Construction is developing at a rapid pace around the world. There are so many high-rise buildings (skyscrapers) built in the world, but we should not forget about high-rise towers, which are not inferior in height to even the tallest skyscrapers. And it is these structures that will be discussed in this article.
1. Burj Khalifa, Dubai, UAE, 818 m
The United Arab Emirates is trying to catch up and surpass the whole world, building more and more architectural wonders. This is perhaps the most ambitious project, construction of which began in September 2004. The grand opening took place on January 4, 2010. The picturesque place is surrounded by hotels and shopping centers. The building even has its own website, burjkhalifa.ae.
2. Guangzhou Tower, China, 610 m
The next tower, Guangzhou TV Tower, is currently the tallest tower in the world. It was built in 5 years, for the opening of the 2010 Asian Games. The height of the TV tower is 610 meters. The tower is designed to transmit radio and TV signals, as well as for a panoramic view; the observation deck is designed to receive about 10,000 tourists per day.
3. CN Tower, Toronto, Canada, 553 m
Another building, which was the leader in height until 2007, is located in the city of Toronto, Canada, and is called the CN Tower. This tower is the symbol of the city and its height is 553.3 meters.
4. Freedom Tower, New York, USA, 541 m
After the sad events in New York on September 11, 2001, for some time the destroyed World Trade Center remained the subject of widespread discussion in terms of what should be in its place now. In 2002, after several tenders, the project proposed by Daniel Libeskind was selected and it acquired its final form by 2006. The opening took place on May 10, 2013. The building was called "1 World Trade Center".
5. Ostankino TV tower, Moscow, Russia, 540 m
The tallest tower in Russia is located in Moscow, its height is about 540 meters, most likely you already guessed that its name is Ostankino. The tower is installed on 10 supports, the so-called legs. Inside there is the Seventh Heaven restaurant at an altitude of 328-334 meters. According to the calculations of civil engineers, it is assumed that the Ostankino tower will stand for at least three hundred years. The observation deck is covered with three-layer glass to prevent accidents.
6. Willis Tower, Chicago, Illinois, 527 m
Construction work began in 1970 and the opening took place in May '73 in Chicago. The building, 443 meters high, contains 110 floors with a total area of 418 thousand square meters. The building is made of 9 square pipes, which form a square at the base. There are 104 elevators operating here and people use them to get to the three zones into which this building is divided.
7. Pentominium Tower, Dubai, 516 m
Construction of this facility began in 2011 and is still ongoing. The author of the project, which cost about $400 million, is Andrew Bromberg from Aedas. Construction work is planned to be completed by 2014 and then the skyscraper will be about 516 m in height.
8. Taipei 101, Taiwan, 509 m
Built in 2004 in Taipei and has 101 floors. Taipei ranks first on this list with an altitude of 509 meters. Upon completion of the Taipei 101 skyscraper, the twin towers Petronas Towers and Sears Tower moved up to 2nd, 3rd and 4th places, respectively.
9. Burj Al Alam, Dubai, 501 m
Construction began in 2006 and was expected to be completed by 2009. But due to lack of funds, the project was frozen. The official website of the building was closed and the domain was parked. There is no news yet, but the project promised to be impressive, which is why it is in our rating.
10. Eiffel Tower, Paris, France, 324 m
We could not help but mention it, although it has not been the tallest for a long time, but at the time of its opening there was no equal to it in the whole world. As you know, it was installed in Paris, France. The Eiffel Tower was erected in 1889 for the World Exhibition. That year it was the tallest tower on the Planet. It was designed by the famous engineer Gustave Eiffel. The Parisians in those days took the erected structure with hostility, calling it an “ugly skeleton,” but time passes and today this “skeleton” is a symbol of Paris and France as a whole.
By 2020, the world's tallest building is set to be built in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The future skyscraper-tower is given the name “Kingdom”, and its height will be 1600 meters. According to preliminary estimates, at least $30 billion will be spent on the project. The possible infrastructure of the future building remains secret, but, without a doubt, there will be offices, apartments, and entertainment centers. Below is a ranking of the tallest buildings in the world that have the “tower” architectural type. To give you an idea, the Burj Khalifa is the tallest skyscraper building in the world, 828 meters.
