Found in books, especially in journalism and fiction. Native speakers may use them without noticing. That’s why “communication formulas” (formulaic language) are convenient because they serve as convenient templates with which you can easily express a thought.

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Difficulties in translating sayings and proverbs

When talking about the meaning of proverbs, sayings, idioms, riddles, puns and other works of oral folk art that should not be taken literally, the term “equivalent” is usually preferred rather than “translation”.

Some sayings can be translated literally, and their translation will be an exact equivalent of the original: Better late than never - Better late than never. But this is a rather rare case. Often it is better not to translate literally, but to select an equivalent from the Russian language. For example:

  • In English: Rome wasn’t built in a day.
  • Literal translation into Russian: Rome was not built in a day.

In films and literature, when a hero uses a saying, it is often translated as the context requires. Sometimes it is better to translate literally than to take the equivalent from Russian folklore. For example, there is an English proverb “Curiosity killed a cat” - “curiosity killed the cat.” The equivalent can be considered “the curious Varvara’s nose was torn off at the market,” since the meaning is, in general, the same.

But if in a film about a British spy, one MI6 agent reminds another that “curiosity killed a cat,” the remark about Varvara will be inappropriate, it is better to translate it literally or replace it with a suitable expression that conveys the meaning.

Below are 53 popular sayings and proverbs in English. The first 10 are translated literally without any tricks. The remaining 40 are given literal translations and equivalents.

Sayings and proverbs in English that are translated literally

1. Don’t judge a book by its cover.

  • Do not judge a book by its cover; Not all that glitters is gold.

2. Strike while the iron is hot.

  • Strike while the iron is hot.

3.Better late than never.

  • Better late than never.

4. Don’t bite the hand that feeds you.

  • Don't bite the hand that feeds you.

5. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.

  • Don't put all your eggs in one basket; Don't put everything on one card.

6. My hands are tied.

  • My hands are tied.

7. It’s the tip of the iceberg.

  • This is the tip of the iceberg.

8.Easy come, easy go.

  • Easy Come Easy Go; as it came, so it went; God gave, God took.

9. The forbidden fruit is always the sweetest.

  • The forbidden fruit is always sweet.

10. You can’t make an omelet without breaking a few eggs.

  • You can't make scrambled eggs without breaking eggs.

Proverbs and sayings in English with Russian equivalents

11. The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.

  • Literally: the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.
  • Equivalent: it’s good where we are not.

12. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

  • Literally: when you are in Rome, do everything as the Romans do.
  • Equivalent: they don’t go to someone else’s monastery with their own rules.

13. Don’t make a mountain out of an anthill.

  • Literally: don’t make a mountain out of an anthill.
  • Equivalent: don't make a mountain out of a molehill.

14. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

  • Literally: an apple a day, and you don't need a doctor.
  • Equivalent: onion for seven ailments.

15. Rome wasn’t built in a day.

  • Literally: Rome was not built in a day.
  • Equivalent: Moscow was not built right away.

16. You made your bed, now you have to lie in it.

  • Literally: you make the bed, sleep on it.
  • Equivalent: whoever made the mess, it’s up to him to sort it out.

17. Don’t count your chickens before they hatch.

  • Literally: don't count your chickens before they hatch.
  • Equivalent: chickens are counted in the fall.

18. Money doesn’t grow on trees.

  • Literally: money doesn't grow on trees.
  • Equivalent: Money doesn't grow on trees; there is no money lying around on the street.

In Russian, you can say about anything “... it’s not lying on the road (street),” not only about money.

19. Too many cooks spoil the broth.

  • Literally: too many cooks spoil the broth (soup).
  • Equivalent: seven nannies have a child without an eye.

This refers to a situation where too many people are working on one thing, interfering with each other.

20. Many hands make light work.

  • Literally: many hands make light work.
  • Equivalent: tackle together - it won’t be too heavy; when there are many hands, the work gets done.

21. Honesty is the best policy.

  • Literally: honesty is the best strategy (policy).
  • Equivalent: Honesty is the best strategy; the secret becomes apparent; murder will out.

22. Practice makes perfect.

  • Literally: practice makes perfect.
  • Equivalent: practice makes perfect; repetition is the mother of learning; practice makes perfect.

23. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.

  • Literally: where there is a will, there is a way.
  • Equivalent: whoever wants, will achieve it; If there is a desire, there will be a way.

24.Look before you leap.

  • Literally: look before you leap.
  • Equivalent: if you don’t know the ford, don’t stick your nose into the water.

It's funny that there is a saying that contradicts this one: He who hesitates is lost. - He who hesitates loses.

25. Beggars cant be choosers.

  • Literally: poor people don't get to choose.
  • Equivalent: Poor people don't have to choose; I wouldn't live to be fat.

26. The early bird catches the worm.

  • Literally: the early bird catches the worm.
  • Equivalent: whoever gets up early, God provides; who gets up early, good luck awaits him.

27. The cat is out of the bag.

  • Literally: the cat got out of the bag.
  • Equivalent: the secret has become apparent; the cards are revealed.

28. He who laughs last, laughs longest.

  • Literally: he who laughs last laughs longest.
  • Equivalent: He who laughs last laughs best.

29. It’s better to be safe than sorry.

  • Literally: better safe than sorry.
  • Equivalent: measure seven times - cut once.

30. Old habits die hard.

  • Literally: old habits die hard.
  • Equivalent: habit is second nature; Old habits are hard to break.

31. Don’t bite off more than you can chew.

  • Literally: don't bite off more than you can chew.
  • Equivalent: Don't take more than you can take; Don't bite off more than you can chew.

32. Actions speak louder than words.

  • Literally: actions speak louder than words.
  • Equivalent: people are judged not by words, but by deeds.

33. It takes two to tango.

  • Literally: tango is danced together.
  • Equivalent: in a quarrel, both are always to blame.

This is usually what they say about quarreling people. It is impossible to start a quarrel alone, just as it is impossible to dance tango alone.

34. It’s no use crying over spilled milk.

  • Literally: there is no use crying over spilled milk.
  • Equivalent: what's done is done.

35. Lost time is never found again.

  • Literally: lost time is never found again.
  • Equivalent: lost time cannot be regained.

36. A rolling stones gathers no moss.

  • Literally: no moss grows on a rolling stone.
  • Equivalent: whoever can’t sit still will not make a fortune.

In Russian there is a similar saying “water does not flow under a lying stone,” but it cannot be called an equivalent, because the meaning is very different. Its essence is that a person needs to work in order to achieve something, and the meaning of the English proverb is different: a person who constantly changes occupations, places (a rolling stone) will not make good (moss).

3 7 . First things first.

  • Literally: the main things come first.
  • Equivalent: first things first; First things first; First of all - airplanes.

3 8 . Still waters run deep.

  • Literally: still waters have deep currents.
  • Equivalent: there are devils in still waters; someone else's soul is darkness.

Both equivalents do not accurately convey the essence of the saying. What this means is that just because a person doesn't talk much doesn't mean he doesn't have deep thoughts.

39. If it is not broke, don’t fix it.

  • Literally: if it ain't broke, don't fix it.
  • Equivalent: it works - don’t touch it; don’t touch it, otherwise you’ll break it; best the enemy of the good.

40 . Curiosity killed the cat.

  • Literally: curiosity killed the cat.
  • Equivalent: curious Varvara’s nose was torn off at the market; curiosity brings no good.

41. Learn to walk before you run.

  • Literally: learn to walk before you run.
  • Equivalent: not all at once; everything has its turn.

42. Do a little well and you do much.

  • Literally: do a little well and you will do a lot.
  • Equivalent: less is more.

43. Out of sight, out of mind.

  • Literally: out of sight, out of mind.
  • Equivalent: out of sight, out of mind.

44. If you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours.

  • Literally: if you scratched my back, I'll scratch yours.
  • Equivalent: do good and it will come back to you.

45. Ignorance is bliss.

  • Literally: ignorance is a blessing.
  • Equivalent: ignorance is bliss; the less you know the better you sleep.

46. ​​Every cloud has a silver lining.

  • Literally: every cloud has a silver lining.
  • Equivalent: every cloud has a silver lining.

47 . Close but no cigar.

  • Literally: close, but not a cigar.
  • Equivalent: almost, but by; barely counts.

Cigars were traditional prizes in games at fairs. “Close but no cigar” means that you played well, but did not win.

48. You can’t have your cake and eat it too.

  • Literally: you can't have your cake and eat it too.
  • Equivalent: you can't sit on two chairs.

49. Don’t cross the bridge until you come to it.

  • Literally: do not cross the bridge before reaching it.
  • Equivalent: everything has its turn; solve problems as they arise.

50. Lend your money and lose your friend.

  • Literally: borrow money and you will lose a friend.
  • Equivalent: to give a loan is to lose friendship.

51. A picture is worth a thousand words.

  • Literally: a picture is worth a thousand words.
  • Equivalent: it is better to see once than to hear a hundred times.

52. Birds of a feather flock together.

  • Literally: birds of the same color stick together.
  • Equivalent: a fisherman sees a fisherman from afar; suit is matched to suit; his reluctant brother.

53. No man is an island.

  • Literally: a person is not an island.
  • Equivalent: alone in the field is not a warrior.

The equivalent is not entirely accurate. It is implied that a person cannot be alone, he by nature is part of a larger one. The expression appears in the epigraph to Hemingway’s novel “For Whom the Bell Tolls” (an excerpt from a sermon by the 17th century English poet and priest John Donne):

“There is no person who would be like an Island, in itself, every person is part of the Continent, part of the Land; and if a wave carries the coastal cliff into the sea, Europe will become smaller, and the same if the edge of the cape is washed away or your castle or your friend is destroyed; the death of every Man diminishes me too, for I am one with all Mankind, and therefore do not ask for whom the bell tolls: it tolls for You.”

“No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if a manor of your friend’s or of thine own were. Any man's death diminishes me because I am involved in mankind; and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for them."

English proverbs, sayings and idiomatic expressions of the English language and their analogues in Russian.

Proverb in English
"A Heart of Gold!" - Golden heart!" Proverb this is a phrase, reflecting some phenomenon of life. Proverb this is a complete sentence, also reflecting a life phenomenon. Proverbs and sayings are idioms and cannot be translated literally. When translating an English proverb or saying, it is necessary to choose one that is suitable in meaning and meaning. Idiom is a set phrase or phrase which cannot be divided into parts or words, since it carries meaning and significance precisely in the form in which it is used. Stable (idiomatic) expressions are present in any language and bear the imprint of the cultural and historical development of the people.

Proverbs and sayings

A friend in need is a friend indeed. - Friend is known in trouble.

All is well that ends well. - All is well that ends well.

East or West, home is best. - Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.

He laughs best who laughs last. - He who laughs last laughs best.

One swallow doesn't make a summer - One swallow does not make spring.

The devil is not so black as he is painted. - The devil is not as scary as he is painted.

There is no smoke without fire. - There is no smoke without fire.

Two heads are better than one. - A mind is good, but two are better.

Laughter is the best medicine. - Laughter is the best healer.

The exception proves the rule. - There are no rules without exceptions.

After dinner comes the reckoning. - If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds.

Nothing succeeds like success. - Success promotes success.

Silence gives consent. - Silent means consent.

Extremes meet. - Extremes meet.

A great ship asks deep waters. - A big ship has a long voyage.

Tastes differ. - Tastes could not be discussed.

Wise men learn by other men's mistakes, fools by their own. - Smart people learn from other people's mistakes, fools learn from their own.

Birds of a feather flock together. - Birds of a feather flock together.

Empty vessels make the greatest noise. - Empty vessels make the greatest sound.

The rotten apple injures its neighbors. - Rotten apple injures its neighbors.

A good beginning makes a good ending. - Down and Out trouble started.
Down and Out trouble started. This Russian proverb can be interpreted as follows: Starting any business is difficult, but later it will be easier.

Fortune favors the bold. - Cheek brings success.

Practice makes perfect. - The master's work is afraid.

Necessity is the mother of invention. - The need for invention is cunning.

Praise makes good men better and bad men worse. - Praise makes good people better and bad people worse.

Appetite comes with eating. - Appetite comes with eating.

Curses, like the chickens returned home. - Don't dig a hole for someone else, you will fall into it yourself.

Every cook praises his own broth. - There is nothing like leather.

Little strokes fell great oaks. - Patience and a little effort.

One nail drives out another. - Fight fire with fire.

Bad news travel fast. - Bad news comes faster than good news.

Second thoughts are best. - Seven times measure cut once.

A Heart of Gold! - Golden heart!

The following English proverbs and sayings can be compared with several versions of Russian proverbs.

A burnt child dreads the fire.

  1. The frightened crow is afraid of the bush.
  2. If you burn yourself on milk, you will blow on water.

The early bird catches the worm.

  1. Good luck awaits those who get up early.
  2. Whoever gets up early, God gives him.
  3. The early bird cleans its sock, the late bird opens its eyes.

Proverbs and sayings that require explanation.

Charity begins at home. In Great Britain this idiom is interpreted as follows:

You should take care of your family and other people who live close to you before helping people who are living further away or in another country. - You should take care of your family and other people who live near you before helping people who live further away or in another country.

