Language is both old and eternally new -
And it's so wonderful!
In a huge sea - a sea of words -
Take a bath every hour!
Birch and dog, cabbage and director, frost and ship... What do these words have in common? The answer is simple, they are all vocabulary words from the primary school dictionary.
Vocabulary words, like the multiplication table, must be known by heart. But the multiplication table fits on half a notebook page, and the vocabulary words are a huge thick dictionary, and the writing of these words defies any logic. They must be taught and taught, often returning to the same word. It’s good if the child reads a lot and has developed intuition. What if he can’t remember the spelling of the words “apricot” and “shovel” for several years?
The work of spelling dictionary words is difficult and painstaking. It continues from lesson to lesson, remaining in the students’ memory after the teacher uses special techniques.
Vocabulary words are one of the problems of primary school. If the problem is not solved, then it becomes a heavy burden. Unsolved problems in primary school naturally turn into problems at the middle level, and then...
Teachers in their practice use the method of P. S. Totsky, which suggests multiple repetitions to develop the speech apparatus and spelling vigilance.
But this technique is not designed for children who had speech problems in preschool age (FFN, ONR, ZRR). Children with attention deficit disorder, MMD, experience great difficulties in mastering vocabulary words.
I want to offer you several ways and methods, adapted for children with a history of speech problems, for memorizing the spelling of vocabulary words.
Important to remember:
1. Exercise daily for 15-20 minutes.
2. Take 5 to 10 words to memorize per week.
To memorize words, use the following tasks.
1. Reading a word by a child.
2. Explanation of the meaning of the word (if the child does not know the meaning of the word, invite him to use a dictionary).
3. Spelling work on the word:
- placing emphasis, highlighting difficult letters in green,
- sound-letter analysis of a word,
- dividing a word into syllables and into syllables for transfer.
4. Learning the spelling of a given word:
- selection of words with the same root,
- composing a phrase or sentence with this word,
- selection of synonyms, antonyms, riddles, sayings with a given word.
5. Recording the word in a spelling dictionary.
In the evening (better before bed), ask your child to say how he will write vocabulary words.
6. Compiling a story from a group of vocabulary words (December, frost, skates, guys).
7. Picture dictation (show pictures of objects, the child writes down the names of these objects).
8. Copy vocabulary words in ascending order of syllables or vice versa.
9. Complete the sentence (there is a missing vocabulary word in the sentence).
10. Formation of the singular from the plural or vice versa (teacher - teachers, vegetable gardens - vegetable garden).
11. Formation of another part of speech (birch - birch, eastern - east, seller - sell).
12. Writing out these dictionary words in several columns:
- by childbirth;
- by numbers;
- by declination;
- with unverified vowels A, O, E, I;
- with an unverified and verifiable vowel;
- animate or inanimate objects;
- by topic (for example: “City” and “Village”);
- by parts of speech;
13. Write out from these words:
- words consisting of two or three syllables;
- words with Y;
- words with hissing words.
14. Coming up with phrases with vocabulary words (red tomato, wide street).
15. Recording words under dictation, with stress setting, underlining unchecked spelling, choosing a word for sound-letter analysis.
16. Selection of words with the same root.
17. Restoring a deformed text or sentence (guys, garden, in, collected, and, cucumbers, tomatoes, peas, baskets).
18. Analysis of words by composition.
19. Writing words with different prefixes (went, came, left, came).
20. Writing words with different prepositions (to the square, at the square, on the square).
21. Put the word in the correct case, decline the dictionary word.
22. Form a new word using a suffix (birch - birch, coast - berezhok).
23. Replace with one word (a person who drives a tractor is a tractor driver, a wide asphalt road is a highway, to win is to win).
24. Writing from memory.
25. Self-dictation and mutual verification.
26. Copy, insert one or two consonants (S or SS - kla...ny, kero...in, sho...e, ro...a, ka...ir, ba...ein) .
27. Replace these words according to their meaning with others (group - collective, store - department store, break - intermission, doctor - surgeon, friend - comrade).
28. For these adjectives, select nouns that are dictionary words according to their meaning (red apple, fiction, drama theater).
29. Replace with synonyms (driver - chauffeur) or antonyms (south - north).
30. Complete the sentence with homogeneous parts of the sentence (You can buy it at the grocery store...).
"Close your eyes and imagine this word written in a book.