The first place in this ranking is quite controversial. " tree of heaven "in Tokyo is a radio mast by type, but at the same time it is considered the tallest television tower in the world; experts believe that, in principle, the design features do not interfere with calling this architectural miracle a tower. The height of this giant is 634 meters, and the tower began to operate in 2012. During construction, a number of strong earthquakes occurred in Japan, the amplitude of which reached 9 points, but the “Tree of Heaven” coped well with the first serious test of seismic resistance.
2nd place 
TV Tower " Guangzhou ", located in China, has the structure of a hyperboloid tower and a height of 600 meters. The opening of this high-rise structure took place in 2009, and was timed to coincide with the opening of the 2010 Asian Games. The design solution of the television tower corresponds to the developments of the Russian engineer Shukhov, who in 1899 patented the hyperboloid type of structure. Excluding underground premises, it has 37 floors.
3rd place 
Canada Television Tower CN Tower "has a height of 553 meters and was built in 1976. This grandiose structure made of reinforced concrete structures is located in Toronto. The construction of the tower took only 3 years, while it has a high degree of safety and can withstand winds reaching speeds of 420 km/h. The number of floors of this building, excluding underground premises, is 147.
4th place 
Located in Moscow Ostankino tower with a height of 540.1 meters it ranks fourth in the ranking. Construction of this structure ended in 1967, after seven years of work. In addition to the main direction of operation of the tower - television and radio broadcasting - meteorological observations and research take place here. The number of floors of the Ostankino tower is approximately 120, the structure is made of reinforced concrete materials.
5th place 
TV tower " Oriental pearl ", located in Shanghai in China, has a height of 467.9 meters. It began its operation in 1994 after four years of construction work. The number of floors is 14, the tower is used to provide television broadcasting and entertainment tourism purposes.
« Borje Milad ", a concrete tower with a height of 435 meters, is the tallest in Iran. It provides television and radio broadcasting, telecommunications, and serves as one of the Iranian tourist symbols, located in Tehran. Construction of the tower took 11 years, and its operation began in 2007. Number of floors - 12.
« Menara Kuala Lumpur » is a concrete tower located in the capital of Malaysia, in operation since 1996. The height of the building is 421 meters. The tower serves for television broadcasting. Construction lasted almost five years and was divided into four phases. For various reasons, the tower is often closed to tourists, which has a rather bad effect on its profitability.
Concrete tower in Tianjin at a height of 415.2 meters it is the eighth tallest tower in the world. Used for transmitter installation and surveillance. The construction began operating in 1991.
The tallest tower in the world is planned to be built by 2020. It will be located in Saudi Arabia. The country's authorities have already presented an ambitious project.
The tallest building, a tower called the Kingdom, will be erected in Jeddah. Its height will reach 1600 meters. The project is controlled by the Saudi prince and part-time millionaire Al-Walid. But who is the author and designs the tower is not yet known. According to some reports, the architectural company Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture. In the meantime, it is already known how much the project will cost – the preliminary budget is $30 billion. What the tower will become famous for is not hidden from the public. It will contain apartments, shops and offices, and a large observation deck will be built on the 157th floor, which will offer views of the city and the Red Sea. In a word, the “Kingdom” will be a real city-home.
Burj Dubai, UAE, 822 meters
In the meantime, the tallest tower in the world is located in the United Arab Emirates, in Dubai. Burj Dubai opened its doors in January 2010. The grand opening was timed to coincide with the 4th anniversary of the assumption of office by Mohammed bin Rashed Al Maktoum, Ruler of Dubai and at the same time Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE.
The Burj Dubai was designed by American architect Adrian Smith. After this, the construction of the tower lasted for six years. Almost $1.5 billion was spent on the construction of 160 floors with a height of 822 meters and 55 centimeters.
