Changes in the dynamics and structure of profit of PJSC Sberbank. Economic indicators of the activities of PJSC Sberbank of Russia

Economic performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia PJSC

Financial and economic indicators of the activities of PJSC Sberbank of Russia

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Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution

higher education

AMUR STATE UNIVERSITY

Faculty of Economics

Department of Finance

Direction of training 03/38/01 Economics

Profile: Finance and credit

about completing educational practice (practice to obtain primary

professional skills and abilities, including primary ones

skills and abilities of research activities)

Blagoveshchensk 2017

The report on educational practice contains pp., 12 tables, 1 figure, 3 appendices, 13 sources.

CREDIT ORGANIZATION, HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS, VERTICAL ANALYSIS, ACTIVE OPERATIONS, PASSIVE OPE

The basis of the research methodology is methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, monographic method, horizontal and vertical analysis.

The report provides a description of the activities of the research object, examines the organizational structure of the credit organization, reveals types of activities, tasks and directions, analyzes the main economic indicators, horizontal and vertical analysis of the financial statements, and characterizes the active, passive and cash settlement operations of the credit organization.

Based on the information from the accounting (financial) statements, an analysis of the financial condition was carried out, an assessment was made of the financial stability of the enterprise, sources of financing activities, and factors influencing the financial condition were identified.

Introduction

1. Organizational, legal and economic characteristics of Sberbank PJSC

1.1 Organizational and legal form and main provisions of the Charter of Sberbank PJSC

1.2 Characteristics of the organizational and management structures of Sberbank PJSC

1.3 Types of activities of Sberbank PJSC

2. Analysis of the main economic indicators of Sberbank PJSC

2.1 Horizontal analysis of assets and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC

2.2 Vertical analysis of assets and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC

3. Characteristics of operations of Sberbank PJSC

3.1 Characteristics of active operations of Sberbank PJSC

3.2 Characteristics of passive operations of Sberbank PJSC

3.3 Characteristics of cash settlement operations of Sberbank PJSC

Conclusion

Bibliography

Application

Introduction

PJSC Sberbank of Russia is the largest bank in the Russian Federation and the CIS. Founded in 1841, PJSC Sberbank of Russia today is a modern universal bank that meets the needs of various groups of clients in a wide range of banking services. Sberbank occupies the largest share in the deposit market and is the main creditor of the Russian economy. PJSC Sberbank of Russia is a modern universal bank with a large share of private capital. The structure of Sberbank's share capital indicates its high investment attractiveness.

The main goal of Sberbank of Russia PJSC is to ensure growth in investment attractiveness and maintain leadership in the Russian financial services market by modernizing management and technological processes. To achieve this goal, the activities of Sberbank of Russia PJSC are aimed at improving client policy, creating a flexible, effective system of interaction with clients based on taking into account the needs of various client groups.

PJSC Sberbank of Russia is a universal commercial bank that satisfies the needs of various groups of clients in a wide range of high-quality banking services throughout Russia. Acting in the interests of depositors, clients and shareholders, Sberbank of Russia PJSC strives to effectively invest raised funds from private and corporate clients in the real sector of the economy, lend to citizens, promote the sustainable functioning of the Russian banking system and save household deposits.

The main activities of Sberbank of Russia PJSC:

Lending to Russian enterprises;

Lending to private clients;

Investment in government securities and bonds of the Bank of Russia;

Carrying out transactions on a commission basis.

Funds for carrying out these activities are attracted by the Bank from the following sources: funds of shareholders; deposits of private clients; funds of legal entities; other sources, including borrowings on international financial markets.

The purpose of the report is to consolidate the knowledge acquired during educational practice and to acquire initial practical experience in collecting statistical material and calculating basic economic indicators.

Objectives of the educational practice report:

Study of the organizational, legal and economic structure of PJSC Sberbank;

Research of regulatory documents and types of activities of a credit organization;

Collection, systematization and analysis of the main economic indicators characterizing the activities of the research object;

Study of active, passive, as well as cash settlement operations of a credit institution.

The basis of the research methodology is methods of analysis, generalization synthesis, monographic method, horizontal and vertical analysis of indicators.

The information base of the report is educational and scientific literature, local regulations, organizational documentation, data from the accounting (financial) statements of Sberbank PJSC.

1. Organizational, legal and economic characteristics of PJSC SBERBANK

1.1 Organizational and legal form and main provisions of Sberbank PJSC

Public Joint Stock Company "Sberbank" is a modern universal commercial bank that meets the needs of various groups of clients in a wide range of banking services.

Sberbank PJSC is part of the banking system of the Russian Federation and in its activities is guided by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts, including regulations of the Bank of Russia and the Charter.

The regulatory documents on the basis of which the activities of a credit organization are regulated, as well as maintaining stability and protecting the interests of depositors and creditors, are Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017. :

Civil Code of the Russian Federation (parts one and two);

Federal Law of December 2, 1990 No. 395-1 “On banks and banking activities”;

Federal Law No. 86-FZ dated July 10, 2002 “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation”;

Federal Law No. 128-FZ dated 08.08.2001 “On licensing of certain types of activities”;

Federal Law No. 208-FZ dated December 26, 1995 “On Joint Stock Companies”;

Federal Law of March 26, 1998 No. 41-FZ “On Precious Metals and Precious Stones”;

Federal Law No. 40-FZ dated February 25, 1999 “On the insolvency (bankruptcy) of credit organizations”;

Federal Law of July 26, 2006 No. 135-FZ “On the Protection of Competition”;

Federal Law No. 46-FZ dated March 5, 1999 “On the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of investors in the securities market”;

Regulation of the Bank of Russia dated April 23, 1997 No. 437 “On the specifics of registering credit organizations with foreign investments and on the procedure for obtaining preliminary permission from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to increase the authorized capital of a registered credit organization at the expense of non-residents”;

Regulation of the Bank of Russia dated December 30, 1999 No. 103-P “On the procedure for maintaining accounting records of transactions related to the issuance and redemption of savings and deposit certificates by credit institutions.”

The activities of Sberbank PJSC are carried out on the basis of the Bank’s Charter.

Name of the bank and its location (postal and legal address);

List of banking operations performed by him;

The size of the authorized capital, reserve and other funds formed by the bank;

An indication that the bank is a legal entity and operates on a commercial basis;

Data on the bank's governing bodies, formation procedure and functions.

Public Joint Stock Company "Sberbank of Russia" is a credit institution.

The founder of Sberbank of Russia is the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

The Bank is a commercial organization whose main goal is to make a profit when carrying out activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, including when carrying out banking operations.

The governing bodies of the Bank are: the General Meeting of Shareholders, the Supervisory Board of the Bank, the collegial executive body - the Management Board of the Bank, the sole executive body - the President, the Chairman of the Management Board of the Bank.

Bank shareholders can be legal entities and individuals, including foreigners. Shareholders are not liable for the bank's obligations and bear the risk of losses associated with its activities, within the limits of the value of the shares they own. The Bank is not liable for the obligations of its shareholders. bank economic asset liability

Sberbank of Russia is not responsible for the obligations of the state and its bodies. It is also not liable for the obligations of the Bank of Russia, and the Bank of Russia is not liable for the obligations of Sberbank of Russia, except in cases where the Bank of Russia has assumed such obligations.

