Since its inception Christian religion centuries there was a single Christ Church. But from the 9th century its collapse began, which ended in the 11th century with the formation of the Eastern Catholic (Byzantine) and Roman Catholic Church. Since that time, while maintaining the main features of general Christian teaching, Catholicism has clearly manifested features and differences in dogmas, rituals, discipline and rules. These differences also affected traditions in Orthodox and Catholic naming.
Catholic names from the period of the collapse of the United Church.
As in Orthodoxy, in catholic church At baptism, a person’s name is given from the Catholic calendar. Those names that were included in the Catholic calendar before the schism of the church coincide with the Orthodox. Typically these are names mentioned in the Bible. But the list of such names was meager - in the first centuries of the formation of Christianity, not many ascetics of the faith managed to “earn” holiness. The Catholic Church “inherited” the vast possessions of the former Roman Empire, where pagan peoples lived. IN Western Europe the main languages - English, German, French, Spanish - were in the process of formation. The Italian language was just developing. The first significant additions to the list of Catholic names were brought by the invasion of Germanic tribes, which gradually joined the ranks of Christians. Some German names were canonized, and among the Catholic names there appeared Adolf (noble wolf), Bernard (strong as a bear), Siegfried (conqueror of the world).
Changes in Catholic naming.
During times crusades Catholic rites were not very observed, people did not attend churches much. And then Pope Gregory VII decided to revive the cult of veneration of saints. This was facilitated by the crusaders returning to Europe, who worshiped Saints George, Anatoly and Nicholas. In the Middle Ages, the influence of Catholicism increased, people began to believe that various saints help them in one way or another. life situation. The naming of Catholic names became increasingly widespread.
In the XVI – XVII centuries During the Reformation, there were attempts to change the Catholic naming code. The Puritans rejected names that were not mentioned in Holy Scripture(Alexander, Elena, Georgy). Protestants came up with new ones - Peace, Humility, Hating Sin. Still the main list Catholic male and female names remained unchanged.
Catholic traditions of naming.
Modern traditions of the Roman Catholic Church require that baptismal names be chosen only from the Catholic calendar. In some countries, baptismal names are still boys and girls called several Catholic names. Thus, the child acquires more than one heavenly patron who helps him throughout his life. Catholics are jealous of their names and do not accept their abbreviation or distortion.
Features: how to choose for girls, what is taken into account?
Saint's Day is the anniversary of the death of a canonized person., who did a lot for peace and religion in his time. This is the day he moved into eternal life. This day is considered the name day of the saint. Catholic Christians are very zealous about names, not allowing their distortions and abbreviations, so the names have reached our times in their original, unchanged state.
For everyday use, such nicknames are of course abbreviated, for example, this is how Joanna turned into Zhanna. Among Catholics, it is considered wrong to first choose a name for a girl, and only then compare it with the calendar and look for saints with a similar name.
Important! For a child, it is more important to choose a patron saint and intercessor to whom the heart lies, because... It is not necessary to give a name exactly every day; a gap of 8 days is considered acceptable.
By month according to the holy calendar
The calendar of Christian saints is very helpful when choosing a name for a newborn. Below is a selection by month and from short description the lives and achievements of each of these people.
January
February
- 1st of February: Catarina de Ricci, an enlightened woman, advised three priests who later became Popes.
- February 2: Joanna de Lestonnac founder of the Order of the Daughters of Our Lady.
- February 5th: Mary of Carinthia is a canonized saint from Austria.
- 12th of February: Eulalia of Barcelona is a 13-year-old early Christian martyr.
- February 16: Juliana of Nicodemus, a martyr who lived in the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD.
- 25 February: Walpurga of Heidenheim has been canonized since 2006, lived and did good deeds in England in the 8th century AD.
March
April
- April 1: Irene of Thessaloniki was born into a pagan family. IN adolescence accepted Christianity and preached Christian morality and righteousness.
- April 2: Mary of Egypt is the patroness of penitent women.
- 5th of April: Eva of Liege, a hermit who lived in the 13th century.
- April 7: Maria Assunta Pallota, Ursulina Veneri.
- 11 April: Gemma Galgani, who lived in the 21st century, is the patron saint of students and pharmacists.
- April 17: Katherine Tekakwitha Landrich, an Angongquin Indian saint who lived in the 17th century.
- April 28: Theodora of Alexandria, Egyptian nun and associate who lived in the 4th century.
May
June
- June 4: Clotilde is the queen, patroness of adopted children and their parents, as well as brides.
- the 9th of June: Anna Maria Taigi, clairvoyant. Beatified.