  • A bad beginning makes a bad ending. A bad start leads to a bad end. Wed. A bad start has a bad end. A bad start does not lead to a good ending.
  • A bad corn promise is better than a good lawsuit. A bad compromise is better than a good lawsuit. Wed. A bad peace is better than a good quarrel.
  • A bad workman quarrels with his tools. A bad worker is not good with tools. Wed. A bad craftsman has a bad saw. The master is stupid - the knife is dull.
  • A bargain is a bargain. A deal is a deal. Wed. A bargain is a bargain. Agreement is a sacred thing.
  • A beggar can never be bankrupt. A poor man will never go bankrupt. Wed. Naked is like a saint: he is not afraid of trouble. Naked sheep are not sheared.
  • A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. One bird in your hands is better than two in the bushes. Wed. A bird in your hands is better than a nightingale in the forest. Don't promise a pie in the sky, but give a bird in your hands. The nearest straw is better than the distant straw. A sparrow in the hand is better than a rooster on the roof.
  • A bird may be known by its song. You can recognize a bird by the way it sings (lit. by its song). Wed. The bird is visible in flight.
  • A black hen lays a white egg. A black hen lays a white egg. Wed. From a black chicken and a white egg. From a black cow and white milk. Black is the cow, but white is the milk.
  • A blind leader of the blind. A blind man has a blind guide. Wed. The blind cannot lead the blind far. The blind leads the blind, but both do not see. The oblique does not teach the curve.
  • A blind man would be glad to see. A blind man would be glad to see. Wed. Let's see, said the blind man.
  • A broken friendship may be soldered, but will never be sound. A cracked friendship can be glued (literally soldered), but it will never be strong again. Wed. A pacified friend is unreliable.
  • A burden of one's own choice is not felt. You carry a load that you yourself chose without feeling it. Wed. I can't bear my own burden.
  • A burnt child dreads the fire. The burned child is afraid of fire. Wed. If you burn yourself on milk, you will blow on water.
  • A cat in gloves catches no mice. A cat with gloves will not catch mice. Meaning: if you are a white-handed person, you won’t get anything done. Wed. You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty. Without getting your hands wet, you can't wash.
  • A city that parleys is half done. A city willing to negotiate is halfway to surrender. Wed. The besieged city is ambiguous.
  • A civil denial is better than a rude grant. A polite refusal is better than a rude acceptance.
  • A clean fast is better than a dirty breakfast. An honest post is better than a dishonest (lit. dirty) breakfast. Meaning: better poorer, but more honest. Wed. Better poverty and honesty than profit and shame. Bread and water, but not pie with interest.
  • A clean hand wants no washing. There is no need to wash your clean hand. Meaning: it is unnecessary for an honest person to make excuses. Wed. The truth does not seek mercy. There is no need to paint the truth. The truth will clear itself.
  • A clear conscience laughs at false accusations. A clear conscience laughs at slander. Wed. A good conscience is not afraid of slander. A clean person will not be burned by fire.
  • A close mouth catches no flies. A fly will not fly into a closed mouth. Meaning: silence doesn't do anything stupid. Wed. A mouth that is tightly closed does not allow a fly to fly into it. He who is silent does not sin.
  • A cock is valiant on his own dunghill. The rooster is brave on his dung heap. Wed. And the rooster is brave in his ashes. In the underground, even the mouse is a hero. On her little street, even the chicken is brave. From behind the bush the raven came out.
  • A cracked bell can never sound well. A cracked bell will never ring well again. Wed. You won't go far with a treated mare. A horse that has been impaled, a bow that has been broken, or a friend that has been reconciled are equally unreliable.
  • A creaking door hangs long on its hinges. A creaky door hangs on its hinges for a long time. Wed. The creaky tree has stood for two centuries. Creaking birch lasts longer. Broken dishes live for two centuries.
  • A curst cow has short horns. The damned cow has short horns, Wed. God does not give a horn to a lively cow.
  • A danger foreseen is half avoided. He who knows about the impending danger has half escaped it. Wed. Beware of troubles while there are none.
  • A drop in the bucket. A drop in a bucket. Wed. A drop in the sea.
  • A drowning man will catch at a straw. A drowning man will clutch at a straw. Wed. A drowning man clutches at a straw. If someone is drowning, give him a knife, and he will grab the knife.
  • A fair face may hide a foul heart. A low soul may be hidden behind a beautiful appearance. Wed. Good in face, but ugly in soul. His face is smooth, but his deeds are nasty. Clear above, dirty below.
  • A faulted confessed is half redressed. The admitted guilt is half expiated. Wed. A fault confessed is half redressed. Confession is half the punishment.
  • A fly in the ointment. A fly in the balm. Wed. A fly in the ointment.
  • A fool always rushes to the fore. A fool always gets ahead. Wed. A stupid person is looking for a big place, but a smart person is looking for a corner.
  • A fool and his money are soon parted. A fool easily parts with money. Wed. A fool has a hole in his fist.
  • A fool at forty is a fool indeed. A fool at forty is completely a fool. Wed. Don't rejuvenate an old fool.
  • A fool may ask more questions in an hour than a wise man can answer in seven years. A smart person will not answer questions for seven years that a fool will ask in one hour. Wed. You can't save yourself from any fool's mind.
  • A fool may throw a stone into a well which a hundred wise men cannot pull out. If a fool throws a stone into a well, a hundred smart people won’t be able to pull it out. Wed. A fool will tie a knot, but a wise man will not untie it. A smart person will not always untie what a stupid person will tie.
  • A fool's tongue runs before his wit. A fool speaks first and thinks later. Wed. A fool's tongue goes ahead of his mind. A fool's tongue runs before his feet.
  • A forced kindness deserves no thanks. Forced kindness is not worth gratitude.
  • A foul morning may turn to a fair day. A stormy morning may give way to a clear day. Wed. A gray morning is a red day.
  • A fox is not taken twice in the same snare. You can't catch a fox in the same trap twice. Wed. You can't fool an old fox twice. The old fox won't let himself be caught twice.
  • A friend in need is a friend indeed. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Wed. A friend in need is a friend indeed. You recognize a horse in the army, a friend in trouble. A friend is known in misfortune.
  • A friend is never known till needed. You won't know a friend until you need his help. Wed. An untested friend is unreliable. You will not get to know your friend without trouble.
  • A friend to all is a friend to none. He who is a friend to everyone is a friend to no one. Wed. Brother to everyone, brother to no one. There are many friends, but no friend. And many friends, but no friend.
  • A friend's frown is better than a foe's smile. Better is the gloomy face of a friend than the smile of an enemy. Wed. Better the bitter truth of a friend than the flattery of an enemy. The enemy agrees, and the friend argues.
  • A good anvil does not fear the hammer. A good anvil is not afraid of a hammer. Wed. Truth is not afraid of court.
  • A good beginning is half the battle. A good start is half the battle (lit. battle). Wed. The good start is half the battle.
  • A good beginning makes a good ending. A good beginning makes for a good ending. Wed. A good beginning leads to a good ending. The beginning paints the picture. Down and Out trouble started.
  • A good deed is never lost. A good deed will not go in vain. Wed. A good deed does not go without reward. Good will always be remembered. For a good deed, boldly expect praise. Good things are remembered with kindness.
  • A good dog deserves a good bone. A good dog deserves a good bone. Wed. "According to merit and honor.
  • A good example is the best sermon. A good example is the best sermon. Wed. Nothing convinces people better than an example.
  • A good face is a letter of recommendation. A good face is like a letter of recommendation. Wed. Eyes (face) are the mirror of the soul. A scarlet flower catches the eye. A moth flies to a scarlet flower.
  • A good Jack makes a good Jill. Good Jack and Jill is good. Wed. A good husband and a good wife.
  • A good marksman may miss. And a good shooter can miss. Wed. And a good horse sometimes stumbles. And big minds live on the blunder.
  • A good name is better than riches. Wed. Good fame is better than wealth. Not a penny of money, but fame is good. It is better to be poor than to become rich through sin.
  • A good name is sooner lost than won. A good reputation is easier to lose than to gain. Wed. Glory comes in gold coins and goes away in pounds.
  • A good name keeps its lustre in the dark. A good name also shines in darkness. Wed. Gold glitters even in dirt.
  • A good wife makes a good husband. A good wife has a good husband. Wed. A good wife and an honest husband. A good wife and a bad husband will do well.
  • A great dowry is a bed full of brambles. A rich dowry is like a bed full of thorns. Wed. It is better to marry a poor woman than to quarrel with a rich one. You don’t live with wealth, you live with a person. Don't take a dowry, take a sweet girl. If you take a rich one, you will reproach her.
  • A great fortune is a great slavery. Great fortune means great slavery. Wed. More money - more hassle. Extra money means extra worries. The rich man cannot sleep, he is afraid of the thief.
  • A great ship asks deep waters. Wed. For a big ship, a long voyage.
  • A guilty conscience needs no accuser. A bad conscience does not need an accuser. Wed. A bad conscience doesn't let you sleep. Conscience has no teeth, but gnaws. Conscience is not a wolf, but eats like a wolf. The stolen pig squeals in my ears. Sin also carries with it punishment.
  • A hard nut to crack. Wed. Strong meat.
  • A heavy purse makes a light heart. A tightly stuffed wallet makes your heart feel lighter. Wed. If you have something to clink, you can also grunt.
  • A hedge between keeps friendship green. When there is a fence between friends, the friendship lasts longer. The message: Maintaining boundaries in relationships promotes long-lasting friendships.
  • A honey tongue, a heart of gall. A tongue of honey, and a heart of bile. Wed. There is honey on the tongue, and ice under the tongue. Looks like a sheep, but smells like a wolf.
  • A hungry belly has no ears. Wed. A hungry belly is deaf to everything. A hungry belly has no ear.
  • A hungry man is an angry man. A hungry man is an angry man (i.e. if he is hungry, he is angry).
  • A Jack of all trades is master of none. A man who takes on many crafts is not good at any one. Wed. He takes on everything, but not everything succeeds. To take on everything is to be able to do nothing.
  • A Joke never gains an enemy but often loses a friend. You can't appease an enemy with a joke, but you can push a friend away. Wed. Make jokes, but be careful, otherwise you can get into trouble. Make jokes, but don’t bother people. Just kidding and look around.
  • A lawyer never goes to law himself. The lawyer himself never goes to court (since he knows the laws and ways to circumvent them well). Wed. A smart person doesn't go to court. It's like coming out of a pond: you won't come out dry.
  • A lazy sheep thinks its heavy wool. A lazy sheep's own wool is heavy. Wed. A lazy horse's tail is a burden. I want to swallow it, but I’m too lazy to chew it. I'm lazy and the sun doesn't rise at the right time.
  • A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. People don't believe a liar even when he tells the truth. Wed. Once you lie, you become a liar forever. Those who lied yesterday will not be believed tomorrow. Even if a liar tells the truth, no one will believe him. If you lie, you won’t die, but they won’t believe you ahead.
  • A lie begets a lie. Lies beget lies (i.e., in order to justify what was said earlier, one must lie again and again). Wed. those who are accustomed to lying will not be left behind.
  • A light purse is a heavy curse. A light wallet is a heavy curse. Wed. The worst of all troubles is when there is no money.
  • A light purse makes a heavy heart. When the wallet is light, the soul is heavy. Wed. There is not a piece of bread, and there is longing in my throat.
  • A little body often harbors a great soul. A small body often hides a great soul. Wed. Small spool but precious. A small spark, but a great flame will give birth. The nightingale is small, but has a great voice.
  • A little fire is quickly trodden out. A small fire is easy to trample. Wed. Spark the carcass before the fire, remove the attack before the impact.
  • A man can die but once. A person can only die once. Wed. Two deaths cannot happen, but one cannot be avoided.
  • A man can do no more than he can. You can't do more than you can. Wed. You can't jump over your head. You can't jump over yourself.
  • A man is known by the company he keeps. A person is recognized by his friends. Wed. Tell me who your friend is and I will tell you who you are. Whoever you hang out with is the one you're like.
  • A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds. Cp. An opponent of actions, a lover of words, is like a garden without fruit.
  • A miserly father makes a prodigal son. A miserly father's son may turn out to be a spendthrift. Wed. The stingy die, and the children open the chests. It happens that the father saves, and the son wastes money. The father saved up, but the son became cowardly.
  • A miss is as good as a mile. Missing is no better than making a mistake by a mile (that is, if you missed, it doesn’t matter by how much).
  • A new broom sweeps clean. Cp. The new broom sweeps well.
  • A nod from a lord is a breakfast for a fool. To a fool, a lord's nod is like breakfast. Wed. They give the fool honor, but he doesn’t know where to sit.
  • A penny saved is a penny gained. A penny saved is the same as a penny earned. Wed. Save what you find. Unspent money is an acquisition.
  • A penny soul never came to twopence. The penny soul never rose to two kopecks. Meaning: A petty person has never achieved success. Wed. To feel sorry for an altyn is to lose half a dime.
  • A quiet conscience sleeps in thunder. He sleeps with a clear conscience even in a thunderstorm. Wed. He who has a clear conscience does not have a pillow under his head.
  • A rolling stone gathers no moss. A rolling stone does not grow moss. Wed. Anyone who can't sit still won't do well.
  • A round peg in a square hole. A round peg in a square hole. Wed. It fit like a cow's saddle.
  • A shy cat makes a proud mouse. A timid cat has a boastful mouse. Wed. A timid cat has a mouse frolicking.
  • A silent fool is counted wise. A silent fool passes for a smart guy. Wed. Keep quiet - you'll pass for smart.
  • A small leak will sink a great ship. A small leak will send a big ship to the bottom. Wed. It’s a small pain, but it drives you to the next world.
  • A soft answer turns away wrath. A gentle answer cools anger. Wed. A humble word tames anger. An affectionate word and an affectionate appearance will lure the fierce into your arms. A hard word obstructs, a soft word humbles.
  • A sound mind in a sound body. In a healthy body healthy mind.
  • A stitch in time saves nine. One stitch done on time is worth nine. The point: what is done in a timely manner saves a lot of labor later.
  • A storm in a teacup. Wed. Storm in a teacup.
  • A tattler is worse than a thief. A chatterbox is worse than a thief. Wed. Stupidity is worse than theft.
  • Deep will call to deep. A thief recognizes a thief just as a wolf recognizes a wolf. Wed. Birds of a feather flock together.
  • A thief passes for a gentleman when stealing has made him rich. When theft has made a thief rich, he passes for a gentleman. Wed. Money doesn't smell.
  • A threatened blow is rarely given. The blow that is threatened is rarely delivered. Wed. He who threatens a lot does little harm.
  • A tree is known by its fruit. A tree is known by its fruits. Wed. An apple comes from an apple tree, a cone comes from a spruce tree.
  • A wager is a fool's argument. Betting is a fool's argument (that is, when a fool has no arguments, he offers to bet). Wed. Argue until you cry, but don’t bet.
  • Watched pot never boils. A watched pot never boils (that is, when you wait, time drags on forever).
  • A wise man changes his mind, a fool never will. A smart person changes his mind, but a fool never does. Wed. Stubbornness is a vice of a weak mind. Even though there’s a stake on his head, he’s all his own.
  • A wolf in sheep's clothing. Wed. Wolf in sheep's clothing.
  • A wonder lasts but nine days. The miracle lasts only nine days (that is, everything becomes boring). Wed. Pancakes even get boring.
  • A word is enough to the wise. A word is enough for a smart person. Wed. A smart person understands perfectly. Whistle to a smart guy, and he already understands. To the smart - a hint, to the stupid - a push.
  • A word spoken is past recalling. You can’t take back what’s been said. Wed. The word is not a sparrow; if it flies out, you won’t catch it.
  • Actions speak louder than words. Actions speak louder than words. Wed. Actions speak louder than words. A man is judged by his deeds.
  • Adversity is a great schoolmaster. Misfortune is a great teacher. Wed. Trouble will torture you, and trouble will teach you. What torments you also teaches you.
  • Adversity makes strange bedfellows. Need will bring a person with anyone. Wed. In times of need, you won’t get along with anyone.
  • After a storm comes a calm. After the storm there comes a calm. Wed. After a thunderstorm - a bucket, after grief - joy. Tears are like a thunderstorm: they will flow and dry up. A gray morning is a red day.
  • After dinner comes the reckoning. After lunch you have to pay. Wed. If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds.
  • After dinner sit (sleep) a while, after supper walk a mile. After lunch, sit (sleep) a little, after dinner, walk a mile.
  • After rain comes fair weather. After bad weather comes good weather. Wed. Not everything is bad weather, there will be some red sunshine. Not everything is bad weather, there will be a bucket.
  • After us the deluge. After us there might be a flood.
  • Agues come on horseback, but go away on foot. Diseases come to us on horseback, and leave us on foot. Wed. The disease enters in pounds, and comes out in spools. You'll soon get into trouble, but you won't survive soon.
  • All are good lasses, but whence come the bad wives? All girls are good, but where do bad wives come from? Wed. All brides are good, but where (from) do evil wives come from?
  • All are not friends that speak us fair. Not everyone is a friend who praises us. Wed. Don't trust every friend.
  • All are not hunters that blow the horn. Not everyone is a hunter who blows a horn. Wed. Not everything that is gray is a wolf. All that glitters is not gold.
  • All are not merry that dance lightly. Not everyone is happy who dances briskly. Wed. Not everyone who sings is happy. Those people who joke more are those whose hearts ache.
  • All are not saints that go to church. Wed. Not everyone who goes to church is righteous. Everyone is baptized, but not everyone prays.
  • All asses wag their ears. All donkeys wiggle their ears. Meaning: Fools tend to look thoughtful. Wed. Honor does not lie in a beard; even a goat has a beard. Not everyone is smart, who is smart. The custom is bovine, but the mind is calf.
  • All bread is not baked in one oven. Not all bread comes from the same oven. Meaning: people are different. Wed. You shouldn't cut everyone with the same brush.
  • All cats are gray in the dark (in the night). Wed. At night all cats are gray. At night all the horses are black.
  • All covet, all lose. To desire everything, to lose everything. Wed. Much to wish for, nothing to see. Much to wish for, but no good to be seen.
  • AN doors open to courtesy. All doors open to politeness. Wed. An affectionate word is not difficult, but quick. You'll catch more flies with honey than with vinegar.
  • All is fish that comes to his net. Whatever comes into his net is all fish. Meaning: he does not disdain anything; benefits from everything.
  • All is not lost that is in peril. Not everything is lost that is on the verge of destruction. Wed. Not everything that wobbles falls. He’s not yet naked because he’s bandaged with bast.
  • All is well that ends well. Wed. All is well that ends well. A good end to the whole thing is the crown.
  • All lay load on the willing horse. All the burden is placed on a conscientious horse. The meaning: everyone leaves their work to the goodness of a conscientious worker. Wed. A zealous horse always has twice the work, but the same food.
  • All men can't be first. Not everyone can be first.
  • All men can't be masters. Not everyone is given the opportunity to be a leader. Not everyone can be in charge.
  • All promises are either broken or kept. All promises are either broken or fulfilled. Wed. Both promises and pledges are not reliable.
  • All roads lead to Rome. All roads lead to Rome.
  • All sugar and honey. All made of sugar and honey. Wed. Sugar Medovich (about a sugary, insincere person).
  • All that glitters is not gold. Wed. All that glitters is not gold. Not all glitter is gold.
  • All things are difficult before they are easy. Everything is difficult before it becomes easy. Wed. Down and Out trouble started. Every beginning is difficult.
  • All truths are not to be told. Not every truth should be spoken out loud. Wed. Everyone praises the truth, but not everyone tells it. Everyone knows the truth, but not everyone ignores the truth.
  • All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Endless work without rest and entertainment makes Jack a boring fellow. Wed. Know how to get things done - know how to have fun. Mix business with idleness, and you will live a lifetime of fun.
  • "Almost" never killed a fly (was never hung).“Almost” didn’t kill even a fly (they didn’t send you to the gallows for the word “almost”). Meaning: it is never harmful to say “almost”, i.e. be careful in your statements.
  • Among the blind the one-eyed man is king. The crooked one is king among the blind. Wed. Between the blind crooked is the first leader. Without fish there is fish and cancer.
  • An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Eat an apple a day and you won't need a doctor.
  • An ass in a lion's skin. Donkey in lion skin.
  • An ass is but an ass, though laden with gold. A donkey will remain a donkey, even if it is loaded with gold. Wed. A pig in a golden collar is still a pig. A donkey will remain a donkey in both orders and ribbons!
  • An ass loaded with gold climbs to the top of the castle. A donkey loaded with gold will climb onto the castle roof. Wed. Money pave the way. Don’t say a word to someone else, just show them the money.
  • An empty hand is no lure for a hawk. An empty hand does not attract a hawk. Wed. The dry spoon hurts my mouth.
  • An empty sack cannot stand upright. An empty bag will not stand.
  • An empty vessel gives a greater sound than a full barrel. An empty vessel rattles louder than a full barrel. Wed. An empty barrel rattles louder (more loudly). I ring a lot in an empty barrel. Where the river is deepest, there is less noise.
  • An evil chance rarely comes alone. Trouble rarely comes alone. Wed. Trouble does not come alone. Trouble has come, open the gate.
  • An honest tale speeds best, being plainly told. The best thing is the word spoken directly and simply. Wed. Not long thought, but well said.
  • An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. One morning hour is worth two evening hours. Wed. The morning is wiser than the evening. With a fresh mind.
  • An idle brain is the devil's workshop. An idle brain is the devil's workshop. Wed. Idleness is the mother of all vices. When idle, all sorts of stupid things come into my head.
  • An ill wound is cured, not an ill name. A serious wound can be healed, but a bad reputation cannot.
  • An oak is not felled at one stroke. Wed. You can't knock down an oak tree with one blow.
  • An old dog barks not in vain. An old dog doesn't bark for no reason. Wed. The old raven does not croak for nothing. An old dog won't bark at an empty tree.
