap. Larch resin - oleoresin - was used to cleanse the mouth and prevent gum disease. Larch bark is also used to obtain dyes and extract essential oils. 
For ancient times, the widespread use of larch wood was common. And what role in modern life does this type of tree play? Today, just like many centuries ago, larch is popular and widely used. It is difficult to replace during construction country houses, interior or exterior decoration, when choosing flooring for indoor or outdoor terraces.
Excellent resistance to rotting allows the use of larch wood in construction, where the wood will be constantly in contact with water. For example, for pier construction, for pilings, for garden paths or for finishing swimming pools.
When arranging your home, remember that larch has excellent thermal conductivity, therefore it creates a pleasant microclimate and brings comfort to any place. In cold weather conditions, wood will help warm the room, and in hot weather it will keep it cool. Thanks to these qualities it is convenient to use when finishing balconies.
Since larch retains heat well, it is used to build a bathhouse. In addition, when in contact with water, this wood not only does not rot, but over time even petrifies. Therefore, larch is the most successful choice of raw materials for the construction and finishing of baths both inside and outside.
Larch occupies a special place in the manufacture of furniture. The texture of the wood is very interesting and looks great under the applied varnish. This wood is often used to make cladding panels for furniture.
Larch is often and justifiably used as a floor covering. This is a smart choice in light of the qualities listed above. The colors and texture of larch will not leave you indifferent. You will definitely find an option to your liking. By choosing a larch floor board, you will receive a durable, aesthetic and high-quality coating.
The last and most important aspect is the price of larch. When choosing this material, you will find a lot of advantages, quality and excellent appearance at a reasonable price.
Larch is a coniferous tree that lives for about 600 years and reaches a height of 45 m. This tree is 30% denser and stronger than pine. The density of larch is 650 kg/m3. This tree is more resistant to dampness and damage by putrefactive fungi and is an extremely valuable lumber. In addition to special strength and resistance to external influences, it is characterized by good color and excellent structure. Larch wood does not rot or turn blue. The relative biological resistance (susceptibility to destruction by fungi and insects) of larch wood is twice as high as that of pine. According to the European standard, it belongs to the group of very resistant species, while pine wood belongs to the group of moderately resistant species.
Larch is a natural antiseptic material. Due to the nature of the resin impregnating it, it is not attacked by wood-boring insects, and also allows it to be used without any chemical treatment in cases where other species are susceptible to rot.
In terms of physical and mechanical properties, the durability of larch wood occupies an intermediate position between soft conifers, like pine, and hard deciduous ones, like oak. Being dried, larch and products made from it are not subject to rotting. That is why buildings made of larch have stood for centuries. Larch resists water well, even salty. Rodents and tree bugs are also not scary for her. An example of durability and strength are the larch piles on which Venice stands, the houses of the Decembrists in Irkutsk, the covering of the bicycle track in Krylatskoye, etc.
Larch wood is comparable in strength to oak wood. The hardness of larch is 109 units, oak - 110 units (on the Brinell scale). Larch wood, when compared with pine from one area of growth, has higher (by 33-34%) indicators in terms of statistical bending and chipping along the fibers in the tangential direction. In terms of compression and stretching along the fibers, larch wood is 40% higher. The specific work during impact bending and the tensile strength when shearing along the fibers in the radial direction are 50% higher in larch. The end hardness of larch is 64% higher. Thus, all indicators for larch wood are 30-60% higher compared to pine, which in turn is usually more durable than spruce, cedar and especially fir wood.
In comparison with hard hardwood, larch also has higher or equal indicators for compression along the fibers, statistical bending, elastic modulus, but is inferior in terms of specific work during impact bending, shearing along the fibers and hardness.
The volumetric thermal conductivity of larch wood is 30% higher than that of pine. This is manifested in the fact that during the heated period the temperature in the room is more evenly distributed throughout the day, and in the summer the feeling of coolness is maintained. The fire resistance of larch wood is approximately two times higher than that of pine wood.
Larch wood is very beautiful - it has a reddish tint. The annual layers are clearly visible, clearly visible on all cross sections of wood and give the planed surfaces a beautiful structure with a characteristic pattern.
The healing properties of larch are determined by biologically active substances - antioxidants, which help the body fight aging and various diseases, especially under conditions of stress, polluted environment, and radiation.