- June 10th: Diana of Andalo, nun who founded the order. Blessed. Lived in the 13th century.
- June 11: Paula Frassinetti devoted her life to raising girls and founded the congregation of the Sisters of St. Dorothea.
- June 18: Elizabeth of Schönau, Maria Dolorosa of Brabant, Hosanna of Mantua.
- June 19: Juliana of Falconieri, Italian nun who lived in the 14th century. Founded monastic order servite tertiaries for women.
- June 20: Margaret Ebner, mystical writer, born in 1291.
July
August
- 11th August: Clara of Assisi, a virgin, had the gift of miracles and healed the sick.
- 12th of August: Euprepia of Augsburg, martyr, patroness of the city of Augsburg.
- August 17: Clara of Montefalco, saint, died in the 13th century, virgin, abbess of the monastery.
- August 18: Helen, Roman Empress. She joined Christianity in the second half of her life. Mother of Emperor Constantine, who recognized Christianity as the state religion.
- August 23: Rose from Lima, canonized immediately after her death. Pious maiden.
- 24 August: Maria Mikaela Desmezières, founder of the women's monastic congregation.
- August, 26th: Joanna Elisabeth Bichier des Anges, saint who lived in the 18th century.
- August 29: Candida of Rome, martyred on the Ostian road to Rome.
September
October
- October 5: Galla of Rome, a pious empress who entered into an alliance with the Holy Church.
- October 6: Mary Francis of the Five Wounds, pious virgin with stigmata.
- October 7th: Justina of Padua, early Christian saint to whom the Basilica of Saint Justina is dedicated.
- October 15: Teresa of Avila, Carmelite, author of mystical Christian books.
- The 20th of October: Maria Bertilla Boscardin, nursed the sick during the First World War.
- 22 of October: Salome from Galilee, a woman who followed Christ during his sermons.
- October 31: Elizabeth of Hungary helped the poor and beggars and built hospitals.
November
- November 2: Margaret of Lorraine, disgraced queen who died in exile. Holy.
- November 6: Christina Bruco of Cologne, saint who lived in Scotland in the 8th century.
- the 13th of November: Augustina Pietrantoni, blessed.
- 15th of November: Helen of Hungary, daughter of the Hungarian king. With her prayer she performed a miracle, stopping the flood of the Danube. She died at the age of 28.
- November 17: Gertrude of Helfta. Mystic and saint. Author of religious mystical works.
- 20 November: Maria Fortunata, pious, reserved and kind princess.
- November 22: Cecilia of Rome, virgin. She converted 400 people to Christianity with her preaching.
December
Catholic female names are very diverse and by reading the biographies of saints, you can choose a nickname that will protect the child from birth to death, to which he will turn with prayers for intercession. There are saints, patrons of emigrants, blind people, victims of violence, adopted daughters and many other intercessors. In addition, these names are ancient and very beautiful.
Name day (or namesake day) is a calendar day associated with one or more names. It has a religious origin: among Orthodox and Catholics who observe church and everyday rituals. Name days are celebrated on the day of remembrance of the saint in whose honor the person was named. And this saint becomes a Guardian Angel, i.e. heavenly protector of man.
In Russia before the revolution, name days were considered more important holiday than a birthday.
It was also previously believed that naming a child with the name of a righteous man was good, but naming a child with the name of a martyr was not good. There was an opinion among the people that revealing the name before baptism was a grave sin that could lead to the death of a newborn. Before baptism, the child could be given some temporary name, for example a name. It was impossible to give a newborn the name of a deceased child, so that he would not inherit his fate. It was possible to name a deceased grandfather or grandmother after them if they were happy and lucky (it was believed that fate was inherited through a generation). If a woman had only girls, she had to give last daughter your name so that the next one born will be a boy. In order to deceive the disease that stuck to the child, it was necessary to temporarily name the boy female name and vice versa.
On name days in Rus' they always invited many guests and tried to create a rich table. Be sure to bake a big pie with porridge. “Without a pancake, it’s not Maslenitsa, without a pie, it’s not a name day,” people said. At the very beginning of dinner, the pie was broken over the head of the birthday boy, sprinkling him with porridge. This was supposed to signify prosperity for the whole next year. And the more porridge spilled on the birthday boy, the better. In addition, so that luck would not leave the birthday person, something was required to be broken on the name day. Also, according to custom, the birthday person who was given gifts on this day, at the end of the feast, himself had to give gifts to the guests in gratitude for coming to congratulate his.
The popular name for name day is angel day (the heavenly patron saint is often called “angel”), although name day and angel day (guardian angel) are different concepts. Angel Day is a conventional name that has nothing to do with a person’s guardian angel, whose day is celebrated on the days of all Heavenly powers.