Spell it.
Make the “dangerous” letter blink. Which letter is "blinking"?
Read slowly as you write.
Write down this word 5 times, each time say out loud what you write."
(Do everything with your eyes closed.)
Can be used method of associative memorization of words. But I do not recommend its use in children with speech development level 2, mental retardation, ADD, MMD, or mental retardation.
The essence of the method. A difficult spelling of a dictionary word is associated with a vivid associative image, which is remembered when writing this dictionary word, helping to write the spelling correctly.
Methodology
1. Write down a vocabulary word (cl. word) and put emphasis.
For example: birch.
2. Highlight in green (underline, circle) the syllable that causes difficulties (doubt) when writing.
For example: be-re-za.
3. Write out the doubtful syllable separately, highlighting (by size, color) the dubious spelling.
For example: b_E., b_e.
4. Find an associative image associated with a vocabulary word and write it down opposite the vocabulary word.
ASSOCIATIVE IMAGE REQUIREMENTS:
A) An associative image must be associated with the dictionary word by some common feature.
Model:
The associative connection can be by:
- color;
- location;
- form;
- sound;
- action;
- taste;
- material;
- purpose;
- quantity
etc.
B) The associative image must have in its writing a letter that is not in doubt, which is doubtful in the dictionary word.
For example:
Dictionary word
* birch - by color _white
* birch - curly: you need a comb to comb (shape like the letter E)
Result:
B_E.reza - b_E.bark,
- gr_E.ben (_E.)
5. Depict a vocabulary word combined with an associative image (drawing and/or intersection of words through a questionable spelling).
For example:
b
birch
l
A
I
6. Read the dictionary word and clearly reproduce out loud the found associative image, imagining their combination and the dubious spelling linking them.
ATTENTION! DO NOT impose your association on your child!
The value is the presence of each associative image given the given requirements: connection and a general given spelling.
Examples of vocabulary words and associative images:
G_A.zeta - boom_A.ga,
k_A.rman - holes_A.,
d_I.rekt_O.r - kr_I.k, r_O.t,
k_O.concert - n_O.ta, d_O., x_O.r,
z_A.water - pipe_A.,
k_O.rabl - v_O.lny, b_O.tsman, k_O.k,
in_E.y - b_E.ly, sn_E.g,
l_A.don - l_A.pa,
k_A.empty - z_A.yats
k_A.randash - gr_A.n, boom_A.ga,
s_O.tank - xv_O.st
Literature that will help diversify your activities with your child.
1. Agafonov V.V. “Wrong rules” for dictionary words - and not only.”
2. "Vocabulary words in images and pictures." A manual for speech therapists in two parts.
Annotation:
The manual presents specially designed picture material for studying vocabulary words by students of grades 1 and 2 of secondary schools. It allows children to remember vocabulary words not in the traditional way, but in the form of pictures, which is especially important for children with various speech disorders. The material in the second part of the manual is intended for individual work with students.
3. Paramonova L. G. “How to master the spelling of “dictionary” words.”
Annotation:
The proposed manual is devoted to the traditional principle of writing, which is one of the basic principles of Russian orthography. The particular difficulty of mastering this principle lies in the need to memorize and memorize a huge number of words, the spelling of which does not obey any modern grammatical rules.
4. Molokova A.V., Molokov Yu.G., Kilina G.F. Electronic textbook "Vocabulary words. Grades 1-4"
Annotation:
The manual is intended for use in Russian language lessons in elementary school for the purpose of studying, practicing the skills of correct spelling of vocabulary words, as well as for the purpose of organizing control and self-control in the lesson.
Words whose spelling needs to be remembered are divided into classes, and within each class they are grouped thematically. The student can work with each group of vocabulary words in three modes.
The "Learn" mode allows you to see an illustration and spelling of each vocabulary word in a given group, as well as hear its pronunciation by a speaker.
The "Test Yourself" mode is designed to practice the skills of correct spelling of vocabulary words after the appearance of illustrations and voice accompaniment. The student can use the hint to select the required letters. This will be reflected in the comments for completing the task.
The "Control" mode allows the student to interactively check the correct spelling of vocabulary words in a group based on the illustration and sound of the word. There is no way to use a hint.
The results of the work are recorded and can be reviewed by the teacher after completion.