The six-star Armani Hotel is located on the first eight floors of the tower. The owner of the popular brand, designer Giorgio Armani, personally designed it. At the hotel you can find spa salons, several restaurants and a nightclub. 900 luxury apartments occupy the remaining floors up to the 108th. The cost of each ranges from 600 thousand euros to 11 million. Another 38 floors were occupied by restaurants and office space. Among other things, the Burj Dubai houses a gym and a nightclub. And in the tower, which is located above the main building, there are tons of telecommunications equipment. The tallest tower in the world contains the highest swimming pool - you can swim on the 76th floor, the highest observation deck on the 124th floor, and a mosque on the 158th floor. By the way, the development company assures that almost all the real estate in the tower has already been sold out.
Burj Dubai on video
And the most interesting thing is that you can climb to the upper floors of the tower in just two minutes. This is possible thanks to 65 of the most modern ultra-high-speed elevators. Each is capable of speeds of up to 18 meters per second or 64.37 kilometers per hour. On the way down, the elevator speed decreases slightly so that passengers do not feel the strain. However, to get from the first to the top floor you will need to transfer to another elevator. The Burj Dubai tower draws its energy from a 61-meter turbine, which runs on wind power and a solar panel system. This unique power unit occupies 15 thousand square meters.
Tokyo Sky Tree, Tokyo, 634 meters
One of the tallest towers in the world is located in Japan. In the Sumida district of Tokyo, the Tokyo Sky Tree television tower was commissioned in 2011. Previously, it was planned to be called the Sumida Tower or the New Tokyo Tower.
However, the final name was chosen during construction in 2008 based on the results of a competition. The height of the Tokyo Sky Tree was 634 meters, including the antenna, it turns out that the Tokyo Sky Tree is almost twice as tall as the Tokyo Television Tower. By the way, although the building has already been commissioned, the opening is planned only for May 2012. The tower will be used for digital television and radio broadcasting, as well as navigation systems and mobile communications. Inside you will find about 300 boutiques, an aquarium, restaurants, a planetarium and even a theater.
Canton Tower, China, 610 meters
The Guangzhou TV Tower is also included in the list of the largest. It took five years to build, until 2010. The ARUP company specially planned the completion of construction for the Asian Games. The Cantona Tower boasts a height of 610 meters. Here, up to 450 meters, the structure was erected as a combination of a central core and a hyperboloid load-bearing mesh shell.
The latest design of the television tower corresponds to a patent from the last year of the 19th century by the Russian engineer Shukhov. This part of the structure is made of large diameter steel pipes. And the Cantona Tower is crowned by a 160-meter spire. The tower is used for television broadcasts and radio transmission, and in addition, here you can see panoramas of Guangzhou. The tower can receive up to 10 thousand tourists per day.
CN Tower, Canada, 553 meters
From 1976 until 2007, the CN Tower was the tallest building in the world. Its height is no less than 553.33 meters.
The tower is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and has been a symbol of the city since its opening. More than 2 million people come to see the CN Tower every year. Initially, CN stood for Canadian National, since the building was owned by the Canadian National Railway Company.
View from the CN Tower
But in 1995, the tower was bought by Canada Lands Company (CLC). At the request of local residents, the towers retained their original name. Now officially CN stands for Canada's National.
Ostankino, Russia, 540 meters
The tallest building in Russia is the Ostankino television tower. The height of the building is 540 meters. The Ostankino tower stands on ten legs, each of which weighs 3,200 tons. At an altitude of approximately 330 meters, you can dine in Ostankino - here, on three floors, the Seventh Heaven restaurant is located.
People call the tower “Needle”. Experts suggest that the building, built in 1967, will last at least 300 years. It is strictly forbidden to walk under the tower’s supports, and you won’t be able to do this, since the tower is surrounded by a security zone of 180 meters.
Ostankino tower
Ostankino also has an observation deck and it is also safe. You cannot take your own life here, since the site is fenced with three-layer tempered glass.
Oriental Pearl Tower, China, 468 meters
The futuristic design of the Shanghai TV Tower is located in the Pudong region, on the banks of the Huangpu River. Its height is 468 meters, which makes the building the tallest in Asia. The TV tower consists of 11 so-called pearls, metal balls of different diameters.