Below are the Saints - a list of saints revered by the church. There are many saints of the same name in the Saints, therefore, when determining the name day, the saint whose memory most closely follows the person’s date of birth is selected. If a person’s name is not in the Saints, then the person is baptized with the name closest in sound: for example: Dina -
In the lower right part of the program window there is a Saints button. If you select a name and click this button, the program will automatically transfer you to the Saints tab (Fig. A.2) and show all the days of saints with this name. If the name you select does not have a corresponding saint, the button will be inactive.
ATTENTION
The calendar uses special, Church Slavonic forms of names, so do not be surprised if, when searching for saints under the name Julian, you are referred to Saint Julian.
Rice. P.2. Saints
Go to tab Saints You can also click on the tab name at the top of the window, but the selected name will not match the saints' days.
On the tab Saints In the upper left corner there is a search box where you can enter a specific name.
ATTENTION
Many modern Russian names are slightly different in spelling from the accepted ones Orthodox Church names For example, in the calendar there are no Ivans, but there are Johns. Before going to the Saints tab, check the Dictionary of Names, or go to it from the Dictionary of Names, correcting the name you are interested in after the transition (that is, correcting Ivan to John in the search window).
There is a switch under the search box Select denomination, with which you can choose Catholic or Orthodox calendar(Fig. A.3). To do this, the switch is set to the appropriate position.
Below the switch is a calendar where you can set a specific birth date to find your name day.
Rice. P.3. The “Select a denomination” subsection helps you switch to the corresponding calendar
In the calendar, you can often find several saints with the same name. In addition, the saint may be venerated several days a year. Celebrating all the namesake saints on all the appropriate days can be very tiring, so it is customary to choose one of the days for name day (or angel day), but not just any one. According to church beliefs, your name day will be the first day from your birthday (or baptism) dedicated to your saint.
For example, there is a girl named Juliana, who was born on July 1st and baptized on December 14th. Strictly speaking, name days should be counted from baptism, but not everyone now knows the day on which they were baptized. Thus, for Juliana we will find two name days according to the Orthodox or Catholic calendar, depending on her faith.
So, in the search box, enter the name.
To set the day when Juliana should celebrate her name day according to the Orthodox calendar, select the switch Select denomination to position Orthodox. In the lower left corner of the screen, click the button Search for name day.
What happens? Unfortunately, nothing because you misspelled the name. It was said above that you need to write not Yuliono, A Juliana!
After correcting the name, click the button again Search for name day. You will receive the results window on July 5th.
Now set your calendar to December 14th and click the button Search for name day. You will receive it on December 17th.
What if Juliana is a Catholic? First of all, in the search box you need to enter Yuliono, and not the Church Slavonic form of this name.
Set the switch Select denomination to position Catholic. Juliana the Catholic should celebrate her name day on February 16, since this is the closest date to both July 1 and December 14. There are two more Julians in the Catholic calendar, but they are further away - April 5 and June 19.
In the old days, Juliana (or, in Russian, Ulyana) would not have had a double name day, because children were baptized almost immediately after birth. Parents were asked to look at the calendar and select names from a list of saints whose birthdays fell in the coming days. For boys - three days, for girls - eight, since there are much fewer women's names in the calendar.
If you want to search by these old rules name for a girl born on July, you should indicate the date on the calendar and press the button Saint calendar(Fig. A.4). The program will show you eight days - from July 1 to July 8. Mainly there are male names, however, there are also women's ones.
Rice. P.4. Selecting a name by calendar
For a boy, we would have to limit ourselves to three days, and the list would still be longer.
Button Saint calendar you can also use it to find out which saints' name days are celebrated on a particular day.
Catholic calendar of names, like the Orthodox, was created in the tradition of venerating Christian saints. However, the different historical paths of the Western and Eastern Churches determined the differences in the names. Saints who are included in both the Catholic and orthodox calendar, were canonized before the schism of the general Christian church in 1054. After the 11th century, this process in Catholicism and Orthodoxy proceeded independently of each other. Therefore in Catholic calendar there are not many Greek names (Athinodorus, Dositheus, Galaktion), and in the Orthodox you will not find William, Edgar and Amalia. In addition to the names mentioned in the Bible, canon include Latin and German origin. Some Catholic names have Russian analogues, for example, Lara - Lavrentiy, Angelika - Angelina, Zhanna - Joanna. The feast days of many saints in both calendars are celebrated on the same day. You just have to remember that in the Catholic Church, chronology is calculated according to Gregorian calendar (a new style), and in the Orthodox - according to the Julian (old style).
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