  • An open door may tempt a saint. An open door will lead a saint into temptation. Wed. Don’t misplace it, don’t lead the thief into sin. The thief's belly hurts, where he lies badly. The thief does not steal where there is a lot, but where it is bad.
  • An ounce of discretion is worth a pound of learning. An ounce of caution is as good as a pound of learning. Wed. Sleep with one eye and take care with the other.
  • An ox is taken by the horns, and a man by the tongue. They take a bull by the horns, and a man by the tongue. Wed. Every magpie perishes by its own tongue. A chatterbox's tongue won't do any good. My tongue is my enemy. Speak, but don't let it slip.
  • An unfortunate man would be drowned in a teacup. A loser can be drowned in a cup. Wed. When you're unlucky, you'll drown in a spoonful of water. All the trouble falls on poor Makar.
  • Anger and haste hinder good counsel. Anger and haste cloud the mind. Wed. Don't punish in anger. Be angry, but do not sin.
  • Any port in a storm. In a storm, any harbor is good. Meaning: in trouble, any way out is good.
  • Appearances are deceitful. Wed. Appearances are deceiving. Don't look at the face, look at the custom. Good in face, but ugly in soul.
  • Appetite comes with eating. Wed. Appetite comes with eating. The more you eat, the more you want.
  • As drunk as a lord. Drunk like a lord (i.e., as only a rich man can get drunk). Wed. Drunk as hell.
  • As innocent as a babe unborn. Innocent, like an unborn baby (i.e., naive to the extreme). Wed. A real baby.
  • As like as an apple to an oyster. As similar as an apple to an oyster. Wed. It looks like a nail on a memorial service.
  • As like as two peas. Similar as two peas. Wed. As two drops of water. As if they were hewn from the same block.
  • As old as the hills. Ancient as the hills. Wed. As old as time.
  • As plain as the nose on a man's face. As obvious as the nose is on the face. Wed. Clear as day.
  • As plain as two and two make four. Wed. As clear as two and two are four.
  • As snug as a bug in a rug. Cozy, like a bug in a carpet (i.e. very cozy). Wed. It's warm, light and flies don't bite.
  • As sure as eggs is eggs. It is true that eggs are eggs. Wed. Like two and two are four.
  • As the call, so the echo. As you call, so will he answer Wed. As it comes back, so will it respond.
  • As the fool thinks, so the bell clinks. The fool thinks that if he wants, the bell will ring. Wed. There is no law for fools. The law is not written to fools; if it is written, it is not read; if it is read, it is not understood; if it is understood, it is not understood.
  • As the old cock crows, so does the young. Just as an old rooster crows, so does the young one. Wed. The young rooster crows as he heard it from the old one. The small dog barks and the big dog imitates.
  • As the tree falls, so shall it lie. As the tree falls, it will lie there. Wed. Wherever the tree leaned, it fell.
  • As the tree, so the fruit. Wed. As is the tree, so is the fruit.
  • As welcome as flowers in May. As welcome as flowers in May (i.e. long-awaited, desired, very opportune).
  • As welcome as water in one's shoes. Desired, like water in shoes (i.e. completely inappropriate). Wed. I need it like a dog needs a fifth leg. You need it like a fifth wheel in a cart.
  • As well be hung for a sheep as for a lamb. It makes no difference what to be hanged for: a sheep or a lamb. Wed. Seven troubles - one answer.
  • As you brew, so must you drink. What you have brewed, then disentangle it. Wed. You made the porridge yourself, so you can sort it out yourself.
  • As you make your bed, so must you lie on it. Wed. As you go to bed, so will you sleep.
  • As you sow, so shall you reap. As you sow, so shall you reap, Wed. What goes around comes around.
  • Ask no questions and you will be told no lies. Don't ask questions and they won't lie to you. Wed. Don't get into your soul.
  • At the ends of the earth. On the edge of the world. Wed. In the middle of nowhere.
  • Bacchus has drowned more men than Neptune. Bacchus drowned more people than Neptune. Meaning: Wine has killed more people than the sea. Wed. More people drown in a glass than in the sea. More people die in wine than in water. He who loves wine destroys himself.
  • Bad news has wings. Bad news has wings. cjo. Bad rumors fly on wings. Bad news does not lie still.
  • Barking does rarely bite. Barking dogs rarely bite. Wed. A barking dog is less likely to bite. A dog that barks rarely bites.
  • Be slow to promise and quick to perform. Be not quick to promise, but quick to fulfill. Wed. Without giving a word, be strong, and having given a word, hold on. Promise little, deliver much.
  • Be swift to hear, slow to speak. Listen hard, but don't talk too much. Wed. Listen more, talk less.
  • Beauty is but skin-deep. Beauty is just above. Meaning: Appearances are deceiving; beauty is short-lived. Wed. Don't drink water from your face. Beauty will attract attention, but intelligence will come in handy.
  • Beauty lies in lover's eyes. Beauty is in the eyes of the lover. Wed. Not beautiful is beautiful, but beloved. Not nice in a nice way, but nice in a nice way.
  • Before one can say Jack Robinson. Before you can say “Jack Robinson.” Wed. You won't even have time to blink an eye.
  • Before you make a friend eat a bushel of salt with him. Before you make friends with a person, eat a bushel of salt with him. Wed. Don't recognize a friend in three days, recognize a friend in three years. You recognize a person when you eat a ton of salt with him. You recognize a person when you eat cabbage soup from seven ovens with him.
  • Beggars cannot be choosers. Beggars don't have to choose. Wed. For a poor man and a thief, all kinds of clothes fit.
  • Believe not all that you see nor half what you hear. Don't believe everything you see or half of what people say. Wed. Not everything that people say is true.
  • Best defense is offense. Attack is the best type of defense.
  • Better a glorious death than a shameful life. Better a glorious death than a shameful life. Wed. Better a glorious death than a shameful life. Better death, but death with glory, than inglorious days of shame.
  • Better a lean peace than a fat victory. Wed. A bad peace is better than a good quarrel (abuse.
  • Better a little fire to warm us, than a great one to burn us. Better a small fire that will warm us than a big one that will burn us. Wed. A little bit of good stuff.
  • Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow. Wed. Better an egg today than a chicken tomorrow. Don't promise me a bull, but give me a glass of milk. Don't promise a pie in the sky, but give a bird in your hands.
  • Better an open enemy than a false friend. It is better to have an obvious enemy than a hypocritical friend. Wed. It is not the dog that bites that barks, but the one that is silent and wags its tail.
  • Better to be alone than in bad company. It's better to be alone than in bad company. Wed. Make friends with the good, and avoid the evil ones.
  • Better be born lucky than rich. It's better to be born lucky than rich. Wed. Don't be born beautiful, but be born happy.
  • Better be envied than pitied. It is better to arouse envy in people than pity. Wed. It is better to live in envy than in pity.
  • Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. It's better to be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. Meaning: It is better to be first among ordinary people than last among nobles or rich people. Wed. It's better to be the head of a cat than the tail of a lion.
  • Better deny at once than promise long. Rather than promising all the time, it is better to refuse immediately. Wed. Don't keep it with a promise, give it a refusal. An honest refusal is better than a delay.
  • Better die standing than live kneeling. Wed. It's better to die standing than to live on your knees. Better a glorious death than a shameful life.
  • Better early than late. Better early than late. Wed. Spark the carcass before the fire.
  • Better give a shilling than lend a half-crown. It is better to give a shilling than to lend half a crown. (Shilling in Better go to bed supperless than rise in debt. It’s better to go to bed without dinner than to wake up in debt. Wed. Eat turnips instead of rye, but don’t keep someone else’s.
  • Better late than never. Wed. Better late than never.
  • Better lose a joke than a friend. It's better to refrain from making a joke than to lose a friend. Wed. Don’t joke with someone like you who is sensitive to every word. Don't joke about what is dear to someone else.
  • Better one-eyed than stone-blind. Better crooked than completely blind.
  • Better the devil you know than the devil you don't. The devil you know is better than the devil you don't know. Wed. A known disaster is better than an expected unknown.
  • Better the foot slip than the tongue. Wed. It's better to slip up than to make a mistake. It's better to stumble with your foot than with your tongue.
  • Better to do well than to say well. It is better to do well than to speak well. Wed. What has been said has not been proven, it must be done. From word to deed - a grandmother's mile.
  • Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven. It is better to reign in hell than to serve in heaven. Wed. It's better to be the first in the village than the last in the city.
  • Better unborn than untaught. It's better not to be born than to live ignorantly.
  • Better untaught than ill-taught. It's better to be untrained than poorly trained. Wed. A half-educated person is worse than an uneducated person. Half-knowledge is worse than ignorance.
  • Between the cup and the lip a morsel may slip. A piece may fall as you carry it from the bowl to your mouth. Wed. Don't say "hop" until you jump over. Praise the slide as soon as you get over it.
  • Between the devil and the deep (blue) sea. Between the devil and the blue (deep) sea. Wed. Between two fires. Between a rock and a hard place.
  • Between two evils "tis not worth choosing. There is no need to choose between two evils. Wed. Horseradish is not sweeter than radish.
  • Between two stools one goes (falls) to the ground. Anyone sitting between two chairs can easily fall. Wed. I wanted to sit on two chairs, but ended up on the floor.
  • Between the upper and nether millstone. Between the upper and lower millstones. Wed. Between a rock and a hard place. Between two fires.
  • Betwixt and between. Wed. Half a heart. Neither this nor that.
  • Beware of a silent dog and still water. Beware of the silent dog and still water. Wed. Still waters run deep. Where the river is deeper, it makes less noise. Don't be afraid of a lying dog, be afraid of a silent one. Quiet, but dashing; loud, but quick-witted.
  • Bind the sack before it be full. Tie the bag before it's full. Wed. In everything you need to know when to stop. Know in moderation in everything.
  • Birds of a feather flock together. Birds of the same plumage gather together. Wed. The suit matches the suit. Birds of a feather flock together.
  • Blind men can judge no colors. Blind people cannot judge colors. Wed. All the blind chicken needs is wheat.
  • Blood is thicker than water. Blood is thicker than years (i.e., ties of consanguinity are stronger than other ties). Wed. His reluctant brother. Your own fool is worth more than someone else's smart guy. His child is hunchbacked, but cute.
  • Borrowed garments never fit well. Other people's clothes never fit well. Wed. Someone else's crust is tearing at my mouth. Someone else's clothes are not reliable.
  • Brevity is the soul of wit. Brevity is the soul of wit. Wed. It's short and clear, which is why it's great. It’s not what’s been talked about that’s tricky, but what’s left unsaid. Brevity is the soul of wit.
  • Burn not your house to get rid of it of the mouse. Don't burn your own home to get rid of mice. Wed. Angry about the fleas, and the fur coat in the oven.
  • Business before pleasure. Business comes first, then entertainment. Wed. Time for business, time for fun. Do the job, walk boldly.
  • By doing nothing we learn to do ill. By doing nothing, we learn bad deeds. Wed. Idleness (idleness) is the mother of all vices. When idle, all sorts of stupid things come into my head.
  • By hook or by crook. Not with a hook, but with a crochet. Wed. If we don't wash it, we'll just ride it. Not lump, but sideways. By hook or by crook.
  • By the street of "by-and-bye" one arrives at the house of "Never". Along the street “Just about” you will get to the house “Never”. The point is: you won't achieve anything by procrastinating.
  • Calamity is man"s true touchstone. Misfortune is the best touchstone for a person. Wed. A person is known to be in trouble.
  • Care killed the cat. Caring killed the cat. Wed. Troubles and sorrows rolled off your feet. It is not work that ages, but care. The bitterness will dry up even the splinter. Those of the sea are drowned by the sea, and those of the land are drowned by grief.
  • Catch the bear before you sell his skin. First catch the bear, and then sell its skin. Wed. Without killing the bear, do not sell the skins. Do not share the skin of an unkilled bear.
  • Caution is the parent of safety. Caution is the mother of safety. Wed. God protects those who are protected.
  • Charity begins at home. Charity (charity) begins at home. Wed. Your shirt is closer to your body.
  • Cheapest is the dearest. Cheap things cost the most. Wed. Cheap leads to expensive. Cheap but rotten, expensive but cute. Don't be happy with a cheap purchase.
  • Cheek brings success. Self-confidence brings success. Wed. Cheek brings success. Success is inseparable from the brave.
  • Children and fools must not play with edged tools. Children and fools should not play with sharp instruments.
  • Children are poor men's riches. Children are the wealth of the poor. Wed. What a treasure when the children get along well.
  • Choose an author as you choose a friend. Choose a writer the same way you choose a friend.
  • Christmas comes but once a year, (but when it comes it brings good cheer). Christmas comes once a year, but when it comes, it brings joy with it. Meaning: a holiday does not happen every day.
  • Circumstances alter cases. It all depends on the circumstances. Wed. Don't think ahead.
  • Claw me, and I will claw thee. Praise me and I will praise you. Wed. The cuckoo praises the rooster because he praises the cuckoo. One good turn deserves another. The hand washes the hand.
  • Cleanliness is next to godliness. Cleanliness is akin to righteousness. Wed. Cleanliness is the best beauty.
  • Company in distress makes trouble less. When there are friends in misfortune, there is less misfortune. Wed. In the world, even death is red.
  • Confession is the first step to repentance. Confession is the first step to repentance. Wed. Whoever confessed has repented. Confession is the sister of repentance. A fault confessed is half redressed.
  • Counsel is no command. Advice is not a command. Wed. Advice doesn’t get into your pocket and doesn’t rub your pocket.
  • Creditors have better memories than debtors. Lenders have better memories than debtors. Wed. Debts are remembered not by those who take them, but by those who give them.
  • Cross the stream where it is shallowest. Cross the river at the shallowest point. Wed. If you don't know the ford, don't go into the water.
  • Crows do not pick crow's eyes. Wed. A raven will not peck out a crow's eye.
  • Curiosity killed a cat. Curiosity killed the cat. Meaning: curiosity will not lead to good. Wed. If you know a lot, you will soon grow old. A curious man's nose was pinched at the market. Curious Varvara's nose was torn off at the market
  • Curses like chickens come home to roost. Curses, like chickens, return to their roost. Wed. Don't dig a hole for someone else, you will fall into it yourself. The cat will shed the tears of a mouse.
  • Custom is a second nature. Habit is second nature. The goat shakes his beard, he’s used to it from a young age.
  • Custom is the plague of wise men and the idol of fools. Custom (i.e., compliance with conventions) is a punishment for the smart and an object of worship for fools.
  • Cut your coat according to your cloth. When cutting, proceed from the available material. Wed. Stretch your legs over your clothes.
  • Death is the grand leveler. Death is the great equalizer, Wed. Death equals everyone. In death, everyone is equal. Death does not understand rank. Both the sexton and the ruler are equal in the land.
  • Death pays all debts. Death pays all debts. Wed. You can't take anything from a dead and naked person. Death reconciles everything.
  • Death when it comes will have no denial. When death comes, you cannot refuse it. Wed. Death will not ask, it will come and mow you down. You can't escape death. You can't buy yourself out of death.
  • Debt is the worst poverty. Debt is the worst kind of poverty. Wed. Debt is a painful burden - it takes away sleep and time.
  • Deeds, not words. Wed. (We need) deeds, not words.
  • Delays are dangerous. Delay is dangerous. Wed. Delay is like death.
  • Desperate diseases must have desperate remedies. Serious illnesses must be treated with strong remedies. Meaning: in emergency situations, emergency measures must be taken.
  • Diligence is the mother of success (good luck). Diligence is the mother of success (luck). Wed. Patience and work will grind everything down.
  • Diseases are the interests of pleasures. Diseases are interest for the pleasures received. Wed. Look for your illness at the bottom of the plate. Moderation is the mother of health.
  • Divide and rule. Divide and rule.
  • Do as you would be done by. Do as you would like to be treated. Wed. What you don’t want for yourself, don’t do to someone else. When you want good for yourself, do not harm anyone. What you don’t want for yourself, don’t do to others.
  • Dog does not eat dog. A dog doesn't eat dog. Wed. A raven will not peck out a crow's eye.
  • Dog eats dog. The dog eats the dog. Wed. Man is a wolf to man.
  • Dogs that put up many hares kill none. Dogs that scare away many hares will not catch any. Wed. If you chase two hares, you won't catch either.
  • Doing is better than saying. It's better to do than talk. Wed. Don't be quick with your words, be quick with your actions.
  • Don't count your chickens before they are hatched. Don't count your chickens before they hatch. Wed. Do not count your chickens before they are hatched. Don't count the ducklings before they hatch.
  • Don't cross the bridges before you come to them. Don't cross bridges until you reach them. The point: don’t create difficulties for yourself in advance. Wed. Don't think ahead. The morning is wiser than the evening.
  • Don't have thy cloak to make when it begins to rain. Don't start sewing your raincoat when it starts to rain. Wed. When you go hunting, then feed the dogs.
  • Don't keep a dog and bark yourself. If you have a dog, don't bark. Meaning: do not work for your subordinate. Wed. The dog is fed because it barks.
  • Don't look a gift horse in the mouth. Don't look a gift horse in the mouth. Wed. They do not look at a given horse's teeth.
  • Don't put all your eggs in one basket. Don't put all your eggs in one basket (i.e. don't risk everything you have). Wed. Don't bet on just one card. You can't hang everything on one nail.
  • Don"t sell the bear"s skin before you"ve caught it. Don't sell bear skins without first catching the bear. Wed. Without killing the bear, do not sell the skins. The bear is in the forest, and the skin is sold.
  • Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. Do not disturb troubles until trouble itself disturbs you. Wed. Don't stir it up while it's quiet. Don't stir up trouble if trouble is sleeping. Don't look for trouble: trouble will find you. Don't tease the dog, it won't bite. Don't whip the mare - and she won't kick.
  • Don't whistle (halloo) until you are out of the wood. Don't whistle until you get out of the forest. Wed. Don't say "gop" until you jump over.
  • Dot your i"s and cross your t"s. Dot the i's and dash the t's (i.e., clarify your words, finish them to the end). Wed. Dot all the i's. If you start talking, finish it.
  • Draw not your bow till your arrow is fixed. Do not draw the bow until you have adjusted the arrow (that is, do not act hastily and carelessly). Wed. Pull yourself together first and fight later.
  • Drive the nail that will go. Drive in the nail that gets driven in. Meaning: do what is possible; don't try to do the impossible. Wed. You can't break through walls with your forehead. Don't get into trouble.
  • Drunken days have all their tomorrow. Drunk days have their tomorrow. Wed. A drunk jumps, but when he wakes up he cries.
  • Drunkenness reveals what soberness conceals. Wed. What is on the sober mind is on the tongue of the drunk. Sober thoughts, but drunken speech. A drunk is a small guy: what's on his mind is on his tongue.
  • Dumb dogs are dangerous. Silent dogs are dangerous. Wed. Don't be afraid of a lying dog, but be afraid of a silent one. Still waters run deep.
  • Each bird loves to hear himself sing. Every bird loves to listen to itself. Wed. Everyone is a sight for sore eyes. Everyone is good to themselves. Every fox praises its tail. Buckwheat porridge praises itself.
  • Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Wed. Whoever goes to bed early and gets up early will gain health, wealth and intelligence.
  • Easier said than done. Easier said than done. Wed. It’s easy to tell a fairy tale, but it’s not easy to do the deed. What has been said has not been proven, it must be done.
  • East or West - home is best. Whether it's East or West, home is best. Wed. Being a guest is good, but being at home is better. Even if you crawl through your corner sideways, everything is better.
  • Easy come, easy go. Wed. Easily obtained - easily lived. It came in one fell swoop and went in vain. What is easy to earn is easy to live.
  • Eat at pleasure, drink with measure. Eat to your heart's content and drink in moderation. Wed. Bread puts you on your feet, but wine brings you down.
  • Empty vessels make the greatest (the most) sound. Empty vessels make the loudest noise. Wed. Empty vessels make the greatest sound.
  • Enough is as good as a feast. Having enough is like feasting. Wed. Contentment is the best wealth. They do not seek good from good.
  • Envy shoots at others and wounds herself. Envy aims at others, but wounds itself. Wed. He who is envious of someone else's happiness dries up. The envious one dries up with envy.
  • Even reckoning makes long friends. Settling accounts strengthens friendship. Wed. The expense of friendship is not a hindrance. The friendship score does not spoil. More often the score means stronger friendship. Score more often - friendship is sweeter.
  • Every ass loves to hear himself bray. Every donkey loves to listen to his own roar. Wed. Everyone is a sight for sore eyes. Everyone is good to themselves. Every fox praises its tail.
  • Every barber knows that. Every barber knows this (that is, it is not a secret). Wed. Everyone knows this. A secret to the whole world. What the godfather knows, the whole village knows. A secret is not a secret, but the whole world knows.
  • Every bean has its black. Meaning: there are no people without shortcomings; everything has a downside. Wed. There are lees to every wine.
  • Every bird likes its own nest. Every bird loves its nest. Wed. There is nothing like leather. The bird that doesn't like its nest is stupid. You can swim up to your ears and still be at home.
  • Every bullet has its billet. Each bullet has its own purpose. Wed. Everyone has their own plan.
  • Every country has its customs. Each country has its own customs. Wed. The city is noisy. So many countries, so many customs. Every farmstead has its own belief.
  • Every dark cloud has a silver lining. Every dark cloud is edged with silver. Wed. Every cloud has a silver lining.
  • Every day is not Sunday. Not every day is Sunday. Wed. Every day is not Sunday.
  • Every dog ​​has his day. Every dog ​​has its own holiday. Wed. Every dog ​​has his day. We will also have a chance to sing our own song. The sun will come to our windows.
  • Every dog ​​is a lion at home. At home, every dog ​​feels like a lion. Wed. Every sandpiper is great in its swamp. Everyone is big in his family.
  • Every dog ​​is valiant at his own door. Every dog ​​is brave at his door. Wed. In its nest, the raven will peck out the eye of the kite. And the rooster is brave in his ashes. On her little street, even the chicken is brave. In the underground, even the mouse is a hero.