The bank has the right to issue, purchase, sell, record, store and other transactions with securities that perform the functions of a payment document, with securities confirming the attraction of funds into deposits and bank accounts.

Sberbank of Russia has the right to carry out professional activities in the securities market, including brokerage, dealer, and depository.

The authorized capital of Sberbank of Russia is formed in the amount of 67760844000 rubles. It is equal to the total amount of the nominal value of the Bank's shares acquired by Cbr.ru shareholders Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017. .

The Bank placed 21586948000 ordinary shares with a par value of 3 rubles and 1000000000 preferred shares with a par value of 3 rubles.

The authorized capital determines the minimum amount of bank property that guarantees the interests of its creditors.

The par value of the issued preferred shares should not exceed 25% of the bank's authorized capital.

All shares of Sberbank of Russia are registered. The Bank has placed ordinary shares and preferred shares of the same type - with the mandatory payment of a certain dividend in the amount of not less than 15% of the par value of the preferred share.

Shareholders - owners of preferred shares participate in the General Meeting of Shareholders with the right to vote when deciding on the reorganization or liquidation of the bank, as well as on the release of the bank from the obligation to disclose or provide information provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation on securities.

The Bank has complete economic independence in matters of distribution of profit after taxation (net profit).

After-tax profits are distributed among shareholders in the form of dividends and used to form a reserve fund. Profits not allocated for payment as dividends and to the reserve fund remain at the disposal of the Bank in the form of retained earnings.

The bank forms a reserve fund in the amount of at least 5% of the authorized capital.

The reserve fund is formed by annual contributions in the amount of at least 5% of net profit until the established amount is reached.

Decisions on the payment of annual dividends and their amount are made by the General Meeting of Shareholders on the recommendation of the Supervisory Board of the bank. Dividends are paid once a year. Dividends are paid to shareholders in cash, net of tax, within 30 days from the date of the decision to pay dividends.

The Bank pays insurance premiums to the Compulsory Deposit Insurance Fund for Individuals by transferring funds.

Sberbank of Russia guarantees the secrecy of transactions, accounts and deposits of clients and correspondents. All employees of Sberbank of Russia are obliged to strictly observe the secrecy of transactions, accounts and deposits of the bank’s clients and its correspondents, as well as the bank’s commercial secrets.

The bank maintains accounting records and provides financial and other reporting.

The executive bodies of the bank are responsible for the reliability of the information contained in the reporting of Sberbank of Russia.

The grounds, procedure, forms of reorganization and liquidation of Sberbank of Russia are determined in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.2 Characteristics of the organizational and management structures of Sberbank PJSC

Organizational structure is a set of bank divisions that perform the functions assigned to them. The purpose of the organizational structure is to manage the functioning of the bank. Zhukov E.F. Banks and non-bank credit organizations and their operations. M., 2013. P. 87. .

The organizational structure of a commercial bank is determined, first of all, by its organizational and legal form of ownership, which determines the organizational structure of the bank, which, of course, is reflected in the bank’s Charter.

The organizational structure of the bank includes functional divisions and services of the bank, each of which has certain rights and responsibilities.

The choice of the optimal organizational structure of a bank is an important condition for the efficiency of labor organization in the bank as a whole and its successful commercial activities.

The main criterion for the organizational structure of a bank is the economic content and volume of operations performed by the bank.

The management structure of the bank includes functional divisions and services, the number of which is determined by the economic content and volume of operations performed by the bank, which are reflected in the License for the bank to carry out banking activities.

As of December 31, 2016, Sberbank PJSC has 14 territorial banks, 79 branches of territorial banks and 15,016 customer service points in the Russian Federation.

The governing bodies of Sberbank are: General Meeting of Shareholders, Supervisory Board, Management Board of the Bank. The Board is headed by the President and Chairman of the Board of the Bank.

The organizational structure of Sberbank PJSC is presented in Figure 1.

The General Meeting of Shareholders is the highest governing body of Sberbank of Russia. At the General Meeting of Shareholders, decisions are made on the main issues of the Bank's activities. Held once a year. The General Meeting of Shareholders resolves the following issues: approval of the annual report, considers the report of the audit commission, the management report, the procedure for the distribution of profits and its use (the amount and procedure for paying dividends), the development plan for the next year, determines the development strategy of the bank, elects the Bank Council.

Figure 1 - Organizational structure of Sberbank PJSC

In accordance with the Charter, the general management of the bank's activities is carried out by the Supervisory Board. The competence of the Supervisory Board includes issues of determining priority areas of the bank’s activities, appointment of members of the Management Board and early termination of their powers, issues of convening and preparing General Meetings of Shareholders, recommendations on the amount of dividends on shares, periodic hearing of reports from the President, Chairman of the Management Board on the activities of the bank and other issues.

Committees of the Supervisory Board are bodies created for preliminary consideration of the most important issues within the competence of the Supervisory Board and the preparation of recommendations on them. The formation of Committees is carried out annually from among the members of the Supervisory Board. Each Committee includes independent directors. Committees promote working interaction with the bank’s management bodies. The decisions of the Committees are advisory in nature. The Supervisory Board committees and their powers are presented in Table 1.

Table 1 - Characteristics of the Committees of the Supervisory Board Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017.

Committee name	Authority
Audit Committee	Carries out a preliminary assessment of candidates for bank auditors, prepares recommendations to the Supervisory Board on the selection of an audit organization for approval at the general meeting of shareholders, reviews the conclusions of the auditor and the Audit Commission, and evaluates the effectiveness of internal control.
Personnel and Remuneration Committee	Develops principles and criteria for determining the amount of remuneration for members of the Supervisory Board and executive bodies of the bank, determines criteria for selecting candidates for members of the Supervisory Board and executive bodies of the bank, and also carries out a preliminary assessment of these candidates
Strategic Planning Committee	reviews and assesses long-term trends in the development of the banking operations market, analyzes projects for the bank's strategic development, develops proposals for the formation of the bank's policy in the field of risk management, analyzes and evaluates the adequacy and effectiveness of the bank's risk management systems

Management of the bank's current activities is carried out by the President, Chairman of the Board and the Management Board.

The Management Board is a collegial executive management body. The Board preliminarily discusses all issues to be considered by the General Meeting of Shareholders and the Supervisory Board of the bank, determines the bank’s policy in the field of risk management and other areas of activity, discusses reports of the heads of divisions of the central office of the bank and heads of territorial banks on the results of activities, organizes the introduction into the practice of the bank of the most progressive banking technologies, implements projects for comprehensive automation of banking operations, ensures the creation of modern banking infrastructure, and resolves current issues of the bank's activities.

Committees of the Bank: the retail lending committee ensures the implementation of the bank’s policy in the field of lending to individuals, the personnel management committee ensures the implementation of the bank’s Development Strategy in terms of personnel management, the process and technology committee ensures the implementation of the bank’s Development Strategy in terms of the development of processes and technologies, etc. .d Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017. .

