How to distinguish between cases with the same questions. Distinguish the accusative case from the nominative case? It's simple

The genitive case answers the questions of whom? what?

and the accusative case answers the questions of whom? What?

Confusion arises because animate nouns answer the same question in both cases: whom?.

In order to correctly determine the case or ending in a case, we learn to distinguish with the help of auxiliary words.

For genitive case This there is no one, what? no son, no home, no family, no Snow Maiden,

For accusative case This I see who, what? I see my son, house, family, Snow Maiden.

If you substitute these helper words when declension of a word or determining case, then everything will be easy and correct.

Hello. Please tell me how to write correctly!

In our case, consumer is an inanimate noun.

Option 1: The transformer substation has consumers.

Option 2: The transformer substation has voltage consumers.

Option 3: The transformer substation has consumers.

Option 4: The transformer substation has voltage consumers.

Which of the options are correct?

Compare with the proposal:

The hard drive has seals.

Everything seems to be clear here.

to come back to the beginning

Probably, here you need to be able to distinguish between the action or the form of what is happening. Most people confuse the question Who?, which is in both the nominative and accusative cases.

So here is the parent question Who? different from the accusative Who? an auxiliary word that is recommended to be remembered.

For the genitive case there is the word no, and for the accusative case there is the word that. By asking a question with an auxiliary word, we also get a noun with a different ending. Example - no sister, hamster, rye - genitive case. I see my sister, a hamster, rye - accusative case.

Here is a table with auxiliary words for each case, which make it easier to determine the case.

In order to determine whether the case is accusative or genitive, you first need to determine whether the noun is animate. The fact is that animate nouns, both in the genitive and accusative cases, answer the question of whom?. If the noun is inanimate, it answers in the genitive case to what?, but in the accusative case to what? - a question that coincides with a question word in the nominative case.

The noun needs to be checked to see whether it combines in the genitive case with the word no. For example, in the question No what?. The accusative case is checked by compatibility with verbs that are in the first person, singular, present tense, for example, I know, I see. I see what? - a chair or I see someone? - student. As we see, the forms of the accusative and genitive cases are the same for animate and masculine nouns of the second declension.

Instead of an animate masculine noun in the second declension, substitute any word of the first declension. For example, No one? - student, Who do I see? - student. In the first declension for the genitive case y, and for the accusative case y.

We replace the plural noun with an inanimate noun of the same form, after which we determine the case in the same way. For example - I know (who?) people should be replaced with I know (what?) names. It turns out that names are plural nouns in the accusative case.

If we take the example with the genitive case, we replace I know the address of (who?) friends with I know the addresses of (what?) companies. Firm is in the genitive plural.

Try to determine the case of nouns that are not declined (coffee, coat, etc.) using key questions. If it is difficult to determine from the questions, use the option with replacement by any noun (declension).

I was once confused with this too. So, the genitive case answers the question of who and what, and the accusative case answers who, what. The simplest thing that can be done in this case to distinguish the case is to substitute the word I see or not. If the word no fits, then the case is genitive; if I see, then the case is accusative.

The problem with determining case occurs only for animate nouns, because inanimate nouns answer different questions in the genitive and accusative case and therefore have different endings. In the genitive case, this is a question of what? and what about the accusative? Therefore, the easiest way to deal with animate nouns is to kill them, excuse the expression. It will look something like this: I brought home a rabbit, the question is Who?, the noun is animate, so we kill it this way: I brought home the carcass of a rabbit, the question turns out to be What?, and therefore the case is accusative. Same with the option I don’t have a rabbit. Again the question of Who? and incomprehensible case We kill, we get I don’t have a rabbit skin and the question turns out to be What?, and therefore the genitive case. This is how we were taught at school, a little brutally, but it was easy to remember.

To distinguish the accusative case from the parent case, you need to ask the question:

For the accusative case - Should you blame someone (or what) for your troubles? answer: yourself, your laziness, TV.

For the genitive case, ask the question: Who is guilty? - lawyer. The culprit doesn't have what? - protection.

The genitive answers the questions: Who?, What?, for example: I don’t have (Who? What?) brother, mug. The accusative answers the questions: Who?, What? Example: I received (Who? What?) brother, a mug.

It can be difficult distinguish genitive from accusative in a sentence. The fact is that for animate nouns, both of these cases answer the question whom?. You can replace an animate object with an inanimate one in such a sentence and see what kind of question you can ask: if what?, then this is the genitive case if What? accusative.

For example:

• I see an elephant (who?). Let's replace the word elephant on table. I see a table (what?). Therefore, there is an accusative case here.
• There is not a single elephant (who?). By analogy we get: There is not a single table (what?). This means that in the above sentence the genitive case is used.

• Declension by case refers to the section of the Russian language. The genitive case answers the questions -NO- who? what?, and the accusative case - I SEE - who? What?. That is, when determining cases, it is enough to substitute the corresponding words and check whether the word being tested corresponds to the corresponding case. Then you won’t have to remember a bunch of all the rules.