  • Every Jack has his Jill. Every Jack is destined for his Jill. Wed. Every bride is born for her groom. For every product there is a buyer. For every hole there is a plug.
  • Every man has a fool in his sleeve. Everyone has a fool up their sleeve. Wed. Simplicity is enough for every wise man. Madness can happen to the wise too.
  • Every man has his faults. Everyone has their own shortcomings. Wed. There are no people without shortcomings. From West to East there is no man without a vice.
  • Every man has his hobby-horse. Everyone has their own strong point. Wed. Everyone goes crazy in their own way.
  • Every man is the architect of his own fortunes. Each person is the architect of his own happiness. Wed. Man himself is the builder of his destiny. Everyone is a blacksmith to his own fortune. Happiness does not float in the air, but is achieved by hand.
  • Every man to his taste. Everyone has their own taste. Wed. For taste, for color - there is no comrade. Tastes could not be discussed.
  • Every miller draws water to his own mill. Every miller takes water to his mill. Meaning: everyone takes care of themselves. Wed. Everyone is pulled into their own hole.
  • Every mother thinks her own gosling a swan. Every mother considers her gosling a swan. Wed. Although the child is crooked, it is a wonder for the father and mother.
  • Every one's faults are not written in their foreheads. People's shortcomings are not written on their foreheads. Wed. It's not written on his forehead.
  • Every tub must stand on its own bottom. Every tub must stand on its own bottom (that is, everyone must take care of themselves). Wed. Live by your own mind and your own hump. You can't live long with someone else's mind.
  • Every white has its black, and every sweet its sour. Every white has its own black, and every sweet has its own bitterness. Wed. There is no sweet without bitter. There is no rose without thorns.
  • Every why has a wherefore. For every why there is a because. Wed. There is a reason for everything.
  • Everybody's business is nobody's business. The common cause is no one's business. Meaning: the task entrusted to everyone remains undone, since everyone relies on the other. In any case there must be a responsible person. Wed. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
  • Everything comes to him who waits. Everything will come to those who wait. Wed. He who waits will wait.
  • Everything is good in its season. Everything is good in due time. Wed. Every vegetable has its time. Everything has its time. Everything has its turn. Every seed knows its time.
  • Evil communications corrupt good manners. Bad surroundings spoil good manners. Wed. Whoever you hang out with, that's how you'll gain. Whoever you hang out with, that's who you're like.
  • Experience is the mother of wisdom. Life experience is the mother of wisdom (i.e., the basis of wisdom in life experience). Wed. Don't ask the smart one, but ask the experienced one. In troubles a person manages.
  • Experience keeps a dear school, but fools learn in no other. Experience comes at a high price, but nothing else can teach fools. Wed. If you endure grief, you will learn to live.
  • Experience keeps no school, she teaches her pupils singly. Experience does not have a common school; it teaches its students separately (that is, you learn from your own experience).
  • Extremes meet. Wed. Extremes meet. Meaning: in opposites there is an element of commonality.
  • Facts are stubborn things. Wed. Facts are stubborn. Facts are stubborn things.
  • Faint heart never won fair lady. A timid heart has never won the heart of a beauty. Wed. The city takes courage (prowess). He who dared ate it.
  • Fair without, foul (false) within. Beautiful on the outside, but dirty on the inside. Wed. The shirt is white, but the soul is black. He has a good face, but not a good soul. She is beautiful, but rotten at heart.
  • Fair words break no bones. A kind (fair) word does not break bones. Wed. Words won't do it.
  • False friends are worse than open enemies. False friends are worse than obvious enemies. Wed. For the time being, a friend is worse than an enemy.
  • Familiarity breeds contempt. Excessive intimacy breeds contempt.
  • Far from eye, far from heart. Wed. Out of sight, out of mind.
  • Fasting comes after feasting. After the feast comes fasting. Wed. Today the feast is a mountain, and tomorrow he goes with a bag. At once thick, at once empty.
  • Faults are thick where love is thin. They see many flaws in those who are little loved. Wed. I endure everything because I love. Sweet to my dear - and white without whitewash. Those who are not loved are not listened to.
  • Feast today and fast tomorrow. Today is a feast, and tomorrow is fasting. Wed. At once thick, at once empty. Sometimes cabbage soup with meat, and sometimes bread with kvass.
  • Fine feathers make fine birds. Beautiful birds are beautiful with their plumage. Wed. Tailor makes the man.
  • Fine words butter no parsnips. Wed. You won't get enough of the conversation. Nightingales are not fed fables. Horses are not fed songs. From the looks of it, you won't be full.
  • First catch your hare. First catch the hare. Wed. Do not share the skin of an unkilled bear. Without killing the bear, do not sell the skins.
  • First come, first served. Whoever came first was served first. Wed. Those who came late will have a gnawed corn. The late guest gnaws at the bone. Came late, found the bones.
  • First deserve and then desire. First deserve it, then desire it. Wed. According to merit and honor.
  • First think, then speak. Think first, then speak. Wed. If you say it, you won’t turn it back. Think first, and then tell us.
  • Fish and company stink in three days. The fish and the company begin to smell bad after three days (that is, the fish begins to spoil, and the company becomes boring). Wed. And the best song becomes boring.
  • Fish begins to stink at the head. The fish starts to smell from the head. Wed. The fish rots (spoils) from the head.
  • Follow the river and you"ll get to the sea. Walk along the river and you will come out to the sea. Wed. You will follow the thread to the ball.
  • Fool's haste is no speed. A fool's haste is not speed. Wed. If you hurry, you will make people laugh.
  • Fools and madmen speak the truth. Fools and madmen speak the truth. Wed. Everyone knows the truth, but not everyone tells it. Don't say everything you know. A fool has what is on his mind and on his tongue.
  • Fools grow without watering. Fools grow without watering. Wed. Fools are not yelled at, fools are not sown - they will be born themselves. Fools are not sown, they themselves are born.
  • Fools may sometimes speak to the purpose. Wed. And a fool sometimes says a word in harmony.
  • Fools never know when they are well. Fools never know when they're feeling good. Wed. Nothing is enough for a fool. It's not so for a fool.
  • Fools rush in where angels fear to thread. Fools go where even angels fear to tread. Wed. There is no law for fools. The law is not written to fools; if it is written, it is not read; if it is read, it is not understood; if it is understood, it is not understood.
  • For the love of the game. For the love of the game. Wed. For the love of art.
  • Forbearance is no acquittance. To tolerate graciously does not mean to reconcile.
  • Forbidden fruit is sweet. Wed. The Forbidden fruit is sweet. There is a whole market for forbidden goods.
  • Forewarned is forearmed. Those who are forewarned are forearmed in advance. Wed. Warning is the same as caution.
  • Fortune favors the brave (the bold). Fate favors the brave. Wed. Success is inseparable from the brave. Fortune favors the brave.
  • Fortune is easily found, but hard to be kept. Finding happiness is easy, but it is difficult to keep it. Wed. It is easier to find happiness than to keep it.
  • Four eyes see more (better) than two. Four eyes see more (better) than two. Wed. A mind is good, but two are better. One head is good, two are better.
  • Friends are thieves of time. Friends are thieves of your time.
  • From bad to worse. From bad to worse. Wed. From bag to bag. Out of the frying pan into the fire.
  • From pillar to post. From pillar to post (that is, back and forth, from one difficulty to another). Wed. Poking and poking.
  • Gentility without ability is worse than plain beggary. A man with aristocratic manners, but without money, is worse than a beggar.
  • Get a name to rise early, and you may lie all day. Create a reputation for yourself as an early riser, then lie in bed all day long.
  • Gifts from enemies are dangerous. Gifts from enemies are dangerous. Wed. The enemy gives, thinks evil.
  • Give a fool enough, and he will hang himself. Give a fool a rope and he'll hang himself. Wed. Ask a fool to pray to God, he will hurt his forehead.
  • Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice. Listen to everyone, but talk to few. Wed. Listen more, talk less.
  • Give him an inch and he"ll take an ell. Give him an inch, he'll grab all three arshins. Wed. Give him a finger and he'll bite your whole hand off. Place the pig at the table, with its feet on the table. Put a chicken in the garden, and lo and behold, it will eat up the entire garden.
  • Give never the wolf the weather to keep. Don't let the wolf look after the ram. Wed. Don't let the goat into the garden. A wolf is not a shepherd, a pig is not a gardener. It's bad for the sheep, where the wolf is the commander.
  • Gluttony kills more men than the sword. More people die from gluttony than from the sword.
  • Go to bed with the lamb and rise with the lark. Go to bed with the lamb and rise with the lark. Wed. Lie down with the chickens. and get up with the rooster.
  • Good clothes open all doors. Good clothes open all doors. Wed. They meet you by their clothes.
  • Good counsel does no harm. Good advice does no harm. Wed. You can't spoil porridge with butter. There is no price for good advice.
  • Good health is above wealth. Good health is more valuable than wealth. Wed. Health is more important than money. Health is more valuable than anything else. Health is more valuable than any wealth.
  • Good masters make good servants. Good masters have good servants. Wed. A good gardener is a good gooseberry. The owner is good - and the house is good. As is the pop, so is the arrival.
  • Good words and no deeds. Just beautiful words, but no action in sight. Wed. Where there are many words, there is little action.
  • Good words without deeds are rushes and reeds. Words without deeds are like reed thickets. Wed. In words this way and that, but in reality - nothing at all. Words go here and there, but deeds go nowhere. Don't be quick with your words, be quick with your actions.
  • Gossiping and lying go hand in hand. Gossip and lies go hand in hand.
  • Grasp all, lose all. To grab onto everything means to lose everything. Wed. If you chase two hares, you won't catch either. To wish for a lot is not to see good.
  • Great barkers are no biters. He who barks a lot doesn't bite. The message: Hot-tempered people are usually harmless. Wed. He who threatens a lot does little harm. Quiet, but dashing, loud, and easy-going. A hot temper is never evil.
  • Great boast, small roast. Lots of boasting, but not enough frills. Wed. A lot of words, but little action. There is a column of smoke, but no fire is visible.
  • Great cry and little wool. Lots of screaming, but not enough fur. Wed. There is a lot of squealing, but no fur. There is a lot of noise, but little action.
  • Great spenders are bad lenders. He who spends recklessly does not lend.
  • Great talkers are great liars. He who talks a lot lies a lot. Wed. He who interprets less lies less. Talk less, sin less.
  • Great talkers are little doers. He who talks a lot does little. Wed. A big talker is a bad worker. Where there are many words, there is little action. We heard the speeches, but we don’t see the deeds. He who is quick with words is rarely argumentative in business.
  • Greedy folk have long arms. Greedy people have long arms. Wed. Envious eyes, raking hands.
  • Habit cures habit. One habit is cured by another. Wed. The wedge is knocked out by the wedge.
  • Half a loaf is better than no bread. Half a loaf is better than nothing. Wed. Better little than nothing at all.
  • "Hamlet" without the Prince of Denmark."Hamlet" without the Prince of Denmark. Wed. Scrambled eggs without eggs. A wedding without a bride.
  • Handsome is that handsome does. Beautiful is he who acts beautifully. Meaning: one should judge only by deeds. Wed. Where the wort is good, the beer is never bad.
  • Happiness takes no account of time. For the happy, time does not exist. Wed. Happy hours are not observed.
  • Happy is he that is happy in his children. Happy is the one who is happy with his children (i.e., who has good children). Wed. What's the treasure if the children get along well?
  • Hard words break no bones. A strong word does not break bones. Wed. Hard words break no bones. The word is not hard - it doesn’t hit you in the forehead. Words won't do it.
  • Hares may pull dead lions by the beard. Even hares can pull a dead lion's beard. Wed. Well done among the sheep. A dead dog will not bite.
  • Harm watch, harm catch. If you keep watch bravely, you will catch it dashingly. Wed. If you follow someone who is unkind, you will end up in trouble. If you go for the bad, you will find the bad. Don't look for trouble: trouble will find you.
  • Haste makes waste. If you rush, you will waste your time. Wed. They did it hastily, but they made a mockery. If you hurry, you will make people laugh.
  • Hasty climbers have sudden falls. Those who hastily climb suddenly fall. Wed. They run fast and fall so often. He who flies too high falls too low.
  • Hate not at the first harm. Do not rush to hate if a person has harmed you for the first time. Wed. Forgive me three times, and the fourth time I'm sick.
  • Hatred is blind, as well as love. Hate, like love, is blind. Wed. Passions cloud the mind. Fire has no coolness, anger has no reason.
  • Hawks will not pick hawks" eyes. A hawk will not peck out a hawk's eyes. Wed. A raven will not peck out a crow's eye.
  • Doesn't begin to die that quits his desires. He who no longer desires anything begins to die.
  • Cannot speak well that cannot hold his tongue. He who does not know how to be silent cannot speak well.
  • Does not carry fire in one hand and water in the other. He carries fire in one hand and water in the other. Wed. His right hand does not know what his left hand is doing.
  • Don't dance well to whom fortune pipes. The one who is played along (accompanied) by fate dances well. Wed. To whom happiness serves, he does not worry about anything.
  • Doesn't give twice who gives in a trice. He who gives quickly gives twice. Wed. He who helped quickly helped twice.
  • Don't go long barefoot that waits for dead man's shoes. He who waits for the shoes that will remain after the deceased walks barefoot for a long time. Wed. Don't rely on other people's wealth. Someone else's goods will not be used for future use. You won't get far on someone else's fat.
  • Not a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs. That good friend who speaks good things about us behind our backs. Wed. A good friend scolds you to your face, but praises you behind your back.
  • Not happy that thinks himself so. Happy is the one who believes that he is happy.
  • He is lifeless that is faultless. He who is impeccable is also inactive. Wed. He who does not make mistakes does nothing.
  • It is not fit to command others that cannot command himself. One who cannot control himself cannot control others. Wed. He who does not control himself will not teach anyone else to reason.
  • Not is not laughed at that laughs at himself first. They don't laugh at those who laugh at themselves first. Wed. There is no better joke than on yourself.
  • It is not poor that has little, but he that desires much. Poor is not the one who has little, but the one who desires a lot. Wed. It is not the one who has little who is poor, but the one who wants a lot. Contentment is the best wealth.
  • Don't jests at scars that never felt a wound. Those who have never been wounded laugh at scars. Wed. The tooth on someone else's cheek doesn't hurt. Someone else's grief doesn't hurt.
  • Doesn't know best what good is that has endured evil. He who has experienced evil knows best what good is. Wed. Without tasting the bitter, you won’t know the sweet.
  • Doesn't know how many beans make five. He knows how many beans are in five pieces (that is, he understands what's what). Wed. He won't drop an ax on his hands. He's on his own mind.
  • Doesn't know much who knows how to hold his tongue. Smart is the one who knows how to keep his mouth shut. Wed. A smart person does not throw words to the wind.
  • Don't laugh best who laugh last. Wed. He who laughs last laughs best.
  • Doesn't live long that lives well. He who lives well lives long. Wed. In a good life, curls curl.
  • Don't have to swim that is held up by the chin. You will float willy-nilly if you are supported by your chin. The point: with support, everything is easy. Wed. And the mosquito will knock down the horse if the wolf helps.
  • Shouldn't have a long spoon that sups with the devil. Whoever dines with the devil must stock up on a long spoon. Wed. You got involved with the devil, you blame yourself.
  • Doesn't smells best that smells of nothing. The one that smells best is the one that doesn’t smell like anything.
  • Not that comes first to the hill may sit where he will. Whoever comes to the hill first will sit where he wants. Wed. The one who took the stick first is the corporal.
  • Not that commits a fault thinks everyone speaks of it. To someone who does something, it seems that everyone is talking about it. Wed. The thief's hat is on fire.
  • Not that does you an i!i turn will never forgive you. Anyone who hurts you will never forgive you for it.
  • Not that fears every bush must never go a-birding. Anyone who is afraid of every bush should not go bird hunting. Wed. Don't go into the forest if you're afraid of the hare. If you're afraid of cod, don't go into the forest. If you're afraid of wolves, don't go into the forest.
  • Not that fears you present wiil hate you absent. Those who fear you in your presence will hate you in your absence. Wed. Whoever scolds someone behind his back is afraid of him.
  • Not that goes a borrowing, goes a sorrowing. He who goes to borrow money goes for grief. Wed. Those who love to borrow will not have enough. It is easy to take, but not easy to give.
  • Not that goes barefoot must not plant thorns. He who walks barefoot should not plant thorns.
  • Not that has a full purse never wanted a friend. He who has a full purse has plenty of friends. Wed. To whom happiness is friends, so are people.
  • Not that has a great nose thinks everyone is speaking of it. The one with the big nose thinks that's what everyone is talking about. Wed. The thief's hat is on fire.
  • Not that has an ill name is half hung. He who has a bad reputation is half executed.
  • Not that has no children knows not what love is. Anyone who doesn't have children doesn't know what love is.
  • Not that has by head needs no hat. Someone who doesn't have a head doesn't need a hat. What's the point of a hat if there's no head?
  • Not that has no money needs no purse. He who doesn't have money doesn't need a wallet.
  • Not that is born to be hung shall never be drowned. Wed. He who is destined to be hanged will not drown. Which have not be avoided.
  • He that is full of himself is very empty. Empty is he who is full of himself. Wed. He who loves himself very much is not loved by others.
  • Not that is ill to himself will be good to nobody. Wed. Someone who doesn't love himself won't be of any use to people.
  • Not that is warm thinks all so. The one who is warm thinks that everyone else is like that. Wed. The well-fed cannot understand the hungry.
  • Not that knows nothing doubts nothing. He who knows nothing doubts nothing.
  • Not that lies down with dogs must rise up with fleas. He who lies down with dogs will rise with fleas. Wed. Whoever you hang out with, that's how you'll gain.
  • Not that lives with cripples learns to limp. Anyone who lives with cripples will learn to limp. Wed. Whoever you hang out with, that's who you're like.
  • Not that mischief hatches, mischief catches. Whoever harbors evil in his heart receives evil. Wed. Don't dig a hole for someone else, you will fall into it yourself.
  • Not that never climbed never fell. Those who never climbed never fell. Wed. The one who does nothing makes no mistakes.
  • Not that once deceives is ever suspected. Anyone who deceives once is always suspected. Wed. Whoever deceives today will not be believed tomorrow. If you lie, you won’t die, but they won’t believe you ahead. Once you lie, you become a liar forever.
  • Not that promises too much means nothing. Those who promise too much actually promise nothing. Wed. Don't trust someone who is easy to promise.
  • Not that respects is not respected. Those who do not respect others are not respected.
  • Not that seeks trouble never misses. Those who look for a silver lining always find it. Wed. He who seeks evil finds evil.
  • Not that serves everyone is paid by nobody. He who serves everyone, no one pays him.
  • Not that serves God for money will serve the devil for better wages. He who serves God for money will also serve the devil if he pays more.
  • Not that spares the bad injures the good. He who spares the bad harms the good. Wed. To have mercy on a thief is to destroy a good one. Honor the good, do not spare the evil. From indulgence, thieves breed.
  • Not that talks much errs much. He who talks a lot makes a lot of mistakes. Wed. Talk less, sin less.
  • Not that talks much lies much. He who talks a lot lies a lot.
  • Not that will eat the kernel must crack the nut. Whoever wants to eat nuts must crack them. Wed. If you don't crack a nut, you won't even eat the kernel.
  • Not that will not when he may, when he will he shall have nay. He who does not want to when he can, will no longer be able to when he wants to.
  • Not that will steal an egg will steal an ox. Whoever steals the egg will also steal the bull.
  • Not that will thrive, must rise at five. Anyone who wants to succeed must get up early. Wed. If you get up early, you will work more.
  • Not that would eat the fruit must climb the tree. One who loves fruits must climb a tree to pick them. Wed. You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty. If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds. Without labor there is no fruit.
  • Not that would have eggs must endure the cackling of hens. Cp. Anyone who wants to have balls must endure cackling. If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds.
  • Not who is born a fool is never cured. If you are born a fool, you will not be cured of your stupidity. Wed. Leopard change his spots. Born a fool, you die a fool.
  • Not who hesitates is lost. He who hesitates perishes. Wed. Delay is like death.
  • Not who likes borrowing dislikes paying. He who likes to borrow does not like to give. Wed. When borrowing - a friend, when giving - an enemy. You give money with your hands, but you go after it with your feet.
  • Not who makes no mistakes, makes nothing. Wed. He who does not make mistakes does nothing.
  • Not who pleased everyone died before he was born. The one who pleased everyone died before he was born. Wed. You can't please everyone. You can't make a soft bed for the whole world.
  • Not who says what he likes, shall hear what he doesn't like. He who says everything he likes will hear something he doesn't like. Wed. He who says what he wants will hear what he doesn’t want.
  • Not who would catch fish must not mind getting wet. Anyone who wants to catch a fish should not be afraid of getting wet. Wed. To eat a fish, you have to get into the water. You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
  • Not who would eat the nut must first crack the shell. Anyone who wants to eat a nut must break the shell. Wed. If you don't crack a nut, you won't even eat the kernel.
  • Not who would search for pearls must dive below. Anyone who wants to look for pearls must dive. Wed. Anyone who wants to eat fish must get into the water.
  • Will never set the Thames on fire. He will never set fire to the Thames. Wed. He won't invent gunpowder. There are not enough stars in the sky.