The bank has a permanent collegial working body - the Board of the Bank, which includes members of the Bank's Management Board, heads of territorial and subsidiary banks. The Collegium is a platform for active discussion of strategic issues of the bank’s development and development of optimal solutions that take into account the characteristics of the regions.

To exercise control over the financial and economic activities of the bank, the annual General Meeting of Shareholders elects an Audit Commission of 7 people. The Audit Commission checks the bank's compliance with legislative and other acts regulating its activities, the establishment of internal control in the bank, and the legality of the transactions performed. The Audit Commission assesses the reliability of the data included in the annual report and contained in the bank’s annual financial statements.

1.3 Types of activities of Sberbank PJSC

PJSC Sberbank was created with the aim of attracting temporarily free funds of the population and enterprises, and their effective placement on the terms of repayment, payment, urgency, in the interests of the bank's depositors and in the interests of the development of the national economy.

Main activities of the Bank Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017. :

Corporate business - providing services to corporate clients and organizations for servicing settlement and current accounts, opening deposits, providing all types of financing, guarantees, servicing foreign trade transactions, collection services, etc.;

Retail business - provision of banking services to clients - individuals for accepting funds on deposit, lending, servicing bank cards, transactions with precious metals, currency exchange transactions, money transfers, payments, storage of valuables, etc.;

Operations in financial markets - operations with securities, operations to place and raise funds on the interbank market, to attract long-term funds on capital markets, operations with foreign currency and derivative financial instruments, as well as other operations on financial markets.

As part of the listed areas of activity, Sberbank offers clients a wide range of banking products and services.

Sberbank of Russia carries out the following banking operations Ibid. :

Raising funds from individuals and legal entities (on demand and for a certain period);

Placement of raised funds on your own behalf and at your own expense;

Opening and maintaining bank accounts for individuals and legal entities;

Transfers of funds on behalf of individuals and legal entities, including correspondent banks, through their bank accounts;

Collection of funds, bills, payment and settlement documents and cash services for individuals and legal entities;

Purchase and sale of foreign currency in cash and non-cash forms;

Attraction of deposits and placement of precious metals;

Issuance of bank guarantees;

Transfers of funds without opening bank accounts, including electronic funds (except for postal transfers).

In addition to banking operations, the bank carries out the following transactions Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017. :

Issuance of guarantees for third parties providing for the fulfillment of obligations in monetary form;

Acquiring the right to demand from third parties the fulfillment of obligations in monetary form;

Trust management of funds and other property under agreements with individuals and legal entities;

Transactions with precious metals and precious stones in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;

Providing for rent to individuals and legal entities special premises or safes located in them for storing documents and valuables;

Leasing operations;

Providing consulting and information services.

“Blagoveshchensk branch of Sberbank of Russia” provides services for individuals and legal entities: consumer loans, educational loans, mortgages, car loans, credit cards, loan refinancing. Accepts deposits: time deposit, online deposit, settlement deposit, savings certificate, DIA payments, compensation for deposits, as well as account tracing. The Blagoveshchensk branch is part of the Far Eastern Bank with a central office in Khabarovsk, which serves the population and business in the Khabarovsk, Primorsky territories, Amur and Sakhalin regions, Jewish Autonomous Region Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. website. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - 09.29.2017. .

2. Analysis of the main economic indicators of PJSC SBERBANK

2.1 Horizontal analysis of assets, equity capital and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC

Using horizontal analysis, we will study the change in the final balance sheet indicators of Sberbank over time. Let's trace the changes that occurred over the previous and previous years.

In the table, based on the financial statements presented in the appendix, a horizontal analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC was carried out.

Table 2 - Horizontal analysis of assets of PJSC Sberbank

	Indicator values	Horizontal analysis
			Absolute change	Relative change, %

Assets, total
Cash
In the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Required reserves


Net loans outstanding
Net investments in securities and other financial assets available



Deferred tax asset


Other assets

Having examined the horizontal analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC, it is clear that the volume of assets as of 01/01/2017 decreased compared to the previous period by 985,837,610 million rubles. or by 4.54%. This is due to a decrease in the volume of cash by 19.18%, funds from credit institutions by 2.31%, financial assets assessed at fair value through profit or loss by 187.23%, net investments in securities and other financial assets available available for sale by 2.06%.

At the same time, as of 01/01/2017, compared to 01/01/2016, the funds of credit institutions in the Central Bank increased by 39.34%, required reserves by 23.49%, investments in subsidiaries and dependent organizations by 22.43%, and also long-term assets held for sale increased by 22.33%.

Table 3 contains a horizontal analysis of the equity capital and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC.

Table 3 - Horizontal analysis of equity capital and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC

	Indicator values	Horizontal analysis
			Absolute change	Relative change, %



Funds from credit institutions


Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss



Other obligations
Provisions for possible losses on contingent credit obligations, other possible losses and transactions with residents of offshore zones
Total liabilities
Sources of own funds


Share premium
Reserve fund
Revaluation of securities at fair value

This table shows that the liabilities of Sberbank PJSC as of 01/01/2017 compared to the previous periods decreased by 1486605889 million rubles. or by 7.87%.

This is due to a decrease in loans, deposits and other funds of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation by 0.32%, funds from credit institutions by 0.69%, funds from clients other than credit institutions by 4.98%, financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss of 112.08%, debt issued by 6.02%, deferred tax liability by 422.13%.

Having examined the horizontal analysis of the equity capital of Sberbank PJSC, we can conclude that as of 01/01/2017, compared to the previous period, the sources of equity capital increased by 500,768,279 million rubles. or by 17.7%. This is due to an increase in income from the revaluation of securities at fair value by 216.36%; there was also an increase in retained earnings from previous years by 7.99% and unused earnings for the reporting period by 56.17%.

2.2 Vertical analysis of assets, equity and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC

Using vertical analysis, we will consider the structure of the final balance sheet data in the form of relative values, and also analyze the change in balance sheet items compared to previous years.

In Table 4, based on the financial statements presented in the appendix, a vertical analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC was carried out

Table 4 - Vertical analysis of assets of PJSC Sberbank

	Indicator values	Vertical analysis

Assets, total
Cash

Required reserves
Funds in credit institutions
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Net loans outstanding
Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates
Net investments in securities held to maturity
Current income tax requirements
Deferred tax asset
Fixed assets, intangible assets and inventories
Long-term assets held for sale
Other assets

Having examined the vertical analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC, we can conclude that as of 01/01/2017, the largest share in the total assets is occupied by net debt (74.68%). The same can be said about 2016: the net court debt is 74.29%.

Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale as of 01/01/2017 in total assets amounted to 10.45%, funds from credit institutions in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation - 4.45%. Long-term assets intended for sale have the smallest share in the total volume of assets - 0.03%.

In Table 5, based on the financial statements presented in the appendix, a vertical analysis of the equity capital and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC was carried out.