And at their base lies a stone slab. The architecture seems to convey a line from a poem of ancient Chinese poetry: “Large and small pearls fall on a jade dish.” Each ball has an observation deck, the highest at an altitude of 360 meters. Here you can see Shanghai from unusual angles. It is noteworthy that the floor on the observation deck is glass. In addition, on each level of the tower there are galleries and shops, especially for tourists who want to buy souvenirs. And at a level of 267 meters there is a revolving restaurant - the only one of its kind that is located so high. About 350 people can sit at the tables at the same time. At the base of the TV tower, everyone can visit the Shanghai History Museum.
At the foot of the Eiffel Tower
Several hundred million people have already visited the tower. At the same time, over more than 115 years of existence, 53 people fell from it and were broken.
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Tallest towers in the world
The Ostankino television tower in Moscow is considered the tallest building in Russia: its height is 54Q meters. The tower stands on 10 legs, each bearing 3,200 tons of pressure. The three-story restaurant "Seventh Heaven" serves visitors at an altitude of 328-334 meters. It is assumed that "Igolochka", as it is popularly called, will stand for at least 300 years. Walking under the tower's supports is not allowed; it is surrounded by a 180-meter security zone. The observation deck is covered with three layers of tempered glass and therefore cannot serve as a starting point for those who decide to commit suicide.
Guangzhou TV Tower is the tallest TV tower in the world. Built in 2005-2010 by ARUP for the 2010 Asian Games. The height of the TV tower is 610 meters. Up to a height of 450 meters, the tower was erected as a combination of a hyperboloid load-bearing mesh shell and a central core. The hyperboloid design of the Guangzhou TV tower's mesh shell corresponds to an 1899 patent by Russian engineer V. G. Shukhov. The mesh shell of the tower is made of large-diameter steel pipes. The tower is crowned by a steel spire 160 meters high. The tower is designed to broadcast TV and radio signals, as well as to view the panorama of Guangzhou and is designed to receive 10,000 tourists per day.
The CN Tower was the tallest building in the world from 1976 to 2007. Its height is 553.33 meters. Located in Toronto (Canada, Ontario) and is a symbol of this city. Over 2 million people visit the CN Tower every year. Initially, the abbreviation CN stood for Canadian National (since the building belonged to the Canadian National Railway Company), however, in 1995 the tower was purchased by the Canada Lands Company (CLC). Residents of Toronto wanted to keep the former name of the television tower, so now the abbreviation CN officially stands for Canada’s National.
The symbol of Paris, the Eiffel Tower, designed by Gustave Eiffel for the World Exhibition in 1889, is the tallest tower built long before the appearance of the first television masts. The weight of the tower is 7224 tons. Construction lasted 2 years, 2 months and 2 days and cost 8 million francs. After 20 years, it was decided to dismantle the structure. The invention of the radio saved the tower, and the brainchild of engineer Eiffel received a rebirth. Many French people were hostile to the new tower, and the writer Guy de Maupassant hid from the “ugly skeleton” by dining in a restaurant on the tower itself - this was the only place in Paris from which it could not be seen. Over the 111 years of its existence, 53 people fell from it and were killed.
10 tallest buildings in the world
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10 tallest buildings in the world
The popular statement - size doesn't matter - certainly doesn't apply to the height of buildings. Man has not given up trying to reach heaven since biblical times - starting with the construction of the Tower of Babel. The tallest buildings in the world amaze with their grandeur and technical innovation; we invite you to learn more about each of them. We will talk specifically about skyscrapers; this list will not include towers, which will be discussed in a separate story
But until the 19th century, increasing the height of buildings meant thickening the walls, which had to support the weight of the structure. The creation of elevators and metal frames for walls freed the hands of architects and engineers, allowing them to design and build taller and taller buildings, increasing the number of floors. So, the 10 tallest buildings in the world:
№10 Empire State Building, New York, USA
The Empire State Building is America's most famous skyscraper, the Chrysler Building is one of the last skyscrapers built in the Art Deco style; Rockefeller Center is the world's largest private business and entertainment complex, consisting of 19 buildings. The center's observation deck offers stunning panoramic views of Central Park and the Empire State Building.
The Empire State Building is a 102-story skyscraper that was built in New York in 1931 by architects R. H. Shreve, W. F. Lamb and A. L. Harmon. The height of the building without a mast was 381 meters.