  • Doesn't work best who knows his trade. The one who knows his business works best. Wed. The master's work is afraid.
  • Head cook and bottle-washer. And a chef and a dishwasher. Meaning: trusted servant, jack of all trades. Wed. And the Swede and the reaper, and the player of the pipe.
  • Health is not valued till sickness comes. Health is not valued until illness comes. Wed. He who does not know health is never sick.
  • His money burns a hole in his pocket. Money is burning a hole in his pocket. Wed. He has a hole in his pocket. He doesn't have money.
  • Honesty is the best policy. Honesty is the best policy.
  • Honey is not for the ass"s mouth. Honey is not for donkeys. Wed. He understands like a pig in oranges.
  • Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. Honey is sweet, but the bees sting. Wed. And I want it, and it injects me. The eye sees, but the tooth numbs.
  • Honor and profit lie not in one sack. Honesty and profit do not lie in the same bag (that is, they are not akin). Wed. You won't get rich by honest work. From the labors of the righteous one cannot make stone chambers.
  • Honors change manners. Social status changes people. Wed. I climbed into wealth and forgot my brotherhood.
  • Nora is a good breakfast, but a bad supper. Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad dinner (that is, when it does not come true at the end of life).
  • Nore is the poor man's bread. Hope is the poor man's bread.
  • Hunger breaks stone walls. Hunger destroys stone walls. Wed. Need will teach you everything. Need will teach you to eat rolls.
  • Hunger finds no fault with cookery. Hunger does not criticize the cooking. Wed. Hunger is the best cook.
  • Hunger is the best sauce. Hunger is the best seasoning. Wed. Hunger is the best cook.
  • Hungry bellies have no ears. Wed. A hungry belly has no ear.
  • Idle folks lack no excuses. Quirks always have excuses. Wed. The lazy Fedorka always has excuses. A quitter will always find a reason not to work. He walks for a day, is sick for two, and has a day off on the third.
  • Idleness is the mother of all evil. Idleness (idleness) is the mother of all vices.
  • Idleness rusts the mind. Wed. Idleness (idleness) dulls the mind. Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils him. Standing water turns sour.
  • If an ass (donkey) bray at you, don"t bray at him. Don't bray at a donkey like a donkey. Meaning: Don't mess with a fool. Wed. Get involved with a fool, you'll be a fool yourself.
  • If ifs and ans were pots and pans... If “if only” and “if only” were pots and pans... Wed. If wishes were horses beggars might ride.
  • If my aunt had been a man, she"d have been my uncle. If my aunt were a man, she would be my uncle. Wed. If grandmother were not a grandmother, she would be a grandfather. If only beans could grow in your mouth, there would be not a mouth, but a whole garden.
  • If the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch. If a blind man leads a blind man, both will fall into a ditch. Wed. A blind man leads a blind man, but neither of them can see. The blind are no guide to the blind.
  • If the sky falls, we shall catch larks. If the sky falls, we'll catch the larks. Wed. If only, if only.
  • If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun. If there were no clouds, we would not like the sun. Wed. The darker the night, the brighter the stars.
  • If things were to be done twice all would be wise. If everything could be done a second time, everyone would be wise. Wed. Everyone is strong with hindsight.
  • If we can"t as we would, we must do as we can. If we cannot do as we want, we must do as best we can.
  • If wishes were horses, beggars might ride. If wishes were horses, beggars could ride. Wed. If only a gray horse had a black mane, it would be a dun horse.
  • If you agree to carry the calf, they"ll make you carry the cow. If you agree to carry a calf, they will put a whole cow on you. Wed. Give free rein to your finger and they will bite your whole hand off.
  • If you cannot bite, never show your teeth. Don't bare your teeth if you can't bite. Wed. Don't meddle with wolves when the tail is thin.
  • If you cannot have the best, make the best of what you have. If you can't have anything better, make the best of what you have.
  • If you dance you must pay the fiddler. If you dance, then you have to pay the violinist. Wed. If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds.
  • If you laugh before breakfast you"ll cry before supper. If you laugh before breakfast, you'll cry before dinner. Wed. The little bird started singing early, as if the cat would eat it.
  • If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. Wed. If you chase two hares, you won't catch either.
  • If you sell the cow, you sell her milk too. If you sell a cow, you also sell its milk. Wed. After selling a cow, they don’t cry for milk. When they take off their heads, they don’t cry over their hair. What a horse is bought with is not removed from it.
  • If you throw enough mud, some of it will stick. If you throw mud at a person enough, something will stick. (Motto of slanderers). Wed. Slander is like coal: if it doesn’t burn, it gets dirty.
  • If you try to please all you will please none. If you try to please everyone, you will not please anyone. Wed. He pleases everyone, but he is unsuitable for anyone. You can't please the whole world. You can't make a soft bed for the whole world. You can't please everyone.
  • If you want a thing well done, do it yourself. If you want something done well, do it yourself. Wed. Your eye is a diamond.
  • Ill-gotten gains never prosper. Ill-gotten gains are not good for future use. Wed. Someone else's goods are of no use. Someone else's money is not good for future use: as it comes, so it goes.
  • Ill-gotten, ill-spent. Dashingly acquired - famously and lived. Wed. Someone else's goods are of no use.
  • In every beginning think of the end. When starting something, always think about the end (that is, if you take on a task, think it through to the end). Wed. Think about the end from the very beginning. When starting a business, think about the end. No wonder to start, no wonder to finish.
  • In for a penny, in for a pound. Made for a penny, needs to be made for a pound. (That is, if you take up a task and spend a penny on it, you will spend a pound if necessary.) Cf. I made the porridge, so don’t skimp on the oil. I picked up the tug, don’t say it’s not strong.
  • In the country of the blind one-eyed man is a king. In the land of the blind there is a one-eyed king. Wed. Between the blind curves is the first king. Without fish there is fish and cancer. On the birdless and crow nightingale.
  • In the end things will mend. Everything will work out eventually. Wed. If it grinds, there will be flour.
  • In the evening one may praise the day. The day can only be praised in the evening. Wed. Praise the day towards evening, and life is near death.
  • Iron hand (fist) in a velvet glove. An iron hand in a velvet glove. Wed. It lays down softly, but sleeps hard.
  • It is a good horse that never stumbles. A good horse is the one that never stumbles. Meaning: There is no horse that does not sometimes stumble. Wed. The horse has four legs, and he stumbles.
  • It is a long lane that has no turning. The road without turns is long. Meaning: It cannot be that there is no turning around in the end, i.e. failures cannot continue forever; and misfortunes come to an end. Wed. Not everything is bad weather, the red sun will shine through.
  • It is a poor mouse that has only one hole. A bad mouse is one that has only one loophole. Wed. A mouse that knows only one loophole is a bad thing.
  • It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest. A bad bird is one that soils its own nest. Wed. Wash dirty linen in public.
  • It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. A bad wind is one that brings no good to anyone. Wed. Every cloud has a silver lining. There is no silver lining.
  • It is a silly fish, that is caught twice with the same bait. A stupid fish is one that takes the same bait twice. Wed. The old fox doesn't let himself be caught twice.
  • It is easy to swim if another hoids up your chin (head). It's easy to swim if I support you! Meaning: ride on someone else's back. Wed. And the mosquito will knock down the horse if the wolf helps.
  • It is enough to make a cat laugh. This is enough to make the cat laugh. Wed. The chickens laugh. This will make the cat laugh too.
  • It is good fishing in troubled waters. It's easy to fish in murky water. Wed. Fishing in troubled waters.
  • It is never too late to learn. Wed. It's never too late to learn. There is no old age for learning. Live and learn.
  • It is no use crying over spilled milk. There is no use crying over spilled milk. Wed. Tears of sorrow will not help.
  • It is the first step that costs. The first step alone is worth the effort. Wed. The beginning is difficult. Small initiative, but expensive. An initiative is worth more than money.
  • It never rains but it pours. Troubles do not come as rain, but as torrential downpours. Wed. When trouble comes, open the gate. Trouble on top of trouble, misfortune drives you.
  • It"s as broad as it"s long. As wide as it is long. Wed. Either in the forehead or on the forehead. The same thing turns out to be the same.
  • It"s no use pumping a dry well. There is no use pumping water from an empty well. Wed. Carry water with a sieve. Milk the chickens.
  • It's one thing to flourish and another to fight. Swinging (a saber) and fighting are two different things. Wed. Don't be brave in front of a bear, but be brave in front of a bear. Brave after the battle, as he climbed onto the floor.
  • It takes all sorts to make a world. Human society consists of different people. Wed. There are all kinds of people.
  • Jackdaw in peacock's feathers. Jackdaw in peacock feathers. Wed. In borrowed plumes.
  • Jest with an ass and he will flap you in the face with his tail. If you joke with a donkey, he will hit you in the face with his tail. Meaning: It’s dangerous to joke with fools.
  • Judge not of men and things at first sight. Don't judge people and things at first sight.
  • Just as the twig is bent, the tree is inclined. Wherever the branch bends, the tree bends. Meaning: a person’s character is formed in childhood. Wed. Wherever the tree leaned, it fell.
  • Keep a thing seven years and you will find a use for it. Keep a thing for seven years, and you will find a use for it (that is, in the end, any thing can be useful). Wed. Any rag will come in handy at three years old.
  • Keep your mouth shut and your ears open. Keep your mouth shut and your ears open. Wed. Talk less, listen more.
  • Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. Keep your mouth shut. and keep your eyes open.
  • Last, but not least. Last but not least important. Wed. Last but not the last.
  • Laws catch flies, but let hornets go free. Laws catch flies and release hornets. Wed. The law is like a spider's web: a bumblebee will slip through, but a fly will get stuck. A thief worth $100 is hanged, a thief worth $500 is honored.
  • Learn to creep before you leap. Learn to crawl before you jump. Meaning: everything is achieved gradually. Wed. Not all at once
  • Learn to say before you sing. First learn to speak, and then you will sing. Meaning: everything is achieved gradually. Wed. ABCs. doesn’t know, but sits down to read. Not all at once.
  • Learn wisdom by the follies of others. Learn wisdom from the mistakes of others.
  • Least said, soonest mended. The less said, the sooner you will correct it. The point is: unnecessary talk only harms the business. Wed. To speak in good times, and in bad times to remain silent. Talk less, sin less.
  • Leaves without figs. Empty words; words that cannot be relied upon; empty promises.
  • Let bygones be bygones. What is past, let it remain past. Wed. What happened has passed and is overgrown with the past. Whoever remembers the old, look out.
  • Let every man praise the bridge he goes over. Let everyone praise the bridge they use. Wed. Don't muddy the water, it will happen. Don't spit in the well, you'll need some water to drink.
  • Let sleeping dogs lie. Don't wake sleeping dogs. Wed. Don't wake up the dashing one while the dashing one is sleeping.
  • Let well (enough) alone. Don't touch what's already good. Wed. They do not seek good from good. They do not seek bread from bread.
  • Liars need good memories. Liars need a good memory (so as not to give themselves away). Wed. A deceitful person must be remembered. God send the liar a good memory. Lie, but remember.
  • Lies have short legs. Lies have short legs. Wed. A lie won't get you far. Lying is not a problem: it will soon lead you astray. Lies walk on cockroach legs. Lies walk on rotten legs.
  • Life is but a span. Life is short.
  • Life is not a bed of roses. Life is not a bed of roses. Wed. Life is not a bed of flowers. Living life is not a field to cross.
  • Life is not all cakes and ale (beer and skittles). Life is not all pies and ale (beer and skittles) (that is, it is not all fun and entertainment). Wed. Living life is not crossing a field (not weaving bast shoes).
  • Like a cat on hot bricks. Like a cat on hot bricks. Wed. Sit as if on pins and needles.
  • Like a needle in a haystack. Like a needle in a haystack. Wed. A needle hits a haystack - it's a lost cause
  • Like begets like. Like begets like. Wed. Who is from whom, is in that. An apple tree produces an apple, a spruce tree produces a cone.
  • Like cures like. Like is cured by like. Wed. If you hurt yourself, then heal yourself. The wedge is knocked out by the wedge.
  • Like father, like son. Like the father, like the son. Wed. As is the father, so are the children. Like the father, like the son. Like the tree, like the wedge. The apple doesn't fall far from the tree.
  • Like draws to like. Like leads to like. Wed. The suit matches the suit. Looking for his own.
  • Like master, like man. As is the owner, so is the worker. Wed. As is the master, so is the servant. As is the owner, so are his dogs.
  • Like mother, like daughter. Like the mother, like the daughter. Wed. Like the womb, so are the babies. The apple doesn't fall far from the tree.
  • Like parents, like children. As are the parents, so are the children. Wed. Who is from whom, is in that.
  • Like priest, like people. As is the priest, so is the flock. Wed. As is the pop, so is the arrival. As Dema is, so is his home.
  • Like teacher, like pupil. As is the teacher, so is the student.
  • Little chips light great fires. Small chips cause big fires. Wed. Moscow burned down from a penny candle. A small spark will give birth to a great flame.
  • Little knowledge is a dangerous thing. Insufficient knowledge is a dangerous thing. Wed. A half-educated person is worse than an uneducated person. Any half-knowledge is worse than ignorance.
  • Little pigeons can carry great messages. A dove is small, but it can deliver an important message. Wed. Small, but smart.
  • Little pitchers have long ears. Small jugs have big ears. Meaning: Children love to hear things they are not supposed to.
  • Little strokes fell great oaks. Small blows fell big oaks. Wed. Drop by drop and the stone is chiseled.
  • Little thieves are hung, but great ones escape. Thieves are hanged, but big thieves go unpunished. Wed. Whatever thieves get away with, they beat the thieves for.
  • Little things amuse little minds. Little things occupy small minds. Wed. Small birds make small nests.
  • Live and learn. Live and learn. Wed. Live and learn.
  • Live and let live. Wed. Live and let others live.
  • Live not to eat, but eat to live. Live not to eat, but eat to live. Wed. Eating a lot is not a great honor.
  • Long absent, soon forgotten. When you are away for a long time, you are soon forgotten. Wed. Out of sight, out of mind.
  • Look before you leap. Look before you leap. Wed. If you don't know the ford, don't go into the water.
  • Look before you leap, but having leapt never look back. Look before you jump, but once you jump, don't look back. Wed. Before you start, think, but when you start, do.
  • Lookers-on see more than players. Spectators see more than players. Wed. It's always clearer from the outside.
  • Lord (God, Heaven) helps those (them) who help themselves. God helps those who help themselves. Wed. God is God, and don’t be bad yourself. Trust in God, and don’t make a mistake yourself. God protects those who are protected. Pray to God and row to the shore.
  • Lost time is never found again. Lost time can never be regained. Wed You can't turn back time. You won't catch up with yesterday.
  • Love cannot be forced. You can't force love. Wed. You won't be nice by force. Lawless Heart.
  • Love in a cottage. Love in a hut. Wed. With a sweetheart, heaven and in a hut. Love in a hut.
  • Love is blind, as well as hatred. Love, like hate, is blind. Wed. Love is blind. Love doesn't see anything. Love is blind
  • Love me, love my dog. Wed. If you love me, love my dog ​​too. Whoever is happy with the guest will feed him and the dog.
  • Love will creep where it may not go. Where there is no direct path, love will crawl its way. Meaning: there are no barriers to love. Wed. There is no law on love.
  • Make haste slowly. Hurry up slowly. Wed. The quieter you go, the further you'll get. Hurry without haste, and hesitate without laziness.
  • Make hay while the sun shines. Make hay while the sun shines. Wed. Strike while the iron is hot. Mow your hair while there is dew.
  • Make or mar. Either make it or ruin it. Wed. Sink or swim. Either a tuft of wool or a pitchfork to the side.
  • Man proposes but God disposes. Wed. Man proposes, but God disposes.
  • Many a fine dish has nothing on it. It happens that a good dish is empty. Wed. Appearances are deceiving. Don't look at the face, but look at the custom.
  • Many a good cow has a bad calf. Bad calves will be born from good cows. Wed. Every family has its black sheep.
  • Many a good father has but a bad son. Many good fathers have bad sons. Wed. Every family has its black sheep.
  • Many a little makes a mickle. From many small ones comes one big one. Wed. With the world on a thread - a naked shirt. One feather after another - and a feather will come out.
  • Many a true word is spoken in jest. The truth is often told in a humorous manner. Wed. Every joke has a bit of truth. There is often truth in jokes.
  • Many hands make light work. When there are many hands, the work gets done. Wed. Take it together, it won't be too heavy. Together - not burdensome, but apart - at least drop it.
  • Many men, many minds. How many people, so many minds (i.e. people's opinions are different). Wed. So many heads, so many minds.
  • Many words hurt more than swords. Many words hurt more than swords. Wed. A word hits like an arrow. Don't be afraid of the knife, but of the tongue. The razor scrapes, but the word cuts. The word is not a knife, but it leads to a knife.
  • Many words will not fill a bushel. Many words cannot fill a bushel. Wed. You can't make a fur coat out of thanks. You can't put a thank you in your pocket. You won't get enough of talking.
  • Marriages are made in heaven. Marriages are made in heaven (i.e., as destined to be). Wed. Death and wife are destined by God. Neither go around nor go around the betrothed.
  • Measure for measure. Measure for measure. Wed. An eye for an eye a tooth for a tooth.
  • Measure thrice and cut once. Measure three times, cut once. Wed. Seven times measure cut once.
  • Men may meet but mountains never. Man will meet man. and mountain with mountain - never. Wed. Mountains will not move from mountain to mountain, but man will meet with man.
  • Mend or end (end or mend). Either cure it or send it to the next world. (Either correct it or render it completely unusable.) Cf. Either the yard is full or it's out. Either a bunch of hay or a pitchfork to the side.
  • Might goes before right. Strength precedes truth. Meaning: whoever is strong is right. Wed. He who is strong is smart.
  • Misfortunes never come alone (singly). Troubles never come alone. Wed. Trouble has come, open the gate. Trouble does not come alone. Trouble after trouble continues. One grief follows on the heels of another. Trouble on top of trouble, misfortune drives you.
  • Misfortunes tell us what fortune is. Adversity tells us what happiness is. Wed. Without tasting grief, you will not know happiness. Without tasting (having tasted) the bitter, you will not recognize the sweet. If you don’t accept the sorrow, you won’t see the sweetness.
  • Money gets money. Wed. Money makes money. Money is pouring in. Money comes to money.
  • Money has no smell. Money doesn't smell.
  • Money is a good servant but a bad master. Money is a good servant, but a bad master. Meaning: a person should manage money, not money with a person. Wed. A smart person is the master of money, and a stingy person is a servant.
  • Money often unmakes the men who make it. Money often destroys those who make it.
  • Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain. Money spent on education is never wasted.
  • More haste, less speed. The greater the rush, the slower the speed. Wed. Soon, no doubt. The quieter you go, the further you'll get.
  • Much ado about nothing. Much ado about nothing. Wed. Nothing but a lot of noise.
  • Much will have more. There will be plenty more to come. Wed. Money makes money. Where there is a lot of water, there will be more; where there is a lot of money, more will come.
  • Muck and money go together. Abomination and money are always together. Meaning: wealth can only be acquired through dishonest means. Wed. In wealth the belly is full, the soul is hungry. The rich will not buy his conscience, but will destroy his own.
  • Murder will be out. The murder will be revealed. Wed. Murder will out.
  • My house is my castle. My home is my castle. (No one has the right to interfere in my home life). Wed. In my house I move it the way I want.
  • Name not a rope in his house that was hung. Wed. In a hanged man's house they don't talk about ropes.
  • Necessity is the mother of invention. Necessity is the mother of invention. Wed. Need will teach you everything. The need for invention is cunning.
  • Necessity knows no law. Wed. Need does not know the law, but walks through it. Need writes its own law. Need is stronger than the law.
  • Neck or nothing. Either I will achieve it, or I will break my neck. Wed. Sink or swim. Eh, it was not!
  • Need makes the old wife trot. Need will force the old woman to start trotting. Wed. Necessity will teach a blacksmith how to make boots. Need jumps, need dances, need sings songs.
  • Needs must when the devil drives. It has to be when the devil drives you (i.e., nothing can be done against necessity). Wed. Needs must when the devil drives. You can't break the butt with a whip.
  • Neither fish nor flesh. Wed. Neither fish nor fowl. Neither this nor that. She stayed away from the crows, but did not stick to the peahens. Not a candle to God, not a poker to the devil.
  • Neither here nor there. Neither here nor there. Wed. Neither to the village, nor to the city.
  • Neither rhyme nor reason. No rhyme, no meaning. Wed. Neither rhyme nor reason.
  • Never cackle till your egg is laid. Until the egg has laid, don't cackle. Meaning: Don't rejoice prematurely. Wed. Don't say hop until you jump over.
  • Never cast dirt into that fountain of which you have some time drunk. Never throw dirt into a spring from which you have ever drunk. Wed. Don't spit in the well, you'll need to drink the water. Don't muddy the water, you'll have to scoop it up.
  • Never do things by halves. Never do anything halfway. Wed. Finish what you start.
  • Never fry a fish till it"s caught. Don't fry uncaught fish. Wed. If you don't kill the bear, don't sell the skins. Do not share the skin of an unkilled bear.
  • Never offer to teach fish to swim. Never ask a fish to teach it to swim. Wed. Don't teach a fish to swim. Teach your grandmother to suck eggs. Teaching a scientist is the same as spoiling him.
  • Never put off till tomorrow what you can do (can be done) today. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today. Wed. Don’t put off today’s work until tomorrow. Don’t leave things for tomorrow, but leave bread. “Tomorrow, tomorrow, not today,” that’s what lazy people say.
  • Never quit certainty for hope. Never give up confidence for hope. Wed. Don't promise a pie in the sky, but give a bird in your hands.
  • Never too much of a good thing. Good things are never too much. Wed. You can't spoil porridge with oil.