A comparative analysis of the physical and consumer properties of larch and pine shows that for most of the main indicators, buildings and structures made of larch wood, including those built from rounded logs, are superior in quality to similar structures made of pine wood.
Larch occupies a special place among other conifers. Its wood has a reddish-brownish, sometimes brownish tint and is characterized by high strength and moisture resistance. Larch is little susceptible to warping. Comparing oak and larch wood, you can see that it is slightly inferior to oak in hardness, but exceeds it in strength. Moreover, thanks to the special composition of the resin, larch only gains strength over time.
Its most distinctive property is its natural resistance to decay, since the presence of gum (a natural substance) in it protects the wood from deterioration. According to the European standard EN 350-2:1994, it belongs to the group of very rot-resistant rocks.
Larch is not only considered the tree of eternity. It is also known about the variety of medicinal properties of larch, which are determined by biologically active nutrients containing antioxidants. Antioxidants help the body in the fight against aging and the occurrence of various diseases, especially under conditions of stress, polluted environment, and radiation. Throughout its entire lifespan, larch secretes phytoncides, which, when they enter the human respiratory tract, prevent colds and viral diseases and have an excellent effect on the nervous system. Larch wood is environmentally friendly and does not contain allergens in principle.
It should be noted that larch wood lends itself perfectly to tinting. Therefore, if the buyer is not satisfied with any of the many shades of the color scheme of larch, he has the opportunity, at his discretion, to change the internal appearance of the apartment, house or office simply by tinting the larch to look like oak or ash. The appearance will be almost the same, and the price will be several times lower.
With all its advantages, prices for larch are the lowest in the group of elite species. Firstly, because larch is widespread in Russia, and secondly, because every healthy tree produces a lot of suitable lumber due to its architecture, typical of conifers - a straight, even, high trunk.
In a house made of larch, the likelihood of neuroses and migraines associated with vascular spasms is reduced. Throughout its entire service life, larch ensures a healthy indoor climate, as it evaporates natural substances - phytoncides, which have antiseptic properties. When they enter the human respiratory tract, they prevent colds and viral diseases. In case of hypertension, positive results in lowering blood pressure are observed. The resorption of hemorrhages is accelerated, visual acuity increases, and metabolism is normalized. The growing conditions of larch are such that larch wood is environmentally friendly and cannot contain allergens in principle.
Larch is a type of coniferous wood. It combines the perfection of useful qualities and longevity. This tree has a wide range of uses, but has especially proven itself in construction. The valuable properties of this tree are not comparable to any other type of wood, which is why the cost of larch is slightly higher than that of pine, but significantly lower than that of many other types of wood. The world of the Forest is truly amazing, and larch occupies the main place in it.
Description of the breed. Larch is a coniferous tree.
Larch - coniferous tree
Many people wonder whether larch is a coniferous or deciduous tree. Also, some believe that larch is a deciduous tree. Larch is a coniferous tree. In favorable conditions, an adult tree can reach a height of 50 m and a trunk diameter of up to 1 m. The average lifespan of the species ranges from 300 to 500 years. Cases of plant lifespan reaching 800 years have been recorded. The tree has a loose crown of a cone-shaped or ovoid shape. Well illuminated by the sun. The needles have a bright green color and a flattened shape. Its arrangement is single or spiral-shaped, and on short shoots it is bunched. The branches are arranged in a chaotic order, without any pattern. If the area is windy, the needles can be located on only one side of the tree.
It is worth noting that in the fall the tree sheds its “leaves” before the onset of spring. The plant tolerates winter quite easily, this is evidenced by the absence of frostbites even at a temperature of -60 degrees. Therefore, this tree can be found in harsh northern regions, further than any other vegetation. In Russia, the plant occupies large areas of Siberia, the Far East and the south of Primorye. Outside our country, the larch breed is common in Northern and Western Europe. The soil on which a valuable tree grows does not have any special qualities. The tree grows in mossy Siberian swamps, as well as mountain slopes. Of course, this location affects the growth and size of the child. In favorable areas, the tree can coexist with species such as spruce, pine, and birch. The strong root system does not have a pronounced trunk, has a branched shape and deep lateral roots. This position of the root system allows you to hold on tighter and withstand strong gusts of wind.
Breed reproduction. Larch cone.