Table 5 - Vertical analysis of equity capital and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC

	Indicator values	Vertical analysis



Total liabilities
Loans, deposits and other funds of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Funds from credit institutions
Funds of clients who are not credit institutions
Deposits (funds) of individuals, including individual entrepreneurs
Financial liabilities measured at fair value
Debt issued
Current income tax liability
Deferred tax liability
Other obligations
Provisions for possible losses on credit related commitments
Sources of own funds
Total sources of own funds
Funds of shareholders (participants)
Own shares (shares) purchased from shareholders
Share premium
Reserve fund
Revaluation at fair value of securities available for sale
Revaluation of fixed assets reduced by deferred tax liability
Revaluation of long-term benefit obligations
Revaluation of hedging instruments
Funds of gratuitous financing
Retained earnings from previous years
Unused profit for the reporting period

The table shows that as of January 1, 2017, in the total volume of liabilities, the largest share is occupied by funds of clients who are not credit institutions - 89.36%. Then 57.89% belongs to the deposits of individuals, including individual entrepreneurs. The smallest share in the bank's liabilities is occupied by current income tax liabilities - 0.03%. In 2016, the largest share also consisted of funds from clients who are not credit institutions - 86.97%, then 50.16% belonged to deposits of individuals and individual entrepreneurs.

Having examined the vertical analysis of the sources of own funds, we can conclude that as of 01/01/2017, the largest share in the total volume is retained earnings of previous years - 68.79%. Unused profit for the reporting period is 17.61%. The smallest share in the total equity capital is made up of the reserve fund - 0.12%.

3. Characteristics of operations of PJSC SBERBANK

3.1 Characteristics of active operations of Sberbank PJSC

Active operations of the Savings Bank are associated with the provision of loans to banks, organizations and the population within the limits of the resources at its disposal. Active operations also include all types of operations with securities. Carrying out active operations leads to an increase in funds in active accounts, reflecting cash, bank loans, investments in equipment, buildings, securities, etc.

Active operations include:

Operations involving the placement of funds in securities;

Interbank lending;

Loans to legal entities and individuals.

When lending to legal entities, Sberbank of Russia adheres to the following directions:

1 Support for the following industries and sectors of the economy:

Industries that guarantee satisfaction of the daily and most basic living needs of the population (retail chains, pharmacies, etc.);

Industries performing life-supporting functions (electricity and water supply, transport, etc.);

Defense-industrial complex;

Small business;

Agriculture.

2 Support for existing clients of Sberbank of Russia and the Bank’s fulfillment of the legal obligations already assumed for lending under concluded agreements, support for the Bank’s borrowers whose continuity of activity is critical for other borrowers of Sberbank of Russia.

3 Lending working capital and current business needs of clients.

In relation to individuals, Sberbank of Russia follows the following priorities:

Increases the availability of loans by offering various ways to repay them - equal monthly (annuity) or differentiated payments, with mandatory explanation to clients of all the possibilities and limitations of a particular type of payment;

Helps clients avoid taking on excessive debt loads by increasing attention to individual solvency when issuing new loans;

Maintains the entire line of retail loan products and continues to optimize it, taking into account the need to maintain the quality of the loan portfolio;

Provides increased financial literacy of the population, consultations and explanations on all products and services of the bank;

Strengthens efforts to maintain and improve the quality of the loan portfolio, carefully assessing the financial capabilities of borrowers and the proposed collateral.

Sberbank PJSC provides the following types of loans:

1) consumer loan;

2) mortgage loan;

3) credit cards.

Consumer credit is a loan provided directly to citizens (households) for the purchase of consumer goods. Such a loan is taken not only for the purchase of durable goods (apartments, furniture, cars, etc.), but also for other purchases (mobile phones, household appliances, food). It comes either in the form of selling goods with deferred payment, or in the form of providing a bank loan for consumer purposes, including through credit cards. In this case, a fairly high percentage is charged.

Table 6 shows the characteristics of consumer loans of Sberbank PJSC

Table 6 - Characteristics of consumer loans of Sberbank PJSC

Type of consumer loan	Description	Amount of credit	Interest rate	Credit term
Consumer loan without collateral	The loan is allocated for any purpose without collateral or guarantee	Up to 3,000,000 rub.	From 13.9% per year
Consumer loan guaranteed by individuals	Issued under the guarantee of two persons meeting the criteria for the borrower	Up to 5,000,000 rub.	From 12.9% per year
Non-targeted loan secured by real estate	The main condition is collateral of your own real estate.	Up to 10,000,000 rubles, should not exceed 70% of the assessed value of the property	From 12% per year
Consumer loans to military personnel - participants of the NIS (savings and mortgage system)	For any purpose, including as an additional payment for the purchased apartment	Maximum loan amount: RUB 500,000. (without collateral), 1,000,000 rub. (with registration of a guarantee from an individual).	13.5% (with collateral), 14.5% (without collateral).
Loan to individuals running personal subsidiary plots	Special loan program for owners of personal subsidiary plots.	No more than RUB 1,500,000. per farm
Consumer loan for refinancing	Applying for a loan to refinance debt.	Up to 3,000,000 rub.	13.9% and 14.9% per year

The appendix provides a list of requirements for borrowers and required documents for each type of consumer loan. Mortgage loan is a long-term loan secured by real estate (land, home, etc.). Table 7 provides characteristics of mortgage loans of Sberbank PJSC.

Table 7 - Characteristics of mortgage loans of Sberbank PJSC

Type of mortgage loan	Description	Amount of credit	Interest rate	Credit term
Purchase of finished housing	A loan for the purchase of an apartment or other residential premises on the secondary real estate market.	From 300,000 rub.	From 8.9% per year
Promotion for new buildings	A loan for the purchase of housing under construction or housing in a finished new building from the selling company.	From 300,000 rub.	From 7.5% per year
Mortgage plus maternity capital	When purchasing housing on credit, maternity capital funds can be used as a down payment.	From 300,000 rub.	From 8.9% per year
Construction of a residential building	Loan for individual construction of a residential building.	From 300,000 rub.	From 10% per year
country estate	Loan for the purchase and construction of a summer house (garden house) and other buildings for consumer purposes.	From 300,000 rub.	From 9.5% per year
Military mortgage	A loan for the purchase of an apartment, residential building or other residential premises on the secondary real estate market, as well as for purchase on the primary real estate market.	Up to RUB 2,200,000	10.9% per year

The appendix presents the requirements for borrowers and the required documents for each type of mortgage loan.

The technology for issuing loans at Sberbank PJSC is presented in Table 8.