5. Zegebart G. M. "Learning without torment. Correction of dysgraphia."
Publishing house Genesis M. - 2007
Dictionary words from the spelling dictionary according to the educational complex "School of Russia", textbook authors Kanakina, Goretsky.
1 class
Vocabulary words from the textbook 1st grade:
weight…l……………………………………………..…….…………….……
in…r…bey………………………………………………………………………………………………
in…rona…………………………………………………………………………………………
dev…h…ka………………………………………………………………………….
d...journal ……………………………………………………………………..
d...revnya………………………………………………………………………………………..
for…c………………………………………………………………………………………..
k…r…nda…………………………………………………………………………………
cla… …………………………………………………………………………………
blood ………………………………………………………………………………
l...sitsa ………………………………………………………………………………
small…h…k…………………………………………………………………………………
m...sh...on ………………………………………………………………………………
m…two… …………………………………………………………………………………
m…l..ko…………………………………………………………………………………
p…l…then…………………………………………………………………………………
p…cash………………………………………………………………………………
work…………………………………………………………………………………
guys ………………………………………………………………………………
from…tank…………………………………………………………………………………
s…r…ka………………………………………………………………………....
t…tra… …………………………………………………………………………………………...
student ………………………………………………………………………………
teacher………………………………………………………………………………….
account...tel...………………………………………………………………………………
teaches...l...nitsa…………………………………………………………………………………………...
x…r…sho ………………………………………………………………………………
…language………………………………………………………………………………
Vocabulary words according to the work program, there are no words in the textbook, grade 1:
class… ………………………………………………………………………………….
p...thump ………………………………………………………………………………
r…botat…………………………………………………………………………………………..
ru… …kiy……………………………………………………………………………….
Album, watermelon, drum, ticket, sparrow, crow, newspaper, city, girl, duty officer, village, factory, hare, ditch, cabbage, pencil, pocket, potatoes, class, concert, corridor, cow, palm, car, furniture, bear, milk, carrots, frost, ravine, cucumber, rooster, scarf, weather, tomato, guys, Motherland, boots, sugar, dog, magpie, notebook, student, teacher, good, apple, berry, tongue.
Cards 1st grade
Lubom, _rbu_, b_r_ban, b_let, v_r_bey, v_rona, g_zeta, mountain__, girl, d_zhurny, village, z_vod, za_ts, k_nava, k_pusta, k_r_da_, k_rman, k_rtof_l, kla__, k_nts_rt, k_r_dor, k_rova, l_don, m _sh_na, furniture, m_dve_b, m_l_ko, d_rko_b, m_ro_, _vra_, _gurets, p_tuh, pl_tok, p_goda, p_m_dor, r_boys, _od_na, s_p_gi, sugar, s_bak, term, t_tra_t, student, teacher, kh_r_sho, apple, yag_ yes, _language.
Lubom, _rbu_, b_r_ban, b_let, v_r_bey, v_rona, g_zeta, mountain__, girl, d_zhurny, village, z_vod, za_ts, k_nava, k_pusta, k_r_da_, k_rman, k_rtof_l, kla__, k_nts_rt, k_r_dor, k_rova.
Full name ______________________________
l_don, m_sh_na, furniture, m_dve_b, m_l_ko, darkness, m_ro_, _vra_, _gurets, rotten, pl_tok, p_goda, p_m_dor, r_boys, _od_na, s_p_gi, sugar, s_bak, term, t_tra_t, student, teaches_ l, x_r_sho, apple_ko, yag_da, _language
2nd grade
| A alphabet birch all of a sudden girl factory Sorry cabbage |
L fox shop people dinner coat Job |
WITH boots plate Street surname apple |
Cards for vocabulary words for grade 2:
...lf...vit
...prel...
Weight...l...
B...b...hit
Girl...h...ka
D...zhurny
D...cabr...
Shit...vnya
D... holy... given... I
Hello (t...)
Z...ml...nika
...call...call
K...empty
K...r...nda...
K...rtina
K...n...ki
L...gu...ka
M...gas...n
M...sh...on
Furniture...l...
M...dved..
M...tel...
M...l...current
M...rko... ...
N...November...
...without...Ian
Region...k...
...October...
P...l...then
Pr...sh...th
R...working
R...sun...k
R...s...ia
Russian
S...p...gi
S...September...
Sn...gir...
Sp...sib...
Sub…ota
T...arrow
T...tra... ...
T...var... ...