Plants begin to bear fruit when they reach 10-15 years of age. And good seed years are repeated every 5-6 years. Natural reproduction of a tree occurs with the help of seeds. Male ears are small in size and yellow in color, while female ears are red, pink or green. Pollination occurs in spring or summer, depending on the region. So, in the southern part pollination begins at the end of April, and in the northern part - in June. The buds ripen in the fall, so they begin to open either immediately or after overwintering. The seeds of the tree are small, with tightly fitting wings. Despite the strength of the plant, the seeds have a low germination rate, which is due to the absence of air sacs in the pollen, so many seeds are “idle”.
Artificial breeding of the breed has two options:
Seminal.
Cherenkovy.
Growing larch from seeds is much easier than using cuttings. To do this, mature cones are collected and dried until they open. The seeds are removed and one month before the upcoming planting, they are soaked in water for one day and mixed with wet coarse sand. The finished mixture is placed in special wooden boxes and placed in a cool place or refrigerator. It is important to take into account some nuances here: firstly, the boxes must have holes for natural ventilation, and secondly, it is necessary to correctly calculate the settling time so that planting in the ground occurs at the end of April - beginning of May. It is recommended to plant seeds no more than 1.5 cm deep, and it is strictly prohibited to specifically compact or sprinkle seedlings with heavy soil. To do this, you can use a sand-peat mixture, which has sufficient porosity to provide good oxygen access. To insulate the seedlings, you can use a film that can be removed after the first shoots. Seedlings should be transplanted to a permanent location after they reach two years of age.
Growing larch using cuttings is a labor-intensive process and requires many conditions. This is explained by the small percentage of rooting of cuttings. The good growth and development of seedlings is affected by humidity, temperature, soil composition and light. To comply with all requirements, special nurseries are used, where experts can provide them with the necessary temperature and humidity conditions and care. It is worth noting that this approach is also explained by the poor rooting of cuttings in open ground.
Varieties of larch
Depending on the location and characteristics of the tree, several types of larch are distinguished:
– she is also common, and is a wide representative of the breed in Western and Northern Europe. It reaches a height of up to 50 meters, has a slender, strong trunk and a dense crown of irregular shape. In our climatic conditions, an adult average tree reaches a height of 25 meters. The crown of a coniferous plant has the shape of a cone and is bright green in color. Mature cones have a brown tint, and their length reaches four cm; the tree begins to bloom in May. This tree is recognized as the fastest growing among its relatives. It is not afraid of cold weather, has a long service life and aesthetic qualities. It grows well in any soil, but does not tolerate places with stagnant water. Larch lives well on calcareous, chernozems, podzolic soils and loams. In addition, well-drained soil will create an excellent basis for the strengthening and development of both the root system and the entire plant.
Siberian larch covers 50 percent of the forest area in Russia and reaches 45 meters in height. This breed is distinguished by a straight trunk, thickening towards the lower part. The plant is covered with thick, light brown bark. The needles of young shoots have the shape of a narrow pyramid and are sparse; in adult trees they are wide, pyramidal in shape and raised high. The branches of the Siberian beauty are at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the trunk, and their ends are bent upward. The leaves of the Siberian larch are light green in color and narrow and range from 13 to 45 mm in length. When ripe, the cones acquire light brown and yellow shades. Pollination occurs in late April - early May and lasts for 1.5 weeks. The seed dispersal itself occurs in the fall, preferably in October. How long does larch live? Siberian larch lives on average 200-300 years, but there are trees over 500 years old.
3. Daurian larch
grows in the Far East and, under good climatic conditions, reaches 30 meters in height. The difference between this breed is the red bark, which becomes much thicker as the tree matures. Young shoots are straw-colored and can often be seen bare and drooping. The needles are light green and reach 30 mm in length. The cones of such larch are small, only 20 mm long, and have the shape of an egg or oval. It is worth noting that the needles of the plant are light green in spring, bright green in summer, and golden in autumn. Flowering begins in late April - early May, and dispersal occurs in early autumn. The breed grows both on high mountain slopes and river valleys. Due to its undemanding requirements for soil, Dahurian larch grows in wetlands, rocky slopes and areas with shallow permafrost.