Table 8 - Technology for issuing loans

Name	Characteristic
Review period loan application	Within 2 business days from the date of submission of the full package of documents to the Bank.
Procedure for granting a loan	The loan is provided at a time, no later than 30 calendar days from the date the Bank makes a positive decision to provide the loan. The date of actual provision of the Loan is the date the loan is credited to the bank card account opened with Sberbank PJSC.
Loan repayment procedure	Annuity (equal) payments.
Partial or full early repayment of the loan	Carried out upon application at a Bank branch. The application must contain the date of early repayment, the amount and the account from which the funds will be transferred. The application for early repayment is executed on the early repayment date specified in the application, which may fall on a working day, a weekend or a holiday. The minimum amount of early repayment is unlimited. There is no early repayment fee.
Penalty for late loan repayment	The penalty for late repayment of a consumer loan is 20% per annum of the amount of the overdue payment for the period of delay from the date following the date of fulfillment of the obligation established by the Agreement until the date of repayment of the Overdue Debt under the Agreement (inclusive). The penalty for late repayment of a mortgage loan corresponds to the key rate of the Bank of Russia

Credit card is a bank payment card intended for performing transactions, settlements for which are carried out exclusively at the expense of funds provided by the bank to the client within the established limit in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement.

Table 9 presents the characteristics of Sberbank PJSC credit cards and the requirements applicable to borrowers.

Table 9 - Characteristics of Sberbank PJSC credit cards and requirements applicable to borrowers

Credit card type	Description	Maintenance cost	Credit	Loan interest	Client requirements
Classic MasterCard	Credit card for daily use	From 0 to 750 rub. in year	Up to 600,000 rub.	From 23.9% to 27.9% per year	Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years, permanent registration on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Gold MasterCard	A credit card for daily use, including a set of additional services, special offers and discounts	From 0 to 3000 rub. in year	Up to 600,000 rub.	From 23.9% to 27.9% per year	Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Premium card MasterCard World Black Edition	A credit card will allow you to return up to 10% of the cost of purchases with bonuses THANK YOU	4900 rub. in year	Up to 3,000,000 rub.	From 21.9% per year	Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration in the territory of the Russian Federation, total work experience of at least 1 year over the last 5 years and period of work at the current place of at least 6 months
Classic Visa card "Aeroflot"	The credit card allows you to accumulate Aeroflot Bonus miles and exchange them for award tickets from Aeroflot airlines or Sky Team alliance companies	900 rub. in year	Up to 600,000 rub.	From 23.9% to 27.9%	Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation, total work experience of at least 1 year over the last 5 years and period of work at the current place of at least 6 months.
Aeroflot Gold Visa Card	The credit card allows you to accumulate Aeroflot Bonus miles and take advantage of special offers	3500 rub. in year	Up to 600,000 rub.	From 23.9% to 27.9% per year	Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years inclusive, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Aeroflot premium Visa Signature card	Credit card that allows you to accumulate more Aeroflot Bonus miles	12,000 rub. in year	From 300,000 to 3,000,000 rubles.	21.9% per year	Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years inclusive, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation
Classic Visa card “Give Life”	50% of the cost of the first year of service and 0.3% of each purchase goes to a charitable foundation	From 0 to 900 rub. in year	Up to 600,000 rub.	From 23.9% to 27.9% per year	citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation, a total work experience of at least 1 year over the last 5 years and a period of work at the current place of work of at least 6 months.

A credit card can be issued at any branch of Sberbank PJSC. Necessary documents for registration: Russian passport and application form for a credit card. The loan term is 3 years.

Thus, Sberbank PJSC provides a wide range of services in the field of lending, taking into account the needs of various client groups.

3.2 Characteristics of passive operations of Sberbank PJSC

Deposit operations are bank operations to attract funds from legal entities and individuals into deposits either for a certain period or on demand.

When considering a bank's deposit policy as one of the elements of banking policy as a whole, it is necessary to proceed from the fact that the main goal of deposit policy is to attract the largest possible volume of monetary resources at the lowest price.

The successful implementation of this multifaceted goal of the bank’s deposit policy involves solving, in the process of its formation, such tasks as:

Assistance in the process of conducting deposit operations in obtaining bank profits or creating conditions for making profits in the future;

Maintaining the required level of banking liquidity;

Ensuring diversification of subjects of deposit operations and a combination of different forms of deposits;

Maintaining the relationship and mutual consistency between deposit operations and operations for issuing loans in the amounts and terms of deposits and loan investments;

Minimizing available funds in deposit accounts;

Carrying out a flexible interest rate policy;

Constantly searching for ways and means to reduce interest costs on attracted resources;

Development of banking services and improvement of the quality and culture of customer service.

The successful implementation of the goals and objectives set by the bank in the process of developing and implementing the deposit policy largely depends on the effectiveness of the functioning of the deposit policy formation mechanism.

Each of the stages in the formation of Sberbank’s deposit policy is directly related to the others and is mandatory for the formation of an optimal deposit policy and the correct organization of the deposit process. Various structural divisions of the bank take part in the process of developing the bank’s deposit policy mechanism.

By maturity, deposits are divided into demand deposits and time deposits.

Demand deposit - under the agreement, the credit institution undertakes to return the invested funds at any time upon the client’s first request. Since the bank does not accept deposits for a certain period, the rate on such a deposit is minimal - on average no more than 0.1%.

Time deposit - deposits are placed for a certain period specified in the agreement. The most common deposits are for three, six months or one year. In order to receive the full interest rate, you must keep the money in the deposit for the entire term of the agreement. Otherwise, the bank will return the deposit, but with a significantly reduced interest rate - as a rule, at the level of the rate on demand deposits.

Time deposits can, in turn, be divided into separate subtypes according to their purpose: savings, savings or settlement. The simplest of them is savings. For such a deposit, replenishment and partial withdrawal operations are prohibited. Savings deposits typically have the highest rates.

Savings deposits are designed for those who would like to replenish the deposit during the term of the agreement. They are intended for those who would like to save up some large amount (for example, for an expensive purchase).

A settlement deposit allows the client to maintain, to one degree or another, control over his funds, manage his savings by making incoming or outgoing transactions. Another name for this type of deposit is universal deposits. Current deposits can also be either expense-replenishable or expendable.

The types of deposits may also differ depending on who they are intended for.

The deposit for individuals is intended for ordinary citizens. Such deposits are protected by the deposit insurance system.

Deposit for legal entities is a type of deposit designed for organizations. With its help, companies place temporarily free funds. By agreement between the bank and the legal entity, early withdrawal of funds from the deposit may be prohibited, and this does not contradict current legislation. In addition, deposits of legal entities are not subject to the deposit insurance system.

Special deposits are usually offered to a narrower group of people.

For example, banks can develop special products for pensioners, students, etc. At PJSC Sberbank, this type of deposit includes the “Social” deposit. This is a special contribution for children left without parental care. The deposit is issued for 3 years, the minimum amount is 1 ruble, the interest rate is 4.06% in rubles.

Table 10 - Characteristics of time deposits for individuals in Sberbank PJSC

Type of deposit	Description	Minimum deposit amount	Interest rate	Deposit term
Deposit “Save Online”	Online deposit for reliably saving savings and receiving guaranteed income.		From 4.05% to 5.63%	From 1 month to 3 years inclusive
Deposit “Replenish Online”	A replenishable deposit for those who prefer to save and regularly set aside their funds.		From 3.95% to 5.12%
Deposit "Manage Online"	Online deposit for free money management with the ability to use part of the funds without losing interest.		From 3.25% to 4.82%	From 3 months to 3 years inclusive
“Gift of Life” contribution	Contribution to help children with serious illnesses. Every 3 months Sberbank transfers to the Gift of Life charity fund an amount of 0.3% per annum of the deposit amount
savings account

The history of Sberbank of Russia began more than 170 years ago, in the 19th century. For almost two centuries, the bank has gained the status of the country's largest financial institution.