Teacher
Teaches...l...
Teaches...l...n...tsa
F... darling... I
F... lied...
H...r...sho
Shcha...led...
Yabl...k...
3rd grade
| A carefully shore all of a sudden carnation girl want factory Sorry cabbage |
L camp shop people dinner coat Job |
WITH airplane plate dinner surname Thursday walked apple New Year |
Cards with vocabulary words for grade 3:
...k...uratn...
...lf...vi...
...l...bom
...prel...
ber... ...
b...reza
fast...
suddenly...
weight..l...
wind...r
together...
in...cru...
in...r...beat
in...r...on
vo...m...
in...sun...sep...e
in...a hundred...
Tuesday... ...
gv...zdika
g...swarm
g...r... ...
g...roh
dev...h...a
d...short
d...cabr...
d...re...nya
d...horns
d...sv...dan...i
w...lat...
g...lty
w...here...e
s...in...
for...tr...k
for no reason
z...yats
...fight (those)
z...ml...nicka
...sound...nit...
in...th
...nt...resny
k...empty
k...r...nda...
k...tina
k...rtof...l...
square...room
k...l...gram...
class...
k...l......who...
k...l...ekt...i
room...that
k...mp...yut...r
k...n...ki
to...rowa
...red square... ... ...
...reml...
...r...wat...
lag...r...
forest...nitsa
l...titsa
l...pata
l..gu...ka
m...g...zin
m...lina
m...sh...on
furniture...l...
m...two... ....
month...c
m..tel...
m...tr...
m...l...ko
m...l...then...
m...rko... ...
m...ro...
... ...skva
n...ro...
n...november...
...ba...
...b...z...yana
region...k...
...what...
ov...sh...
...g...ro...
...cucumber
...de...yes
...bottom...dy
...duvan...chick
ok...l...
...kty...r...
...reh
...sena
p...l...then
p...cash
p...juice
p...tru...ka
p...ro...
pl...current
n...years
p...m...dor
p...n...de...nick
p...rosha
p...ships
p...tom
Pat
holiday
pr...vetl...in...
psh...nitsa
Friday
pr...sh...th
r...bot
r...working
r...keta
r..wall…e
r... guys
r...sun...k
kind...on
r...ma...ka
... ...s...iya
rus...ky
r...bina
s...m...fly
s...p...gi
sah...r
north…r
from...Neptember...
s...ren...
soon...
sn...gir...
from...tank
s...lda...
with...crowbar
since...rock
sp...sib...
Wed...yes
st...kan
st…faces
sub…ota
t...arrow
t...tra... ...
t...cook...
t...since
tract...r
tr...mvay
really...n
st...tsa
ur...zhay
student
teacher
teaches...l...
teaches...l...nitsa
f...mil...i
f... lied...
x...r...sho
h...hard...
h...tyr...
black
feel...st...
sh...l
sh...s...e
w...led...
apple...k...
apple...nya
yag...yes
...language
...nvar...
...new th...
… … New Year …
... ...birthday ...
...en...knowledge
...June 8 ...art
...day...lunches
4th grade
beautiful
library
librarian
chauffeur
more
ship
costume
iron
railway station
passenger
passenger
ticket
twelve
ahead
slowly
Here
yesterday
Now
Tomorrow
telephone
TV show
alley
conversation
talk
agronomist
scenery
engineer
engineers
farmer
sheep
yesterday
Today
bonfire
portrait
journey
traveler
director
kilogram
gram
newspaper
All vocabulary words from grades 1 to 4:
Alley, neat, apricot, aroma, bus, artist, car, agronomist, address, pharmacy, diamond, alphabet, paragraph, chord, orange, apparatus, appetite, watermelon, lampshade, accident.
Luggage, ram, steering wheel, balcony, drum, birch, shore, ticket, conversation, swamp, quickly, library, crimson, crimson, boots, biography, bazaar, swimming pool, loaf, as if.
Station, carriage, eight, inside, together, together, wind, yesterday, everywhere, fun, suddenly, forward, ahead, around, east, crow, sparrow, windy, Sunday, felt boots, for the first time, expressing, expressive, bath, bathroom, up, winnow, vinaigrette, along, attentive, magical, gate, always, grapes, vermicelli.
City, citizens, citizen, loud, newspaper, ready, cook, hero, horizon, peas, hot, gallery, gamma, blue, gram, grammar, flu, group, city.