4. American larch
distributed in the northern hemisphere and reaches only 25 m in height. The trunk diameter is usually from 30 to 60 cm. It is mainly found in Canada and the northeastern United States. The cone-shaped crown is formed by serpentine branches that hang down. The trunk has a dark brown or gray color. The tree's needles are light green in spring and darker in summer. The leaves reach 30 mm, and the cones are only 10-20 mm. They have a purple tint until completely dry and turn brown after opening. Flowering begins in mid-May, and fruiting occurs once every 4 years. It is worth noting that the growth of this larch is much slower than its sisters.
The varieties of larch do not end there, but unlike those listed above, most of them have decorative uses due to their small size.
Common larch pests
As with all plants, there are pests on this breed that can cause harm to the plants.
- a sucking insect that lays larvae that feed on plant juices. This insect is very small, but adults are able to fly from one tree to another.
The kidney gall midge lives and feeds on plant tissue, the affected shoots begin to suffer from infection and soon die. Various fungi on the bark of a tree can cause the spread of putrefactive formations and pests.
Many people often wonder how to distinguish larch from pine. In fact, it is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. The main difference between these two trees is the needles. Larch is the only plant that sheds its needles for the winter. Therefore, if a coniferous, bare tree appears before your eyes, it is larch. Pine only changes the color of its needles. You can also distinguish trees by their crown - larch has a conical frame, while pine has a more round frame. Pine leaves are hard and more like spruce needles, while larch leaves are flattened and soft to the touch. Plant cones have different sizes; pine cones are larger and round in shape, while larch cones are smaller and oval. The difference can also be found in color - mature pine cones have a rich brown color, while those of larch are brown.
Trees can also be distinguished in the form of finished lumber.
Larch bark is much thicker and has a rich reddish hue inside. A sliver of larch will sink much faster than a pine tree. The structure of larch will clearly appear under the influence of water. The marble pattern with a pinkish tint will stand out strongly against the background of the pine product. The smell of pine cannot be confused with anything else, while larch will not express such an incense with its needles. Using a log, it is also easy to distinguish larch - the core and dense one-year-old rings will clearly stand out on the cut. All doubts will be dispelled by setting fire to torches made of both materials. Larch lights up for a long time and very slowly, unlike pine. The strength of larch is much higher, so running a nail through the material is unlikely to leave deep marks on it.
Pine and larch are different trees. Larch has significant advantages over pine, despite their common coniferous species. The main characteristic of larch material is its density. Compared to pine, it is 1.5 times higher. The indicator of this property in larch is 670 kg/m3, while the density of pine is 440 kg/m3. Due to this, the tree has a higher hardness, which is 400 kg/cm2, the same indicator for pine is 200 kg/cm2. These two qualities already indicate the advantage of larch lumber. The building elements are stronger and can withstand significant loads.
Resistance to rot is another quality that is relied upon when choosing between two plants. So, pine has a 3-4th degree of resistance, and larch 2-3. This shows how a tree can behave when threatened. Pine has a low degree of resistance to rot, while larch has a moderate degree, and therefore is less susceptible to this risk. Fire resistance is an important indicator of wood's resistance to fire. Due to its resinous content, pine does not have high fire resistance, while larch is difficult to ignite and burns very slowly when ignited. The moisture resistance of pine is undeniably inferior to its sister, for which water is a way to increase its strength. The appearance of larch in comparison with its friend is noble and aristocratic. The surface of the material has a marble pattern with a pinkish tint.
Due to its properties, larch is widely used in construction. A tree has the following decisive factors:
The strength of larch wood is comparable to oak. On the Brinell scale, the hardness of wood is 109 units, when oak has this indicator 1 unit higher. Density contributes to strength - this is undoubtedly the advantage of the material, which reaches 660 kg/m3 at 10% humidity. This figure is 1.5 times higher than that of pine. The plant has high values for compression along the fibers, modulus of elasticity, impact and static bending and chipping. Due to these characteristics, larch is used to make parquet boards. Fire resistance is one of the important factors when choosing a material. Larch has good fire resistance, an indicator several times higher than other tree species. Resistance to fungal diseases allows the tree to live for quite a long time. Insects also appear on larch, which can cause harm to the tree, but due to the plant’s poor susceptibility to pests, they often change their preferences. Water resistance is always a consideration when building with larch lumber. Due to this property, larch is used for external structures. A distinctive characteristic is that when water is absorbed, the plant becomes even stronger. Therefore, this particular rock was previously used in the construction of bridges.