  Schoolchildren usually confuse and poorly distinguish between the accusative and genitive cases. I myself remembered that I had difficulty at school until I was told an effective way, which is to substitute the word I see. I see (who? what?) a window, a street, a mother, a magazine.

  And the genitive case has questions of whom? what? To determine the genitive case, you can also substitute the word No. There is no (who? what?) window, street, magazine.

Noun is a part of speech that names objects and answers questions “ What? » / « Who? " In Russian, a noun acts as an object, adverbial, subject or predicate. This is one of the main lexical categories denoting the names of things, organisms and living beings, persons, events, facts, geographical location, phenomena, as well as properties, states, qualities and actions. The noun is modified according to special cases, between which there is a certain system of differences. To avoid grammatical and lexical errors, you need to be able to distinguish between them.

Necessary:

To learn how to distinguish the accusative case from the genitive case, you need to remember the Russian language school curriculum for grades 4-5. In this case, you will need not only a school textbook, but also a table of cases.

Instructions:

• The school textbook tells us that there are only six cases in the Russian language. They are called as follows: nominative , dative , prepositional , instrumental , accusative And genitive . We're interested in the last two, so let's focus on them.
• To determine this characteristic for any noun, it is necessary to use special auxiliary questions and words. It should be noted that both schoolchildren and highly educated people constantly confuse the accusative and genitive cases. This happens because the auxiliary questions for determining them are almost identical: for the genitive " no one? what? ", for accusative " see who? What? " That is, the same question is asked to animate objects: “ whom? ».
• If you cannot determine the required form, ask a clarifying question to the noun: “ see what? " or « no what? " to define it. The accusative case is used if the word takes on the nominative form after a clarifying question.
• The genitive case can also be determined using a test word "cat". When you substitute the indicated word for any noun, pay attention to the ending. Example: instead of a word "teacher" in a phrase "pride in the teacher" Substituting the test word, we get the phrase "pride of the cat". Ending « And » indicates genitive case, ending "y" to accusative.
• Remember that the genitive always indicates the relationship between the whole and the part ( glass of water), comparison with something or someone ( more beautiful than Vasilisa) and belonging ( brother's motorcycle). The accusative describes and denotes temporal-spatial relations ( wait a minute), and also indicates a transition from an action to an object ( stroking a cat).

How to distinguish the accusative case from the genitive case.

Genitive.

According to definitions, the genitive case means:

Belonging to someone or something, for example “an arctic fox skin”, “teacher’s journal”;

If there is a relationship between the whole and its part, for example, “magazine page (RP)”;

Displaying an attribute of an object in relation to another object, for example, “survey results (RP)”;

The object of influence in the presence of a verb with a negative particle “not”, for example, “does not eat meat (R.p.)”;

The object of influence in the presence of a verb denoting desire, intention or removal, for example,

“to wish happiness (R.p.)”, “to avoid responsibility (R.p.)”;

If there is a comparison of objects, for example, “stronger than oak (R.p.)”;

If the noun is the object of measurement, counting, or date genitive, such as "spoon

sour cream" or "Paris Commune Day".

Accusative.

The accusative case means:

Transition of action to the subject completely, for example, “leafing through a magazine,” “driving a car”;

Transfer of spatial and temporal relations “walk a mile”, “rest for a month”;

In rare cases, it is formed as a dependence on an adverb, for example, “it’s a shame for a friend.”

In order to never confuse the cases of a noun, it is important to remember that each case in Russian

corresponds to a universal question, asking which to a given noun, we ultimately get

corresponding case.

The genitive case corresponds to the question “there is no one?” for the animate and “no what?” For

inanimate

nouns

The accusative case corresponds to the question “I see who?” for the animate and “I see what?” For

inanimate nouns.

Determining the cases of nouns by their definitions or endings is extremely difficult.

Let's say

remembering all the definitions of the genitive and accusative cases is quite difficult. And the endings

nouns coincide quite often.

Here's an example using an animate plural noun:

I noticed people nearby. (I see who? - V.p.)

There were no people around. (there was no one? - R.p.)

As you can see, in both cases the word is declined the same way.

But, in order to finally make sure that the case is determined correctly, mentally substitute

instead of an animate noun, an inanimate one.

For example:

I noticed a pillar nearby. (I see who? - V.p.)

There were no pillars around. (there was no one? - R.p.)

The example shows: an inanimate noun in the accusative case does not change, unlike

the same noun having the genitive case.

From this we can draw conclusions:

1. To distinguish the genitive from the accusative, ask the noun a defining question.

2. If it is difficult for you to determine the case of an animate noun, because the question “who?” refers to

both cases, then substitute an inanimate noun instead and ask it

defining question. For the genitive it will be “no what?”, and for the accusative “I see what?”. If

the word will look like in the nominative case, then the case of your noun is accusative.

Helpful advice.

In the Russian language there are indeclinable nouns, for example, “coat”, “coffee”, when in any

case the word looks the same. In this case, case can only be determined by the key question.

The genitive case can also be determined using the test word "cat". Putting it in place

any noun specified word, pay attention to the ending. Example: instead of a word

“teacher” in the phrase “pride in the teacher”, substituting the test word, we get

the phrase “pride in the cat.” The ending “i” indicates the genitive case, the ending “u” indicates

accusative.