Sberbank today is a modern universal bank that offers a wide range of services for all groups of clients and actively participates in the social and economic life of the country.

Attracting funds from private clients and ensuring their safety is the basis of Sberbank’s business, and the development of mutually beneficial relationships with depositors is the key to its successful work. At the end of 2014, 44.7% of citizens' savings stored in Russian banks were entrusted to Sberbank.

Sberbank's loan portfolio includes about a third of all loans issued in the country (33% of retail and 33% of corporate loans). Sberbank actively lends to major corporate clients, providing funds to finance current activities and investment programs, refinance loans from other banks, purchase assets and carry out mergers and acquisitions, finance leasing transactions, expenses for participation in tenders, and housing construction. As in previous years, Sberbank is directly involved in the implementation of government programs.

Sberbank of Russia has a unique branch network: it currently includes 17 territorial banks and about 18 thousand branches throughout the country. Sberbank is constantly developing trade and export financing, and in 2015 plans to increase the share of net profit received outside Russia to 5%. Subsidiary banks of Sberbank of Russia operate in Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Belarus. In accordance with the Development Strategy, Sberbank of Russia expanded its international presence by opening a representative office in Germany and a branch in India, as well as registering a representative office in China.

The reliability and impeccable reputation of Sberbank of Russia is confirmed by high ratings from leading rating agencies. Fitch Ratings assigned Sberbank of Russia a long-term default rating in foreign currency of "BBB", and Moody's Investors Service assigned a long-term rating of deposits in foreign currency "Baa1". In addition, Moody's assigned the Bank the highest rating on the national scale.

From January 2013-2015 Sberbank of Russia demonstrated high operational efficiency and improved financial reporting, which was an objective indicator of successful, efficient and dynamic business development. The main performance indicators of the bank are presented in table 2.5, in more detail in Appendix B.

The bank's capital during the analyzed period 01.2013-01.2015 increased from 1,679,091 million rubles. up to RUB 2,002,947 million

During 2013-2015, total assets increased by 2,714,724 million rubles (19.3%) and amounted to 16,326,363 million rubles as of 01.2015. (01.2014 - 13,611,639 million rubles, 01.2012 - 10,465,078 million rubles). This growth was caused by an increase in the securities portfolio and an increase in the volume of customer lending.

Table 2.5 - Main balance sheet items of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2013 -2015

In million rubles

Individual funds held in the accounts of Sberbank of Russia PJSC increased by 1,375,743 million rubles (20.6%) and amounted to 8,041,492 million as of 01.2015. rubles, and funds from legal entities increased by 381,988 (13.7%).

The amount of loans issued to individuals for the year (from 01.2014 to 01.2015) increased by 804,595 million rubles. (31.8%). As for loans to legal entities, the growth occurred by 15.1%, namely by 1,124,979 million rubles.

In 2013, profit before taxes (paid on profits) of Sberbank increased by 55,932 million rubles; in 2014, this figure continued to grow, and in 2015, profit before taxes amounted to 480,508 million rubles. (2013 - 383,655 million rubles, 2014 - 440,482 million rubles). Due to the growth in profit before taxes, the volume of net profit increased, which amounted to 310,495 million rubles in 2013, 346,175 million rubles in 2014, and 392,635 million rubles in 2015, which is 13. 4% exceeds the 2014 figure.

The increase in net profit for 2013-2015 led to an increase in profitability indicators. For 2013-2015, the bank demonstrated high performance results, which is confirmed by a return on equity of 22.0% (2014), return on assets of 2.7% (2014). Profitability indicators decreased compared to 2013.

The main items of the financial results statement, as well as the qualitative indicators of the bank's activities are reflected in table 2.6.

Table 2.6 - Performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia PJSC

In million rubles

Dynamics of the main performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia for 2012 - 2014. are presented in Figure 2.9.

Figure 2.9 - Dynamics of the main items of the financial results statement of Sberbank of Russia

In the period from 2012 to 2014, profit before taxes paid on profits increased by 14.6%, and in 2014 this figure increased by 9.1% compared to 2013 and amounted to 480,508 million rubles. As for net profit, in 2013 this figure increased by 10.9%, in 2014 - by 13.4% and amounted to 392,635 billion rubles.

Sberbank of Russia is the largest bank in the Russian Federation and the CIS. Its assets make up more than a quarter of the country's banking system (26%), and its share in bank capital is at 30% (2011). Founded in 1841, Sberbank of Russia today is a modern universal bank that meets the needs of various groups of clients in a wide range of banking services. Sberbank occupies the largest share in the deposit market and is the main creditor of the Russian economy. Table 2.7 shows Sberbank's share in the Russian market.

Table 2.7 - Share of Sberbank of Russia PJSC in the Russian market

This table shows that Sberbank’s share in the capital of the banking sector increased to 28.2%, and the bank’s share in the assets of the banking sector decreased slightly from 29% in 2013 to 28.7% in 2014.

Sberbank's share in the personal lending market in the Kaliningrad region as of 01/01/2014 was 29.8%; as of 01/01/2015, this figure increased by 0.5% and amounted to 30.3%.

It should be noted that in 2012-2013 there were no changes in credit ratings.

Thus, the BBB rating of the international rating agency Fitch Ratings indicates currently low expectations for credit risks; the ability to repay financial obligations on time is assessed as adequate, however, negative changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to reduce this ability.

Since 2014, the bank has begun implementing a new Development Strategy. In the Development Strategy of Sberbank for the period 2014 - 2018. Five main areas of development or strategic themes have been identified. Focused work in these areas should ensure the achievement of the financial and quality goals that the bank has set for itself for the period until the end of 2018:

- with a client for life: building very deep trusting relationships with clients with the goal of becoming a useful, sometimes invisible and integral part of their lives, and with the goal of exceeding client expectations;
- team and culture: the desire to ensure that Sberbank’s employees and corporate culture become one of the main sources of competitive advantage;
- technological breakthrough: completion of the bank’s technological modernization and integration of all the latest technologies and innovations into the business;
- financial performance: increasing the financial return of the business, thanks to more effective cost management and risk-return ratio;
- mature organization: development of organizational and management skills, creation of processes corresponding to the scale and level of ambitions of Sberbank.

Also, within the framework of the Strategy, key guidelines for the development of the bank are defined in terms of profitability and profitability of the business, growth of operating income, and risk management. These financial goals are related to the task of maintaining leadership in terms of financial efficiency and business profitability among comparable banks. The financial goals of the Development Strategy of PJSC Sberbank of Russia are presented in table 2.9.