Village, road, girl, duty officer, dessert, December, twenty, twelve, director, goodbye, dialogue, length, yeast, long ago.
Far away (far)
Valley (valley – flat place)
Blackberry, if.
Yellow, animal, wish, buzzing, woman, burning.
Factory, hare, tomorrow, breakfast, calling, calling, here, building, law, west, hello, strawberries, mirror, fence.
From afar, engineer, interesting, frost, sometimes, truth, true, mean, illustration, art, go.
Calendar, cabbage, picture, potatoes, pan, apartment, room, computer, bed, suit, brown, harvester, astronaut, office, space, fire, skates, cow, hoof, knee, cornice, cash desk, carnival, constructor, construction, penny, class, pencil, collective farm, kilogram, team, reed, captain, ship, concert, basket, corridor, cassette, commander, as if, cocoa, wicket, repent, team, collection, coffee, cross, sneakers, crossword, correspondent , Red Square, Kremlin, heel, carpet, beauty, crocodile, cabin, viburnum, ...
COMPANY -
1. a group of people spending time together.
2. a commercial organization whose main purpose is to carry out economic activities.
CAMPAIGN -
A set of activities carried out to achieve some important goal.
Shovel, camp, ladder, fox, lilac, petal, palm, laboratory, bark, lemon, cherish, eraser line, better.
Machine, milk, bear, carrot, dream, frost, Moscow, slowly, hammer, month, shop, raspberry, tangerine, match, metal, metallic, boy, metro, mass, dream, man, millimeter, toil, pasta, monologue, mayonnaise, furniture.
Back, left, right, probably for a long time, on purpose, several, people, forever, hope, on the contrary, for example, insect, week, recently, towards.
Vegetables, clothes, cucumber, October, eleven, garden, one day, lunch, oats, nut, aspen, father, about, sheep, back, defense, charm, charming, mischievous, despair, cloud, shade, huge, orange, spelling, from there, rest, image, ravine, shepherd, cover, deception, usually, basis, hunting, fatherland.
Coat, pencil case, rooster, dishes, tomato, weather, victory, sand, sandy, beautiful, wheat, Friday, Monday, sadness, landscape, portrait, nursery, travel, hello, friendly, scarf, nature, government, passenger, case, monument, tent, piano, please understand, in half, equally, prestige, progress, incident, space, profession, process, platform, assistant, across, order, then, because, handwriting, rule, correct, holiday, subject, example , program, profession, towel, finger, glove, penguin, pie, parade, belt.
Work, worker, guys, Russian, rocket, distance, solution, drawing, plant, area, plain, piano, rowan, story, repair, fly, chamomile, gum, child.
Homeland - Russia,
But the homeland is the city, village where you were born.
Develop – development, progress.
Waving - (flying) a flag, banner.
Fireworks, boots, sled, soon, dog, magpie, north, today, soldier, nightingale, capital, straw, sparkle, freedom, free, now, secret, silver, sow, seeder, left, right, thank you, plane, lilac, lilac, Saturday, subbotnik, sweater, situation, Slavs, so much, from behind, essay, sum, justice, guard, strange, first, how much, tit, count, account, happiness, glass, quarrel, at once, dragonfly, essay, neighbor, absolutely, tablecloth, case, napkin, second.
Plate, notebook, notebook, tractor, comrade, solemn, now, telephone, diesel locomotive, axe, tram, tradition, anxiety, theater, then, only, telegram, terrace, territory, ton, tomato, longing, yearning, trolleybus, such, calf.
Student, student, teacher, teacher, harvest, street, dinner, hurricane, knot.
Football, foyer, purple, last name, fantasy, finish, lantern.
Farm, owner, grain grower, good.
Quote, circus.
Man, Thursday, black, fourteen, suitcase, scarecrow, garlic.
Driver, highway, sixteen, rustling, hut, silk, overcoat.
WALKED, LEFT, CAME IN, FOUND, CROSSED, WENT AWAY.
To march - to follow someone - a procession.
To patronize - to be chefs.
Goldfinch, puppy, chirping (birds).
Crew, electricity, express, excursion, excavator, escalator, electric locomotive, electric train, relay race, power plant.
Youth, young, young people.
Apple tree, apple, berry, anchor, tongue, egg, lizard, clear, hawk, amber.
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