During the construction of the building, new technologies were developed in building structures, such as the frame metal structure made of cast iron by J. Bogardus, the passenger elevator by E. G. Otis. A skyscraper consists of a foundation, a steel frame of columns and beams above the ground, and curtain walls attached to the beams. In this skyscraper, the main load is carried by the steel frame, not the walls. It transfers this load directly to the foundation. Thanks to this innovation, the weight of the building was significantly reduced and amounted to 365 thousand tons. 5,662 cubic meters of limestone and granite were used for the construction of the external walls. In total, the builders used 60 thousand tons of steel structures, 10 million bricks and 700 kilometers of cable. The building has 6,500 windows.
№9 Shun Hing Square, Shenzhen, China
Shun Hing Square in Shenzhen is a 69-story skyscraper, 384 meters high. The building was built in 1996, during the period of the most active economic recovery of the city, which was one of the first to be declared a free trade zone.
This 69-story building was built between 1993 and 1996 and, until the construction of CITIC Plaza in 1997, was the tallest building in China, its height is 384 meters. This structure was built at a high pace: up to 4 floors were built in 9 days. It is also the tallest building in China built of steel. The main premises of the tower are occupied by offices, residential apartments begin on the 35th floor, and shopping centers and car parks occupy 5 floors. On the top floors there are observation platforms “Meridian View Center” - an exhibition hall where the main stages of China's development are shown and from where residents and guests of the city can view Shenzhen through telescopes.
№8 CITIC Plaza Guangzhou, China
Citic Plaza - 80-story skyscraper, Guangzhou, China The height of the building, including two antenna-like spiers, is 391 m.
CITIC Tower (English: CITIC Plaza - building of the China International Trade and Investment Company, CITIC) is an 80-story skyscraper located in Guangzhou, China. The height of the building, including two antenna-like spiers, is 391 m. At the time of completion (1997), it was the tallest building in the world after New York and Chicago, as well as the tallest building in China and Asia.
As of early 2007, it is the third tallest structure in China after the Jin Mao in Shanghai and the International Financial Center in Hong Kong, the sixth in Asia and the seventh in the world.
CITIC Tower is located in the Tianhe district and is part of a complex of the same name, which also houses two 38-story residential buildings. Near the CITIC Tower there is a new train station and a new subway station, as well as the Tianhe Sports Center, where the 6th National Games were held.
Like other high-rise buildings in China, this building has received extensive criticism from the public. Such buildings are government exhibits and it is not profitable for the following reason: The study has shown that if the building is higher than 300 meters, then it becomes uneconomical because the operating costs will always exceed the profit.
The Chinese government listened to this criticism, but still decided to continue construction. Despite public demands for the release of a report on the tower's profits and operating expenses, the government continues to refuse to do so, as well as release a report on construction costs and the measures taken to strengthen the building against possible earthquakes.
№7 "International Finance Center Tower 2",Hong Kong, China
This second building of the World Financial Center of China was built in 2003, consists of 88 floors and is 415 meters high. The tower is located on the coastline of central Hong Kong and is the main attraction of the island. Forty floors of this building are occupied by the Four Seasons Hotel Hong Kong, the rest of the space is occupied by various shopping centers and offices.
The International Finance Center is a complex commercial building located on the waterfront of central Hong Kong. A significant landmark of Hong Kong Island, it consists of two skyscrapers: the International Financial Center and the shopping gallery and the 40-story Four Seasons Hotel Hong Kong. Tower 2 is the tallest building in Hong Kong, usurping the space once occupied by Central Plaza. The complex was built with the support of Sun Hung Kai Properties and MTR Corp. The Hong Kong Airport Express station is located directly below it. The construction of the first international financial center was completed in 1998 and opened in 1999. The building has 38 floors, 18 high-speed passenger elevators in four zones, its height is 210 m, the total area is 72,850 m. The building now accommodates approximately 5,000 people.