Table 2.9 - Financial goals of the Sberbank Development Strategy for the period 2014 - 2018

To move towards achieving these goals, starting from 2014, the bank strives to ensure profit growth through balanced work in the following areas: ensuring stable growth in operating income, maintaining a balanced portfolio, achieving high operational efficiency in each area of the bank’s work, increasing the efficiency of cost management .

Indicators

Absolute off(+/-)

Growth rate (%)

billion rubles

billion rubles

billion rubles

Deposits from individuals persons

Return on assets, %

Return on equity,%

· The total capital of the Bank, calculated in accordance with the Regulation of the Bank of Russia dated December 28, 2012 No. 395-P “On the methodology for determining the amount of equity (capital) of credit institutions (Basel III)”, increased compared to January 1, 2016 by 117.2 billion rubles, up to 2,775.3 billion rubles. The source of capital growth was earned profit. Return on assets increased from 0.8% to 2.0%, due to an increase in net profit.

Return on equity for the 1st half of 2016 increased from 8.0% to 18.9% due to an increase in net profit.

· Net assets decreased compared to January 1, 2016 by 3.7%, or 0.8 trillion. rubles, up to 21.9 trillion. rubles The dynamics of net assets was strongly influenced by the negative revaluation of foreign currency items on the balance sheet as a result of the strengthening of the ruble. Thus, net loan debt decreased by 0.7 trillion compared to the beginning of the year. rubles, or by 4.0%, which was a consequence of the revaluation of foreign currency loans to legal entities and non-resident banks. Also, the dynamics of net loan debt was influenced by the investment of part of the funds previously placed in bank loans in more profitable instruments, in particular, in securities. Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale increased by 16.1%, or 0.4 trillion. rubles up to 2.7 trillion. rubles The growth of investments in subsidiaries and affiliates is associated with the capitalization of subsidiaries. Reduction in cash balances since the beginning of the year by 0.3 trillion. rubles, or 34.4%, which took place mainly in January, is explained by a seasonal decrease in demand for cash compared to the New Year holidays. 12

· Client funds remain the basis of the Bank's resource base. Since the beginning of the year, their balance has decreased by 0.7 trillion. rubles, or 3.9%, to a value of 17.0 trillion. rubles The dynamics of customer funds was affected by the negative revaluation of foreign currency balances.

· The financial result (including other comprehensive income from the revaluation of securities for sale) amounted to 295.1 billion rubles, which is 89.3 billion rubles, or 43.4%, more than the same period last year.

Liquidity indicators of Sberbank of Russia PJSC are presented in Table 2. commercial depository bank

During the 1st half of 2016, the total volume of assets of Sberbank of Russia PJSC decreased by 831 billion rubles and at the end of the 2nd quarter amounted to 21,876 billion rubles (versus 22,707 billion rubles at the beginning of the year).

The main factors that determined the dynamics of assets were:

· reduction in the amount of net loan debt (decrease over the year by 682 billion rubles to the level of 16,188 billion rubles);

· a decrease in the volume of cash by 252 billion rubles due to a decrease in demand for cash from clients;

· revaluation of assets at fair value through profit or loss (for 2015 - by 155 billion rubles),

· growth in investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale, as well as an increase in investments in subsidiaries and dependent organizations (a total of 598 billion rubles over six months).

An analysis of any type of bank activity must begin with an assessment of the bank’s position in the market, its competitiveness, as well as with a study of the changes that have occurred in the market itself. From January 2010 to 2012, Sberbank of Russia demonstrated high operational efficiency, as a result of which it improved its financial reporting. The main performance indicators of the bank can be seen in table 1. The Bank's capital during the analyzed period 01.2010-01.2012 increased from 848.2 million rubles. up to 1156.9 million rubles. During 2010-2011, total assets increased by 3322 million rubles (42.3%) and amounted to 10419 million rubles as of 01.2012. This growth was caused by an increase in the securities portfolio and an increase in the volume of customer lending. Let's consider the dynamics of the main performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012 in Table 1.

Table 1. Dynamics of the main performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Indicators					Absolute off(+/-)		Growth rate (%)

	billion rubles	billion rubles	billion rubles	2012/2010		2012/2010


Net interest income
Profit before tax
Net profit

Having analyzed the main economic indicators of the activities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for the period from 2010 to 2012, we can draw the following conclusion. In 2010, the bank's capital increased by 601.6 billion rubles. and in 2012 amounted to 1651.5 billion rubles. Also, during the period from 2010 to 2012, the bank’s assets increased by 5058 billion rubles; Sberbank's profit increased by 232.5 billion rubles; in 2011, this figure continued to grow and in 2012 the profit amounted to 474.7 billion rubles.

As a result of the growth in profits, the volume of net profit also increased, which amounted to 346.1 billion rubles in 2012. The increase in net profit for 2010-2011 led to an increase in profitability indicators.

Thus, the activities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC are quite effective in the process of performing active and passive operations, as evidenced by the calculated indicators in Table 1.

Conducting a horizontal and vertical balance sheet analysis is the initial stage of assessing the financial condition of a commercial bank. Balance analysis is carried out using a deductive method.

An analysis of the structure of assets and liabilities is carried out to determine the degree of diversification of banking operations and identify dangers. For a more detailed analysis of Sberbank of Russia OJSC, tables of the structure and dynamics of assets and liabilities will be given below.

In Table 2, we consider the dynamics of balance sheet assets of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010 - 2012.

Table 2. Dynamics of balance sheet assets of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010 - 2012

Index	Absolute off (+/-)	Growth rate, %


Cash
Funds in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Funds in credit institutions
Net investments in securities
Net loans outstanding
Fixed assets, inventories
Other assets
Total assets

From the table data it is clear that for the period from 01.2010 to 01.2012:

· cash increased by 402,749 million rubles. and for 2012 amounted to 725,052 million rubles.

· part of the funds that are in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation gradually increased by an average of 252,283 million rubles. and as of 01.2012 amounted to 381,208 million rubles;

· net investments in securities in 2010 increased by 108.3% and ultimately amounted to RUB 2,005,377 million in 2012;

· cash invested in other assets increased during this period by approximately 140% and in 2012 amounted to 177,875 million rubles.

Table 3. Structure of balance sheet assets of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010 - 2012

Indicators


Cash
Funds in Prices Bank of the Russian Federation
Funds in credit authorities.
Clean ow. in securities
Net loan debt
Basic means, mat. stocks
Other assets
Total assets

In the asset structure, the main items are Net loans and Net investments in securities. The remaining indicators have an insignificant share, but still form the total assets.

Table 4. Dynamics of balance sheet liabilities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010 - 2012

Index	Ab. off, (+/-)	Tem. grew, %


Means Prices Bank of the Russian Federation
Credit funds
Client funds
Vol. debt obligations
Other obligations
Provisions for other losses
East. own funds
Total liabilities

For the analyzed period from 01.2010 to 01.2012:

· funds of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation increased by 1,067,974 million rubles. and in 2012 amounted to 1367974 million rubles;

· funds from credit institutions also increased and in 2012 amounted to 605,450 million rubles, which is by 314,356 million rubles. exceed the amount for 2010 - 291,094 million rubles;

· the amount of issued debt obligations increased by 296.4% and amounted to RUB 3,231,891 million in 2012;

· reserves for other losses decreased by RUB 4,889 million. and in 2012 amounted to 21,324 million rubles;

In Table 5, we analyze the structure of balance sheet liabilities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010 - 2012.