  • Never try to prove what nobody doubts. Never try to prove something that no one doubts. Wed. Don't break into open gates. Don't push something downhill that's going downhill on its own.
  • Never write what you dare not sign. Never write anything you don't dare sign. Wed. What is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an axe.
  • New brooms sweep clean. Wed. The new broom sweeps cleanly.
  • New lords, new laws. New owners, new orders. Wed. The new broom sweeps cleanly.
  • Nightingales will not sing in a cage. Nightingales do not sing in a cage. Wed. The nightingale does not need a golden cage, but a green branch. A bird's freedom is more valuable than a golden cage. A nightingale's golden cage is no fun. A branch is more valuable to a bird than a golden cage.
  • No flying from fate. Wed. You can't escape fate.
  • No garden without its weeds. There is no garden without weeds. Meaning: everything has its drawbacks. Wed. There is no rose without thorns. There is no good without a silver lining. There are lees to every wine.
  • No great loss without some small gain. There is no big loss without at least a small gain. Wed. Every cloud has a silver lining.
  • No herb will cure love. No potion can cure love. Wed. Love is not a fire, but once it catches fire, you can’t put it out.
  • No joy without alloy. There is no joy without an admixture of something unpleasant. Wed. There is no good without a silver lining.
  • No living man all things can. No one person can do everything (i.e., it is impossible to be a jack of all trades).
  • No longer pipe, no longer dance. The music is over, and the dancing is over. Meaning: nothing to me, nothing from me. Refers to self-interested people who suddenly change their attitude towards those from whom they can no longer benefit. Wed. He outlived his need and forgot his friendship. Pies (tablecloth) from the table, friends from the yard.
  • No man is wise at all times. There is no person who always acts wisely. Wed. Simplicity is enough for every wise man. Madness can happen to the wise too. And big minds live on the blunder. There is no man without mistakes.
  • No man loves his fetters, be they made of gold. Nobody likes shackles, even if they are made of gold. Wed. A nightingale's golden cage is no fun. I'm not happy with the sick and golden bed.
  • No news (is) good news. No news is good news.
  • No pains, no gains. Without work there is no income. Wed. Without labor there is no fruit (good). You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
  • No song, no supper. If you don't sleep, you won't get dinner. Wed. If you want to eat rolls, don’t lie on the stove. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
  • No sweet without (some) sweat. To get sweets, you need to sweat. Wed. They don’t eat honey without difficulty. You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
  • No wisdom like silence. There is nothing smarter than silence. Wed. Silence is gold. Shut up, you'll pass for smart.
  • None but the brave deserve the fair. Only the brave deserve beauties.
  • None so blind as those who won't see. There is no one more blind than the one who does not want to see. Wed. Worse than any blind man who does not want to see.
  • None so deaf as those that won't hear. No one is so deaf as those who do not want to hear. Wed. Not the deaf who is deaf, but the one who does not want to hear. Worse than any deaf person is someone who doesn't want to hear.
  • Nothing comes out of the sack but what was in it. You can't get more out of it than what was in the bag. Meaning: do not demand more from a person than he can. Wed. Even a horse does not gallop beyond measure.
  • Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. For a heart filled with the desire to do something, nothing is impossible. Wed. If there was a hunt, there would be an opportunity.
  • Nothing must be done hastily but killing of fleas. You just need to hurry up and kill the fleas. Wed. Haste is only needed when catching fleas.
  • Nothing so bad, as not to be good for something. Nothing is so bad that it can't be useful for something. Wed. Every cloud has a silver lining. There is no silver lining.
  • Nothing succeeds like success. Nothing succeeds like success itself. Wed. Whoever follows it, the rooster will fly. Whoever is lucky, the rooster is flying.
  • Nothing venture, nothing have. Risking nothing means having nothing. Wed. If you don't take risks, you won't get it. To be afraid of wolves, don't walk through firewood. To be afraid of wolves is to have no firewood.
  • Oaks may fall when reeds stand the storm. The storm brings down the oaks, but the reeds can stand. Wed. Small, but smart.
  • Of two evils choose the least. Wed. Of two evils choose the less.
  • Old birds are not caught with chaff. You can't catch old birds with chaff. Wed. You can’t fool a shot (old) sparrow on chaff.
  • Old friends and old wine are best. There's nothing better than old friends and old wine. Wed. A thing is good when it is new, but a friend is good when it is old.
  • On Shank's mare. Wed. On our own for two. On number eleven.
  • Once bitten, twice shy. Once bitten, he is doubly timid. Wed. The frightened crow is afraid of the bush. If you burn yourself on milk, you will blow on water.
  • Once is no rule (custom). Wed. Once doesn't count.
  • One beats the bush, and another catches the bird. One picks up the game (literally hits the bushes), and the other catches it. The meaning: one works, and the other appropriates the fruits of his labor. Wed. My gold, and we ourselves howl with our voices.
  • One chick keeps a hen busy. And one chicken gives the hen a lot of trouble. Meaning: and one child takes away all the mother’s free time.
  • One drop of poison infects the whole tun of wine. One drop of poison contaminates the entire barrel of wine. Wed. One black sheep spoils the whole flock. A fly in the ointment will spoil the barrel of honey.
  • One fire drives out another. One fire is extinguished by another. (Fire is extinguished by fire). Wed. The wedge is knocked out by the wedge.
  • One good turn deserves another. One good service deserves another. Wed. One good turn deserves another. Debt good turn deserves another.
  • One law for the rich, and another for the poor. There is one law for the rich, and another for the poor. Wed. The law is what the drawbar is: where you turned, that’s where it went. The law is like a horse: wherever you want, you can turn there.
  • One lie makes many. One lie leads to another.
  • One link broken, the whole chain is broken. One link is broken - the whole chain is broken. Wed. The claw gets stuck - the whole bird is lost.
  • One man, no man. One person doesn't count. Wed. There is safety in numbers.
  • One man's meat is another man's poison. What is food for one is poison for another. Wed. What is useful to one is harmful to another.
  • One scabby sheep will mar a whole flock. Wed. One black sheep spoils the whole flock.
  • One swallow does not make a summer. One swallow does not make a summer. Wed. One swallow does not make spring.
  • One today is worth two tomorrow. One thing today is worth two tomorrow. Wed. One “today” is better than two “tomorrows”.
  • Open not your door when the devil knocks. Don't open the door when the devil knocks. Meaning: Don't give in to temptation.
  • Opinions differ. Opinions vary. Wed. So many people, so many opinions. So many heads, so many minds.
  • Opportunity makes the difference. The thief creates an opportunity. Wed. Don’t misplace it, don’t lead the thief into sin. The thief does not steal where there is a lot, but where it is bad.
  • Out of sight, out of mind. Out of sight, out of mind. Wed. Out of sight, out of mind.
  • Out of the frying-pan into the fire. Out of the frying pan and into the fire. Wed. Out of the frying pan into the fire. From bag to bag.
  • Packed like herrings. Wed. They were packed like sardines into a barrel.
  • Patience is a plaster for all sores. Patience is a band-aid for all wounds. Wed. Patience is the best salvation. Patience will gradually take its toll. You can overcome any task with patience.
  • Penny-wise and pound-foolish. Penny smart, pound stupid. (That is, he risks a lot for the sake of a little). Wed. We drink champagne and save on matches. Don’t be sorry for the altyn, otherwise you’ll give back half a dime.
  • Pleasure has a sting in its tail. Pleasure has a sting in its tail. Wed. The more you play, the more you'll hurt yourself.
  • Plenty is no plague. Abundance is not a problem. Wed. You can't spoil porridge with oil.
  • Politeness costs little (nothing), but yields much. Politeness is cheap and gives a lot. Wed. An affectionate word is not difficult, but quick.
  • Poverty is no sin. Poverty is not a sin. Wed. Poverty is not a vice.
  • Poverty is not a shame, but the being ashamed of it is. Poverty is not a shame, but being ashamed of it is shameful.
  • Practice what you preach. Practice what you preach in your life.
  • Praise is not pudding. Praise is not pudding. Wed. You can't make a fur coat out of praise. Thank you can't be beat.
  • Pride goes before a fall. Pride comes before a fall. Wed. The devil was proud and fell from the sky. He who flies too high falls low.
  • Procrastination is the thief of time. To put it off is to waste time. Wed. You won't get rid of trouble by procrastinating. Tomorrow has no end.
  • Promise is debt. A promise that is a duty. Wed. Having given your word, hold on.
  • Promise little, but do much. Promise little and deliver a lot.
  • Prosperity makes friends, and adversity tries them. Prosperity gathers friends around, and adversity tests their friendship. Wed. A friend is known in battle and in trouble. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
  • Put not your hand between the bark and the tree. Do not put your hand between the bark and the trunk. Meaning: do not interfere in other people's family affairs. Wed. Your own dogs squabble, don’t bother someone else’s. Don't stick your nose into other people's millet.
  • Rain at seven, fine at eleven. On Wednesday. Seven Fridays a week.
  • Rats desert a sinking ship. Rats abandon a sinking ship.
  • Repentance is good, but innocence is better. It is good to repent, but it is better not to sin.
  • Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you. Respect yourself if you want others to respect you. Wed. He who does not respect himself will not be respected by others.
  • Roll my log and I will roll yours. Roll my log, then I'll roll yours. Wed. One good turn deserves another.
  • Rome was not built in a day. Rome was not built in a day. Wed. Moscow was not built right away. Not everything is done suddenly.
  • Safe bind, safe find. If you tie it securely, you will find it securely. Wed. If you put it further away, you will take it closer.
  • Salt water and absence wash away love. Love disappears during a long voyage. Wed. Out of sight, out of mind.
  • Saying and doing are two things. Saying and doing are two different things. Wed. It is only said soon, but not done soon. What has been said has not been proven, it must be done. From word to deed - a grandmother's mile (a hundred stages).
  • Score twice before you cut once. Measure twice before cutting once. Wed. Seven times measure cut once.
  • Scornful dogs will eat dirty puddings. Disgusted dogs will have to eat mud pies. Wed. Take a lot of things apart and you won't see it.
  • Scratch my back and I"ll scratch yours. Scratch my back, then I'll scratch yours too. Wed. One good turn deserves another. The hand washes the hand.
  • Self done is soon done. Soon what is done with one's own hands is done.
  • Self done is well done. What is done well is what is done with one's own hands.
  • Self is a bad counselor. A person is a bad adviser to himself.
  • Self-praise is no recommendation. Self-praise is not a recommendation. Wed. Don't praise yourself, let people praise you.
  • Set a beggar on horseback and he"ll ride to the devil. Put a beggar on a horse, and he will go to the devil himself. Wed. Place the pig at the table, with its feet on the table.
  • Set a thief to catch a thief. Entrust the thief to catch the thief. (That is, a thief is more likely to catch a thief). Wed. A thief is destroyed by a thief.
  • Shallow streams make most din. The biggest noise is produced by small streams. Wed. Empty vessels make the greatest sound. Where the river is deeper, it makes less noise. Where the river is shallower, it makes more noise.
  • Short debts (accounts) make long friends. In short, duty means stronger friendship. Wed. More often the score means stronger friendship. The friendship score does not lose (does not spoil). The expense of friendship is not a hindrance.
  • Silence gives consent. Wed. Silent means consent.
  • Since Adam was a boy. From the time Adam was a child. (That is, from time immemorial.) Wed. Since the time of King Pea.
  • Sink or swim! Sink or swim! Wed. Sink or swim. Eh, it was not!
  • Six of one and half a dozen of the other. Six of one and half a dozen of the other. (That is, the same thing). Wed. Either in the forehead or on the forehead.
  • Slow and steady wins the race. Slow and steady, and victory is yours. Wed. The quieter you go, the further you'll get.
  • Slow but sure. Wed. Slowly and surely.
  • Small rain lays great dust. A light rain blows up the thick dust. Wed. Small, but smart. Small spool but precious.
  • So many countries, so many customs. There are so many countries, so many customs. Wed. As for the city, it is noisy, as for the village, it is custom. Every courtyard has its own custom. Every farmstead has its own belief.
  • So many men, so many minds. So many people, so many minds. Wed. How many heads - so many minds. Everyone interprets it differently.
  • Soft fire makes sweet malt. Low heat brews sweet malt. Meaning: with a kind word you will achieve a lot. Wed. An affectionate word is not difficult, but quick.
  • Something is rotten in the state of Denmark. Something is rotten in the Danish kingdom (i.e., something wrong is going on here). Wed. There's something wrong here.
  • Soon learned, soon forgotten. What has been learned hastily is quickly forgotten.
  • Soon ripe, soon rotten. What ripens quickly also spoils quickly.
  • Speak (talk) of the devil and he will appear (is sure to appear). Talk about the devil and he will appear (and he is right there). Wed. Easy to remember. We're talking about a wolf, and he's coming towards you.
  • Speech is silver but silence is gold. Wed. The word is silver, silence is gold.
  • Standers-by see more than gamesters. Spectators can see more than players. Wed. It's always clearer from the outside.
  • Still waters run deep. Still waters have deep currents. Wed. Still waters run deep.
  • Stolen pleasures are sweetest. Pleasures on the sly are the sweetest. Wed. The forbidden fruit is sweet, but man is wicked.
  • Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve will reach. Don't extend your hand further than your sleeve. Wed. Stretch your legs over your clothes. When you arrive, keep the expense.
  • Stretch your legs according to the coverlet. Stretch your legs along the length of the blanket. Wed. Stretch your legs over your clothes. Live not the way you want, but the way you can. When you arrive, keep the expense.
  • Strike while the iron is hot. Wed. Strike while the iron is hot.
  • Stuff today and starve tomorrow. Today there is a lot, but tomorrow the teeth are on the shelf. Wed. At once thick, at once empty.
  • Success is never blamed. Success is never judged. Wed. The winners are not judged.
  • Such carpenters, such chips. As are the carpenters, so are the chips. Wed. Apparently a master at work. As is the master, so is the work.
  • Sweep before your own door. Sweep in front of your door Wed. Don't point at your neighbor. Mind your own business.
  • Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves. Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves. Wed. A kopeck saves the ruble. Penny by penny is capital.
  • Take us as you find us. Accept us as we are (that is, with all our strengths and weaknesses). Wed. Love us little black, and everyone will love us little white (red).
  • Tarred with the same brush. Painted with the same brush. Wed. They are smeared with the same world. Made from the same dough. Hewn from the same block.
  • Tastes differ. Tastes differ. Wed. Tastes could not be discussed. Every man to his own taste.
  • Tell that to the marines. Tell that to the Marines. Wed. Tell this to your grandmother.
  • That cock won't fight. This rooster won't fight. Wed. This number won't work.
  • That which one least anticipates soonest comes to pass. What you least expect happens most often.
  • That's a horse of another color. This is a horse of a different color. Wed. This is a completely different matter. Now this is from another opera.
  • That's where the shoe pinches! This is where the shoe pinches (i.e., this is the rub). Wed. That's where the dog is buried.
  • The beggar may sing before the thief (before a footpad). A beggar can sing in the face of a thief. Wed. A naked man is not afraid of robbery. A naked man is not afraid of robbery. He who has nothing fears nothing.
  • The best fish smell when they are three days old. In three days, the best fish will begin to smell. Meaning: one should not abuse hospitality. Wed. Dear guest, that he is not staying long (sitting).
  • The best fish swim near the bottom. The best fish walks on the bottom. Meaning: What is good and valuable does not come easy. Wed. Good doesn't come cheap.
  • The best is oftentimes the enemy of the good. The best is often the enemy of the good. Wed. They do not seek good from good. There is no cure for health problems.
  • The busiest man finds the most leisure. The busiest person finds the most leisure. (That is, whoever works well has more pleasant leisure time.)
  • The camel going to seek horns lost his ears. The camel, who was about to find horns for himself, lost his own ears. Wed. If you chase someone else's, you will lose what is yours. Looking for someone else's, I lost my own.
  • The cap fits. The hat fits. Wed. The thief's hat is on fire. Not in the eyebrow, but in the eye.
  • The cask savors of the first fill. The barrel smells like what was in it for the first time. Meaning: improper upbringing in early childhood can be felt many years later.
  • The cat shuts its eyes when stealing cream. Stealing sour cream, the cat closes its eyes. Meaning: people tend to turn a blind eye to their sins.
  • The cat would eat fish and would not wet her paws. The cat would like to eat fish, but is afraid to get its paws wet. Wed. And I want it, and it injects me. I want to swallow it, but I’m too lazy to chew it.
  • The chain is no stronger than its weakest link. A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. (That is, the strength of a chain is determined by the strength of its weakest link.) Cf. Where it's thin, that's where it breaks.
  • The child is father of the man. The child is the father of the person. Wed. every bull was a calf.
  • The cobbler should stick to his last. The shoemaker should hold on to his last. Wed. Don't mind your own business. The trouble is if the shoemaker starts baking pies, and the blacksmith starts making boots.
  • The cobbler's wife is the worst shod. The shoemaker's wife has the worst shoes of all. Wed. The shoemaker goes without boots.
  • The darkest hour is that before the dawn. The darkest time of the day is before dawn. (That is, the worst sometimes turns out to be a prelude to improvement.)
  • The darkest place is under the candlestick. The darkest place is under the candle. Wed. Smart, smart, but he doesn’t see what’s under his nose. They were looking for a mosquito seven miles away, but the mosquito was on their nose.
  • The devil is not so black as he is painted. Wed. The devil is not as scary as he is painted.
  • The devil knows many things because he is old. The devil knows a lot because he is old. Wed. The old wolf knows a lot.
  • The devil lurks behind the cross. Satan is hiding behind the crucifix. Wed. There are devils around saints. The priest teaches people, but he himself sins.
  • The devil rebooking sin. The devil who condemns sin. Wed. Whose cow would moo, and yours would be silent.
  • The dogs bark, but the caravan goes on. The dogs bark, but the caravan moves on. Wed. The dog barks - the wind blows. The dog barks at the elephant.
  • The Dutch have taken Holland! The Dutch have conquered Holland! Wed. America was discovered!
  • The early bird catches the worm. The early bird catches the worm. Wed. Whichever bird woke up first, found the food sooner. The early bird cleans the sock, and the late bird cleans the eyes. Good luck awaits those who get up early. Whoever gets up early, God gives him. He who gets up late does not have enough bread.
  • The end crowns the work. End crowns the work. Wed. The end is the crown of the matter.
  • The end justifies the means. Wed. End justifies the means.
  • The evils we bring on ourselves are hardest to bear. The misfortunes we bring upon ourselves are the heaviest of all.
  • The exception proves the rule. Wed. Exception proves the rule.
  • The face is the index of the mind. Wed. Eyes (face) are the mirror of the soul.
  • The falling out of lovers is the renewing of love. Wed. The dear ones scold, they only amuse themselves.
  • The fat is in the fire. The fat is already on fire (i.e. the job has already been done and nothing can be done to help). Wed. You can't undo what's done. I caught myself when I rolled off.
  • The first blow is half the battle. The first blow is half the battle. Wed. An initiative is worth more than money. Down and Out trouble started. A good start - half the battle is pumped out.
  • The furthest way about is the nearest way home. The longest detour is the closest way home. Wed. The quieter you go, the further you'll get.
  • The game is not worth the candle. Wed. It is not worth it. The game is not worth the candle.
  • The heart that once truly loves never forgets. A heart that once truly loves never forgets. Wed. Old love never rusts.
  • The higher the ape goes, the more he shows his tail. The higher the monkey climbs, the more visible its tail is. Meaning: the higher a person’s social position, the more visible his shortcomings.
  • The last drop makes the cup run over. Wed. The last drop fills the cup.
  • The last straw breaks the camel's back. The last straw breaks the camel's back. Wed. The last drop fills the cup.
  • The leopard cannot change its spots. A leopard cannot change its color (that is, it cannot change its nature). Wed. The wolf sheds every year, but everything is gray (but the custom does not change). No matter how much you feed the wolf, he keeps looking into the forest. Leopard change his spots.
  • The longest day has an end. No matter how long the day is, it has an end. Wed. No matter how much you twist the rope, there will be an end. Wed. What had a beginning will also have an end.
  • The mill cannot grind with the water that is past. The mill cannot grind on flowing water. Wed. What happened has passed away. What has passed cannot be undone.
  • The moon does not heed the barking of dogs. Luna doesn't pay attention to the barking dogs. Wed. The dog barks, the wind blows. The dog barked all night for a month, but the month didn’t know it. The dog is free to bark at the sky.
  • The more haste, the less speed. The greater the rush, the slower the speed. Wed. The quieter you go, the further you'll get. If you're in a hurry, you'll make people laugh.
  • The more the merrier. The more the merrier. Wed. In crowded but not mad.
  • The morning sun never lasts a day. There is never morning sun all day long. Wed. Nothing is eternal under the Moon.
  • The mountain has brought forth a mouse. The mountain gave birth to a mouse. Wed. The mountain was in labor, but a mouse gave birth. There is a lot of noise about trifles.
  • The nearer the bone, the sweeter the flesh. Closer to the bone, the meat is sweeter. Wed. Leftovers are sweet.
  • The pitcher goes often to the well but is broken at last. Wed. The jug got into the habit of walking on water, and then his head was broken.
  • The pot calls the kettle black. The pot calls the pot black (even though it itself is no whiter). Wed. The pot laughs over the cauldron, and both are black. Don't laugh, peas are no better than beans. Don't laugh, kvass is no better than us. Whose cow would moo, and yours would be silent.
  • The proof of the pudding is in the eating. To find out what the pudding is like, you need to taste it (that is, everything is tested by practice). Wed. Dinner is known by the food, and intelligence by listening.