№6 Jin Mao Tower, Shanghai, China
The total height of the structure is 421 meters, the number of floors reaches 88 (93 including the belvedere). The distance from the ground to the roof is 370 meters, and the top floor is at an altitude of 366 meters! Perhaps, in comparison with the Emirati (still unfinished) giant Burj Dubai, Jin Mao will seem like a dwarf, but against the background of other buildings in Shanghai this giant looks impressive. By the way, not far from the Golden Building of Success there is also a high-rise building - the Shanghai World Financial Center (SWFC), which surpassed Jin Mao in height and became the tallest office building in China in 2007. Currently, a 128-story skyscraper is planned to be built next to Jin Mao and the ShVFC, which will become the tallest building in the PRC.
The hotel is famous for being one of the tallest in the world; it is located on the upper floors of a skyscraper, which, in turn, is on this moment tallest in Shanghai
From the 54th to 88th floor there is the Hyatt Hotel, this is its atrium.
On the 88th floor, 340 meters above the ground, there is an indoor Skywalk observation deck that can accommodate more than 1,000 people at a time. Skywalk area - 1520 sq.m. In addition to the excellent view of Shanghai from the observatory, you can look down on the magnificent atrium of the Shanghai Grand Hyatt Hotel.
№ 5 Fifth place in the list of tallest buildings is the Sears Tower, Chicago, USA.
The Sears Tower is a skyscraper located in Chicago, USA. The height of the skyscraper is 443.2 meters, the number of floors is 110. Construction began in August 1970, ending on May 4, 1973. Chief architect Bruce Graham, chief designer Fazlur Khan.
The Sears Tower was built more than 30 years ago. In 1974, the skyscraper became the tallest building in the world, surpassing the World Trade Center in New York by 25 meters. For more than two decades, the Sears Tower held the lead and only in 1997 lost to the Kuala Lumpur “twins” - the Petronas Towers.
Today, the Sears Tower is undoubtedly one of the most magnificent buildings in the world. To this day, this building remains the tallest skyscraper in the United States.
The cost of the 443-meter-high Sears Tower was $150 million—a fairly impressive sum at that time. Today the equivalent cost would be almost $1 billion.
The main building material used to construct the Sears Tower was steel.
№ 4 PETRONAS Twins Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
At the end of the 20th century, the highest air bridge in the world was built. At an altitude of 170 m from the ground, it linked the two tallest Petronas towers of that time: 88 floors, 452 meters. This was in 1998.
This high-rise bridge is 58 m long, double-decker, weighs 750 tons and contains the latest advances in engineering. It was created by South Koreans, Kukdong Engineering & Construction.
88-story skyscraper. Height - 451.9 meters. Located in the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad participated in the design of the skyscraper, who proposed building buildings in an “Islamic” style. Therefore, in plan the complex consists of two eight-pointed stars, and the architect added semicircular protrusions for stability.
6 years were allotted for construction (1992-1998). The towers were built by two different companies to increase productivity. It turned out that it was proposed to build on the edge of fragile stone on the side and limestone on the rest of the territory. As a result, the building was completely transferred to soft ground, shifted 60 meters, and piles were driven in - the largest concrete foundation in the world.
It is distinguished not only by its colossal size, but also by the complexity of its design. The area of all premises of the building is 213,750 sq.m., which corresponds to the area of 48 football fields. The towers themselves occupy 40 hectares in the city. The Petronas Towers houses offices, exhibition and conference rooms, and an art gallery.
The construction of the Petronas Towers cost the main customer, the state oil corporation Petronas, 2 billion ringgits ($800 million). Some of the costs were covered by other Malaysian firms, which distributed office space in two skyscrapers among themselves. It is interesting to note that the towers are connected by a covered walkway in the form of a bridge.
The skyscraper turned out to be twice as heavy as similar steel ones. Cleaning 16,000 windows in one tower takes a month. 10,000 people live and work in the towers.
№ 3 Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai, China
The Shanghai World Financial Center is one of the tallest buildings in Shanghai, China. Its construction has not yet been completed. There will be office space, a hotel, conference rooms, observation decks and shops on the ground floor. The Park Hyatt Shanghai will have 175 rooms and suites.
On September 14, 2007, the building's frame was completed at a height of 494 m, making it the tallest building in China, including Hong Kong, and the third tallest building in the world.