Table 5. Structure of the balance sheet liabilities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010 - 2012

Indicators


Funds of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Funds from credit institutions
Client funds
Debt issued
Other obligations
Provisions for other losses
Sources of own funds
Total liabilities

In the structure of liabilities, the main items for the entire analyzed period are Customer Funds and the Bank's Own Funds. The remaining indicators have an insignificant share, forming total liabilities.

The Bank's capital, which was calculated according to Bank of Russia Regulation No. 215-P, increased. The source of its growth was net profit.

Indicators characterizing loans are also assessed, however, due to the lack of analytical information in the public domain, it is impossible to evaluate these indicators. In this regard, we evaluate only the bank's capital. We will place the results obtained in the table below.

Table 6. Overall capital adequacy indicator of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012 (according to RAS)

Index

Own capital, thousand rubles.
Assets, thousand rubles
Risk-free assets, thousand rubles.
Overall capital adequacy,%

Based on the obtained values and overall capital adequacy, we see that for the analyzed dates, the bank’s own funds provide risky assets by 16.23%, 16.59% and 14.26%, respectively. During 2013, the capital adequacy ratio decreased, that is, there was a decrease in investments in risky assets, and the share of risk-free assets increased. Ideally, most economists argue that it is necessary that equity capital be able to fully cover liabilities in the event of bank bankruptcy. However, in practice, these values are not achievable because they are not compatible with the essence of banking. In our case, the bank's capital is sufficient (min=10%). Bank funds are working.

The following coefficient for assessing bank capital, used in the internal methodology of Sberbank of Russia, is an indicator for assessing the quality of capital. The calculation results are also shown in the table below.

Table 7. Capital quality indicator of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012 (according to RAS)

Based on the obtained values, we see that the capital quality ratio for the dates under consideration is 96.91%, 95.04% and 97.17%, respectively. Fluctuations in this indicator for all periods assessed were insignificant. This ratio shows what share of tier 1 capital is contained in the total volume of the bank’s capital/

The next element characteristic of the Sberbank methodology is the assessment of liquidity (it is also carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Bank of Russia). It is necessary to calculate indicators of instant and current liquidity. The data is presented in the table below.

Table 8. Liquidity indicators of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Assessing the obtained values, we see that for all periods under review, liquidity indicators were normal. Regarding the indicators of instant liquidity, we can say that there is no risk of loss of liquidity of Sberbank of Russia OJSC during one business day for the periods under evaluation. Also, based on the current liquidity values, we conclude that there is also no risk of loss of liquidity by the bank in the next 30 days.

Next, according to the methodology of Sberbank of Russia OJSC, it is necessary to move on to assessing the effectiveness of the bank’s activities. To do this, you need to calculate profitability indicators. The first indicator corresponds to return on equity (ROE). It is calculated as the ratio of book profit to equity. Next, we evaluate the return on assets (ROA) indicator. ROA is found as the quotient of book profit divided by net assets.

Table 9. Efficiency ratios of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Based on the ROE values for the analyzed periods, it is clear that for every ruble invested in own funds, there were 19.35 kopecks, 26.98 kopecks and 28.30 kopecks. profits accordingly. This indicator showed positive dynamics, which indicates that equity capital brought more and more profit with each assessed period. From the calculations it is clear that the value of ROA indicators had a sharp increase in the last period. The calculated values were within acceptable limits (0.5%-5%). We find that for every ruble spent on the formation of net assets, there was a profit in the amount of 3.97 kopecks, 3.96 kopecks and 5.65 kopecks. respectively.

After assessing liquidity, balance sheet profitability, capital adequacy and quality, the methodology includes a coefficient assessment of income and expenses. To do this, you need to calculate the ratio of commission and interest income, the ratio of interest income and expenses, the cost efficiency ratio and operational efficiency.

Table 10. Ratio of commission and interest income of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Index

Commission income, thousand rubles.
Interest income, thousand rubles.
Ratio of commission and interest income, %

We find that the ratio of risk-free and risky income in Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012 was respectively equal to 14.87%, 16.02% and 16.47%. This indicator assesses the ratio of risk-free and risky income levels. For countries with economies in transition, it is desirable to have a higher ratio of assessed income to ensure the reliability of banking activities.

Table 11. Ratio of interest income and expenses of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Index

Interest income, thousand rubles.
Interest expenses, thousand rubles.
Ratio of interest income and expenses, %

As a result, we get the result that the ratios of interest income and expenses in Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012 were respectively equal to 2.71, 3.20 and 3.58. This indicator assesses the ability of a credit institution to earn profit from its core activities. The indicator values are at a very high level.

In the following table, we consider the cost efficiency ratio of Sberbank of Russia OJSC.

Table 12. Cost efficiency ratio of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Index

Total income, thousand rubles.
Total expenses, thousand rubles.
Cost efficiency ratio, %

Based on the obtained values, we see that the cost efficiency ratio at Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012 was respectively equal to 0.95, 0.71 and 0.67. This indicator assesses the efficiency of a commercial bank as a whole. The values of the assessed indicator are decreasing from period to period, this indicates that Sberbank is pursuing the correct cost management policy.

Table 13. Operating efficiency ratio of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012

Index

Operating income, thousand rubles.
Operating expenses, thousand rubles.
Operating efficiency ratio, %

We find that in its activities, Sberbank of Russia OJSC had an operating efficiency ratio for the analyzed periods equal to 2.92, 2.89 and 2.82, respectively. The bank can fully cover existing operating expenses from operating income. The activities of Sberbank of Russia are effective.

The next step in assessing the financial condition of the bank is the internal methodology that takes into account the calculation of mandatory standards developed by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation for commercial banks.

Table 14. Mandatory standards of Sberbank of Russia OJSC for 2010-2012.

Standard (%)

Based on the obtained values, we see that each of the assessed standards lies within the required boundaries. This indicates that the commercial bank complies with all the requirements of the Bank of Russia. His financial condition is under control.

Also, Sberbank’s internal methodology includes risk assessment and management. However, carrying out these operations is not possible due to the fact that the data necessary for the assessment is not published publicly.

Summing up the assessment of the activities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC, we can conclude that according to all assessed parameters, the results of the bank’s functioning are normal. During the assessment, we obtained fairly high values of the main coefficients. It is clear that Sberbank of Russia has chosen the right development strategy, which allows it to achieve such significant results. The results obtained earlier when assessing the bank’s position in the market, as well as assessing the structure of assets-liabilities, income-expenses, and profits completely coincide with the coefficient assessment. In all cases, stable development of the credit institution is observed, which, in turn, has a positive effect on its activities.

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« O.S.Ageeva, T.N.Stroganova, K.S.Chemezova ELEMENTS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS Tyumen. 2009 UDC 537(075):621.38 Ageeva O.S.,... »