  • The receiver is as bad as the thief. A buyer of stolen goods is the same as a thief. Wed. Indulging a thief is the same as stealing. What to steal yourself, what to hold a stepladder for a thief.
  • The remedy is worse than the disease. Wed. The cure is worse than the disease. Medicine does not heal, but cripples.
  • The rotten apple injures its neighbors. A rotten apple spoils the neighbors. Wed. One spoiled apple causes the whole cart to rot. Rotten apple injures its neighbors.
  • The scalded dog fears cold water. The scalded dog is afraid of cold water. Wed. If you burn yourself on milk, you will blow on water.
  • The tailor makes the man. A man is created by a tailor. Wed. Tailor makes the man. Dress up a stump, and the stump will be good.
  • The tongue of idle persons is never idle. Idlers always work with their tongues.
  • The voice of one man is the voice of no one. One person's vote doesn't count. Wed. There is safety in numbers. One goose will not trample the field.
  • The way (the road) to hell is paved with good intentions. The road to hell is paved with good intentions.
  • The wind cannot be caught in a net. You can't catch the wind with a net. Wed. You can't catch the wind in your mitten. You can't keep up with the wind in the field. You can't catch the sun with a bag.
  • The work shows the workman. Wed. You can see the master from the work.
  • There are leaves to every wine. Every wine has sediment. Wed. And there are spots in the sun.
  • There are more ways to the wood than one. There is more than one road leading into the forest. Wed. The light is not a wedge.
  • There is a place for everything, and everything in its place. Everything has its place and everything is (well) in its place. Wed. Everything has its place.
  • There is more than one way to kill a cat. There is more than one way to kill a cat. Wed. The light is not a wedge.
  • There is no fire without smoke. There is no fire without smoke. Wed. Every medal has two sides.
  • There is by place like home. Your home is the best place. Wed. Being a guest is good, but being at home is better. Even if you're swimming up to your ears, you'll still be at home.
  • There is no rose without a thorn. Wed. There is no rose without thorns.
  • There is no rule without an exception. Wed. There is no rule without exception.
  • There is no smoke without fire. Wed. There is no smoke without fire. Without wind, the reeds do not sway. Without a cloud there is no rain.
  • There"s many a slip"tween (== between) the cup and the lip. A lot can happen in the time it takes to raise the cup to your lips. Wed. Grandma said this in two. Don't think ahead.
  • There's no use crying over spilled milk. There is no use in shedding tears over spilled milk. Wed. Tears of sorrow will not help.
  • They are hand and glove. They are inseparable, like a hand and a glove. Wed. The devil himself tied them with a string. You can't spill them with water.
  • They must hunger in winter that will not work in summer. Those who do not want to work in the summer will starve in the winter. Wed. Laziness leads to poverty. He who is lazy with his plow will have a bad year all year.
  • Things past cannot be remembered. Wed. You can't undo the past. What has been lived, what has been spilled, cannot be turned back.
  • Think today and speak tomorrow. Think today and say tomorrow. Wed. Think first, and then tell us.
  • Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones. People living in a glass house should not throw stones. Wed. Don’t point your finger at someone else’s yard, or they’ll point at yours with a pitchfork. Don't judge others, look at yourself.
  • Time and tide wait for no man. Time waits for no one.
  • Time cures all things. Time heals everything. Wed. Time is the best healer. Time will pass and the tears will be wiped away.
  • Time is money. Wed. Time is money. Time gives money, but money can’t buy time. The century is long, but the hour is expensive. It's time and time is more valuable than gold.
  • Time is the great healer. Time is a great healer. Wed. Time is the best healer.
  • Time works wonders. Time works wonders.
  • Then add fuel (oil) to the fire (flames). Add fuel (oil) to the fire. Wed. Add fuel to the fire. Fill the fire with oil - just add fire.
  • That angle with a silver hook. Meaning: act by bribery. Wed. Fish with a silver (gold) hook. A golden hammer will forge iron gates. Money opens all doors.
  • Then be born with a silver spoon in one's mouth. To be born with a silver spoon in your mouth. Wed. To be born in a shirt (shirt).
  • Then be head over ears in debt. Wed. Being deeply in debt. In debt, like a worm in silk. In debt, which is in the burrs.
  • That be in one's birthday suit. Be in the suit you were born in. Wed. Dressed as Adam. In the buff.
  • That will be up to the ears in love. Wed. To be head over heels in love.
  • That be wise behind the hand. Wed. Strong in hindsight.
  • To beat about the bush. Walk around the bush. Meaning: to stand on ceremony, to create antimonies. Wed. To beat around the bush. Speak indirectly.
  • Then beat the air. Thrash the air. Wed. Pound water in a mortar. Pour from empty to empty. Talk into the wind. Throw peas against the wall.
  • That bring grist to somebody's mill. To carry grain to someone's mill. Wed. To be grist for someone's mill.
  • Then build a fire under oneself. Light a fire under you. Wed. Dig a hole for yourself. Trim the branch you are sitting on.
  • Then buy a pig in a poke. Buy a pig in a bag. Wed. Buy a pig in a poke.
  • Then call a spade a spade. Call a shovel a spade. Wed. Call a spade a spade.
  • Then call off the dogs. Call back the dogs. Meaning: change the unpleasant topic of conversation. Wed. Change the record. Turn the record over.
  • Then carry coals to Newcastle. Transport coal to Newcastle. Wed. Travel to Tula with your own samovar. Carry firewood to the forest.
  • Then cast pearls before swine. Cast pearls before swine.
  • That cast prudence to the winds. Throw away all prudence. Wed. Go all out.
  • Then come away none the wiser. Leave without knowing anything (without understanding). Wed. Leave unsalted.
  • That comes off cheap. Wed. Get off cheap.
  • That comes off with a whole skin. Come out with your skin intact. Wed. Get off your feet.
  • Then come off with flying colors. Leave (the battlefield) with banners flying. (That is, to achieve a decisive victory or success.)
  • That came out dry. Wed. Come out dry from water.
  • That comes out with clean hands. Leave (something) with clean hands. Wed. Get out without getting your hands dirty.
  • Then cook a hare before catching him. Roast the hare before he is caught. Wed. Share the skin of an unkilled bear.
  • Then cry with one eye and laugh with the other. Cry with one eye and laugh with the other. (That is, to be two-faced.) Cf. Saying one thing, but thinking (doing) another. She cries with her eyes, but laughs with her heart. He speaks to the right, but looks to the left.
  • To cut one's throat with a feather. Cut someone's throat with a feather. Wed. Drown in a spoon of water.
  • Then draw (pull) in one's horns. Retract the horns (about the snail). Wed. Beat a retreat. Back down.
  • Then drop a bucket into an empty well. Throwing a bucket into an empty well. Wed. Flog a dead horse. Pound water in a mortar.
  • Then draw water in a sieve. Scoop out water with a sieve. Wed. Flog a dead horse.
  • Then eat the calf in the cow's belly. There is a calf that has not yet been born. Wed. Share the skin of an unkilled bear.
  • That err is human. Humans tend to make mistakes. Wed. There is no fire without smoke, there is no man without mistakes.
  • That fiddle while Rome is burning. Play the violin while Rome burns. Wed. Feast during the plague.
  • Then fight with one's own shadow. Fight your own shadow. (That is, with an imaginary obstacle). Wed. Fight windmills.
  • Then find a mare's nest. Find the mare's nest. Wed. Point your finger at the sky.
  • That's fish in troubled waters. Wed. Fish in troubled waters.
  • It fits like a glove. Fit like a glove. Wed. Just like Senka’s hat.
  • Then flog a dead horse. Whipping a dead horse (i.e., doing something clearly useless). Wed. Shearing a naked sheep. Treat the dead.
  • That gets out of bed on the wrong side. Get out of bed on the wrong side. Wed. Stand on your left foot.
  • Then give a lark to catch a kite. Give up the lark to catch the kite. Wed. Exchange the cuckoo for a hawk.
  • Then go for wool and come home shorn. Go for wool and come back shorn. (That is, you don’t gain anything, but lose yours).
  • That goes through fire and water (through thick and thin). Go through fire and water (and copper pipes).
  • To have a finger in the pie. Have your finger in the pie. (That is, to be involved in something.) Cf. Stigma in fluff.
  • That is rats in the attic. Have rats in the attic. Wed. There are not enough screws. Not everyone is at home.
  • Then hit the nail on the head. Tap the nail on the head. Wed. Get to the point. Hit it not in the eyebrow, but in the eye.
  • Then kick against the pricks. Kicking thorns. Meaning: resist to your own detriment. Wed. Get into trouble.
  • Then kill two birds with one stone. Kill two birds with one stone. Wed. Kill two birds with one stone (punch).
  • That know everything is to know nothing. To know everything means to know nothing.
  • That is to know on which side one's bread is buttered. Know which side your bread is buttered on. Wed. Know what's what. Know the taste in radish. Know which direction the wind is blowing.
  • That's know what's what. Wed. Know what and how. Know what's what.
  • That lay by for a rainy day. Save for a rainy day. Wed. Set aside for a rainy day.
  • That's live from hand to mouth. Live by the principle of hand and mouth (i.e., what you earn, you eat). Wed. Live from fist to mouth. Live from hand to mouth. Barely making ends meet.
  • Then lock the stable-door after the horse is stolen. Locking the stable door after the horse has already been stolen. Wed. After a fight they don’t wave their fists. After the fire and for water.
  • Then look for a needle in a haystack. Wed. Looking for a needle in a haystack.
  • That love somebody (something) as the devil loves holy water. Love like the devil loves holy water. Wed. To love like a dog loves a stick.
  • Then make a mountain out of a molehill. Making a mountain out of a molehill. Wed. To make mountains out of molehills. Making a camel out of a flea.
  • Then make both ends meet. Wed. Make ends meet.
  • Then make the cup run over. Fill the bowl over the top. Wed. Pull the string. Go too far.
  • To make (to turn) the air blue. Wed. Swear at all costs.
  • To measure another man"s foot by one"s own last. Trying someone else's foot on your own last. Wed. Measure to your own yardstick.
  • Then measure other people's corn by one's own bushel. Measuring someone else's grain with your own bushel. Wed. Measure to your own yardstick.
  • Then pay one back in one's own coin. Wed. Pay someone with their own coin.
  • Then plow the sand. Plow sand. Wed. Pound water in a mortar.
  • Then pour water into a sieve. Pour water into the sieve. Wed. Throw peas against the wall. Pound water in a mortar. Carry water in a sieve.
  • Then pull the chestnuts out of the fire for somebody. To carry (for someone) chestnuts out of the fire. Wed. To rake in the heat with someone else's hands.
  • Then pull the devil by the tail. Pull the devil by the tail. Meaning: to be in straitened circumstances, in a difficult situation. Wed. Fight like a fish on ice.
  • Then put a spoke in somebody's wheel. Wed. Put a spoke in wheel.
  • Then put off till Doomsday. Postpone until the Day of Judgment (i.e. forever). Wed. Postpone until the second coming.
  • Then put (set) the cart before the horse. Place the cart in front of the horse. Meaning: to do things topsy-turvy. Wed. Starting at the wrong end. Place the collar on the tail. Start building a house from the roof. Plant the tree with its roots facing up.
  • Then rob one's belly to cover one's back. Rob your belly to cover your back. Wed. Trishkin caftan.
  • Then roll in money. Roll around in money. Wed. Swimming in money. Chickens don't eat money.
  • Then run with the hare and hunt with the hounds. To run away with the hare and at the same time chase him with the hounds (i.e., play a double game). Wed. Both ours and yours - we will all dance. Dance at two weddings.
  • Then save one's bacon. Wed. Save your skin. Get off your feet.
  • Then send (carry) owls to Athens. Send owls to Athens. Wed. Carrying firewood to the forest. Add more water to the sea. Travel to Tula with your own samovar.
  • Then set the wolf to keep the sheep. Put a wolf to guard the sheep. Wed. Let the goat into the garden. A wolf is not a shepherd, a pig is not a gardener. It's bad for the sheep, where the wolf is among the shepherds.
  • Then stick to somebody like a leech. Stick to someone like a leech. Wed. Stick like a bur.
  • That strain at a gnat and swallow a camel. Strain out a mosquito and swallow a camel. Meaning: when not paying attention to the important, pay attention to insignificant things. Wed. You can't see the forest for the trees.
  • Then take counsel of one's pillow. Consult your pillow. Wed. The morning is wiser than the evening.
  • Then take the bull by the horns. Wed. Take the bull by the horns.
  • Then teach the dog to bark. Teach your dog to bark (i.e., to break into an open gate). Wed. To teach a scientist is only to spoil him. They don't teach fish to swim. Don't teach a pike to swim, the pike knows its science.
  • That tells tales out of school. Talking outside the school walls. Wed. Wash dirty linen in public.
  • Then throw a stone in one's own garden. Throw a stone into your own garden. Wed. Put yourself in harm's way.
  • Then throw dust in somebody's eyes. Wed. Throw dust in someone's eyes. Rub glasses.
  • Then throw straws against the wind. Throw straw against the wind. Wed. Disperse the fog with a fan.
  • Then treat somebody with a dose of his own medicine. Give someone a portion of their own medicine. Meaning: to beat someone with his own weapon. Wed. He who lifts the sword will die from the sword.
  • Then use a steam-hammer to crack nuts. Use a steam hammer to crack the nuts. Wed. Shoot sparrows from cannons.
  • Then wash one's dirty linen in public. Wash your dirty laundry in public. Wed. Wash dirty linen in public.
  • Then wear one's heart upon one's sleeve. Wear your heart on your sleeve. Wed. The soul is wide open.
  • That's a weep over an onion. Shedding tears over the bow. Meaning: to shed hypocritical tears. Wed. Shedding crocodile tears.
  • Then work with the left hand. Work with your left hand. Wed. Work carelessly. Treat the matter carelessly.
  • Tomorrow comes never.“Tomorrow” never comes. Wed. Don't feed it breakfast, make it today. Tomorrow has no end. You won't be satisfied with breakfast.
  • Too many cooks spoil the broth. Too many cooks spoil the stew. Wed. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
  • Too much knowledge makes the head bald. Excessive knowledge makes your head go bald. Wed. If you know a lot, you will soon grow old.
  • Too much of a good thing is good for nothing. Too much of a good thing is no good. Wed. A little bit of good stuff. If you take a closer look, the cute one is more sickening than the hateful one.
  • Too much water drowned the miller. The miller drowned in excess water. Wed. A little bit of good stuff. Everything is good in moderation.
  • Too swift arrives as tardy as too slow. One who is too hasty is just as late as one who is too slow.
  • True blue will never stain. True blue color can never be tarnished. Meaning: nobility always remains nobility. Wed. Roadside dust does not smoke the sky.
  • True coral needs no painter"s brush. Real coral does not need an artist's brush. Wed. Good wine needs no ivy bush.
  • Truth comes out of the mouths of babes and sucklings. Wed. The truth speaks through the mouth of a baby. Stupid and small people always tell the truth.
  • Truth is stranger than fiction. Sometimes truth is stranger than fiction.
  • Truth lies at the bottom of a well. The truth lies at the bottom of the well. Wed. Look for the wind in the field, and the truth at the bottom of the sea.
  • Two blacks do not make a white. Repaying evil for evil does not do good. Wed. You can't correct evil with evil.
  • Two heads are better than one. Two heads are better than one. Wed. One head it's good, but two better. A mind is good, but two are better.
  • Two is company, but three is none. Wed. Where there are two, there is a third one.
  • Velvet paws hide sharp claws. The velvet paws hide sharp claws. Wed. The fur is smooth, but the claw is sharp. A fox's tail and a wolf's mouth. Sweet in the mouth, but bitter in the mouth. It looks smooth, but is not sweet to the tooth.
  • Virtue is its own reward. Virtue is its own reward.
  • Wait for the cat to jump. Wait until the cat jumps. Meaning: wait until it becomes clear which way the wind will blow. Wed. Let's see which way the wind blows. Keep your nose to the wind.
  • Walls have ears. Wed. And the walls have ears. The forest sees and the field hears.
  • Wash your dirty linen at home. Wash your dirty laundry at home. Wed. Don't wash your dirty laundry in public.
  • Waste not, want not. Don't waste it and you won't need it. Wed. Extravagance will not lead to good things. He who does not know the value of money cannot avoid need.
  • We know not what is good until we have lost it. A person does not appreciate good things until they lose them. Wed. You will know the value of something when you lose it. What we have, we don’t keep; when we lose it, we cry.
  • We never know the value of water till the well is dry. We never know how valuable water is until the well dries up. Wed. You will know the value of something when you lose it. What we have, we don’t keep; when we lose it, we cry.
  • We shall see what we shall see. We will see this later; That's another way to say it. Wed. Grandma said this in two. Grandmother was wondering and said in two. Don't think ahead.
  • We soon believe what we desire. We willingly believe what we want.
  • Wealth is nothing without health. Wealth is nothing without health. Wed. Not happy with the sick and golden bed. Health is more important than money. Health is the first wealth. Health is more valuable than any wealth.
  • Well begun is half done. Well started is half done. Wed. A good start is half the battle.
  • What can't be cured, must be endured. What cannot be healed must be endured. The meaning: you have to put up with what cannot be corrected.
  • What is bred in the bone will not go out of the flesh. What is in the bones is also in the flesh. Wed. Leopard change his spots.
  • What is done by night appears by day. What is done at night becomes visible during the day. Meaning: everything secret becomes clear. Wed. Murder will out.
  • What is done cannot be done. What is done cannot be undone. Wed. You can't undo what's done.
  • What is got over the devil's back is spent under his belly. What is acquired on the devil's back is lived under his belly. Wed. It came in one fell swoop, gone in vain. As it is acquired, so it is lived.
  • What is lost is lost. What is lost is lost. Wed. What to grieve about, what not to turn back.
  • What is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander. What sauce is for the goose, so is sauce for the gander. (That is, what is good for one is good for others.)
  • What is worth doing at alt is worth doing well. If you're going to do it, do it well.
  • What must be, must be. Wed. Which have not be avoided.
  • What the heart thinks the tongue speaks. What is on the soul is on the tongue. Wed. Whoever is in pain talks about it.
  • What we do willingly is easy. What we do willingly comes easy. Wed. If there was a hunt, any job would work out.
  • When angry, count a hundred. When you get angry, count to one hundred.
  • When at Rome, do as the Romans do. When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do. Wed. Whatever nation you live in, adhere to that custom. Whatever nation you live in, pray to those gods. With crows, sound like crows and caw. They don’t go to someone else’s monastery with their own rules.
  • When children stand quiet, they have done some harm. If the children are quiet, it means they have done something.
  • When flatterers meet, the devil goes to dinner. When flatterers meet, Satan goes to dinner (that is, he has nothing to do).
  • When guns speak it is too late to argue. When the guns start talking, it's too late to argue.
  • When pigs fly. When the pigs fly. Wed. When the cancer whistles. After the rain on Thursday.
  • When Queen Anne was alive. Under Queen Anne. Wed. Under Tsar Gorokh. On time it is.
  • When the cat is away, the mice will play. When the cat is not around, the mice frolic. Wed. Without a cat, mice have freedom.
  • When the devil is blind. When the devil goes blind (that is, never). Wed. When the cancer on the mountain whistles. After the rain on Thursday.
  • When the fox preaches, take care of your geese. When the fox talks about morality, take care of the geese. Wed. Shedding crocodile tears. Beware of the crocodile when he sheds tears.
  • When the pinch comes, you remember the old shoe. When the new shoe starts to feel tight, you remember the old shoe. Wed. What we have, we don’t keep; when we lose it, we cry.
  • When wine is in wit is out. When the wine is in the body, the mind is out of it. Wed. Wine does not go with reason: the hops make noise, but the mind is silent.
  • Where there"s a will, there"s a way. Where there is a will, there is a way. Wed. Where there is will, there is ability. If there was a hunt, any job would work out.
  • While the grass grows the horse stars. While the grass is growing, the horse is dying of hunger. Meaning: You get tired of waiting all the time. Wed. By the time the sun rises, the dew will eat away your eyes.
  • While there is life there is hope. While a person is alive, he hopes. Wed. While I breathe I hope.
  • Who breaks, pays. Whoever breaks it pays. Wed. You made the porridge yourself, so you can sort it out yourself.
  • Who has never tasted bitter, knows not what is sweet. Anyone who has never tasted bitter does not know what sweet is. Wed. Without tasting the bitter, you will not know the sweet. Without accepting bitterness, you will not recognize sweetness.
  • Who keeps company with the wolf, will learn to howl. He who hangs out with wolves will learn to howl. Wed. Whoever you hang out with, that's how you'll gain. Whoever you hang out with, that's who you're like.
  • Wise after the event. Smart after the case. Wed. Wise after the event. I figured out how I lost.
  • With time and patience the leaf of the mulberry becomes satin. Over time and with patience, the mulberry leaf will become satin. Wed. Patience and work will grind everything down.
  • Words may pass, but blows fall heavy. Hard words break no bones. Call it a slide, just don’t put it in the oven
  • Words pay no debts. You can't pay debts with words. (That is, words alone are of little use.) Cf. You can't make a fur coat out of thanks. A debt is a reward, but a loan is a reward.
  • You can take a horse to the water but you cannot make him drink. You can take a horse to water, but you cannot force it to drink. Wed. You can't take everything by force.
  • You cannot eat your cake and have it. You can't eat pie and have it at the same time. The meaning: you cannot do two things that are mutually exclusive. Wed. You can't eat the same pie twice.
  • You cannot fly the same ox twice. Wed. They don’t take two skins from one ox.
  • You cannot judge a tree by its bark. You cannot judge a tree by its bark. Meaning: Appearances are deceiving. Wed. You can't tell the couple by the smoke above the bathhouse. White, but not silver.
  • You cannot teach old dogs new tricks. You can't teach old dogs new tricks. Wed. Young people will go crazy, but old people will not change. You can't train an old dog to a chain. To teach the old that the dead can be healed.
  • You cannot wash charcoal white. You can't wash coal white. Wed. You can't wash a black dog white. To teach a fool to carry water in a sieve. You can't wash away a black soul with soap. Leopard change his spots.
  • You made your bed, now lie in it. You made the bed yourself, now lie down. Wed. You made the porridge yourself, so you can sort it out yourself.
  • Zeal without knowledge is a runaway horse. Zeal without knowledge is like a horse between its teeth. Wed. Zeal beyond reason brings harm. Zeal without learning is not a benefit, but a disaster.