The 101-storey building, designed by Koch Pedersen Fox, was originally planned in 1997, but work was suspended due to the Asian financial crisis in the late 90s, with some design changes later made. The construction of the tower was financed by several multinational companies, including Japanese, Chinese and Hong Kong banks, as well as American and European investors who wished to remain anonymous.
The most interesting detail in the building's design is the window at the top of the building. The original design called for a round window, 46 m in diameter, to reduce wind pressure, and this was also a subtext to the design of the building, because... Chinese mythology represents the earth as a square and the sky as a circle. It also resembled the Chinese lunar gate. However, this design caused many protests from the Chinese, including the mayor of Shanghai, who believed that it was very similar to the rising sun on the Japanese flag. Then Pedersen suggested that there be a bridge at the bottom of this window to make it look less round. On October 18, 2005, a new design was proposed for the Mori Building, and the round window was replaced with a trapezoid-shaped window, which also made the project cheaper and much easier to implement.
The observation deck on the 100th floor appeared in the final version of the design project. The roof of the skyscraper is set at a height of 492 m. Before construction on the roof was resumed, the height of the tower was supposed to be 510 m, and then this building would surpass Taipei 101, but the height limit was exhausted, and the maximum remained at around 492 m. Architect William Pedersen and developer Minoru Mori has resisted proposals to add a spire to surpass Taipei 101's performance, and perhaps the Freedom Tower, which has been called the "broad-shouldered building." Once completed, the Shanghai World Financial Center will boast an area of 377,300 square meters, 31 elevators and 33 escalators.
№ 2 "Taipei 101". Location: Taipei, Taiwan
The Taiwanese skyscraper Taipei 101, located in the capital of Taiwan - Taipei. Its height is 571 meters.
Construction of the skyscraper began in 1999. The official opening took place on November 17, 2003, and was put into operation on December 31, 2003. The cost of the skyscraper was $1.7 billion.
This skyscraper has the world's fastest elevators - they rise at a speed of 63 km/h. From the ground floor you can get to the observation deck on 89th in 39 seconds.
The building is one of the main symbols of modern Taipei and all of Taiwan. It has 101 aboveground and 5 underground floors. Its postmodern architectural style combines modern traditions and ancient Chinese architecture. The multi-story shopping complex in the tower contains hundreds of shops, restaurants and clubs.
You don’t need to be an expert in physics and seismology to understand that a structure 509.2 meters high is at very high risk during an earthquake. That is why Asian engineers once decided to secure one of the architectural pearls of Taiwan in a rather original way - with the help of a giant ball or stabilizer ball.
The project, costing more than $4 million, involves installing a giant ball weighing 728 tons on the upper tiers of the skyscraper, turned out to be one of the most striking engineering experiments of recent times. Suspended on thick cables, the ball plays the role of a stabilizer, allowing it to “dampen” vibrations of the building structure during an earthquake.
№ 1 Burj Dubai, Dubai, UAE
Dubai Tower- a skyscraper, reminiscent of a stalagmite in shape, is almost completed and will be ready for occupancy at the end of 2009 in the largest city of the United Arab Emirates - Dubai. Since July 21, 2007 - the tallest building in the world. Since May 19, 2008 - the tallest structure that has ever existed in the world (before that, the record belonged to the Warsaw radio mast that fell in 1991). The exact final height of the structure is still unknown, but the estimated height is 818 m (with more than 160 floors)
The total cost of construction of the structure will be about $4.1 billion. Construction of the skyscraper began in 2004. The average speed of construction of one floor is three days. The tower and adjacent buildings occupied a plot of land of 200 hectares (it cost the owners of the building $20 billion).
The official opening ceremony of the skyscraper was scheduled for September 9, 2009. According to Deputy Construction Director Didier Bosredon, the construction and improvement of the tower should have been completed on time in any case, despite the global financial crisis. But still, the crisis suspended and pushed back the opening date to the end of 2009
The tower is equipped with 56 elevators (by the way, the fastest in the world), boutiques, swimming pools, luxury apartments, hotels and observation platforms. A distinctive characteristic of the construction is the international composition of the working team: a South Korean contractor, American architects, Indian builders. Four thousand people took part in the construction.