Environmental properties
Environmental safety is the key to quality of life, so any wood carries safety and health. The aesthetics of the breed allows you to create various materials that not only fulfill their direct duties, but also decorate the room. The thermal conductivity of larch is much less than that of other wood, this is due to its density, which is why floors are mainly made from larch.
Transportation of larch
In order to deliver wood to its destination, alloy and other types of transportation are used. The peculiarity of larches is that they acquire greater strength after being in water, so our ancestors tried not to float deciduous wood on water. After all, as the wood gained excess weight, it sank. Nowadays, this plant is floated using cargo ships, this increases the efficiency and speed of timber delivery. For transportation, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the wood with natural moisture, which will be much greater than dried wood. Lately the rivers have been busy with shipping, so more and more timber is being delivered by rail and road transport.
Deciduous plantings occupy a large area in Russia, while in other countries there is a shortage of this species. The need for high-quality larch lumber is especially great in countries with desert areas and plantings unsuitable for construction purposes. Regular buyers of wood are Iran, Israel, Iraq, CIS countries, the European Union and China. The latter country prefers larch, because it serves as an excellent material for houses on the water. Lumber in the form of , , and is in demand. Abroad, larch is mainly used for finishing premises and houses, and for the production of furniture of excellent quality.
The Austrians prefer Siberian larch as building materials for the construction of houses. It combines all the heat and sound insulation qualities, so the houses turn out to be solid. The appearance attracts foreigners and allows for the creation of delightful design complexes. The qualities and characteristics of this material allow it to be used in shipbuilding, railway construction and many other areas. The possibilities of this tree are great, and with the help of modern technologies it is possible to achieve unique results in various fields of application.
Application of larch in construction. Larch lumber.
Larch as rounded logs
The high cost of the rock and thermal conductivity are the reasons why entire log houses are rarely made. The strength of wood and its lifespan are an excellent solution for the construction of a durable structure, but the thermal conductivity indicator requires additional insulation of the walls or their thickening. Therefore, it is advisable to use rounded logs for the lower crowns of the house. This will serve as an excellent support for subsequent crowns and will not allow the logs to sag too much. Also, the first crowns of larch will protect the further tree from moisture, taking the entire “blow” upon themselves, which will only make them stronger.
This finishing element is highly popular due to its qualities and design features. The material is solid larch, well dried and processed. This preparation helps avoid cracking and other deformations. The outer side has a convex surface, and the inner side has a flat surface. Using a tongue-and-groove connection, a tight fit of the boards to each other is achieved, which creates a strong, integral structure. With the help of processing, a perfectly flat surface is achieved, and the gutters on the inside of the element serve as ventilation passages. Coating the finished element with varnish emphasizes the aesthetic appearance, making the structure look beautiful.
The appearance of this material allows it to be used for finishing interior and exterior spaces, regardless of the wall material. Usually frame houses are sheathed with it, but it is possible to finish walls made of brick, concrete, timber or panels. A block house is not only a beautiful finishing material, but also protects the building from adverse conditions, physical influences, humidity and frost. With its help, the thermal insulation properties of the walls increase, the level of sound from the street decreases, and the building acquires a full-fledged aesthetic appearance. Designers can use a block house to create a complex of original buildings.
Batten
The use of larch boards began long before the advent of modern technologies. Larch was used for shipbuilding, mainly military, so it did not immediately come into use in homes. Bridges, piers and all buildings close to the water were made exclusively from this rock. Larch flooring has a long service life, good wear resistance and moisture resistance. Natural ingredients help maintain environmental safety and warmth in the house. This element is made from solid wood, which explains its longevity and quality. Parts of the required dimensions are cut, processed, and thoroughly dried at a very high temperature. The edges of the outer side have a rounded shape, which creates the integrity of the picture and good appearance.
Floorboards play a special role in the construction of open areas. Due to their good moisture resistance, the elements serve as a material for covering terraces, garden areas and paths, and gazebos. The specifics of manufacturing a floorboard are simple; a special feature is specially made grooves on the outside of the covering. Serves as a constructive solution to drain water from the floor and prevent slipping. Particular attention is paid to processing boards in open areas. To avoid fading in the sun, dust and dirt getting into the pores, special protective work is carried out with various compounds. The goal of the process is to obtain a film that resists sunlight and dirt penetration. With its help, the material does not lose its aesthetics over many years and pleases the owner with its beauty and sophistication.
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