Hi all! Proverbs are the oldest genre of folklore. Every people has them, even the most ancient ones - the Romans, Greeks, Egyptians. They contain the wisdom of ancestors, practical philosophy, rules of life and morality, and historical memory. Russian proverbs and their English equivalents reflect the experience of the Slavic and English peoples, respectively, in various areas of life. Proverbs

Due to their emotionality and imagery, proverbs are very often used in various types of conversations and texts in English. At the same time, when translating English proverbs found in authentic texts into Russian, difficulties often arise, since their meaning is not always clear to us, and bilingual dictionaries do not often provide their interpretation. How to overcome translation difficulties?

For example, the proverb “ and fool and his money are soon parted » is not understandable to Russian speakers. Even after learning her translation " a fool and his money are often divided “its meaning and cases of use remain a mystery to us. And it means something like this: a foolish person who spends money thoughtlessly or too quickly. Then everything falls into place. But it is better to find equivalents in both languages, the meaning of which you will not have any doubts about.

Equivalents of Russian proverbs in English

Since our native language is Russian, it is easier for us to apply the statement that we have known since childhood. However, as we have found out, literal translation sometimes distorts not only the form, but also the meaning of what is said. Therefore, if you want to figuratively express your thoughts in English, I recommend that you use the equivalents of Russian proverbs in English, which you can find in this article.

I compared a large number of Russian and English proverbs in terms of meaning and lexical composition. Thus, I have identified two groups:

Equivalent in use, lexical composition and meaning- these are proverbs that, when translated accurately, do not lose their meaning; they are used in both languages ​​in the same case:

Easier said than done
Be easier said than done

One head it's good, but two better
Two heads are better than one

Better late than never
Better late than never

He who laughs last laughs best
Not who laughs last laughs longest

The spirit is strong but the flesh is weak
The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak

Strike while the iron is hot
Strike while the iron is hot

However, most English folk sayings are radically different in lexical composition.

Equivalent in meaning and application only- these are proverbs with a completely different translation, which is natural for a different lexical composition, but the general meaning of the phrase is similar in meaning and the situation in which these expressions are used. This group is of greater interest to us:

What goes around comes around
A bad beginning makes a bad ending
(A bad start leads to a bad end)

A bad peace is better than a good quarrel
A bad compromise is better than a good lawsuit
(A bad compromise is better than a good fight)

Who gets up early, God gives him
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise
(Get up early and go to bed early - you will be healthy, rich and smart)

He who does not plan his own victory is planning someone else's
Failing to plan is planning to fail
(Not planning is planning to fail)

Trust in God, but don’t make a mistake yourself
Good fences make good neighbors
(Behind a good fence are good neighbors)

Read more Analogues of Russian proverbs in English

Abbreviations of English proverbs

Very often, long proverbs are shortened in oral speech. This figure is called the default technique. For example, we do not fully pronounce the expression when we want to say that we will have to do something to get what we want: “Without difficulty...” or “Under a lying stone...”, and then it’s clear what the interlocutor wants to say, and not need to finish a sentence.

In English, the entire expression is also not pronounced if it is too long. Using the figure of default, proverbs such as:

  • And rolling stone...
  • Well, here’s a silver lining…
  • Well, a bird in the hand, you know…
  • when the cat's away…
  • Birds of a feather…

By the way, the expression “Silence is golden” is also a shortened form. In its full version in English, this phrase looks like this: “ Speech is silver; silence is golden ».

However, this option is only good if both interlocutors have a good command of the language and know the folklore of the people in whose language they communicate. That is, to understand the abbreviated version, you need to know this expression in full. Therefore, when using an abbreviation, make sure that the interlocutor understands you correctly and does not invent anything to himself.