Records set by the Burj Dubai:
* the building with the largest number of floors - 160 (the previous record was 110 for the Sears Tower skyscrapers and the destroyed twin towers);
* tallest building - 611.3 m (previous record - 508 m at the Taipei 101 skyscraper);
* the tallest free-standing structure - 611.3 m (the previous record was 553.3 m at the CN Tower);
* the highest height of injection of concrete mixture for buildings is 601.0 m (the previous record was 449.2 m for the Taipei 101 skyscraper);
* the highest height of injection of concrete mixture for any structure is 601.0 m (the previous record was 532 m at the Riva del Garda hydroelectric station);
* in 2008, the height of the Burj Dubai exceeded the height of the Warsaw radio tower (646 m), the building became the tallest ground-based structure in the history of human construction.
* On January 17, 2009, Burj Dubai reached a declared height of 818 m, becoming the tallest erected structure in the world.
The world's tallest TV tower February 3rd, 2016
We continue to replenish our . Today we have such an object as a television tower. In Europe, the highest is Ostankino (I have been wanting to go inside to the observation deck for a very long time!!). But in the World...
The tallest television tower at the moment is the television tower - Tokyo Skytree, which is located in the Sumida area, Tokyo, Japan. It is the tallest among the television towers in the world, its height is 634 meters and the second among the tallest buildings in the world, the first is the Burj Khalifa in Dubai with a height of 828 meters.
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New Tokyo Tokyo Sky Tree Tower or "Tokyo Sky Tree", was built to replace the old Tokyo Television Tower, to transmit digital television and radio signals, since from 2011 all television broadcasting in Japan was supposed to switch completely to digital television. The old one was not high enough to transmit to the upper floors of some skyscrapers.
Construction of a TV tower "Tokyo Skytree" began in July 2008 and is amazing at the speed with which the Japanese erected this structure - 10 meters per week. Construction was completed on February 29, 2012, although it was planned to be completed in December 2011, but due to the earthquake, funds allocated for the construction of the television tower became less and it slowed down. The official opening took place only on May 22, 2012. 580 thousand people took part in the construction of the television tower and 812 million dollars were spent.
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The tower is built with modern anti-seismic systems, which, according to engineers, can absorb up to 50% of the energy of an earthquake, and can theoretically withstand earthquakes of magnitude 7.0 with the epicenter under the tower.
Name Tokyo Skytree was chosen based on the results of a popular vote that took place on the Internet from April to May 2008. The name received about 33,000 votes (30 percent) out of 110,000 voters, with the second most popular name being "Tokyo Edo Tower".
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The height of the television tower is twice as high as the Tokyo Television Tower and during the design was chosen to be equal to 634 meters. This is not just like that, the fact is that the number is 6 (pronounced “mu” in old Japanese), 3 (“sa”), 4 (“si”) and together they sound like “Musashi”, which is consonant with the name historical area where modern Tokyo is located - "Musashi".
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Tokyo Sky Tree Tower It is used primarily for digital television and radio broadcasting, mobile telephone communications and navigation systems, but it is also a popular tourist attraction. It has two public viewing platforms. The first observation deck is located on 3 floors at an altitude ranging from 340 to 350 meters, which can be reached in 60 seconds by the fastest elevator in Japan, which surpassed the Landmark Tower elevator in Yokohama in speed. Part of the floor of the observation deck is made of strong glass, where you can see the city right under your feet. There is also a cafe, a small souvenir shop and a restaurant (Musashi Sky Restaurant).
In March 2011, the tower's spire collapsed during an earthquake. But the tower itself survived, and is still the main symbol of Japan.
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The next elevator takes visitors to the second observation platform of the TV tower "Tokyo Skytree", which is located at an altitude of 445 meters, called the “Skywalk”, a circular path that runs around the tower 360 degrees, rising 75 meters in height to the highest point of the tower (451.2 m) accessible for visitors.
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At the base of the Tokyo Skytree tower there is a huge shopping and entertainment complex "Tokyo Solamachi", which is located on the banks of the Sumida River and has more than 300 shops and restaurants inside. There is also a postal museum, office space, a planetarium and a huge aquarium (Sumida Aquarium). Entrance to the TV tower "Tokyo Sky Tree" with a cash desk located on the 4th floor of the complex.
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