Remember that the genitive case always indicates the relationship between the whole and the part (a glass of water),

comparison with something or someone (prettier than Vasilisa) and belonging (brother’s motorcycle).

The accusative case describes and denotes time-spatial relations (wait a minute), and

also indicates a transition from an action to an object (petting a cat).

Source

E. I. Litnevskaya. Russian language: short theoretical course for schoolchildren.

Interesting article!!!

13 cases of the Russian language.

How to distinguish the accusative case from the genitive and nominative?

Perhaps the most interesting of all cases in the Russian language is the accusative. Because everyone else answers their questions calmly and does not cause difficulties. With the accusative case everything is different. It can very easily be confused with a nominative or genitive. After all the accusative case answers the questions “Whom?” What?" The accusative case denotes the object of the action. A noun, being in the accusative case, experiences the action of another noun, which in this sentence is a predicate. Everything becomes clear with the example: “I love my brother.” The noun "brother" will be in the accusative case. And he will experience a feeling of love from the pronoun “I”. What you should pay attention to when determining the case, so as not to confuse it with the nominative, is the ending. Below is the table:

To distinguish the accusative case from the genitive case, we will use auxiliary words and questions. For the genitive - no (who, what), for the accusative - I see (who, what). As you can see, the questions are different for animate and inanimate objects. Let's play on this.

Let's look at an example:

“Grandma is not at home.” Let's substitute an inanimate object - “there are no keys in the house.” No one, what? Grandmothers, keys. Genitive.

“I don’t see a plate on the table.” Let's substitute an animate object - “I don’t see my brother on the table.” I don’t see who – my brother, I don’t see what – a plate. Whom, what – accusative case.

Features of the accusative case.

The accusative case is used with prepositions such as “In, for, about, on, through.” Difficulties may still arise with the accusative case when tense concepts are indicated in sentences. Let's give an example: “Rewrite an essay all night.” The nouns “night” and “abstract” are in the accusative case in this sentence. You need to be extremely careful with such offers. Along with the confusion between the accusative and the nominative, it can also be confused with the genitive. Let's give an example: “Wait for mother” and “Wait for message.” In the first case the case will be genitive, and in the second case it will be accusative. The difference here is due to the declination of animate and inanimate objects, as we already wrote above.

How to distinguish the Nominative case from the Accusative case?

1. The nominative case differs from the accusative case in questions. Nominative case questions - who? What? For example: (who?) girl, (what?) ball.
   And questions of the accusative case - who? What? . For example: said (who? what?) a word, did (who? what?) work.
   To distinguish the accusative case from the nominative case, you can substitute the word see. I see (who? what?) a ball - this noun is in the accusative case.
   Also:
   1Nouns in these case forms perform different syntactic
   functions: in the nominative case the role of the subject, in the accusative
   additions.
   2Nouns in the nominative case are used without prepositions. In the accusative case there are prepositions in, on, for, through.
2. If you mean in a sentence, then the Accusative (in a sentence) differs from the Nominative in that: If the noun is the subject, then it is By Him. case, and if secondary. member then wine.
3. The nominative answers the questions who, what... and the accusative who, what
4. We need to ask two questions: who? What? - Nominative, (blame) WHO? What? - Accusative. Also WHO? what? - Genitive.
5. The nominative case answers the question who, what. For example: who? (fox)
   Accusative of whom, what. For example: I see who? (fox)
6. 
   
7. Ask two questions at once: who? what? - genitive; whom? What? - accusative.
   The word sister also helps. We put the word sister instead of the substantive, the case of which is difficult for us to determine, and, no matter how ridiculous the resulting sentence may look, but if SISTERS is inserted, the genitive case is used, if SISTER is the accusative case.
8. Them. -Who? what?, vin. -whom? What?
9. Who what? no prepositions, always the subject in the sentence
   Who, what? there may be prepositions, a minor member of the sentence.
10. When asking a question, the nominative case answers questions (who? what?), and the accusative case (whom? what?)
11. 
    
12. The nominative case answers the questions WHO? WHAT? (example: earth, fox, water, house...) And the accusative to the questions of Who? What? (land, fox, water, house)
13. Thank you very much for the information, otherwise I’ve already forgotten everything in 25 years!
14. The nominative case is always the subject,
    The accusative case is an addition (if without a preposition).

    To avoid mistakes, take a feminine word, for example, “book,” and in the sentence where you need to determine the case, replace the problematic word with “book.”

    Will you have it or who? What? - “book” (Nominative p.), or whom? What? "book" (Vinit. p.)

15. eminent case - questions who? What? accusative - questions of whom? What?
16. The first answers the questions Who? What?
    Second on Who? What???
17. A noun in the nominative case answers the question “Who?” or “What?”, in the accusative case it answers the question: “Who?”, “What?” (I see who, what?. I blame who, what?)
18. and how to distinguish?
19. The nominative case most often contains the subject (the person or thing being talked about in the sentence).